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Marine planktonic and benthic organisms: an ocean of diversity in the collections of the State of São Paulo
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Borges, Michela

; Petti, Mônica A.V.

; Fukuda, Marcelo V.

; Cassano, Valéria

; Fujii, Mutue T.

; Amaral, A. Cecília Z.

Biota Neotropica

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2022, Volume 22 N. spe elocation e20221406

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O Brasil é caracterizado como um país megadiverso e uma das prioridades no conhecimento e conservação dessa biodiversidade é seguramente a melhoria das coleções biológicas. Estas representam patrimônio biológico, científico, cultural e genético de um país, e sua preservação depende de um esforço coletivo de pesquisadores, instituições e do poder público. Com relação às coleções biológicas marinhas de invertebrados e algas, o estado de São Paulo representa uma alta porcentagem do acervo nacional, com cinco principais coleções depositadas em instituições estaduais. Atualmente estas coleções salvaguardam a grande maioria do acervo marinho estadual e compõem um dos maiores do país. Assim sendo, o objetivo desta pesquisa é o de apresentar informações sobre as coleções biológicas marinhas do estado de São Paulo, estado atual, financiamentos e perspectivas futuras, criando oportunidades de comunicação e considerando os fatores que impactam o desenvolvimento das mesmas. O apoio financeiro da Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) às instituições paulistas extravasa os limites do estado, visto que muitas pesquisas abordam áreas mais abrangentes e/ou estabelecem parcerias diversas com outras instituições não paulistas. Isso se reflete inclusive na abrangência taxonômica e geográfica das coleções biológicas do Estado, uma vez que estas mantêm espécimes/espécies de diferentes regiões do país, ou mesmo de outros países. No entanto, vale ressaltar que não basta investir em expedições de coleta para enriquecimento das coleções sem valorizar a formação de pessoal qualificado, tanto para a curadoria dos acervos quanto para o refinamento taxonômico.

Abstract Brazil is characterized as a megadiverse country, and one of the factors that guarantees the knowledge and preservation of this biodiversity is an improvement in the biological collections. They represent a country's biological, scientific, cultural, and genetic heritage and their preservation depends on a joint effort of researchers, institutions, and public authorities. Marine biological collections of invertebrates and algae of the state of São Paulo represent a high percentage of the national collections, with five biological collections deposited in state institutions. Currently, these collections safeguard the vast majority of the state's marine collection and make up one of the largest in the country. Therefore, the objective of this research is to present information on marine biological collections in the state of São Paulo, their current status, funding, and future perspectives, creating communication opportunities and considering the factors that impact their development. Support from the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) surpasses state limits, since many studies address broader areas and/or establish diverse partnerships with other institutions from outside São Paulo. This is reflected in the taxonomic and geographic scope of the biological collections in the state, since these host specimens/species from different regions of the country, or even from other countries. However, it is worth mentioning that it is not enough to invest in expeditions to enrich the collections without valuing the training of qualified personnel, both for the collections maintenance and for their taxonomic refinement.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2022-1406

Chondrophycus anabeliae and Laurencia digitata (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) are recorded for the first time for Venezuela expanding their geographic distributions beyond the type localities
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Cassano, Valéria

; Soares, Luanda P.

; Vera-Vegas, Beatriz Esther

; Ardito, Sonia

; Gómez, Santiago

; Sentíes, Abel

; Fujii, Mutue T.

Botanical Sciences

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dec 2020, Volume 98 N. 4 Pages 624 - 643

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Background: Over the course of approximately 12 years, the species of the Laurencia complex have been systematically studied in the tropical and subtropical Atlantic Ocean, showing high diversity (48 species), which has been underestimated for the coast of Venezuela. Questions: What is the species diversity of the Laurencia complex in Venezuela? Studied species: Chondrophycus anabeliae, Laurencia digitata. Study site and dates: Cayo Muerto, Parque Nacional Morrocoy, Estado Falcón, Venezuela, 2015. Methods: For molecular studies, the plastid rbcL gene and the mitochondrial DNA barcode marker COI-5P were used, combined with the study of current morpho-anatomical characters used for the identification of the species of the complex. Results: The occurrence of Chondrophycus, as currently circumscribed, was confirmed for the first time for Venezuela. Chondrophycus anabeliae and Laurencia digitata are reported for the first time beyond the type localities. Tetrasporophytes are described for the first time for L. digitata. Conclusions: Our findings expand the geographic distribution of Ch. anabeliae and L. digitata for the Venezuelan Caribbean and the Atlantic Ocean, respectively.

