Resumo Objetivou-se analisar os fatores associados ao policonsumo de álcool, tabaco e drogas ilícitas, entre adolescentes escolares brasileiros de 13 a 17 anos. Estudo transversal, com dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (2019). A variável desfecho foi o relato de consumo das três substâncias nos últimos 30 dias. As variáveis independentes foram agrupadas em quatro blocos: características sociodemográficas; contexto familiar; situações estressoras; aspectos comportamentais. Foi realizada análise de regressão logística múltipla hierarquizada, permanecendo no modelo final as variáveis com p<0,05. A prevalência de policonsumo em adolescentes escolares foi 3,3%. No modelo final, sexo masculino, morar na região Centro-Oeste, Sul e Sudeste, faltar a escola sem permissão, pais não saberem o que fazem no tempo livre, ter pais fumantes, sofrer agressão física pelos pais, sentir que a vida não vale a pena ser vivida, experimentar bebida alcoólica e drogas ilícitas antes dos 13 anos, ter amigos que bebem bebida alcoólica, fumam e usam drogas na sua presença permaneceram associados ao desfecho. Os dados mostram alta prevalência de policonsumo de três substâncias entre adolescentes e sua associação a fatores sociodemográficos, familiares, comportamentais e a eventos estressantes.

Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze the factors associated with concurrent alcohol, tobacco and illicit drug use among Brazilian schoolchildren aged 13-17. We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the 2019 National School-Based Health Survey. The outcome was use of the three substances during the last 30 days. Hierarchical multiple logistic regression was carried out with independent variables grouped into four blocks: sociodemographic characteristics; family context; behavioral aspects; and stressors. Variables with p<0.05 were retained in the final model. The prevalence of concurrent substance use was 3.3%. Being male, living in the Midwest, South and Southeast, skipping school without parent permission, parents not knowing what their children do in their free time, having parents who smoke, having experienced physical aggression from parents, feeling that life is not worth living, trying drinking and illicit drugs before the age of 13, and having friends who drink alcohol, smoke and use drugs in their presence remained associated with the outcome in the final model. The findings reveal high prevalence of concurrent alcohol, cigarette and illicit drug use among adolescents and that poly use is associated with sociodemographic, family, and behavioral factors and stressors.

Abstract Disorderly use of water resources has led to depletion, causing environmental and social issues. A relevant aspect to be observed in water supply systems is physical losses which occur during the system’s entire operational process. Many different software packages allow simulations of pressures and flow in water networks. The most used is EPANET. The epanet2toolkit is a recently developed R package that performs the interaction between EPANET and R. Based on this tool, a set of functions is developed to study and evaluate a theoretical network. The objective is to find an ideal network configuration (design) mainly for pressure management which simultaneously reduces physical losses. Water network parameters, such as roughness, reservoir levels, and diameters are used as parameters. A Monte Carlo simulation is generated, based on random values of these network parameters. From these, an ideal pressure scenario is found, resulting in a reduction of 11.6% in the occurrence of physical losses concerning the base case.

Resumo O uso desordenado dos recursos hídricos tem levado ao esgotamento, resultando no surgimento de questões ambientais e sociais. Um aspecto relevante a ser observado nos sistemas de abastecimento de água são as perdas físicas que ocorrem durante todo o processo operacional do sistema. Muitos pacotes de software diferentes permitem simulações de pressões e fluxos em redes de água. O mais utilizado é o EPANET. O epanet2toolkit é um pacote R recentemente desenvolvido que realiza a interação entre EPANET e R. Com base nesta ferramenta, são desenvolvidos um conjunto de funções para estudar e avaliar uma rede teórica. O objetivo é encontrar uma configuração de rede ideal (projeto) principalmente para gerenciamento de pressão que reduza simultaneamente as perdas físicas. Os elementos da rede hídrica, como rugosidade, níveis dos reservatórios e diâmetros são utilizados como parâmetros. Uma simulação de Monte Carlo é gerada, com base em valores aleatórios dos parâmetros desta rede. A partir destes, é encontrado um cenário de pressão ideal, resultando em uma redução de 11,6% na ocorrência de perdas físicas em relação ao caso base.

