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ABSTRACT: Water scarcity associated with irregular rainfall in the semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil stands out as a limiting factor for agricultural production. Thus, the use of waters with high concentration of salts is an alternative to expand irrigated agriculture in this region. In this context, this study evaluated the water status, intercellular electrolyte leakage, photosynthetic pigments, and gas exchange of ‘BRS SC1’ sour passion fruit as a function of irrigation with water of different levels of salinity and potassium doses. The experiment was carried out in pots adapted as drainage lysimeters under field conditions at the Experimental Farm of the Federal University of Campina Grande in São Domingos - PB, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a 5 × 4 factorial scheme, whose treatments were obtained by combining two factors: five levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water - ECw (0.3, 1.1, 1.9, 2.7, and 3.5 dS m-1), associated with four potassium doses (60, 80, 100, and 120% of the recommendation), with three replicates. Water with electrical conductivity greater than 0.3 dS m-1 reduced the relative water content, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contents, CO2 assimilation rate, and instantaneous water use efficiency of ‘BRS SC1’ sour passion fruit plants. The estimated potassium dose of 85% of the recommendation (equivalent to 293 g per plant per year) mitigated the deleterious effects of salt stress on stomatal conductance, transpiration, internal CO2 concentration, and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency of passion fruit ‘BRS SC1’.

RESUMO: A escassez de água associada à irregularidade das precipitações no semiárido do Nordeste brasileiro destaca-se como fator limitante para produção agrícola. Assim, o uso de águas com elevadas concentrações de sais é uma alternativa para expandir a agricultura irrigada nesta região. Neste contexto, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar os status hídrico, o extravasamento de eletrólitos, os pigmentos fotossintéticos e as trocas gasosas do maracujazeiro-azedo ‘BRS SC1’ em função da irrigação com águas de diferentes salinidades e doses de potássio. O experimento foi desenvolvido em vasos adaptados como lisímetros de drenagem sob condições de campo na Fazenda Experimental da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande em São Domingos - PB. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 5 × 4, cujos tratamentos foram construídos pela combinação de dois fatores: cinco níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação - CEa (0,3; 1,1; 1,9; 2,7 e 3,5 dS m-1), associados a quatro doses de potássio (60; 80; 100 e 120% da recomendação), com três repetições. A água de condutividade elétrica superior a 0,3 dS m-1 reduziu o conteúdo relativo de água, os teores de clorofila a e b, a taxa de assimilação de CO2 e a eficiência instantânea no uso da água das plantas de maracujazeiro-azedo ‘BRS SC1’. A dose de potássio estimada de 85% da recomendação (equivalente a 293 g por planta ano), amenizou os efeitos deletérios do estresse salino sobre a condutância estomática, transpiração, concentração interna de CO2 e eficiência instantânea de carboxilação do maracujazeiro-azedo ‘BRS SC1’.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20210769

Morpho-physiological and anatomical characteristics of Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu in silvopastoral and monoculture systems
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Sousa, Luciano Fernandes

; Moreira, Guilherme Rocha

; Lemos Filho, José Pires de

; Paciullo, Domingos Savio Campos

; Vendramini, João Maurício Bueno

; Luna, Robert Emilio Mora

; Maurício, Rogério Martins

Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences

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2023, Volume 45 elocation e59494

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT. To gain insights into the forage morphological and anatomical characteristics in a silvopastoral system (SPS) with Bolsa de Pastor (Zeyheria tuberculosa) and palisadegrass ‘Marandu’ (Urochloa brizantha) monoculture (MONO). The SPS was established through natural regeneration of the tree species. Treatments were a SPS and MONO distributed in a completely randomized design with six replicates and repeated measures were the harvest periods. Response variables were morpho-physiological and anatomical characteristicss: green: dead material ratio, leaf blade: stem+sheath ratio, leaf area index, chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations, proportions of non-lignified and achlorophyllous areas, lignified areas in stems, proportions of non-lignified and achlorophyllous areas, lignified and chlorophyllous areas in leaves, as well as cell length in longitudinal section of stem. Morpho-physiological patterns were altered (p < 0.05) under natural shading conditions due to higher photosynthetic efficiency in the SPS. There was no effect (p > 0.05) of the systems on anatomical patterns, proportions of non-lignified and achlorophyllous, lignified and chlorophyllous tissues, these proportions were influenced only by the periods of the year, both for stems and leaves. Cells of the internodes of the grasses of the studied systems had the same length. The SPS alters morpho-physiological characteristics of palisadegrass and increases the concentration of chlorophyll a and b.

https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v45i1.59494

Selection of F1 genotypes of pineapple and reaction to inoculation with a Fusarium guttiforme isolate
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Lira Júnior, José Severino de

; Andrade, Domingos Eduardo Guimarães Tavares de

; Bezerra, João Emmanoel Fernandes

; Assunção, Marta dos Santos

; Assis, Tereza Cristina de

; Junghans, Davi Theodoro

; Matos, Aristóteles Pires de

Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology

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2023, Volume 23 Nº 1 elocation e43202315