Resumen Antecedentes: A lo largo de aproximadamente 12 años se han estudiado de manera sistemática a las especies del complejo Laurencia en el Océano Atlántico tropical y subtropical, evidenciando una alta diversidad (48 especies), misma que se ha subestimado para la costa de Venezuela. Preguntas: ¿Cuál es la diversidad de especies del complejo Laurencia en Venezuela? Especies de estudio: Chondrophycus anabeliae, Laurencia digitata. Sitio y años de estudio: Cayo Muerto, Parque Nacional Morrocoy, Estado Falcón, Venezuela, 2015. Métodos: Para los estudios moleculares, se utilizaron el gen del plástido rbcL y el marcador mitocondrial del código de barras de ADN, COI-5P, combinado con el estudio de los caracteres morfoanatómicos actuales utilizados para la identificación de las especies del complejo. Resultados: La presencia del género Chondrophycus, como se circunscribe actualmente, se confirmó por primera vez para Venezuela. Chondrophycus anabeliae y Laurencia digitata se registran por primera vez fuera de sus localidades tipo. Los tetrasporofítos se describen por primera vez para L. digitata. Conclusiones: Nuestros hallazgos amplían la distribución geográfica de Ch. anabeliae y L. digitata para el Caribe venezolano y el Océano Atlántico, respectivamente.

https://doi.org/10.17129/botsci.2610 195 downloads

Species diversity and biogeographical patterns of Laurencia sensu stricto (Rhodophyta) in the Atlantic Ocean
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Hernández, Oscar E.

; Sentíes, Abel

; Dreckmann, Kurt M.

; Cassano, Valéria

; Fujii, Mutue T.

Hidrobiológica

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dec 2017, Volume 27 N. 3 Pages 301 - 314

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Background: Recent morphological and phylogenetic studies of Laurencia in the Atlantic Ocean have modified our cu rrent knowledge of the group. Approximately 23% of the worldwide generic diversity has been recorded in this region. Goals: Update the checklist of the Laurencia species in the Atlantic and describe the distribution patterns within the ge nus. Methods: We obtained records of Laurencia species in the Atlantic from a review of the literature and distributional data were used to define areas of endemism through a PAE (Parsimony of Areas of Endemism) analysis. Results: We propose an updated checklist of the 30 currently recognized species of Laurencia in the Atlantic Ocean; this checklist also includes taxonomic synonyms, nomenclatural remarks, and a detailed distribution for each species. The distributional range for the genus in the Atlantic extends from Bermuda and Northern Europe in the North Atlantic to Brazil and South Africa in the South Atlantic. We were able to define four areas of endemism: Brazil with four endemic species, the Gulf of Guinea with four endemic species, the northeastern Atlantic with three endemic species, and South Africa with four endemic species; also documented was one secondary area (Macaronesian Islands) with the endemic species L. viridis. Moreover, 17 of the 30 species of the Atlantic are also distributed in the Indo-Pacific, of which five are amphi-Atlantic species. Conclusions: The patterns found are related to geological events that occurred in the past, a fact that allows us to formulate a vicariance hypothesis about these species biogeographic history. Therefore, future work that will document new species and the clarification of taxonomic problems will allow researchers to continue enriching this hypothesis.

