Pesquisa | SciELO

Capillary electromigration techniques can be understood as the ones used to separate neutral compounds, solvated ions and ionized species, considering the differentiated migration among them when an electrical field is applied within a capillary column filled with a background electrolyte. Several existing capillary electrophoresis setups provide the possibility of developing reliable quantitative assays of inorganic ions, organic acids, fatty acids, amino acids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, proteins, hormones, vitamins, macromolecules, and more. Therefore, given the chemical complexity of bodily fluid matrices, capillary electrophoresis (CE) and its variations present themselves as an advantageous strategy for enhancing traditional clinical diagnostic methods and for the development of new ones. The recent advances in the study of the human metabolome associated with technological improvements towards medical applications make CE a very useful and versatile technique for clinical laboratory assays. Within this context, this review has the purpose of presenting some traditional methods used for exams of blood, urine, saliva, feces, and sweat, and how CE can be implemented as a real alternative to enable faster, automated, and cost-effective analysis with a comprehensive perspective that shall result in better diagnostic possibilities for patients, being a powerful tool for helping physicians on the precision medicine achievements. compounds species electrolyte acids carbohydrates proteins hormones vitamins macromolecules more Therefore matrices (CE context blood urine saliva feces sweat faster automated costeffective cost effective patients achievements

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230096

Pre-slaughter management in Northeast Brazil and the effects on thermophysiological indicators in pigs and pH45
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Melo, Kilvia K. de S. V.

; Machado, Nítalo A. F.

; Barbosa Filho, José A. D.

; Peixoto, Maria S. M.

; Andrade, Ana P. C. de

; Costa, Jennifer A. da

; Oliveira, Ana B. A.

; Sales, João J. de M.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Abr 2023, Volume 27 Nº 4 Páginas 287 - 292

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Práticas inadequadas de manejo antes do abate podem comprometer o bem-estar animal e a qualidade da carne suína. Este estudo visou avaliar os efeitos do período de transporte (TT), período de descarga (TD), e período de pré-abate (TE) nos indicadores termofisiológicos animais e no pH da carne suína, utilizando uma abordagem multivariada. Este estudo foi realizado num matadouro localizado em Aquiraz, Ceará, Brasil. Um total de 60 suínos mestiços com 107 ± 5 kg de peso corporal foram distribuídos em três grupos experimentais: grupo A (TT = 180 min, TD ≤ 10 min, e TE = 24 horas), grupo B (TT = 60 min, TD ≤ 15 min, e TE = 18 horas), e grupo C (TT = 45 min, TD ≤ 5 min, e TE = 24 horas). A análise discriminante canônica foi implementada e as diferenças entre tratamentos são representadas graficamente. Os dois primeiros componentes foram responsáveis por 97% dos tratamentos. A análise discriminante mostrou que o grupo C apresentou diferenças multivariadas em relação aos outros, particularmente com temperatura retal elevada antes do abate (38,4 ± 0,23 °C) e frequência respiratória (131 ± 7,0 respirações min-1) e temperatura retal (39,7 ± 0,18 °C) à chegada ao matadouro. O período de transporte (TT), período de descarga (TD) e o stress térmico das instalações influenciaram variáveis fisiológicas, tais como a temperatura retal e a frequência respiratória. Além disso, as variáveis de estresse fisiológico também favoreceram cortes com pH básico, resultando em perda de qualidade.

ABSTRACT Inadequate pre-slaughter handling practices may compromise animal welfare and pork quality. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of transport period (TT), unloading period (UT), and pre-slaughtering period (WT) on animal thermophysiological indicators and pork pH using a multivariate approach. This study was conducted in a slaughterhouse located in Aquiraz, Ceará state, Brazil. A total of 60 mestizo pigs with 107 ± 5 kg body weight were distributed into three experimental groups: group A (TT = 180 min, UT ≤ 10 min, and WT = 24 hours), group B (TT = 60 min, UT ≤ 15 min, and WT = 18 hours), and group C (TT = 45 min, UT ≤ 5 min, and WT = 24 hours). Canonical discriminant analysis was implemented and the differences between treatments are represented graphically. The first two components accounted for 97% treatments. The discriminant analysis showed that group C presented multivariate differences in relation to others, particularly with high rectal temperature before slaughter (38.4 ± 0.23 °C) and respiratory rate (131 ± 7.0 breaths min-1) and rectal temperature (39.7 ± 0.18 °C) upon arrival at the slaughterhouse. Transport period (TT), unloading period (UT), and thermal stress of the facilities influenced physiological variables, such as rectal temperature and respiratory rate. Furthermore, the physiological stress variables also favored cuts with basic pH, resulting in quality loss.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n4p287-292

Honey of Tetragonisca angustula from Southwestern Bahia: Influence of Seasonality on the Physicochemical Profile and Glioma Cell Inhibitory Effect
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Ferreira, Adrianne B.