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Fusariosis (Fusarium guttiforme) is the most destructive disease of the pineapple crop in Brazil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reaction to an isolate in pineapple genotypes selected for crownless fruit weight (CFW) and total soluble solids (TSS). A total of 1,125 genotypes ('BRS Imperial'×'Pérola') were evaluated. Selection for greatest CFW and TSS was performed during the sexual cycle. The isolate was inoculated on slip-type plantlets using the immersion technique. Plantlets were evaluated for disease intensity in the stem, attributing scores from 0 to 5. Eighteen genotypes were selected with values from 1.514 to 3.307 g (CFW) and from 14.6 to 19.4 °Brix (TSS). Six genotypes reached the highest level of survival against the IT-01 isolate. Selected genotypes have agronomic traits superior to those of their parents, which qualify them to be cycled back into the plant breeding program of the Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco - IPA.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332023v23n1a5

COVID-19-associated coagulopathy and acute kidney injury in critically ill patients
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Silva, Bruno Caldin da

; Cordioli, Ricardo Luiz

; Santos, Bento Fortunato Cardoso dos

; Guerra, João Carlos de Campos

; Rodrigues, Roseny dos Reis

; Souza, Guilherme Martins de

; Ashihara, Carolina

; Midega, Thais Dias

; Campos, Niklas Söderberg

; Carneiro, Bárbara Vieira

; Campos, Flávia Nunes Dias

; Guimarães, Hélio Penna

; Matos, Gustavo Faissol Janot de

; Aranda, Valdir Fernandes de

; Ferraz, Leonardo José Rolim

; Corrêa, Thiago Domingos

einstein (São Paulo)

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2023, Volume 21 elocation eAO0119

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective The incidence of thrombotic events and acute kidney injury is high in critically ill patients with COVID-19. We aimed to evaluate and compare the coagulation profiles of patients with COVID-19 developing acute kidney injury versus those who did not, during their intensive care unit stay. Methods Conventional coagulation and platelet function tests, fibrinolysis, endogenous inhibitors of coagulation tests, and rotational thromboelastometry were conducted on days 0, 1, 3, 7, and 14 following intensive care unit admission. Results Out of 30 patients included, 13 (43.4%) met the criteria for acute kidney injury. Comparing both groups, patients with acute kidney injury were older: 73 (60-84) versus 54 (47-64) years, p=0.027, and had a lower baseline glomerular filtration rate: 70 (51-81) versus 93 (83-106) mL/min/1.73m2, p=0.004. On day 1, D-dimer and fibrinogen levels were elevated but similar between groups: 1780 (1319-5517) versus 1794 (726-2324) ng/mL, p=0.145 and 608 (550-700) versus 642 (469-722) g/dL, p=0.95, respectively. Rotational thromboelastometry data were also similar between groups. However, antithrombin activity and protein C levels were lower in patients who developed acute kidney injury: 82 (75-92) versus 98 (90-116), p=0.028 and 70 (52-82) versus 88 (78-101) µ/mL, p=0.038, respectively. Mean protein C levels were lower in the group with acute kidney injury across multiple time points during their stay in the intensive care unit. Conclusion Critically ill patients experiencing acute kidney injury exhibited lower endogenous anticoagulant levels. Further studies are needed to understand the role of natural anticoagulants in the pathophysiology of acute kidney injury within this population.

https://doi.org/10.31744/einstein_journal/2023ao0119

A peculiar case of onychomycosis caused by Cladosporium halotolerans
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Santana, Gilglécia Novaes Pereira

; Neff, Catarina Glauce Martins

; Petri, Valeria

; Fernandes, Fernanda Aparecida Vieira

; Gompertz, Olga Fischman

; Bello, Marina de Moura

; Monteiro, Ruan Campos

; Da Matta, Daniel Archimedes

; Ogawa, Marília Marufuji

; Moura, Luis Henrique Barbizan de

; Trindade, Mário Roberto de Sousa

; Jordão Neto, Domingos

; Camargo, Zoilo Pires de

einstein (São Paulo)

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2023, Volume 21 elocation eRC0326

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT A 49-year-old patient with changes in the nails of the hallux for 10 years was diagnosed with onychomycosis. The identity of the causative agent was confirmed as Cladosporium halotolerans from the Cladosporium sphaerospermum species complex using molecular techniques. MALDI-TOF identified the agent as C. sphaerospermum complex species. Overall, species such as onychomycosis agents should attract special attention to avoid mistakes in the identification process while considering a probable contaminant as responsible for the disease. These species deserve attention since there are rare descriptions of them as causes of onychomycosis. It is important to recognize them as causes of disease and not just as a probable contaminant.

https://doi.org/10.31744/einstein_journal/2023rc0326

The SISBIOTA-Diptera Brazilian Network: A long-term survey of Diptera from unexplored Brazilian Western Arc of Amazon, Cerrado, and Pantanal
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Lamas, Carlos José Einicker