Abstract The pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is complex. Few studies in Brazilian population have addressed cell phenotypes associated with immunological responses and their associations with SLE activity. The aim of this study is to investigate cell phenotypes associated to SLE diagnosis, treatment and activity. Twenty-eight SLE female patients (17 inactive, 11 active) and 10 healthy women were included in this study. Markers of natural killer (Nk), T and B cells in peripheral blood were evaluated by flow cytometry. Nkt cells were decreased only in SLE active patients. Activated CD4+, regulatory T FoxP3+ and B cells were decreased in both active and inactive SLE patients, compared to control group. The data corroborate the disruption of immune regulatory response in SLE patients and suggest phenotipic changes as possible biomarkers of SLE activity.

ABSTRACT Purpose to verify whether there are differences in acoustic measures and oropharyngeal geometry between healthy individuals and people with Parkinson's disease, according to age and sex, and to investigate whether there are correlations between oropharyngeal geometry measures in this population. Methods 40 individuals participated, 20 with a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease and 20 healthy individuals, matched by age, sex, and body mass index. Acoustic variables included fundamental frequency, jitter, shimmer, glottal-to-noise excitation ratio, noise, and mean intensity. Oropharyngeal geometry variables were measured with acoustic pharyngometry. Results geometry variables were smaller in the group with Parkinson's disease, and older adults with Parkinson's disease had a smaller oropharyngeal junction area than healthy older adults. Regarding acoustic parameters of voice, fundamental frequency values were lower in males with Parkinson's disease, and jitter values were higher in the non-elderly subjects with Parkinson's disease. There was a moderate positive correlation between oral cavity length and volume, pharyngeal cavity length and vocal tract length, and pharyngeal cavity volume and vocal tract volume. Conclusion individuals with Parkinson's disease had smaller glottal areas and oropharyngeal junction areas than healthy individuals. When distributed into sex and age groups, the fundamental frequency was lower in males with Parkinson's disease. There was a moderate positive correlation between oropharyngeal length and volume measures in the study sample.

RESUMO Objetivo verificar se existem diferenças nas medidas acústicas e da geometria orofaríngea entre indivíduos hígidos e pessoas com Doença de Parkinson, segundo a idade e sexo e investigar se há correlações entre as medidas geométricas orofaríngeas nessa população. Método participaram 40 indivíduos, sendo 20 com diagnóstico de Doença de Parkinson e 20 indivíduos hígidos, pareados por faixa etária, sexo e índice de massa corporal. As variáveis acústicas estudadas foram frequência fundamental, jitter, shimmer, glottal-to-noise excitation ratio, ruído e média da intensidade. As variáveis geométricas da orofaringe foram aferidas por faringometria acústica. Resultados as variáveis geométricas foram menores no grupo com Doença de Parkinson e os idosos com Doença de Parkinson apresentaram menor área da junção orofaríngea que os idosos hígidos. Com relação aos parâmetros acústicos vocais, o valor da frequência fundamental foi menor no sexo masculino, no grupo com Doença de Parkinson e os valores de jitter foram maiores no grupo não idoso dos sujeitos com Doença de Parkinson. Houve correlação positiva moderada entre o comprimento e volume da cavidade oral, comprimento da cavidade faríngea e o comprimento do trato vocal e do volume da cavidade faríngea e o volume do trato vocal. Conclusão indivíduos com Doença de Parkinson apresentaram menores valores de área glótica e área da junção orofaríngea, comparativamente aos hígidos. Quando distribuídos por faixa etária e sexo, a frequência fundamental foi menor no grupo com doença de Parkinson, na população masculina. Houve correlação positiva moderada entre as medidas de comprimento e volume da orofaringe, na amostra estudada.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Immunogenicity has emerged as a challenge in the development of vaccines against coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19). Immunogenicity is a determinant of the efficacy and safety of vaccines. This systematic review and associated meta-analysis summarized and characterized the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods: Relevant RCTs were systematically sourced from different medical databases in August 2021. The risk ratios and mean differences with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results: Of 2,310 papers, 16 RCTs were eligible for review. These RCTs involved a total of 26,698 participants (15,292 males and 11,231 females). The pooled results showed a significant difference in the geometric mean titer between the vaccinated and control groups in favor of the vaccine group after 1 and 2 months of follow-up, for the young age group (18 - < 55y), and with different doses (P < 0.001). The difference in the older age group (>55y) was insignificant (P = 0.24). The seroconversion rate of spike neutralizing antibodies favored the vaccine groups 1 or 2 months after vaccination (P < 0.001). The seroconversion rate of the vaccine group was significantly different (P < 0.001) from that of the control group. Conclusions: Vaccination elicits immunogenicity in the follow-up period for all age groups and at low and large doses. Therefore, people should be encouraged to receive vaccines currently being offered. A boost dose has been asserted for the elderly.