Resumen Antecedentes: Los recientes estudios morfológicos y filogenéticos de Laurencia para el océano Atlántico han modificado el conocimiento actual sobre la diversidad del grupo, registrándose para esta región, aproximadamente el 23% de la diversidad del género a nivel mundial. Objetivos: Actualizar el listado de especies de Laurencia presentes en el Océano Atlántico y definir sus patrones de distribución. Métodos: Se obtuvieron los registros de las especies del género a partir de una revisión bibliográfica, utilizando los datos de distribución para la definición de patrones biogeográficos mediante un análisis de PAE. Resultados: Se propone un listado actualizado que contiene 30 especies de Laurencia reconocidas taxonómicamente para el Océano Atlántico; además se incluyen sinónimos, notas nomenclaturales y la distribución a de talle de cada una de las especies. El intervalo de distribución del género se extiende desde Bermuda y el norte de Europa para el Atlántico Norte, hasta Brasil y Sudáfrica en el Atlántico Sur. Se definieron cuatro áreas de endemismo: Brasil con cuatro especies endémicas, Golfo de Guinea con cuatro especies restringidas, Noreste del Atlántico con tres especies endémicas y Sudáfrica con cuatro especies endémicas; además de un área secundaria (Islas de la Macaronesia) con L. viridis como especie endémica. Por otro lado, 17 de las 30 especies registradas para el Atlántico se distribuyen también en el Indo-Pacífico, de las cuales cinco son especies anfi-Atlánticas. Conclusiones: Los patrones encontrados han sido relacionados con eventos geológicos que han ocurrido en el pasado, permitiendo ofrecer una hipótesis de vicarianza sobre su historia biogeográfica. Por lo tanto, trabajos futuros sobre el reconocimiento de nuevas especies y el esclareci miento de problemas taxonómicos permitirá continuar enriqueciendo dicha hipótesis.

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Morphological and molecular evidence for Osmundea coelenterata comb. nov. (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) from the tropical Atlantic Ocean
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Fujii, Mutue T.

; Sentíes, Abel

; Jover C., Abdiel

; Díaz-Larrea, Jhoana

; Areces, Arsenio

Hidrobiológica

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aug 2016, Volume 26 N. 2 Pages 203 - 211

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: Background: As part of the monographic studies on the Laurencia complex (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) from Cuba, detailed taxonomic research was carried out on Laurencia coelenterata, a diminutive species collected in Santiago de Cuba, in the eastern Cuban archipelago. The vegetative and reproductive features of the species clearly belong to the genus Osmundea, a member of the Laurencia complex: two pericentral cells per each vegetative axial segment, tetrasporangia cut off randomly from cortical cells, and filament-type spermatangial branches. Goals: In this study the morphological characteristics previously unknown to Laurencia coelenterata are shown, and in order that their taxonomic position within the Laurencia complex is discussed. Furthermore, the global geographic distribution of the Osmundea species is analysed. Methods: Morphological and molecular analysis of the rbcL gene sequences were performed allied with the preparation and interpretation of phylogenetic hypotheses. Results: The new morphological analysis of the paratype specimen (# 4451) housed in the Puertorriqueño Marine Herbarium showed that Laurencia coelenterata was incorrectly placed in the genus Laurencia. The phylogenetic position of the present species was inferred by the analysis of the chloroplast-encoded rbcL gene sequences, and the range of the genetic variation found in this analysis also supports the transfer of Laurencia coelenterata to the genus Osmundea, as O. coelenterata (D. L. Ballantine et Aponte) M.T. Fujii, Sentíes et Areces. Conclusions: The morphological and molecular approach in algal taxonomy is allowing consolidate the nomenclatural status of the species, and the new combination for Laurencia coelenterata as Osmundea coelenterata is not an exception.