; Fachin, Diego Aguilar

; Falaschi, Rafaela Lopes

; Alcantara, Daniel Máximo Correa de

; Ale-Rocha, Rosaly

; Amorim, Dalton de Souza

; Araújo, Maíra Xavier

; Ascendino, Sharlene

; Baldassio, Letícia

; Bellodi, Carolina Ferraz

; Bravo, Freddy

; Calhau, Julia

; Capellari, Renato Soares

; Carmo-Neto, Antonio Marcelino do

; Cegolin, Bianca Melo

; Couri, Márcia Souto

; Carvalho, Claudio José Barros de

; Dios, Rodrigo de Vilhena Perez

; Falcon, Aida Vanessa Gomez

; Fusari, Livia Maria

; Garcia, Carolina de Almeida

; Gil-Azevedo, Leonardo Henrique

; Gomes, Marina Morim

; Graciolli, Gustavo

; Gudin, Filipe Macedo

; Henriques, Augusto Loureiro

; Krolow, Tiago Kütter

; Mendes, Luanna Layla

; Limeira-de-Oliveira, Francisco

; Maia, Valéria Cid

; Marinoni, Luciane

; Mello, Ramon Luciano

; Mello-Patiu, Cátia Antunes de

; Morales, Mírian Nunes

; Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira

; Patiu, Claudemir

; Proença, Barbara

; Pujol-Luz, Cristiane Vieira de Assis

; Pujol-Luz, José Roberto

; Rafael, José Albertino

; Riccardi, Paula Raile

; Rodrigues, João Paulo Vinicios

; Roque, Fabio de Oliveira

; Sallum, Maria Anice Mureb

; Santis, Marcelo Domingos de

; Santos, Charles Morphy Dias dos

; Santos, Josenilson Rodrigues dos

; Savaris, Marcoandre

; Shimabukuro, Paloma Helena Fernandes

; Silva, Vera Cristina

; Schelesky-Prado, Daniel de Castro

; Silva-Neto, Alberto Moreira da

; Camargo, Alexssandro

; Sousa, Viviane Rodrigues de

; Urso-Guimarães, Maria Virginia

; Wiedenbrug, Sofia

; Yamaguchi, Carolina

; Nihei, Silvio Shigueo

Revista Brasileira de Entomologia

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2023, Volume 67 Nº 4 elocation e20230051

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The SISBIOTA-BRASIL was a three-year multimillion-dollar research program of the Brazilian government to document plants and animals in endangered/understudied areas and biomes in Brazil. Distributional patterns and the historical events that generated them are extensively unknown regarding Brazilian fauna and flora. This deficiency hinders the development of conservation policies and the understanding of evolutionary processes. Conservation decisions depend on precise knowledge of the taxonomy and geographic distribution of species. Given such a premise, we proposed to research the diversity of Diptera of the Brazilian western arc of Amazon, Cerrado, and Pantanal in the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, and Rondônia. Three important biomes of the South American continent characterize these Brazilian states: Amazon forest, Cerrado (Brazilian Savannah), and Pantanal. Besides their ecological relevance, these biomes historically lack intensive entomological surveys. Therefore, they are much underrepresented in the Brazilian natural history collections and in the scientific literature, which is further aggravated by the fact that these areas are being exponentially and rapidly converted to commercial lands. Our project involved over 90 collaborators from 24 different Brazilian institutions and one from Colombia among researchers, postdocs, graduate and undergraduate students, and technicians. We processed and analyzed nearly 300,000 specimens from ~60 families of Diptera collected with a large variety of methods in the sampled areas. Here, we provide a detailed overview of the genera and species diversity of 41 families treated. Our results point to a total of 2,130 species and 514 genera compiled and identified for the three states altogether, with an increase of 41% and 29% in the numbers of species and genera known for the three states combined, respectively. Overall, the 10 most species-rich families were Tachinidae, Cecidomyiidae, Tabanidae, Psychodidae, Sarcophagidae, Stratiomyidae, Bombyliidae, Syrphidae, Tephritidae, and Asilidae. The 10 most diverse in the number of genera were Tachinidae, Stratiomyidae, Asilidae, Mycetophilidae, Syrphidae, Tabanidae, Muscidae, Dolichopodidae, Sarcophagidae, and Chloropidae. So far, 111 scientific papers were published regarding taxonomic, phylogenetic, and biogeographical aspects of the studied families, with the description of 101 new species and three new genera. We expect that additional publications will result from this investigation because several specimens are now curated and being researched by specialists.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2023-0051

Lacticaseibacillus casei decrease long-chain fatty acids and most substances in an experimental model of intestinal mucositis
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Barbosa, Stphannie Jamyla de Araújo

; Silva, Amanda Silveira da

; Oliveira, Maisie Mitchele Barbosa

; Ribeiro, Susana Barbosa

; Medeiros, Caroline Addison Carvalho Xavier de

; Ferreira, Leandro de Santis

; Pinheiro, Francisco Ayrton Senna Domingos

; Sousa Junior, Francisco Canindé de

; Martins, Agnes Andrade

; Araújo Júnior, Raimundo Fernandes de

; Garcia, Vinícius Barreto

; Araújo, Aurigena Antunes de

Acta Cirúrgica Brasileira

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2023, Volume 38 elocation e386723