ABSTRACT Objective: We investigated the biological behavior of ghrelin and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) after a standard liquid meal according to body adiposity and glucose homeostasis. Subjects and methods: This cross-sectional study included 41 individuals (92.7% women; aged 38.3 ± 7.8 years; BMI 32.2 ± 5.5 kg/m²) allocated into three groups according to body adiposity and glucose homeostasis, as follows: normoglycemic eutrophic controls (CON, n = 11), normoglycemic with obesity (NOB, n = 15), and dysglycemic with obesity (DOB, n = 15). They were tested at fasting and 30 and 60 min after the ingestion of a standard liquid meal in which we measured active ghrelin, active GLP-1, insulin, and plasma glucose levels. Results: As expected, DOB exhibited the worst metabolic status (glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, HbA1c) and an inflammatory status (TNF-α) at fasting, besides a more significant increase in glucose than postprandial NOB (p ≤ 0.05). At fasting, no differences between groups were detected in lipid profile, ghrelin, and GLP-1 (p ≥ 0.06). After the standard meal, all groups exhibited a reduction in ghrelin levels between fasting vs. 60 min (p ≤ 0.02). Additionally, we noticed that GLP-1 and insulin increased equally in all groups after the standard meal (fasting vs. 30 and 60 min). Although glucose levels increased in all groups after meal intake, these changes were significantly more significant in DOB vs. CON and NOB at 30 and 60 min post-meal (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: Time course of ghrelin and GLP-1 levels during the postprandial period was not influenced by body adiposity or glucose homeostasis. Similar behaviors occurred in controls and patients with obesity, independently of glucose homeostasis.

Abstract Introduction Post-COVID-19 syndrome is characterized by chronic fatigue and myalgia, among other symptoms, which can limit activities of daily living. Physical therapy protocols with multicomponent exercises combine strength, resistance, balance and gait, producing sig-nificant improvements in functional mobility. Objective Evaluate whether multicomponent rehabilitation is effective in improving functional mobility and quality of life in individuals with post-COVID-19 syndrome. Methods Randomized controlled trial with 59 volunteers, divided into an intervention (IG) and control group (CG), all of whom underwent initial assessment (T0). The IG performed 24 sessions over 12 weeks and the CG did not undergo training. Functional mobility was analyzed using the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and the Berg balance scale, while the SF-36 questionnaire assessed quality of life. Results In the 6MWT, the IG covered 464.40 + 81.26 meters (T0) and 518.60 + 82.68 meters (T4). The IG Berg scale scores were 48.00 + 4.00 (T0) and 51.90 + 4.26 (T4). In terms of quality of life, the IG obtained mean scores of 96.26 + 10.14 (T0) and 102.60 + 5.53 (T4). None of these measures was statistically significant. Conclusion Individuals who underwent the multicomponent phys-iotherapy protocol showed statistically nonsignificant increases in the variables studied.

Resumo Introdução A síndrome pós-COVID-19 caracteriza-se por fadiga crônica, mialgia, entre outros sintomas que podem causar limitações na realização das atividades de vida diária. Protocolos de fisioterapia com exercício de multicomponentes combinam força, resistência, equi-líbrio e marcha, e produzem melhorias significativas na mobilidade funcional. Objetivo Avaliar se a reabilitação de multicomponentes é eficaz em promover melhora na mobilidade funcional e qualidade de vida em indivíduos com síndrome pós-COVID-19. Métodos Ensaio clínico randomizado, controlado, realizado com 59 voluntários, divididos em grupo intervenção (GI) e grupo controle (GC). Todos fizeram avaliação inicial (T0); GI realizou 24 sessões durante 12 semanas e GC não realizou treinamento. A análise da mobilidade funcional foi realizada através do teste de caminhada de 6 minutos (TC6m) e da escala de equilíbrio de Berg. O questionário SF-36 avaliou a qualidade de vida. Resultados A distância percorrida no TC6m pelo GI foi de 464,40 + 81,26 metros (T0) e de 518,60 + 82,68 metros (T4). A pontuação na escala de Berg do GI foi de 48,00 + 4,00 (T0) e de 51,90 + 4,26 (T4). Na qualidade de vida, GI apresentou escore com média de 96,26 + 10,14 (T0) e 102,60 + 5,53 (T4). Nenhuma destas medidas foram estatisticamente significantes. Conclusão Os indivíduos que foram submetidos ao protocolo fisioterapêutico de multicomponentes apresentaram incrementos nas variáveis estudadas sem significância estatística.