; Novaes, Cleber G.

; Jesus, Hion O. de

; Borges, Julita Maria P.

; Ramos, Florisvaldo S.

; Pereira, Anderson J.

; Oliveira, Djalma M. de

; Aguiar, Rosane M.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Jan 2023, Volume 34 Nº 1 Páginas 135 - 145

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

This study aims to analyze Tetragonisca angustula honey from southwestern Bahia for its physicochemical characteristics, phenolic compounds and glioma cell inhibitory effect, in samples from different periods of the year, dry (DP) and rainy (RP) period. The analyses showed that samples obtained in the DP and RP are statistically different for the physicochemical profile (p < 0.05). DP honey has a darker color, greater acidity, content of reducing sugars and ash and lower moisture, when compared to RP. The content of total phenolics and flavonoids was determined spectrometrically, using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and reaction with aluminum chloride, respectively, and there was no statistical difference between the samples (p > 0.05). For the extraction of phenolic compounds, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction was used, besides analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV), which identified chlorogenic acid and quantified caffeic acid and rutin (1.7723 and 0.9384 μg 100 mg-1 honey, respectively). Glioma cell inhibition effect lines were observed for DP at concentrations 1000 ng mL-1 of honey. Principal component analysis (PCA) proposes the physicochemical parameters as the main distinguishing factors between the DP and RP samples. DP samples showed similarity for the parameters ash content, acidity and reducing sugars and the samples of the RP had consonance between pH and moisture.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220095

Neonatal screening for spinal muscular atrophy: A pilot study in Brazil
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Oliveira Netto, Alice Brinckmann

; Brusius-Facchin, Ana Carolina

; Lemos, Júlia F.

; Pasetto, Fernanda B.

; Brasil, Carolina S.

; Trapp, Franciele B.

; Saute, Jonas Alex Morales

; Donis, Karina Carvalho

; Becker, Michele Michelin

; Wiest, Paloma

; Coutinho, Vivian L. S.

; Castro, Simone

; Ferreira, Juliana

; Silveira, Cynthia

; Bittar, Maria Fernanda R.

; Wang, Cristina

; Lana, Janaina M.

; França Junior, Marcondes Cavalcante

; Giugliani, Roberto

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2023, Volume 46 Nº 3 elocation e20230126

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is considered one of the most common autosomal recessive disorders, with an estimated incidence of 1 in 10,000 live births. Testing for SMA has been recommended for inclusion in neonatal screening (NBS) panels since there are several therapies available and there is evidence of greater efficacy when introduced in the pre/early symptomatic phases. In Brazil, the National Neonatal Screening Program tests for six diseases, with a new law issued in 2021 stating that it should incorporate more diseases, including SMA. In the present study, dried blood spot (DBS) samples collected by the Reference Services of Neonatal Screening of RS and SP, to perform the conventional test were also screened for SMA, using real-time PCR, with SALSA MC002 technique. A total of 40,000 samples were analyzed, enabling the identification of four positive cases of SMA, that were confirmed by MLPA. Considering our sampling, Brazil seems to have an incidence comparable to the described in other regions. This work demonstrated that the use of the MC002 technique in samples routinely collected for the conventional NBS program is suitable to screen for SMA in our conditions and can be included in the expansion of the neonatal screening programs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2023-0126

Healthcare workers exposed to COVID-19 patients present an inflammatory status and Th2/Th17/Th22 immune profile: findings from before vaccine application in Brazil
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AQUINO, RODRIGO CESAR A. DE

; BARROS, BÁRBARA RAFAELA S.

; SILVA, GUILHERME ANTONIO S.

; SOUSA, GEORON F. DE

; SOUZA, EDSON B. DE

; SILVA, DYEGO R.C.

; NASCIMENTO, ARIONE V. DO

; SÁ, IGOR W.A. DE

; LIMA, ELKER L.S. DE

; SILVA, BÁRBARA O.

; LIMA, LUÍSA P.O. DE

; VIEIRA, AMANDA M.

; BARBOSA NETO, ADAUTO G.