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the long-chain fatty acid and major compounds levels in the feces after prophylactic oral use of Lacticaseibacillus casei in an experimental model of intestinal mucositis. Methods: Fifteen Swiss mice were randomly divided into three groups (n=5/group): The negative or positive control groups (n = 5) received saline orally for 18 days and an the intraperitoneal (i.p.) of saline or 5 Fluorouracil (450 mg/kg) in 15th day, respectability. L. casei group received oral concentration of L. casei (1x109 CFU/mL) for 18 days, the i.p. injection of 5-fluorouracil (450 mg/kg) in 15th days. Tissue samples from colon and each small intestine segment were collected for histopathological analysis. Stool samples were collected. Fecal composition of long-chain fatty acids and sterols were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry on the 15th and the 18th day. Results: The mucosa layer of all small intestine segments of animals from L. casei showed well preserved epithelium and glands, without necrosis signs, but Goblet cells number decreased. Several long-chain fatty acids and sterols have been identified before and after in the groups. L. casei administration after 5-FU treatment reduced concentrations of linoleic acid (18:2) (p < 0.001) and oleic acid (18:1) (p < 0.001) in feces. Conclusions: L. casei prevented the mucosal damage associated with 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis reduced long-chain fatty acid levels in the feces.

https://doi.org/10.1590/acb386723

Qualidade físico-química e microbiológica de água potável na Província do Huambo (Angola): Água tratada do sistema de abastecimento público e água não tratada de fontes alternativas
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Afonso, Sandra Domingos João

; Fernandes, Lafayete de Assunção

; Moreira, Ricardo Franco Cunha

Revista Internacional em Língua Portuguesa

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Dez 2022, Volume 42 Páginas 47 - 59

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A água é um dos recursos mais importantes para a subsistência da vida na terra, apesar de ser também um dos principais veículos de transmissão de doenças, o que tem impulsionado a um esforço acrescido por parte das entidades responsáveis, a que esta esteja disponível, com a melhor qualidade possível, para o consumo de toda a população humana na terra. O presente estudo teve como objectivo avaliar a qualidade físico-química e microbiológica da água consumida pela população da cidade do Huambo. Foram colhidas amostras em 2 pontos, onde duas foram acondicionadas à temperatura ambiente e outra em condições de refrigeração. Foram colhidas oito amostras da rede de sistema de abastecimento público (torneiras) e oito em poços profundos (cacimbas). A colheita ocorreu nos dias 24 e 25 de Setembro de 2013 e 08 de Janeiro de 2014, e foram analisados 15 parâmetros físico-químicos e quatro microbiológicos. Dos dois pontos analisados, excederam as recomendações do Nº de colónias a 22ºC e a 37ºC apresentando valores de 40,0 % e 21,9 % (poços) e 25,7 % e 19,1 % (torneiras) que não estão de acordo com o Decreto-Lei n.º 306/2007 de 27 de Agosto, que dispõe sobre os procedimentos de controlo e de vigilância da qualidade da água para consumo humano e seu padrão de potabilidade. A análise de E. coli estava ausente em todas as amostras analisadas. Concluiu-se que a contaminação microbiológica observada reforça a necessidade de um constante monitoramento da qualidade microbiológica da água, visando os padrões adequados de potabilidade para consumo humano e então, prevenindo-se possíveis doenças.

Abstract Water is one of the most important resources for the subsistence of life on earth, although it is also one of the main vehicles for the transmission of diseases, which has driven an increased effort on the part of the responsible entities, to make it available, with the best possible quality for the consumption of the entire human population on earth. The present study aimed to assess the physical-chemical and microbiological quality of the water consumed by the population of the city of Huambo. Samples were taken at 2 points, where two were stored at room temperature and another in refrigerated conditions. Eight samples were taken from the public supply system network (taps) and eight from deep wells (cacimbas). The harvest took place on September 24 and 25, 2013 and January 8, 2014, and 15 physical-chemical and four microbiological parameters were analyzed. Of the two points analyzed, they exceeded the recommendations of the Nº of colonies at 22ºC and 37ºC, presenting values of 40.0% and 21.9% (wells) and 25.7% and 19.1 % (taps) that are not in agreement with Decree-Law No. 306/2007 of 27 August, which provides for the control and surveillance procedures for the quality of water for human consumption and its standard of potability. The E. coli analysis was absent in all analyzed samples. It was concluded that the observed microbiological contamination reinforces the need for constant monitoring of the microbiological quality of the water, aiming at the adequate potability standards for human consumption and then, preventing possible diseases.

https://doi.org/10.31492/2184-2043.rilp2022.42/pp.47-59

Educação, sociedade e democracia: o legado de John Goodlad
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Fernandes, Domingos

Estudos Avançados

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Ago 2022, Volume 36 Nº 105 Páginas 271 - 285

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O principal propósito deste artigo é apresentar e discutir algumas das ideias mais relevantes da extensa e intensa obra de John Goodlad (1920-2014) no que se refere a questões relacionadas com a renovação e a melhoria da educação, das escolas e da sociedade democrática e social. Por meio da leitura e da consulta de alguns dos seus textos reconhecidamente mais influentes, foi possível, por um lado, produzir uma breve síntese biográfica do autor e, por outro, identificar algumas das linhas mestras que orientaram o seu pensamento e a sua ação cívica. As suas pesquisas e a sua incansável luta para melhorar a educação e a democracia, que perspetivava numa relação simbiótica, foram sempre orientadas pela ideia de que o conhecimento sociológico crítico e profundo das escolas é uma condição indispensável para a sua renovação e melhoria. E esse é, muito provavelmente, o seu mais fundamental legado.