Resumen: Antecedentes: Como parte de los estudios monográficos sobre el complejo Laurencia (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) en Cuba, se llevó a cabo la recolecta e investigación taxonómica detallada de una pequeña especie Laurencia coelenterata, presente en Santiago de Cuba, región oriental del archipiélago cubano. Los caracteres vegetativos y reproductivos presentes en esta especie y que son exclusivos del género Osmundea (miembro del complejo Laurencia) son: dos células periacentrales por cada segmento axial vegetativo, los tetrasporangios nacen al azar de las células corticales y las ramas espermatangiales son de tipo “filamento”. Objetivos: En este trabajo se describen caracteres morfológicos previamente no conocidos para Laurencia coelenterata y se discute su posición taxonómica dentro del complejo Laurencia. Además se analiza la distribución geográfica global de las especies de Osmundea. Métodos: Se realizaron análisis morfológicos y moleculares de secuencias del gen rbcL. Complementándose con la elaboración e interpretación de las hipótesis filogenéticas. Resultados: El análisis morfológico actual del paratipo (# 4451) resguardado en el Herbario Marino Puertorriqueño mostró que L. coelenterata fue ubicado de manera incorrecta dentro del género Laurencia. La posición filogenética de esta especie fue inferida por secuencias del gene cloroplástico rbcL y el intervalo de variación genética encontrado, también soporta la transferencia de Laurencia coelenterata al género Osmundea, como O. coelenterata (D. L. Ballantine et Aponte) M.T. Fujii, Sentíes et Areces. Conclusiones: La aproximación morfológica y molecular en la taxonomia algal esta permitiendo consolidar el status nomenclatural de las especies, este estudio no es la excepción para la nueva combinación de Osmundea coelenterata.

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Update of the Brazilian floristic list of Algae and Cyanobacteria
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Menezes, Mariângela

; Bicudo, Carlos E. M.

; Moura, Carlos W. N.

; Alves, Aigara M.

; Santos, Alana A.

; Pedrini, Alexandre de G.

; Araújo, Andréa

; Tucci, Andrea

; Fajar, Aurelio

; Malone, Camila

; Kano, Cecília H.

; Sant'Anna, Célia L.

; Branco, Ciro Z.

; Odebrecht, Clarisse

; Peres, Cleto K.

; Neuhaus, Emanuel B.

; Eskinazi-Leça, Enide

; Aquino, Eveline

; Nauer, Fabio

; Santos, Gabriel N.

; Amado Filho, Gilberto M.

; Lyra, Goia M.

; Borges, Gyslaine C.P.

; Costa, Iara O.

; Nogueira, Ina de S.

; Oliveira, Ivania B.

; Paula, Joel. C.de

; Nunes, José M. de C.

; Lima, Jucicleide C.

; Santos, Kleber R.S.

; Ferreira, Leandro C.

; Gestinari, Lísia M.S.

; Cardoso, Luciana S.

; Figueiredo, Marcia A.O.

; Silva, Marcos H.

; Barreto, Maria B.B.B.

; Henriques, Maria C.O.

; Cunha, Maria da G.G.S.

; Bandeira-Pedrosa, Maria E.

; Oliveira-Carvalho, Maria F.

; Széchy, Maria T.M.

; Azevedo, Maria T.P.

; Oliveira, Mariana C. de

; Cabezudo, Mariê M.

; Santiago, Marilene F.

; Bergesh, Marli

; Fujii, Mutuê T.

; Bueno, Norma C.

; Necchi Jr., Orlando

; Jesus, Priscila B.

; Bahia, Ricardo G.

; Khader, Samir

; Alves-da-Silva, Sandra M.

; Guimarães, Silvia M.P.B.

; Pereira, Sonia M.B.

; Caires, Taiara A.

; Meurer, Thamis

; Cassano, Valéria

; Werner, Vera R.