; MARCOS, BIANCA F. SÃO

; SILVA, ANNA JÉSSICA D.

; OLIVEIRA, TALITA HELENA ARAÚJO DE

; CARVALHO, BRUNO M.

; MUNIZ, MARIA TEREZA C.

; FREITAS, ANTONIO CARLOS DE

; CAMPELO JÚNIOR, EVÔNIO B.

; MELO, CRISTIANE M.L. DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Supl. 1 elocation e20220502

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Healthcare workers present an increased risk of contagion for the SARS-CoV-2 virus due to their labor exposure. Here, we describe the clinical, laboratory, and immunological characteristics of healthcare workers, before vaccine application, exposed to SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. We collected sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory information from 50 professionals who worked during the COVID-19 pandemic at the Clinical Hospital of the Northwest in Brazil. The results showed that most workers are women, over 50 years old, and worked as nursing technicians. Approximately 56% of workers were positive for a previous infection by RT-PCR and/or anti-SARS-CoV-2-immunoglobulin tests. Increased levels of hematocrit, neutrophils, NK lymphocytes, and fibrinogen, were found in positive healthcare workers, suggesting a light inflammatory status. The immunological findings showed an increase in IL-17 production and a Th2/Th17/Th22 profile followed by high serology for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG. Those data reveal the importance of studies with healthcare workers to investigate if the continuous exposition to the virus may result in chronic activation of the immune system and/or pulmonary inflammation in this target group.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320220502

Vagal indigestion in mini-cattle
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Ferreira, Lucas V.O.

; Lourenço, Maria L.G.

; Takahira, Regina K.

; Alonso, Juliana M.

; Oliveira-Filho, José P.

; Borges, Alexandre S.

; Chiacchio, Simone B.

; Amorim, Rogério M.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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2023, Volume 43 elocation e07240

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT: Vagal indigestion (VI) is a digestive disorder characterized by the dysfunction of the vagus nerve. This disorder leads to changes in forestomach motility. The causes of VI are varied. Failure to transport digestive contents may occur due to mechanical obstruction or a neurogenic origin. There are few reports in the literature regarding this disease in mini-cattle. These cattle seem to be predisposed to the development of VI. The aim of the present study was to analyze the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and electrocardiographic aspects of mini-cattle diagnosed with VI. The medical records of nine mini-cattle diagnosed with VI were retrospectively reviewed. Mini-cattle were referred to the Large Animal Hospital in Botucatu, Brazil, from 2002 to 2021. It was observed that VI affected young mini-cattle. The predominant clinical manifestations were intermittent gas ruminoreticular tympanism with increased volume in the left paralumbar fossa and increased volume in the right ventral region (apple/pear aspect), hypomotility in ruminal auscultation and the presence of pasty stools. The mean heart rate of the animals was 75 beats per minute. In one case, bradycardia was observed by electrocardiogram and Holter monitor system. In this case, the predominance of parasympathetic activity of the autonomic nervous system was observed. The main hematological findings were leukocytosis and lymphocytosis. The therapeutic approach included ruminal fistulation and the implantation of a permanent rumen cannula. All animals undergoing the procedure were discharged with daily care instructions.

RESUMO: A indigestão vagal (IV) é um distúrbio digestivo caracterizado pela disfunção do nervo vago. Esse distúrbio leva a alterações na motilidade dos pré-estômagos. As causas da IV são variadas. A falha no transporte do conteúdo digestivo pode ocorrer por obstrução mecânica ou pode ser de origem neurogênica. Há poucos relatos na literatura a respeito dessa enfermidade em mini-bovinos. Esses bovinos parecem estar predispostos ao desenvolvimento de IV. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar os aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos, laboratoriais e eletrocardiográficos de mini-bovinos diagnosticados com IV. Os prontuários de nove mini-bovinos diagnosticados com IV foram revisados retrospectivamente. Os mini-bovinos foram encaminhados ao Hospital de Grandes Animais de Botucatu, Brasil, de 2002 a 2021. Observou-se que a IV acometeu mini-bovinos jovens. As manifestações clínicas predominantes foram timpanismo ruminoreticular gasoso intermitente com aumento de volume na fossa paralombar esquerda e aumento de volume na região ventral direita (aspecto maçã/pêra), hipomotilidade na ausculta ruminal e presença de fezes pastosas. A frequência cardíaca média dos animais foi de 75 batimentos por minuto. Em um caso, foi observada bradicardia por meio do eletrocardiograma e do sistema Holter. Neste caso observou-se a predominância da atividade parassimpática do sistema nervoso autônomo. Os principais achados hematológicos foram leucocitose e linfocitose. A abordagem terapêutica incluiu fistulação ruminal e implante de cânula ruminal permanente. Todos os animais submetidos ao procedimento receberam alta hospitalar com orientações de cuidados diários.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-7240

Effects of corn straw on meat characteristics of lambs in the Brazilian semi-arid region
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OLIVEIRA, ANA B. DE

; PAULA, TALITA A. DE

; SOUSA, WANDRICK HAUSS DE

; FERREIRA, MARCELO A.