Abstract Objective To translate, cross-culturally adapt and validate the content of the Treatment Summary and Survivorship Care Plan (TSSCP-S) for Brazilian breast cancer survivors. Methods Methodological, quantitative study performed according to the steps of translation, compatibility and back-translation, construction of consensus of opinions in a group of experts for content validation, according to the Delphi technique and user evaluation. Results The translated and cross-culturally adapted plan was evaluated by ten professionals, including nurses, physicians, psychologists, nutritionists and physical therapists with a degree, scientific production, knowledge and time working on the subject. Consensus was obtained in two rounds. The instrument presented a content validity coefficient of 83.3% in the second round of Delphi. In the evaluation of content, clarity, usefulness, cultural and socioecological responsiveness domains, agreement was 93.3%. The sociodemographic and clinical profile of users was heterogeneous, contributing to the necessary cultural adjustments, with a final consensus of 93.9%. Conclusion The care plan was translated into Brazilian Portuguese, cross-culturally adapted and its contents were validated considering national health policies.

Resumen Objetivo Traducir, adaptar transculturalmente y validar el contenido del Treatment Summary and Survivorship Care Plan (TSSCP-S) para sobrevivientes brasileñas de cáncer de mama. Métodos Estudio metodológico, cuantitativo, ejecutado de acuerdo con las etapas de traducción, compatibilización y retrotraducción, construcción de consenso de opiniones de un grupo de especialistas para la validación de contenido, de acuerdo con el método Delphi y evaluación del usuario. Resultados El plan traducido y adaptado transculturalmente fue evaluado por diez profesionales, entre ellos enfermeros, médicos, psicólogos, nutricionista y fisioterapeuta, con titulación académica, producción científica, conocimiento y tiempo de actuación en la temática, y el consenso se obtuvo en dos rondas. El instrumento presentó un coeficiente de validez de contenido del 83,3 % en la segunda ronda de Delphi. En la evaluación de los dominios contenido, claridad, utilidad, responsividad cultural y socioecológica, la concordancia fue del 93,3 %. El perfil sociodemográfico y clínico de las usuarias fue heterogéneo, lo que contribuye a los ajustes culturales necesarios, con consenso final del 93,9 %. Conclusión El plan de cuidados fue traducido al portugués de Brasil, adaptado transculturalmente y sus contenidos fueron validados, considerando las políticas sanitarias nacionales.

Resumo Objetivo Traduzir, adaptar transculturalmente e validar o conteúdo do Treatment Summary and Survivorship Care Plan (TSSCP-S) para sobreviventes brasileiras de câncer de mama. Métodos Estudo metodológico, quantitativo, executado de acordo com as etapas de tradução, compatibilização e retrotradução, construção de consenso de opiniões de um grupo de especialistas para a validação de conteúdo, de acordo com a Técnica Delphi e avaliação do usuário. Resultados O plano traduzido e adaptado transculturalmente foi avaliado por 10 profissionais, entre estes, enfermeiros, médicos, psicológos, nutricionista e fisioterapeuta, possuidores de titulação, produção científica, conhecimento e tempo de atuação na temática e o consenso foi obtido em duas rodadas. O instrumento apresentou coeficiente de validade de conteúdo de 83,3% na segunda rodada da Delphi. Na avaliação dos domínios conteúdo, clareza, utilidade, responsividade cultural e socioecológica, a concordância foi de 93,3%. O perfil sóciodemográfico e clínico das usuárias foi heterogêneo, contribuindo para os ajustes culturais necessários, com consenso final de 93,9%. Conclusão O plano de cuidados foi traduzido para o português do Brasil, adaptado transculturalmente e seus conteúdos foram validados, considerando as políticas de saúde nacionais.