ABSTRACT Mainly, this paper presents and discusses some of the most relevant ideas in John Goodlad’s (1920-2014) comprehensive work on the renewal and improvement of education, schools, society and democracy. Reading and consulting some of his acknowledgedly most influential texts, it was possible to draft a brief biographical synthesis of the author and also to identify some of the main guidelines that drove both his thoughts and his civic actions. His research and unflagging efforts to improve education and democracy, which he viewed as a symbiotic relationship, were always driven by the idea that critical and deep sociological knowledge in schools is imperative to their renovation and improvement. And this is, very likely, his most fundamental legacy.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0103-4014.2022.36105.016

10.

Quantum yield, chlorophyll, and cell damage in yellow passion fruit under irrigation strategies with brackish water and potassium
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Pinheiro, F. W. A.

; Lima, G. S. de

; Gheyi, H. R.

; Soares, L. A. dos A.

; Nobre, R. G.

; Silva, L. de A.

; Lacerda, C. F. de

; Fernandes, P. D.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2022, Volume 82 elocation e265519

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A ocorrência de mananciais com altas concentrações de sais no semiárido nordestino destaca-se como fator limitante no cultivo do maracujazeiro-amarelo irrigado. Assim, a busca por estratégias de irrigação com água salobra é fundamental para a sustentabilidade da agricultura irrigada. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o rendimento quântico, os teores de clorofila e dano celular em maracujazeiro-amarelo cultivado sob diferentes estratégias de irrigação com água salobra e adubação potássica. O experimento foi conduzido em condições de campo em São Domingos - PB, Brasil, adotando-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 6×2, correspondendo a seis estratégias de uso de água salobra aplicadas nos diferentes estádios fenológicos da cultura e duas doses de potássio (60 e 100% da recomendação), com quatro repetições. Foram utilizados dois níveis de salinidade da água de irrigação, com baixa (1,3 dS m-1) e alta condutividade elétrica (4,0 dS m-1). A dose de potássio de 100% corresponde à aplicação de 345 g de K2O por planta por ano. O uso de água salobra (4,0 dS m-1) aumentou a fluorescência da clorofila e afetou negativamente os pigmentos fotossintéticos do maracujá-amarelo, independente do estádio fenológico. O estresse salino intensificou o extravasamento de eletrólitos em plantas de maracujazeiro adubadas sob alta dose de potássio. Os resultados mostram que a adubação equivalente a 100% da recomendação de potássio é excessiva para o cultivo do maracujazeiro-amarelo ‘BRS GA1’ no semiárido tropical, sob condições de estresse salino.

Abstract The occurrence of water sources with high concentrations of salts in the semiarid region of Northeast Brazil stands out as a limiting factor in the cultivation of irrigated yellow passion fruit. Thus the search for irrigation strategies with brackish water is fundamental for the sustainability of irrigated crops. The objective of the present study was to determine the quantum yield, chlorophyll levels, and cell damage in yellow passion fruit cultivated under different irrigation strategies with brackish water and potassium fertilization. The experiment was conducted under field conditions in São Domingos - PB, Brazil, adopting a randomized block design in a 6×2 factorial scheme, consisting of six strategies of use of brackish water applied in the different phenological stages of crop and two doses of potassium (60 and 100% of the recommendation), with four replicates. Two levels of irrigation water salinity were used, with low (1.3 dS m-1) and high electrical conductivity (4.0 dS m-1). The potassium dose of 100% recommendation corresponds to the application of 345 g of K2O per plant per year. The use of brackish water (4.0 dS m-1) increased chlorophyll fluorescence and negatively affected the photosynthetic pigments of yellow passion fruit, regardless of the phenological stage. Salt stress intensified intercellular electrolyte leakage in passion fruit plants under higher dose of potassium. Our results show that fertilization equivalent to 100% of the potassium recommendation is excessive for yellow passion fruit ‘BRS GA1’ in the tropical semiarid region under salt stress conditions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.265519

11.

ENERGY AND NUTRIENT INTAKE IN OSTOMY PATIENTS AND CORRELATIONS WITH ANTHROPOMETRIC VARIABLES: RESULTS FROM A REFERENCE HOSPITAL IN THE STATE OF PERNAMBUCO, BRAZIL
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DOMINGOS JÚNIOR, Ivanildo Ribeiro

; ANDRADE, Maria Izabel Siqueira de

; SANTIAGO, Emerson Rogério Costa

; BARBOSA, Laís Sousa

; DOURADO, Keila Fernandes

Arquivos de Gastroenterologia

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Out 2021, Volume 58 Nº 4 Páginas 443 - 449