; CARTAXO, FELIPE Q.

; CEZAR, MARCÍLIO F.

; NEVES, MARIA LUCIANA M. WANDERLEY

; BARRETO, LÍGIA MARIA G.

; OLIVEIRA, FLÁVIO G. DE

; GOMES, RAYANE N.

; VÉRAS, ANTONIA SHERLÂNEA C.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Nº 4 elocation e20200395

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of increasing levels of corn straw replacement of sorghum silage on average daily gain, loin eye area, subcutaneous fat thickness, weight of commercial cuts, leg tissue composition, and physico-chemical characteristics of the meat from F1 Santa Inês × Dorper lambs maintained in a feedlot system. Treatments consisted of 0, 33, 66 and 100% corn straw replacement of sorghum silage. There were thirty-six 150-day-old male lambs. Corn straw replacement of sorghum silage in lamb feed reduced the average daily gain and weight of the ribs, besides promoting a quadratic influence on leg fat content. However, there was no influence on commercial carcass cuts, leg muscle index, leg tissue composition, and physico-chemical characteristics of the meat. Thus, corn straw can be used as alternative feedstuff for sheep rations to improve the production of high-quality sheep meat in semi-arid regions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320200395

Surgical rehabilitation of cleft lip and/or palate: evaluation of the Brazilian public health system
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Silveira, Denise Maria M. L. da

; Martelli, Daniella Reis B.

; Dias, Verônica Oliveira

; Silveira, Mário Sérgio Costa da

; Almeida, Ianná Luana Freitas

; Martelli Júnior, Hercílio

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

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Dez 2022, Volume 88 Páginas 126 - 132

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the surgical rehabilitation of cleft lip and/or palate by the Brazilian public health system. Methods: Retrospective, analytical and comparative ecological study, with information on hospital procedures performed on individuals with cleft lip and/or palate in Centers authorized by the Brazilian public health system, between the years 2008 and 2020. The information was collected in databases Ministry of Health data. Results: Between 2008 and 2020, there was an increase of 8 (36.4%) qualified Centers in Brazil, currently having 30 Centers in 100% of the geographic regions. The surgical procedures performed totaled 68,716; with multiple surgeries being the most frequent. Complete cleft lip and palate was the most frequent type in hospital admissions. The public financial resources invested in the surgical rehabilitation of cleft lip and palate in the qualified Lip and Palate Malformation Treatment Centers were US$ 39,693 million, making an average value per procedure of US$ 577.64. Conclusions: In Brazil, public health system performed and financed, over the years 2008 and 2020, an important volume of surgical procedures for cleft lip and/or palate, which presented a polarization in the Southeast region but with a slight tendency expansion to other regions of the country. The most performed surgical procedures were multiple surgeries and mostly for individuals with cleft lip and palate. The amounts paid showed a heretogeneous distribution in the national territory. Level of evidence: Level 5: Report containing program evaluation data.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2022.05.008

Organic matter and shading on ion accumulation in soil cultivated with noni under salinity
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Souza, Maria C. M. R. de

; Oliveira, Letícia K. B. de

; Costa, Rafael S. da

; Menezes, Ademir S.

; Amorim, Aiala V.

; Lacerda, Claudivan F. de

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Nov 2022, Volume 26 Nº 11 Páginas 780 - 788