; Gama Jr., Watson A. da

; Silva, Weliton J. da

Rodriguésia

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2015, Volume 66 N. 4 Pages 1047 - 1062

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Apresenta-se uma síntese atualizada de informações sobre algas no Brasil objetivando refinar os dados reunidos até o presente, bem como avaliar os avanços sobre o conhecimento da diversidade de algas no país desde a publicação do Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos do Brasil. Os resultados de 2015 mostraram um acréscimo de 1.250 espécies (35.7%) a um total de 4.747 em relação a 2010. As classes mais diversas em número de espécies foram Bacillariophyceae, Conjugatophyceae, Florideophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Dinophyceae e Euglenophyceae. Bacillariophyceae e Cyanophyceae tiveram o maior acréscimo de espécies no intervalo de cinco anos. A região Sudeste e Sul foram as mais diversas, porém, as regiões Nordeste com os estados do Piauí e Sergipe e Centro-Oeste com os estados de Mato Grosso, Goiás e Distrito Federal destacaram-se no cenário da biodiversidade nacional. Apesar da escassez de taxonomistas e da infraestrutura limitada, os resultados obtidos evidenciaram um avanço significativo no conhecimento da diversidade de algas no país nesse período de cinco anos, iniciando uma mudança quanto as diferenças geográficas regionais.

Abstract An updated synthesis of cyanobacteria and algae information is presented for Brazil aiming to refine the data gathered to date and evaluate the progress of the biodiversity knowledge about these organisms in the country since the publication of the Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos do Brasil. The results of 2015 showed an increase of 1,250 species (35.7%) when compared to 2010, reaching a total of 4,747 species. The most diverse classes in species number were the Bacillariophyceae, Conjugatophyceae, Florideophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Dinophyceae and Euglenophyceae. Bacillariophyceae and Cyanophyceae had the highest increase in species number in the five-year interval. The Southeast and South regions were the most diverse, however, the Northeast, with the states of Piauí and Sergipe, and the Central-west region, with Mato Grosso, Goiás and Distrito Federal, also stood out in the national algal biodiversity scenario. Despite the shortage of taxonomists and limited infrastructure, the results showed a significant improvement in the knowledge regarding the diversity of cyanobacteria and algae in the country during the study period, starting to even out regional geographical differences caused by subsampling.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201566408 4865 downloads

Chemical diversity and antileishmanial activity of crude extracts of Laurencia complex (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) from Brazil
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Machado, Fernanda L. da S.

; Lima, Wallace P.

; Duarte, Heitor M.

; Rossi-Bergmann, Bartira

; Gestinari, Lísia M.

; Fujii, Mutue T.

; Kaiser, Carlos R.

; Soares, Angélica R.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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dec 2014, Volume 24 N. 6 Pages 635 - 643

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Chemical profiles of extracts of four species from Laurencia complex (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) from different populations collected along Southeast Brazilian coast were assessed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with a Diode Array Detector in order to observe geographic chemical variability. Aiming to evaluate the impact of chemical diversity on potential pharmaceutical uses, the extracts were tested against the promastigote form of Leishmania amazonensis. The most active extracts were submitted to anti-amastigote and cytotoxicity assays. Principal Component Analysis of the chromatograms resulted in four major groups of chemical profiles according to the presence of leishmanicidal chamigranes (-)-elatol and obtusol. The existence of chemotypes, displaying variable pharmacological action, is proposed for the differences observed in L. dendroidea samples. Although all extracts were found active against promastigote form of L. amazonensis, their efficacy was remarkably different and not related to the variation of (-)-elatol and obtusol, which indicates the presence of additional compounds with antileishmanial activity. Moreover, the active extracts also displayed anti-amastigote activity and none of them were considered cytotoxic. The results highlight that the knowledge of chemical geographic variability can be valuable in the search of new antileishmanial compounds from marine sources.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2014.10.009 1364 downloads

Morphological and molecular studies on the Brazilian native red seaweed Laurencia oliveirana (Rhodomelaceae, Ceramiales)
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Cassano, Valéria

; Oliveira, Mariana C.