Abstract Introduction the Covid-19 pandemic impacted elderly persons with Parkinson’s Disease (PD), influencing their daily activities and quality of life. Objective to evaluate the impact on the oral health in people with Parkinson’s Disease during the Covid-19 isolation. Material and method the present analytical, quantitative, cross-sectional study uses secondary data sources from 115 health records used in a study carried out from August to December in 2020 through telemonitoring. Sociodemographic aspects and self-perception of quality of life were evaluated using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire. The variables studied in the association were: sex, age, duration of PD, civil status, Covid-19 diagnosis and the use of dental prostheses. The software Statistica 13.2 and the Chi-square (X2) test with a significance level of p<0.05 were used. Result after analyzing the database, the final sample consisted of 64 health records that responded to the OHIP-14. 61% were male, with a mean age of 66.6 years, 64% were using dental prostheses, and 74% indicated on the OHIP-14 that they had good oral health self-perception. No significant associations were found among the variables: Age, Sex, Civil Status, Covid diagnosis, Duration of illness, Use of dental prostheses and the OHIP-14 (p>0.05). Conclusion it was found that people with Parkinson’s Disease showed a good quality of life, as evaluated using the OHIP-14, and that the Covid-19 isolation did not impact negatively on the oral health.

Resumo Introdução a pandemia da Covid-19 impactou idosos que possuem a doença de Parkinson (DP), influenciando nas suas atividades de vida diária e qualidade de vida. Objetivo avaliar o impacto da saúde bucal em pessoas com doença de Parkinson durante o isolamento da Covid-19. Material e método trata-se de um estudo analítico, quantitativo e de corte transversal, com fontes de dados secundários de 115 prontuários de uma pesquisa que foi realizada no ano de 2020, no período de agosto a dezembro, por meio de telemonitoramento. Avaliou-se os aspectos sociodemográfico e a autopercepção da qualidade de vida utilizando o questionário Perfil de Impacto na Saúde Oral (OHIP-14). As variáveis estudadas na associação foram: sexo, idade, tempo da DP, estado civil, diagnóstico de Covid-19 e uso de prótese dentária. Foi utilizado o software Statistica 13.2 e o teste do Qui-quadrado (X2) com nível de significância de p<0,05. Resultado após análise do banco de dados a amostra final constou com 64 prontuários que responderam o OHIP-14. 61% foram do sexo masculino com média de idade de 66,6 anos, 64% faziam uso de prótese dentária, e 74% indicaram ter uma boa autopercepção da sua saúde bucal pelo OHIP-14. Não foram encontradas associações significativas entre as variáveis: Idade; Sexo; Estado Civil; Diagnóstico de Covid; Tempo de doença; Uso de prótese dentária e o OHIP-14 (p>0,05). Conclusão verificou-se que pessoas com Parkinson apresentaram uma boa qualidade de vida avaliado pelo OHIP-14 e que o isolamento da Covid-19 não impactou negativamente na saúde bucal.

Abstract Objective To analyze the components of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and the rationale for adopting the criteria used for its classification in older individuals through an integrative review. Method an integrative review of the literature in Portuguese, English, Spanish and Bulgarian involving older people (age ≥60 years) on the electronic databases MEDLINE - via PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus, without restriction on publication date or study design, was conducted from August 2022 to January 2023. The Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and Health Sciences Descriptors (DEcS) controlled descriptors “elderly”, “elderly 80 or older”, “metabolic syndrome”, “prevalence”, “component” and “criterion” were used. Studies that were off-topic, unavailable in full and that failed to answer the guiding question were excluded. Results Application of the eligibility criteria led to the retrieval of 1340 studies, of which 14 were included in the integrative review. Seven sets of criteria were identified for evaluating MetS in the older population were identified and most studies used two of these criteria. The IDF criterion was cited 7 times and the NCEP - ATP III criterion 8 times in the 14 article reviewed. Conclusions Although the searches retrieved different studies on the subject, the results suggest the criteria for MetS should be revised, with cut-off points defined according to the population studied.

