In Southern Brazil, the Polygalaceae family is represented by five genera: Acanthocladus, Bredemeyera, Monnina, Polygala, and Securidaca. The genus Polygala is the largest of the Polygalaceae family, with approximately 725 species widely distributed in the world, in all types of environment. Approximately 140 taxa of Polygala are known in the Brazilian flora. The survey recorded 39 species of Polygala to Southern Brazil, representing the subgenera Hebeclada, Ligustrina and Polygala, the last one with 31 species. Full descriptions, illustrations, analytical keys, data on habitat, geographic distribution, and ecological observations are provided.
Paraná; Rio Grande do Sul; Santa Catarina; taxonomy