; Gil-Rodríguez, Ma. Candelaria

; Sentíes, Abel

; Díaz-Larrea, Jhoana

; Fujii, Mutue T.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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aug 2012, Volume 22 N. 4 Pages 838 - 849

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Morphological and molecular studies were carried out on Laurencia oliveirana from the type locality (Arraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). This species is easily recognized by its small size, sub-erect habit forming intricate cushion-like tufts and unilateral pectinate branching. The species displays all the typical characters of the genus Laurencia, such as the production of the first pericentral cell underneath the basal cell of the trichoblast, tetrasporangia produced from particular pericentral cells, with the third and fourth pericentral cells becoming fertile, without production of additional pericentral cells, spermatangial branches produced from one of two laterals on the suprabasal cell of trichoblasts, and procarp-bearing segment with five pericentral cells. Details of tetrasporangial plants and development of procarp and male plants are described for the first time for the species. The phylogenetic position of L. oliveirana was inferred by analysis of the chloroplast-encoded rbcL gene sequences from 57 taxa. In all phylogenetic analyses, L. oliveirana grouped with L. caraibica, L. caduciramulosa, L. venusta and L. natalensis, forming a monophyletic clade within the Laurencia sensu stricto. The genetic divergence between L. oliveirana and the molecularly closest species, L. caraiba collected in Brazil, was 2.3%.

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Comparative analysis of the corps en cerise in several species of Laurencia (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) from the Atlantic Ocean
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Fujii, Mutue T.

; Cassano, Valéria

; Sentíes, Abel

; Díaz-Larrea, Jhoana

; Machín-Sánchez, María

; Gil-Rodríguez, Mª. Candelaria

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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aug 2012, Volume 22 N. 4 Pages 795 - 804

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Different species of Laurencia have proven to be a rich source of natural products yielding interesting bioactive halogenated secondary metabolites, such as terpenoids and acetogenins. It is shown that such compounds are accumulated in the spherical, reniform to claviform refractive inclusions called corps en cerise (CC), which are intensively osmiophilic and located mainly in the cortical cells of the thalli and also in trichoblast cells. Up to now, it was believed that CC were present only in these two kinds of cells. Recently, however, a species of Laurencia, L. marilzae, with CC in all cells of the thallus, i.e., cortical, medullary, including the pericentral and axial cells, as well as in the trichoblasts, was described from the Canary Islands, and subsequently also reported to Brazil and Mexico. Within the Laurencia complex, only Laurencia species produce CC. Since the species of Laurencia are targets of interest for the prospection of bioactive substances due to their potential antibacterial, antifungal, anticholinesterasic, antileishmanial, cytotoxic, and antioxidant activities, the present paper carries out a comparative analysis of the corps en cerise in several species of Laurencia from the Atlantic Ocean to obtain basic information that can support natural product bioprospection projects. Our results show that the number and size of the CC are constant within a species, independent of the geographical distribution, corroborating their use for taxonomical purposes to differentiate groups of species that present a lower number from those that have a higher number. In this regard, there was a tendency for the number of CC to be higher in some species of Laurencia from the Canary Islands. The presence of CC can also be used to distinguish species in which these organelles are present in all cells of the thallus from those in which CC are restricted to the cortical cells. Among the species analyzed, L. viridis displayed the most varied secondary metabolites composition, such as sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, triterpenes, all of which showed potent antiviral, cytotoxic, and antitumoral activities, including protein phosphatase type 2A (PP2A) inhibitory effects.

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Effects of temperature, salinity and irradiance on carposporeling development of Hidropuntia caudata (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta)
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Miranda, George E. C. de

; Yokoya, Nair S.

; Fujii, Mutue T.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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aug 2012, Volume 22 N. 4 Pages 818 - 824

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The success of seaweed cultivation depends on the scientific control of the tolerance limits and the optimal physiological conditions that affect the spore germination and the early development of algal species. In order to establish cultivation techniques for spores of Hidropuntia caudata (J. Agardh) Gurgel & Fredericq, the effects of irradiance, salinity, and temperature on the carpospore germination and carposporeling development were evaluated under laboratory conditions. Five photon flux densities (PFD, from 18 to 200 µmol photons m-2s-1), six salinity values (from 7 to 55 psu), and four temperatures (from 20 ºC to 35 ºC) were investigated. The level of irradiance caused significant differences in the growth, in the following order: 200±5 > 100±5 <img border=0 width=32 height=32 id="_x0000_i1038" src="../../../../../../img/revistas/rbfar/2012nahead/aop08312img01.jpg">62.5±2.5 > 30±1.5 > 18±1 µmol of photons m-2s-1, but they did not inhibit the carposporeling development. Maximum growth occurred under 35 psu, while at 15 psu the formation of carposporeling erect axis was limited. The optimal temperature for growth was 25 ºC, while at 35 ºC the spores died. These results show the importance of previous knowledge on the tolerance limits and optimal conditions for sporeling development of H. caudata for the implementation of an aquaculture program.