Resumo Objetivo Analisar os componentes da Síndrome Metabólica (SM) e a racionalidade na adoção dos critérios utilizados para sua classificação em idosos por meio de uma revisão integrativa Método Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura nos idiomas português, inglês, espanhol e búlgaro com idosos ( idade ≥ 60 anos), nas bases de dados eletrônicas MEDLINE - via PubMed, Embase, Web of Science e Scopus, sem restrição de tempo de publicação e desenho de estudo, no período de agosto 2022 a janeiro de 2023. Utilizaram-se os descritores controlados do Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) e Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DEcS) “idoso”, “idoso 80 ou mais”, “síndrome metabólica”, “prevalência”, “componente” e “critério”. Foram excluídos estudos que não tratavam da temática, publicações não disponíveis na íntegra e que não atenderam à pergunta norteadora. Resultados Após a aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade, dos 1340 estudos encontrados, foram incluídos quatorze estudos na revisão integrativa. Foram identificados sete critérios de avaliação da SM na população idosa e que a maioria dos estudos utilizou dois dos sete critérios, sendo o critério de IDF citado sete vezes nos quatorze artigos escolhidos e o do NCEP - ATP III mencionado oito vezes. Conclusões Embora as buscas tenham reunido diferentes estudos acerca do assunto, foi possível concluir que os critérios que têm sido propostos para a síndrome metabólica precisam ser revisados e terem seus pontos de corte definidos de acordo com a população estudada.

ABSTRACT Purpose: to assess the influence of dentures on the electromyographic activity of masticatory muscles in individuals with Parkinson’s disease. Methods: an analytical, quantitative, cross-sectional study conducted at a public teaching hospital in 2017, assessing the stage of the disease, non-denture (ND) wearing, upper removable partial denture wearing (DW1), upper and lower removable partial denture wearing (DW2), and upper complete denture + lower removable partial denture wearing (DW3). The Student-Newman-Keuls test was used to compare the maximum voluntary muscle contraction between sides and between the denture wearing and non-denture wearing groups. Significance was set at α<0.05. Results: after applying the eligibility criteria, 41 patient records were included in the sample. The association between the stage of the disease and denture wearing showed predominance of DW2 in stage 1 (43%). A significant difference was found in the masseter muscle analysis between the non-denture wearing group and DW2 and DW3 (p=0.0018). As for the anterior temporalis muscle, there was a significant difference (p=0.0034) in three of the analysis groups (ND vs. DW2, ND vs. DW3, and DW1 vs. DW3). Conclusion: denture wearing has a negative impact on the electrical activity of masticatory muscles when compared with individuals who do not wear dentures and have natural teeth.

ABSTRACT Purpose: to analyze factors associated with mandibular function impairment in people with Parkinson’s disease during social isolation due to COVID-19. Methods: this cross-sectional, quantitative, analytical study used a database with 115 records of patients presented with this condition (obtained via telemonitoring in a research conducted in 2020) and assessed sociodemographic aspects and the Mandibular Function Impairment Questionnaire (MFIQ). The variables addressed in the associations were sex, age, marital status, denture use, disease duration, and daily levodopa dose. Results were obtained with the Fisher´s exact test, with the significance level set at p < 0.05. Results: after analyzing the database, the final sample comprised 62 eligible records - 61% were males, 79% were above 60 years old, 63% wore dentures, and 93% had low severity of mandibular function impairment, according to MFIQ. No significant associations were found between the study variables and MFIQ (p < 0.05). Conclusion: the degree of mandibular impairment was low, and the study variables were not associated with mandibular function impairment in patients presented with Parkinson´s disease, during social isolation, due to COVID-19.

ABSTRACT Understanding the dynamics of endemic tree component species based on natural regeneration (NR) and adult trees (AT) is essential for formulating conservation strategies for protecting these species. The objective of the present study was to identify endemic species in a preserved area of secondary forest in the Atlantic Forest domain in Brazil and to evaluate their dynamics over 24 years. Based on inventories carried out from 1992 to 2016 of the NR (diameter at breast height - dbh ≤ 5 cm) and of the AT (dbh ≥ 5 cm) in ten sites with different characteristics (physiographic, edaphic, and successional), it was possible to, initially, identify 58 species classified as endemic to Brazil (EBR) and/or those exclusive to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (EAF), among the 226 species in the entire survey. Subsequently, this classification was reassessed based on updated information on its occurrence, and only 38 of these species were maintained as endemic to Brazil and/or to the Atlantic Forest. Some species were recorded in the AT and NR strata, in different sites, throughout the study period, while others occurred in only one level (AT or NR), some with low abundance. Among these endemic species, eight are included in the endangered species lists, and 15 can be classified as rare, as there was only one individual in the survey. Considering the two arboreal strata it was observed that some species were abundant in the forest in all inventories and several sites, while others went throughout the study period with few individuals and, in some cases, disappeared due to mortality. These results contribute to understanding the factors that can affect the local abundance of endemic species over time, allowing the definition of conservation actions for protecting these vulnerable species, thus avoiding their extinction.