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO CONTEXTO: Estudos que avaliam o consumo alimentar e o estado nutricional de pacientes ostomizados são escassos na literatura, entretanto, sabe-se que tais indivíduos cursam com sintomatologia que determinam modificações na ingestão calórica e de nutrientes, bem como nos parâmetros antropométricos durante o pós-operatório. OBJETIVO: Estimar a ingestão de energia e nutrientes em pacientes ostomizados e verificar sua relação com variáveis antropométricas. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, realizado com grupo de indivíduos ostomizados em acompanhamento ambulatorial em um hospital de referência para pós-operatório de ostomias em Recife - Pernambuco. Foram obtidos dados demográficos, socioeconômicos, clínicos, antropométricos e dietéticos por meio de entrevistas e coleta direta nos prontuários. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas no software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences versão 13.0 para Windows, adotando-se o valor de 5% para verificação de significância estatística (P≤0,05). RESULTADOS: A amostra foi composta por 100 indivíduos, sendo 54% do sexo masculino, com média de idade de 55,1±15,4 anos. O grupo foi caracterizado por um predomínio de pacientes colostomizados (82%; n=82), os quais apresentaram maiores frequências de excesso de peso, quando comparados àqueles com ileostomia (86,36% vs 13,64%). Foram identificadas medianas de ingestão abaixo dos valores recomendados pelos requisitos médios estimados principalmente para as vitaminas A, C e E. Houve correlação inversa significante entre o consumo de carboidratos com a circunferência do braço e a prega cutânea tricipital (P=0,0302), e correlação positiva entre o consumo de proteínas e a circunferência muscular do braço (P=0,0158) nos pacientes do sexo masculino. CONCLUSÃO: O presente estudo encontrou relação significante entre o consumo de macronutrientes e variáveis antropométricas indicativas de reservas de massa magra e adiposa. A ingestão, principalmente de vitaminas, foi abaixo dos valores preconizados segundo o sexo e a faixa etária.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Studies that assess the food intake and nutritional status of ostomy patients are scarce in the literature. However, such individuals have symptoms in the postoperative period that determine changes in the intake of calories and nutrients as well as anthropometric variables. OBJECTIVE: Estimate the energy and nutrient intake of ostomy patients and determine correlations with anthropometric variables. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with ostomy individuals in outpatient follow-up at a reference hospital for postoperative ostomy surgery in the city of Recife, Brazil. Demographic, socioeconomic, clinical, anthropometric, and dietary data were collected through interviews and from patient charts. Statistical analyses were performed with the aid of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 13.0 for Windows, with the level of significance set at 5% (P≤0.05). RESULTS: The sample was composed of 100 individuals (54% males) with a mean age of 55.1±15.4 years. Colostomy patients predominated (82%) and had a greater frequency of excess weight compared to ileostomy patients (86.36% versus 13.64%). Median intake was below the Estimated Average Requirements, especially for vitamins A, C, and E. Significant inverse correlations were found between carbohydrate intake and both arm circumference and triceps skinfold (P=0.0302 for each) and a positive correlation was found between protein intake and arm muscle circumference (P=0.0158) in male patients. CONCLUSION: The present study found significant correlations between macronutrient intake and anthropometric variables indicative of reserves of lean and adipose mass. Moreover, intake was below the recommended values according to sex and age group, especially with regards to vitamins.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0004-2803.202100000-81 1 downloads

12.

In vitro antimicrobial activity of methanolic extracts from cutaneous secretions of Amazonian amphibians against phytopathogens of agricultural interest
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RAASCH-FERNANDES, Livia Deice

; BONALDO, Solange Maria

; RODRIGUES, Domingos de Jesus

; FERRARINI, Stela Regina

; VERÇOSA, Ana Gabriela Araújo

; OLIVEIRA, Daiane Lopes de

Acta Amazonica

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Jun 2021, Volume 51 Nº 2 Páginas 145 - 155

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Os mecanismos de defesa bioquímica dos anfíbios envolvem secreções cutâneas de moléculas bioativas com atividade antimicrobiana. Este estudo avaliou a atividade in vitro de extratos metanólicos da secreção cutânea de duas espécies de anfíbios da família Bufonidae, Rhaebo guttatus e Rhinella marina, no controle dos patógenos Fusarium udum, Fusarium solani, Colletotrichum truncatum, Aspergillus flavus, Rhizoctonia solani, Macrophomina phaseolina e Calonectria pseudometrosideri. O extrato de R. guttatus inibiu o crescimento micelial de F. udum, F. solani, A. flavus e M. phaseolina em algumas concentrações testadas. O extrato de R. marina inibiu o crescimento micelial de C. truncatum na concentração de 0,5 mg mL-¹, e inibiu o crescimento micelial de A. flavus nas concentrações de 0,1 e 0,5 mg mL-¹, que foi semelhante à inibição pelo controle positivo. O extrato de R. marina também diminuiu a produção de microescleródios de R. solani nas concentrações de 0,2 e 0,3 mg mL-¹. Além disso, os extratos inibiram a esporulação e germinação de conídios em graus variados. A inibição da formação de apressórios em C. truncatum pelos extratos de R. guttatus e R. marina foi de 85%-99% e 63%-100%, respectivamente. Nossos resultados demonstraram que o tratamento com extratos da secreção cutânea de R. guttatus e R. marina apresentou atividade antifúngica sobre os fitopatógenos estudados.