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10.

Influence of tourist activity on the diversity of seaweed from reefs in Maracajaú, Atlantic Ocean, Northeast Brazil
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Silva, Ingrid B.

; Fujii, Mutue T.

; Marinho-Soriano, Eliane

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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aug 2012, Volume 22 N. 4 Pages 889 - 893

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The worldwide increase in recreational activities and marine tourism is reason for concern due to its impact on reef environments. In order to assess the effect of tourism on the reef area in Maracajaú (Northeast Brazil), a study was conducted based on the presence of different seaweed species. A region of intense tourist activity was chosen, and another where tourism is prohibited. Result comparison used richness (S), biomass, diversity (H), and dominance (D), as well as an analysis of similarity between samples. Both areas exhibited differences in specific composition, biomass, diversity, richness and seaweed dominance. The highest values for biomass, richness and diversity were recorded in the tourism-free region, while the greatest dominance rates were found in the area of intense tourist activity. The latter was characterized by the dominant presence of Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskål) J. Agardh (Chlorophyta) and turf algae. These characteristics are a clear indication that the reef area subject to heavy tourist activity is undergoing degradation.

2681 downloads

11.

Characterization of volatile composition of Laurencia dendroidea by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
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Gressler, Vanessa

; Fujii, Mutue T.

; Colepicolo, Pio

; Pinto, Ernani

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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aug 2012, Volume 22 N. 4 Pages 805 - 813

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

In this study we report the characterization of the volatile compounds of Laurencia dendroidea. Solvent extracts (dichloromethane and methanol), hydrodistillation extracts and headspace solid-phase microextraction samples were obtained and analyzed by GC-MS. Forty-six volatile components were identified in L. dendroidea, among them hydrocarbons, alcohols, phenols, aldehydes, ketones, acids, esters and terpenes.

5933 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

12.

Screening for antifungal activities of extracts of the brazilian seaweed genus Laurencia (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta)
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Stein, Erika M.

; Colepicolo, Pio

; Afonso, Felipe A. K.

; Fujii, Mutue T.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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apr 2011, Volume 21 N. 2 Pages 290 - 295

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The resistance of pathogens to commonly used antibiotics has enhanced morbidity and mortality and has triggered the search for new drugs. Several species of the red alga genus Laurencia are very interesting candidates as potential sources of natural products with pharmaceutical activity because they are known to produce a wide range of chemically interesting halogenated secondary metabolites. This is an initial report of the antifungal activities of the secondary metabolites of five species of Laurencia, collected in the state of Espírito Santo, against three strains of pathogenic fungi: Candida albicans (CA), Candida parapsilosis (CP), and Cryptococcus neoformans (CN). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the algal extracts were determined by serial dilution method in RPMI 1640 Medium in 96-well plates according to the NCCLS and microbial growth was determined by absorbance at 492nm. A result showing maintenance or reduction of the inoculum was defined as fungistatic, while fungicidal action was no observed growth in the 10 µL fungistatic samples subcultured in Sabouraud Agar. Our results indicate that apolar extracts of Laurencia species possess antifungal properties and encourage continued research to find new drugs for therapy of infectious diseases in these algae.

3406 downloads

13.

Search for cytotoxic agents in multiple Laurencia complex seaweed species (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) harvested from the Atlantic Ocean with emphasis on the Brazilian State of Espírito Santo
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Stein, Erika M.

; Andreguetti, Daniel X.