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência da matéria orgânica no acúmulo de sais em três camadas de solo cultivado com plantas de noni irrigadas com água salobra, em condições de campo aberto e sombreamento parcial. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, disposto no esquema de parcelas subsubdivididas com cinco repetições. As parcelas foram constituídas pelos ambientes de cultivo (campo aberto e telado), as subparcelas pelas condutividades elétricas da água de irrigação (0,3; 1,5; 3,0; 4,5 e 6,0 dS m-1) e as subsubparcelas pela ausência e presença de matéria orgânica. Aos 110 dias após aplicação dos tratamentos, foram determinados a condutividade elétrica do extrato de saturação do solo e as concentrações de potássio, sódio, cálcio e magnésio em três camadas do solo (0-10, 10-20 e 20-30 cm). O sombreamento parcial reduziu o acúmulo total de sais e sódio no solo em relação ao campo aberto. O aumento da condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação reduziu as concentrações de potássio no solo, mas esse efeito foi compensado pela adição de matéria orgânica, que libera potássio, cálcio e magnésio para a nutrição das plantas. No entanto, o esterco bovino provoca acúmulo de sódio no solo nos tratamentos com maior salinidade da água.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the influence of organic matter on the salt accumulation in three layers of soil cultivated with noni plants irrigated with brackish water, in open field and under partial shading conditions. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, arranged in a split-split-plot scheme with five replicates. The plots were constituted by the cultivation environments (open and shaded field), the subplots by the electrical conductivity of the irrigation water (0.3, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0 dS m-1), and the sub-subplots by the absence and presence of organic matter. At 110 days after application of the treatments, the electrical conductivity of the saturation extract and the potassium, sodium, calcium, and magnesium concentrations were determined in three soil layers (0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm). Partial shading reduced the total accumulation of salts and sodium in the soil compared to the open field. Increasing the electrical conductivity of irrigation water reduced potassium concentrations in the soil, but this effect is offset by the addition of organic matter, which releases potassium, calcium, and magnesium for plant nutrition. However, cattle manure increases sodium accumulation in the soil in treatments with the highest water salinity.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n11p780-788

10.

[SciELO Preprints] - Guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology on Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Chagas Disease Cardiomyopathy
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Marin-Neto, José Antonio Rassi Jr., Anis Moraes Oliveira, Gláucia M. Lemos Correia, Luís Claudio Novaes Ramos Jr., Alberto Hasslocher-Moreno, Alejandro Marcel Luquetti Ostermayer, Alejandro Sousa, Andréa Silvestre de Amato Vincenzo de Paola, Angelo Sobral de Sousa, Antonio Carlos Pinho Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz Correia Filho, Dalmo Moraes de Souza, Dilma do Socorro Cunha-Neto, Edecio J. A. Ramires, Felix Bacal, Fernando Pereira Nunes, Maria do Carmo Martinelli Filho, Martino Ibrahim Scanavacca, Maurício Magalhães Saraiva, Roberto Alves de Oliveira Júnior, Wilson M. Lorga-Filho, Adalberto de Jesus Benevides de Almeida Guimarães, Adriana Lopes Latado Braga, Adriana Sarmento de Oliveira, Adriana V. L. Sarabanda, Alvaro Yecê das Neves Pinto, Ana Assis Lopes do Carmo, André Schmidt, André Costa, Andréa Rodrigues da Ianni, Barbara Maria Markman Filho, Brivaldo Eduardo Rochitte, Carlos Thé Macedo, Carolina Mady, Charles Chevillard, Christophe Bittencourt das Virgens, Cláudio Marcelo Nery de Castro, Cleudson De Paoli de Carvalho Britto, Constança Felícia Pisani, Cristiano do Carmo Rassi, Daniela C. Sobral Filho, Dario Rodrigues Almeida, Dirceu A. Bocchi, Edimar T. Mesquita, Evandro de Souza Nogueira Sardinha Mendes, Fernanda Pereira, Francisca Tatiana Sperandio da Silva, Gilberto Marcelo de Lima Peixoto, Giselle Glotz de Lima, Gustavo H. Veloso, Henrique Turin Moreira, Henrique Bellotti Lopes, Hugo Masciarelli Francisco Pinto, Ibraim Pinto Dias, João Carlos Bemfica, João Marcos Silva-Nunes, João Paulo Soares Barreto-Filho, José Augusto Kerr Saraiva, José Francisco Lannes-Vieira, Joseli Menezes Oliveira, Joselina Luzia V. Armaganijan, Luciana Martins, Luiz Cláudio C. Sangenis, Luiz Henrique Barbosa, Marco Paulo Almeida-Santos, Marcos Antônio Simões, Marcos Vinicius Shikanai-Yasuda, Maria Aparecida Vieira Moreira, Maria da Consolação Higuchi, Maria de Lourdes Costa Monteiro, Maria Rita de Cássia Felix Mediano, Mauro Felippe Maia Lima, Mayara T. Oliveira, Maykon Moreira Dias Romano , Minna Nitz, Nadjar de Tarso Jorge Medeiros, Paulo Vieira Alves, Renato Alkmim Teixeira, Ricardo Coury Pedrosa, Roberto Aras, Roque Morais Torres, Rosália dos Santos Povoa, Rui Manoel Rassi, Sérgio Gabriel Salles Xavier, Sérgio Marinho Martins Alves , Silvia B. N. Tavares, Suelene Lima Palmeira, Swamy da Silva Junior, Telêmaco Luiz da Rocha Rodrigues, Thiago Madrini Junior, Vagner Maia da Costa , Veruska Dutra, Walderez