RESUMO A compreensão da dinâmica das espécies endêmicas do componente arbóreo, com base na regeneração natural (RN) e nas árvores adultas (AA) é fundamental para a formulação de estratégias de conservação dessas espécies. O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar as espécies endêmicas em uma área preservada de floresta secundária, no domínio da Mata Atlântica, no Brasil, e avaliar sua dinâmica ao longo de 24 anos. Com base em inventários realizados de 1992 a 2016 da RN (diâmetro à altura do peito - dap ≤ 5cm) e das AA (dap ≥ 5 cm), em dez locais com diferentes características (fisiográficas, edáficas e sucessionais), foi possível identificar 58 espécies classificadas como endêmicas do Brasil e/ou àquelas exclusivas da Mata Atlântica brasileira, dentre as 226 espécies de todo o levantamento. Posteriormente, essa classificação foi reavaliada a partir de informações atualizadas de sua ocorrência, sendo que apenas 38 dessas espécies permaneceram como endêmicas do Brasil e/ou da Mata Atlântica. Algumas espécies foram registradas na AA e na RN, em diversos locais, em todo o período do estudo, enquanto outras ocorreram em apenas um nível (AA ou RN), inclusive com baixa abundância. Dentre essas espécies endêmicas, oito estão incluídas em listas de espécies ameaçadas de extinção e 15 podem ser classificadas como raras (apresentaram apenas um indivíduo). Considerando os dois estratos arbóreos, foi observado que algumas espécies permaneceram na floresta em todos os inventários, enquanto outras ingressaram ao longo do período do estudo, com poucos indivíduos, inclusive com elevada mortalidade, deixando de ocorrer na área. Esses resultados contribuem para o entendimento dos fatores que podem afetar a abundância local de espécies endêmicas ao longo do tempo, permitindo a definição de ações de conservação para proteger essas espécies vulneráveis, evitando assim, a sua extinção.

Abstract Objectives: to estimate the prevalence of overweight/obesity and analyze the associated factors in pregnant women assisted by family health teams. Methods: epidemiological observational study of populational, cross-sectional, and analytical base carried out with pregnant women at the Estratégia de Saúde da Família (Family Health Strategy) in the city of Montes Claros, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, between October 2018 and November 2019. Socioeconomic and demographic, obstetric characteristics, social and family support, emotional aspects and comorbidities. The presence of overweight/obesity was estimated by the initial Body Mass Index (up to the 13th gestational week) acquired from the pregnant woman’s health booklet. Hierarchized Poisson regression with robust variance was carried out. Results: a total of 1,279 pregnant women participated in this study. The prevalence of overweight/ obesity was 45.3% and was associated with the following factors: having a partner (PR=1.52; CI95% =1.24-1.86), higher family income (PR=1.23; CI95% =1.04-1.46), presence of previous pregnancies (PR=1.65; CI95% =1.39-1.95%), higher age group (PR=2.26; CI95% =1.70-3.01), gestational diabetes mellitus (PR=1.43; CI95% =1.21-1.69) and systemic arterial hypertension (PR=1.29; CI95% =1.04-1.61). Conclusion: there was a high prevalence of overweight/obesity in the evaluated pregnant women and its association with sociodemographic and obstetric factors and chronic comorbidities. There is a necessity for monitoring and carrying out nutritional education in prenatal care provided by family health teams, with emphasis on strengthening multidisciplinary care.