; Rocha, Cleidiane S.

; Fujii, Mutue T.

; Baptista, Mauricio S.

; Colepicolo, Pio

; Indig, Guilherme L.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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apr 2011, Volume 21 N. 2 Pages 239 - 243

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The development of new anti-cancer drugs of algal origin represents one of the least explored frontiers in medicinal chemistry. In this regard, the diversity of micro- and macroalgae found in Brazilian coastal waters can be viewed as a largely untapped natural resource. In this report, we describe a comparative study on the cytotoxic properties of extracts obtained from the Laurencia complex: Laurencia aldingensis, L. catarinensis, L. dendroidea, L. intricata, L. translucida, L. sp, and Palisada flagellifera. All of these species were collected in the coastal waters of the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Four out of the twelve samples initially investigated were found to show significant levels of toxicity towards a model tumor cell line (human uterine sarcoma, MES-SA). The highest levels of cytotoxicity were typically associated with non-polar (hexane) algal extracts, while the lowest levels of cytotoxicity were found with the corresponding polar (methanol) extracts. In this report, we also describe a biological model currently in development that will not only facilitate the search for new anti-cancer drug candidates of algal origin, but also permit the identification of compounds capable of inducing the destruction of multi-drug resistant tumors with greater efficiency than the pharmaceuticals currently in clinical use.

2429 downloads

14.

Sesquiterpenes from the essential oil of Laurencia dendroidea (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta): isolation, biological activities and distribution among seaweeds
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Gressler, Vanessa

; Stein, Érika M.

; Dörr, Fabiane

; Fujii, Mutue T.

; Colepicolo, Pio

; Pinto, Ernani

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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apr 2011, Volume 21 N. 2 Pages 248 - 254

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Two known sesquiterpenes (1R*,2S*,3R*,5S*,8S*,9R*)-2,3,5,9-tetramethyltricyclo[6.3.0.0(1,5)]undecan-2-ol and (1S*,2S*,3S*,5S*,8S*,9S*)-2,3,5,9-tetramethyltricyclo-[6.3.0.0(1,5)]undecan-2-ol were isolated for the first time from the essential oil of the red seaweed Laurencia dendroidea collected in the Brazilian coast. These compounds were not active against eight bacteria strains and the yeast Candida albicans, but showed some antioxidant activity. Both compounds were also found in other seaweed species showing that they are not exclusive taxonomic markers to the genus Laurencia.

3369 downloads Cited 5 times in SciELO

15.

Overview of the taxonomy and of the major secondary metabolites and their biological activities related to human health of the Laurencia complex (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) from Brazil
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Fujii, Mutue T.

; Cassano, Valéria

; Stein, Érika M.

; Carvalho, Luciana R.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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apr 2011, Volume 21 N. 2 Pages 268 - 282

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

In Brazil, the Laurencia complex is represented by twenty taxa: Laurencia s.s. with twelve species, Palisada with four species (including Chondrophycus furcatus now that the proposal of its transference to Palisada is in process), and Osmundea and Yuzurua with two species each. The majority of the Brazilian species of the Laurencia complex have been phylogenetically analyzed by 54 rbcL sequences, including five other Rhodomelacean species as outgroups. The analysis showed that the Laurencia complex is monophyletic with high posterior probability value. The complex was separated into five clades, corresponding to the genera: Chondrophycus, Laurencia, Osmundea, Palisada, and Yuzurua. A bibliographical survey of the terpenoids produced by Brazilian species showed that only six species of Laurencia and five of Palisada (including C. furcatcus) have been submitted to chemical analysis with 48 terpenoids (47 sesquiterpenes and one triterpene) isolated. No diterpenes were found. Of the total, 23 sesquiterpenes belong to the bisabolane class and eighteen to the chamigrene type, whose biochemical precursor is bisabolane, two are derived from lauranes and four are triquinols. Despite the considerable number of known terpenes and their ecological and pharmacological importance, few experimental biological studies have been performed. In this review, only bioactivities related to human health were considered.

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