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Data de publicação: 2022-10-11

Resumo: En Pt

This guideline aimed to update the concepts and formulate the standards of conduct and scientific evidence that support them, regarding the diagnosis and treatment of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, with special emphasis on the rationality base that supported it.nbsp; Chagas disease in the 21st century maintains an epidemiological pattern of endemicity in 21 Latin American countries. Researchers and managers from endemic and non-endemic countries point to the need to adopt comprehensive public health policies to effectively control the interhuman transmission of T. cruzi infection, and to obtain an optimized level of care for already infected individuals, focusing on diagnostic and therapeutic opportunistic opportunities. nbsp; Pathogenic and pathophysiological mechanisms of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease were revisited after in-depth updating and the notion that necrosis and fibrosis are stimulated by tissue parasitic persistence and adverse immune reaction, as fundamental mechanisms, assisted by autonomic and microvascular disorders, was well established. Some of them have recently formed potential targets of therapies.nbsp; The natural history of the acute and chronic phases was reviewed, with enhancement for oral transmission, indeterminate form and chronic syndromes. Recent meta-analyses of observational studies have estimated the risk of evolution from acute and indeterminate forms and mortality after chronic cardiomyopathy. Therapeutic approaches applicable to individuals with Indeterminate form of Chagas disease were specifically addressed. All methods to detect structural and/or functional alterations with various cardiac imaging techniques were also reviewed, with recommendations for use in various clinical scenarios. Mortality risk stratification based on the Rassi score, with recent studies of its application, was complemented by methods that detect myocardial fibrosis.nbsp; The current methodology for etiological diagnosis and the consequent implications of trypanonomic treatment deserved a comprehensive and in-depth approach. Also the treatment of patients at risk or with heart failure, arrhythmias and thromboembolic events, based on pharmacological and complementary resources, received special attention. Additional chapters supported the conducts applicable to several special contexts, including t. cruzi/HIV co-infection, risk during surgeries, in pregnant women, in the reactivation of infection after heart transplantation, and others.nbsp; nbsp;nbsp; Finally, two chapters of great social significance, addressing the structuring of specialized services to care for individuals with the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, and reviewing the concepts of severe heart disease and its medical-labor implications completed this guideline.

Esta diretriz teve como objetivo principal atualizar os conceitos e formular as normas de conduta e evidências científicas que as suportam, quanto ao diagnóstico e tratamento da CDC, com especial ênfase na base de racionalidade que a embasou. A DC no século XXI mantém padrão epidemiológico de endemicidade em 21 países da América Latina. Investigadores e gestores de países endêmicos e não endêmicos indigitam a necessidade de se adotarem políticas abrangentes, de saúde pública, para controle eficaz da transmissão inter-humanos da infecção pelo T. cruzi, e obter-se nível otimizado de atendimento aos indivíduos já infectados, com foco em oportunização diagnóstica e terapêutica. Mecanismos patogênicos e fisiopatológicos da CDC foram revisitados após atualização aprofundada e ficou bem consolidada a noção de que necrose e fibrose sejam estimuladas pela persistência parasitária tissular e reação imune adversa, como mecanismos fundamentais, coadjuvados por distúrbios autonômicos e microvasculares. Alguns deles recentemente constituíram alvos potenciais de terapêuticas. A história natural das fases aguda e crônica foi revista, com realce para a transmissão oral, a forma indeterminada e as síndromes crônicas. Metanálises recentes de estudos observacionais estimaram o risco de evolução a partir das formas aguda e indeterminada e de mortalidade após instalação da cardiomiopatia crônica. Condutas terapêuticas aplicáveis aos indivíduos com a FIDC foram abordadas especificamente. Todos os métodos para detectar alterações estruturais e/ou funcionais com variadas técnicas de imageamento cardíaco também foram revisados, com recomendações de uso nos vários cenários clínicos. Estratificação de risco de mortalidade fundamentada no escore de Rassi, com estudos recentes de sua aplicação, foi complementada por métodos que detectam fibrose miocárdica. A metodologia atual para diagnóstico etiológico e as consequentes implicações do tratamento tripanossomicida mereceram enfoque abrangente e aprofundado. Também o tratamento de pacientes em risco ou com insuficiência cardíaca, arritmias e eventos tromboembólicos, baseado em recursos farmacológicos e complementares, recebeu especial atenção. Capítulos suplementares subsidiaram as condutas aplicáveis a diversos contextos especiais, entre eles o da co-infecção por T. cruzi/HIV, risco durante cirurgias, em grávidas, na reativação da infecção após transplante cardíacos, e outros.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Por fim, dois capítulos de grande significado social, abordando a estruturação de serviços especializados para atendimento aos indivíduos com a CDC, e revisando os conceitos de cardiopatia grave e suas implicações médico-trabalhistas completaram esta diretriz.nbsp;