ABSTRACT The biochemical defense mechanisms of amphibians involve cutaneous secretions of bioactive molecules with antimicrobial activity. This study evaluated the in vitro activity of methanolic extracts from cutaneous secretions of two amphibian species of the Bufonidae family, Rhaebo guttatus and Rhinella marina, in the control of the phytopathogens Fusarium udum, Fusarium solani, Colletotrichum truncatum, Aspergillus flavus, Rhizoctonia solani, Macrophomina phaseolina, and Calonectria pseudometrosideri. The R. guttatus extract decreased the mycelial growth of F. udum, F. solani, A. flavus, and M. phaseolina at some tested concentrations. The R. marina extract decreased the mycelial growth of C. truncatum at the concentration of 0.5 mg mL-¹, and inhibited the mycelial growth of A. flavus at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.5 mg mL-¹, which was similar to the inhibition by the positive control. The R. marina extract also decreased the microsclerotia production by R. solani at concentrations of 0.2 and 0.3 mg mL-¹. In addition, the extracts inhibited conidial sporulation and germination at varying degrees. The inhibition of appressoria formation in C. truncatum by the R. guttatus and R. marina extracts was 85-99% and 63-100%, respectively. Our results demonstrated that treatment with extracts from R. guttatus and R. marina cutaneous secretions showed antifungal activity against the studied phytopathogens.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392201904462 413 downloads

13.

The Program for Biodiversity Research in Brazil: The role of regional networks for biodiversity knowledge, dissemination, and conservation
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ROSA, CLARISSA

; BACCARO, FABRICIO

; CRONEMBERGER, CECILIA

; HIPÓLITO, JULIANA

; BARROS, CLAUDIA FRANCA

; RODRIGUES, DOMINGOS DE JESUS

; NECKEL-OLIVEIRA, SELVINO

; OVERBECK, GERHARD E.

; DRECHSLER-SANTOS, ELISANDRO RICARDO

; ANJOS, MARCELO RODRIGUES DOS

; FERREGUETTI, ÁTILLA C.

; AKAMA, ALBERTO

; MARTINS, MARLÚCIA BONIFÁCIO

; TOMAS, WALFRIDO MORAES

; SANTOS, SANDRA APARECIDA

; FERREIRA, VANDA LÚCIA

; CUNHA, CATIA NUNES DA

; PENHA, JERRY

; PINHO, JOÃO BATISTA DE

; SALIS, SUZANA MARIA

; DORIA, CAROLINA RODRIGUES DA COSTA

; PILLAR, VALÉRIO D.

; PODGAISKI, LUCIANA R.

; MENIN, MARCELO

; BÍGIO, NARCÍSIO COSTA

; ARAGÓN, SUSAN

; MANZATTO, ANGELO GILBERTO

; VÉLEZ-MARTIN, EDUARDO

; SILVA, ANA CAROLINA BORGES LINS E

; IZZO, THIAGO JUNQUEIRA

; MORTATI, AMANDA FREDERICO

; GIACOMIN, LEANDRO LACERDA

; ALMEIDA, THAÍS ELIAS

; ANDRÉ, THIAGO

; SILVEIRA, MARIA AUREA PINHEIRO DE ALMEIDA

; SILVEIRA, ANTÔNIO LAFFAYETE PIRES DA

; MESSIAS, MARILUCE REZENDE

; MARQUES, MARCIA C.M.

; PADIAL, ANDRE ANDRIAN

; MARQUES, RENATO

; BITAR, YOUSZEF O.C.

; SILVEIRA, MARCOS

; MORATO, ELDER FERREIRA

; PAGOTTO, RUBIANI DE CÁSSIA

; STRUSSMANN, CHRISTINE

; MACHADO, RICARDO BOMFIM

; AGUIAR, LUDMILLA MOURA DE SOUZA

; FERNANDES, GERALDO WILSON

; OKI, YUMI

; NOVAIS, SAMUEL

; FERREIRA, GUILHERME BRAGA

; BARBOSA, FLÁVIA RODRIGUES

; OCHOA, ANA C.

; MANGIONE, ANTONIO M.

; GATICA, AILIN

; CARRIZO, MARÍA CELINA

; RETTA, LUCÍA MARTINEZ

; JOFRÉ, LAURA E.

; CASTILLO, LUCIANA L.

; NEME, ANDREA M.

; RUEDA, CARLA

; TOLEDO, JOSÉ JULIO DE

; GRELLE, CARLOS EDUARDO VIVEIROS

; VALE, MARIANA M.

; VIEIRA, MARCUS VINICIUS

; CERQUEIRA, RUI

; HIGASHIKAWA, EMÍLIO MANABU

; MENDONÇA, FERNANDO PEREIRA DE

; GUERREIRO, QUÊZIA LEANDRO DE MOURA

; BANHOS, AUREO

; HERO, JEAN-MARC

; KOBLITZ, RODRIGO

; COLLEVATTI, ROSANE GARCIA

; SILVEIRA, LUÍS FÁBIO

; VASCONCELOS, HERALDO L.

; VIEIRA, CECÍLIA RODRIGUES

; COLLI, GUARINO RINALDI

; CECHIN, SONIA ZANINI

; SANTOS, TIAGO GOMES DOS

; FONTANA, CARLA S.

; JARENKOW, JOÃO A.