Resumo Objetivos: estimar a prevalência de sobrepeso/obesidade e analisar os fatores associados em gestantes assistidas por equipes de saúde da família. Métodos: estudo epidemiológico observacional de base populacional, transversal e analítico, realizado com gestantes da Estratégia de Saúde da Família em Montes Claros, MG, Brasil, entre outubro de 2018 a novembro de 2019. Avaliaram-se características socioeconômicas e demográficas, obstétricas, apoio social e familiar, aspectos emocionais e comorbidades. A presença de sobrepeso/ obesidade foi estimada pelo Índice de Massa Corporal inicial (até 13ª semana gestacional) adquirido da caderneta da gestante. Foi realizada regressão de Poisson hierarquizada com variância robusta. Resultados: participaram deste estudo 1.279 gestantes. A prevalência do sobrepeso/obesidade foi de 45,3% e esteve associada aos fatores: ter companheiro(a) (RP=1,52; IC95%=1,24-1,86), maior renda familiar (RP=1,23; IC95%=1,04-1,46), presença de gestações anteriores (RP=1,65; IC95%=1,39-1,95%), maior faixa etária (RP=2,26; IC 95%=1,70-3,01), diabetes mellitus gestacional (RP=1,43; IC95%=1,21-1,69) e hipertensão arterial sistêmica (RP=1,29; IC95%=1,04-1,61). Conclusão: verificou-se alta prevalência de sobrepeso/obesidade nas gestantes avaliadas e sua associação com fatores sociodemográficos, obstétricos e comorbidades crônicas. Há necessidade de monitoramento e de realização da educação nutricional no cuidado pré-natal prestado pelas equipes de saúde da família, com ênfase no fortalecimento do cuidado multiprofissional.

ABSTRACT Purpose to map the vocal assessment measures used to verify the effect of the intervention in vocally healthy individuals. Research strategy This is a scope review based on the research question: What vocal assessment measures are used to verify the effect of the intervention in vocally healthy individuals? The search was carried out electronically in MEDLINE (PubMed), LILACS (BVS), Scopus (Elsevier), Web of Science (Clarivate), Embase and Cochrane databases. Selection criteria The selection of studies was based on reading the titles, abstracts, keywords and full texts, applying the eligibility criteria. Data related to the publication’s bibliographic information, sample and intervention characteristics, the effects of the intervention on self-assessment, auditory-perceptual, acoustic, aerodynamic, electroglottographic measures, laryngeal examination results, among others, were extracted. The data were summarized and presented in a quantitative and descriptive way. Results 97 articles were selected, among the 979 studies mapped in this review. Acoustic analysis was the most used measure (n=70, 72.3%) to verify the effects of vocal training in the selected studies, followed by electroglottography (n= 55, 56.7%), self-assessment (n= 38, 39 .2%), aerodynamics (n= 33, 34.0%), auditory-perceptual judgment (n= 22, 22.7%) and laryngeal examination (n= 16, 16.5%). Conclusion Acoustic analysis is the measure used in most studies to verify the effect of the intervention in vocally healthy individuals.

RESUMO Objetivo mapear as medidas de avaliação vocal utilizadas para verificar o efeito da intervenção em indivíduos vocalmente saudáveis. Estratégia de pesquisa trata-se de uma revisão de escopo baseada na questão de pesquisa: “Quais as medidas de avaliação vocal utilizadas para verificar o efeito da intervenção em indivíduos vocalmente saudáveis?” A busca foi realizada de forma eletrônica nas bases de dados MEDLINE (PubMed), LILACS (BVS), Scopus (Elsevier), Web of Science (Clarivate), Embase e Cochrane. Critérios de seleção a seleção dos estudos foi baseada na leitura dos títulos, resumos, palavras-chave e textos completos, aplicando-se os critérios de elegibilidade. Foram extraídos os dados relacionados às informações bibliográficas da publicação, características da amostra e da intervenção, os efeitos da intervenção nas medidas de autoavaliação, perceptivo-auditivas, acústicas, aerodinâmicas, eletroglotográficas, resultado do exame laríngeo, entre outros. Os dados foram resumidos e apresentados de forma quantitativa e descritiva. Resultados foram selecionados 97 artigos, entre os 979 estudos mapeados nesta revisão. A análise acústica foi a medida mais utilizada (n=70, 72,3%) para verificar os efeitos do treinamento vocal nos estudos selecionados, seguida pela eletroglotografia (n= 55, 56,7%), autoavaliação (n= 38, 39,2%), aerodinâmica (n= 33, 34,0%), julgamento perceptivo-auditivo (n= 22, 22,7%) e exame laríngeo (n= 16, 16,5%). Conclusão a análise acústica é a medida utilizada na maioria dos estudos para verificar o efeito da intervenção em indivíduos vocalmente saudáveis.