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.4820

11.

Biologically Active Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Produced by Rhizospheric Actinobacteria Strains Inhibit the Growth of the Phytopathogen Colletotrichum musae
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Brito, Maria V. de

; Fonseca, Wéverson L.

; Mafezoli, Jair

; Barbosa, Francisco G.

; Nunes, Fátima M.

; Mattos, Marcos C. de

; Santos, João E. A. dos

; Araujo, Francisca S. A.

; Vieira, Regimara F. B. S.

; Magalhães, Hilton C. R.

; Muniz, Celli R.

; Garruti, Deborah S.

; Ootani, Marcio A.

; Souza Netto, José M.

; Pinto, Licarion

; Viana, Francisco M. P.

; Oliveira, Maria C. F.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Out 2022, Volume 33 Nº 10 Páginas 1172 - 1189

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The antifungal potential of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by actinobacterial strains Streptomyces sp. (ACTB-77) and Amycolatopsis sp. (ACTB-290) from the rhizosphere of Caatinga plants against Colletotrichum musae was investigated. VOCs produced by these microorganisms (axenic and co-culture) were investigated using headspace-solid phase micro-extraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Although no exclusive VOC peaks were observed in the co-culture with ACTB-77, the same experiment involving ACTB-290 yielded five new peaks, including two identified alcohols, suggested as bioreductive products of the corresponding ketones by the fungus. Statistical analysis revealed that co-culture ACTB-77/C. musae has a closer similarity to the fungus than to the actinobacteria, while the co culture ACTB-290/C. musae showed closer similarity to the actinobacteria. These confirmed the more pronounced antifungal activity of the ACTB-290 strain, as observed in the fungus growth inhibition experiments. The antifungal activity of ACTB-290 was associated to its sulfur-containing metabolites, while linalool was suggested as responsible for the ACTB-77 activity.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220037

12.

Valorization of Hesperidin from Citrus Residues: Evaluation of Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Hesperidin-Mg Complex and Their Insecticidal Activity
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Silva, Danielle F. da

; Bomfim, João P. A.

; Marchi, Rafael C.

; Amaral, Jéssica C.

; Pinto, Luciano S.

; Carlos, Rose M.

; Ferreira, Antonio G.

; Forim, Moacir R.

; Fernandes, João B.

; Silva, Maria F. G. F. da

; Oliveira, Regiane C. de

; Buss, David

; Kirk, William D. J.

; Bruce, Toby J. A.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Jul 2022, Volume 33 Nº 7 Páginas 772 - 782

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The aim of the current study was the valorization of hesperidin, the dominant flavonoid in citrus processing waste, by microwave-assisted synthesis of hesperidin-Mg complex, improving its antioxidant activity and insecticidal potential. Here we show, for the first time, that microwave-assisted synthesis of [Mg(hesp)2(phen)]OAc (1) (hesp: hesperidin, phen: phenanthroline) improve the reaction rate and yield. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments proved to be powerful tools for the identification of three isomers in metal complexes. Moreover, we explore the insecticidal potential of 1 and [Mg(phen)2(Isov)]OAc (2) (Isov : isovanillic acid) complexes against three insects. Complex 1 killed 80% of adults whitefly at 0.14 μmol L-1, and 2 76% at 0.36 μmol L-1. There was a total mortality of Spodoptera frugiperda with 2 at 0.39 μmol L-1, and 83% with 1 at 0.14 μmol L-1. Both have similar activity, and represent a novel group of insecticide for Bemisia tabaci and S. frugiperda; nevertheless, the benefits of both as Myzus persicae repellent require further evaluation.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220050

13.