; MALABARBA, LUIZ R.

; RUEDA, MARTA P.

; ARAUJO, PUBLIO A.

; PALOMO, LUCAS

; ITURRE, MARTA C.

; BERGALLO, HELENA GODOY

; MAGNUSSON, WILLIAM E.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 Nº 2 elocation e20201604

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Program for Biodiversity Research (PPBio) is an innovative program designed to integrate all biodiversity research stakeholders. Operating since 2004, it has installed long-term ecological research sites throughout Brazil and its logic has been applied in some other southern-hemisphere countries. The program supports all aspects of research necessary to understand biodiversity and the processes that affect it. There are presently 161 sampling sites (see some of them at Supplementary Appendix), most of which use a standardized methodology that allows comparisons across biomes and through time. To date, there are about 1200 publications associated with PPBio that cover topics ranging from natural history to genetics and species distributions. Most of the field data and metadata are available through PPBio web sites or DataONE. Metadata is available for researchers that intend to explore the different faces of Brazilian biodiversity spatio-temporal variation, as well as for managers intending to improve conservation strategies. The Program also fostered, directly and indirectly, local technical capacity building, and supported the training of hundreds of undergraduate and graduate students. The main challenge is maintaining the long-term funding necessary to understand biodiversity patterns and processes under pressure from global environmental changes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120201604 1034 downloads

14.

Genetic control of leaf spinescence in BRS Imperial, Pérola, and Pico de Rosa pineapple cultivars
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Lira Júnior, José Severino de

; Bezerra, João Emmanoel Fernandes

; Andrade, Domingos Eduardo Guimarães Tavares de

Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology

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2021, Volume 21 Nº 1 elocation e33492112

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Leaf spinescence in pineapple plants was evaluated in a total of 2.014 F1 individuals as follows: 1.125 plants of the progeny of the Imperial BRS cv. × Pérola cv. cross, and 889 plants of the progeny of the Pico de Rosa cv. × BRS Imperial cv. cross. The genetic hypothesis with two loci and epistatic interaction of the piping (P) over spiny (S) trait was tested. The chi-square test was performed on deviations between the observed and expected numbers based on the genetic hypotheses formulated. The “BRS Imperial” × “Pérola” and “Pico de Rosa” × “BRS Imperial” progenies segregated into 1:0:1 (spineless:spiny tip:spiny), expressing phenotypes of their respective parents. The spineless leaf (“BRS Imperial”) is determined by the “Ppss” genotype, with the locus “P” in heterozygosity and the locus “S” in recessive homozygosity. The spiny leaf margin (“Pérola” and “Pico de Rosa”) is controlled by the “ppss” genotype.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332021v21n1a2 334 downloads

15.

Effect of water/cement ratio on micro-nanomechanical properties of the interface between cementitious matrix and steel microfibers in ultra-high performance cementitious composites
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Cesari, Vanessa Fernandes

; Pelisser, Fernando

; Gleize, Philippe Jean Paul

; Michel, Milton Domingos

Revista IBRACON de Estruturas e Materiais

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2021, Volume 14 Nº 4 elocation e14413

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

resumo: Concretos de ultra-alto desempenho com microfibras metálicas têm sido bastante estudados com objetivo de produzir estruturas mais eficientes e duráveis. O desempenho deste material é dependente das características da interface entre as microfibras e a matriz cimentícia. Este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar as propriedades micro-nanomecânicas da zona de transição interfacial entre as microfibras metálicas e a matriz cimentícia de materiais cimentícios de ultra-alto desempenho através das variáveis relação água/cimento e distância da fibra. Os resultados obtidos mostram a formação silicatos de cálcio hidratados de alta densidade (HD C-S-H) em maior quantidade do que silicatos de cálcio hidratados de baixa densidade (LD C-S-H) para relações água/cimento de 0,2 e 0,3. As propriedades medidas na interface entre as microfibras metálicas e a matriz cimentícia foram muito semelhantes àquelas medidas na pasta de cimento. Também não foram observadas diferenças significativas no módulo de elasticidade, dureza e composição química conforme a distância da fibra foi variada. Sendo assim, os autores concluem que não há ocorrência de uma região mais fraca na zona de transição entre a pasta e as microfibras.

abstract: Ultra-high performance concretes with steel microfibers have been studied in depth with the aim of producing more efficient and durable structures. The performance of these materials depends on the characteristics of the interface between microfibers and cementitious matrix. This research investigates the micro-nanomechanical properties of the interfacial transition zone between the steel microfibers and the matrix of ultra-high performance cementitious composite. The effect of the water/cement ratio and distance from the microfiber were analyzed. The results confirm the formation of high-density calcium-silicate-hydrate (HD C-S-H) matrix at higher concentrations than low-density calcium-silicate-hydrate (LD C-S-H) for w/c ratios of 0.2 and 0.3. The properties in cementitious matrix interface with steel microfibers were very similar to that measured for the cement paste, and no significant difference was observed regarding the distance to the microfibers in relation to the elastic modulus, hardness and chemical composition. Thus, the authors can conclude that the formation of a less resistant region does not occur at the interfacial transition zone cement paste/microfibers.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1983-41952021000400013 92 downloads

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