Using multi-criteria analysis for smart city assessment
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Chiroli, Daiane Maria De Genaro

; Solek, Érica A. B.

; Oliveira, Rosana S.

; Barboza, Bertiene M. L.

; Campos, Rodolfo P. de

; Kovaleski, João L.

; Tebecherani, Sérgio M.

; Trojan, Flavio

CIDADES, Comunidades e Territórios

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Jun 2022, Volume 44 Páginas 154 - 179

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Urban centers have been under a new concept of city. Smart Cities are, in a nutshell, organized communities that feature high communication technology and conscious investments in sustainability, providing dynamic and safe environments. This paper presents a methodology to assess and rank Smart Cities based on a multi-criteria decision-making process. Methodologies that do not consider a pondered approach and filter for specific goals are commonly found in the literature, once there is a great number of criteria involved in these analyses. This work proposes filtering the criteria, considering each specific evaluation and its objectives. Our methodology is based on a multi-criteria analysis and uses AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) to support the process of weights definition and MACBAC (Multi-Attributive Border Approximation Area Comparison) in an application with compensatory characteristics. Through this study, it is possible to conduct the assessment of Smart Cities according to its multiple contexts, viz. its location, decision-makers and the objectives of the analysis. All in all, this research presents novelty related to the organization of the evaluation in accord to the expected resolution and a pondered approach with reduced number of criteria, making the analysis very straightforward.

https://doi.org/10.15847/cct.25677

14.

Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Apremilast: A Study Using Ketoreductases and Lipases
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Vega, Kimberly B.

; Cruz, Daniel M. V.

; Oliveira, Artur R. T.

; Silva, Marcos R. da

; Lemos, Telma L. G. de

; Oliveira, Maria C. F.

; Bernardo, Ricardo D. S.

; Sousa, Jackson R. de

; Zanatta, Geancarlo

; Nasário, Fábio D.

; Marsaioli, Anita J.

; Mattos, Marcos C. de

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Mai 2021, Volume 32 Nº 5 Páginas 1100 - 1110

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The key step in the chemoenzymatic synthesis of apremilast was to produce the chiral alcohol (R)-1-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(methylsulfonyl)ethanol, (R)-3. Two enzymatic approaches were evaluated to obtain (R)-3, one using ketoreductases and the other lipases. Bioreduction of 1-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(methylsulfonyl)ethanone (2), using ketoreductase KRED-P2-D12, led to (R)-3 with 48% conversion and 93% enantiomeric excess (ee). Kinetic resolution of rac-1-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(methylsulfonyl)ethyl acetate (rac-4), via hydrolysis reaction, with 20% of n-butanol, catalyzed by lipase from Aspergillus niger yielded (R)-3 with > 99% ee, 50% conversion and E-value (enantiomeric ratio) > 200. The reaction between enantiomerically pure (R)-3 and 4-acetylamino-isoindol-1,3-dione (8) afforded apremilast in 65% yield and 67% ee.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20210012 180 downloads

15.

DETERMINAÇÃO DE FÓSFORO EM PALEOSSEDIMENTOS EMPREGANDO ESPECTROMETRIA DE FLUORESCÊNCIA DE RAIOS-X PORTÁTIL
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Moura, Jacira I. de

; Farias Filho, Benedito B.

; Lage, Maria Conceição S. M.

; Melo, Christian Rilza S. de

; Barros, Wilkins O. de

; Oliveira, Aníbal Gustavo S.

; Carvalho, Luzia Maria S.

Química Nova

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Fev 2021, Volume 44 Nº 2 Páginas 198 - 204

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Phosphorus (P) is an important chemical marker of the past human presence, because, besides indicates the localization of possible archaeological sites, also, contributes to clarify doubts regarding to origin, duration and to specific functions that were developed in them. The present study aimed to obtain a simple, accurate, fast and non-destructible analytical method to determine phosphorus in sediment samples of the Toca da Baixa dos Caboclos archaeological site, an enclave of the Serra da Capivara National Park, Piauí, Brazil. For the proposed method, a portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (p-ED-XRF) equipment and cross calibration to sample direct analysis were used. The results show that the concentrations obtained by the proposed method, cross calibration with use of p-ED-XRF, and by the spectrophotometric method were considered statistically equal, when compared by the paired t test (p=0.05). By its turn, the intermediate accuracy and recovery tests showed values in the range of 2.41−3.56% and 85.10-102.66%, respectively.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170633 126 downloads

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