Pesquisa | SciELO

Abstract This article is based on a representative and randomly selected sample of 396 individual criminal decisions from the Federal Supreme Court, issued between January 1, 2020, and June 22, 2021, related to the COVID-19 pandemic. We tracked the petitions, the type of imprisonment, the date of judgment, the type of legal action, and the outcomes of these requests. Subsequently, we conducted a qualitative analysis of the arguments employed by the Court in reaching its decisions. The main objective of the study is to understand how the Court ruled on requests for release from incarceration and the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in the judicial reasoning. The findings indicate that the pandemic had no relevant impact on the Court’s decision-making process. Dismissals on procedural grounds prevailed, allowing the court to avoid ruling on the merits of a claim. On the other hand, when the merits were analyzed, the pandemic was not treated as a sufficient argument for releasing a prisoner. Additionally, during the pandemic, CNJ’s Recommendation No. 62 and ADPF No. 347 had no argumentative prominence in the few decisions that granted requests for release. This research reinforces the diagnosis that the pandemic has not changed how the Judiciary deals with imprisonment. This finding contributes to understand the challenges in tackling mass incarceration in Brazil.

Resumo Este artigo é baseado em uma amostra representativa e aleatória de 396 decisões monocráticas penais do Supremo Tribunal Federal, proferidas entre 01/01/2020 e 22/06/2021, que mencionam a pandemia de Covid-19. Foram mapeados os pedidos, o tipo de prisão, a data de julgamento, o tipo de ação e o resultado dos pedidos. Em seguida, foi feita uma análise qualitativa dos argumentos utilizados pela Corte para decidir. O objetivo principal do estudo é compreender como a Corte julgou pedidos de desencarceramento e o peso da pandemia de Covid-19 na argumentação judicial. Os dados indicam que a pandemia não teve impacto relevante na forma de decidir do STF em casos de prisão. Prevaleceram os indeferimentos de pedidos de soltura, com significativa mobilização argumentativa de óbices processuais, permitindo que a Corte não se posicionasse sobre questões de mérito. Por outro lado, quando o mérito foi analisado, a pandemia não foi tratada como argumento suficiente para desencarcerar. Ademais, a pandemia, a Recomendação 62 do CNJ e a ADPF 347 não tiveram grande destaque argumentativo nas poucas decisões que concederam pedidos de desencarceramento. A pesquisa reforça o diagnóstico de que a pandemia não mudou o modo como o Judiciário lida com a prisão. Esse achado de pesquisa contribui para a compreensão dos obstáculos para o enfrentamento do superencarceramento no Brasil.

https://doi.org/10.22197/rbdpp.v10i1.884

Intensive glucose control in critically ill adults: a protocol for a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis
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Adigbli, Derick

; Yang, Li

; Hammond, Naomi

; Annane, Djillali

; Arabi, Yaseen

; Bilotta, Federico

; Bohé, Julien

; Brunkhorst, Frank Martin

; Cavalcanti, Alexandre Biasi

; Cook, Deborah

; Engel, Christoph

; Green-LaRoche, Deborah

; He, Wei

; Henderson, William

; Hoedemaekers, Cornelia

; Iapichino, Gaetano

; Kalfon, Pierre

; Rosa, Gisela de La

; MacKenzie, Iain

; Mélot, Christian

; Mitchell, Imogen

; Oksanen, Tuomas

; Polli, Federico

; Preiser, Jean-Charles

; Soriano, Francisco Garcia

; Wang, Ling-Cong

; Yuan, Jiaxiang

; Delaney, Anthony

; Tanna, Gian Luca Di

; Finfer, Simon

Critical Care Science

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Dez 2023, Volume 35 Nº 4 Páginas 345 - 354

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Objective: The optimal target for blood glucose concentration in critically ill patients is unclear. We will perform a systematic review and meta-analysis with aggregated and individual patient data from randomized controlled trials, comparing intensive glucose control with liberal glucose control in critically ill adults. Data sources: MEDLINE®, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials, and clinical trials registries (World Health Organization, clinical trials.gov). The authors of eligible trials will be invited to provide individual patient data. Published trial-level data from eligible trials that are not at high risk of bias will be included in an aggregated data meta-analysis if individual patient data are not available. Methods: Inclusion criteria: randomized controlled trials that recruited adult patients, targeting a blood glucose of ≤ 120mg/dL (≤ 6.6mmol/L) compared to a higher blood glucose concentration target using intravenous insulin in both groups. Excluded studies: those with an upper limit blood glucose target in the intervention group of > 120mg/dL (> 6.6mmol/L), or where intensive glucose control was only performed in the intraoperative period, and those where loss to follow-up exceeded 10% by hospital discharge. Primary endpoint: In-hospital mortality during index hospital admission. Secondary endpoints: mortality and survival at other timepoints, duration of invasive mechanical ventilation, vasoactive agents, and renal replacement therapy. A random effect Bayesian meta-analysis and hierarchical Bayesian models for individual patient data will be used. Discussion: This systematic review with aggregate and individual patient data will address the clinical question, ‘what is the best blood glucose target for critically ill patients overall?’ Protocol version 0.4 - 06/26/2023 PROSPERO registration: CRD42021278869

RESUMO Objetivo: Não está claro qual é a meta ideal de concentração de glicose no sangue em pacientes em estado grave. Realizaremos uma revisão sistemática e uma metanálise com dados agregados e de pacientes individuais de estudos controlados e randomizados, comparando o controle intensivo da glicose com o controle liberal da glicose em adultos em estado grave. Fontes de dados: MEDLINE®, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials e registros de ensaios clínicos (Organização Mundial da Saúde, clinical trials.gov). Os autores dos estudos qualificados serão convidados a fornecer dados individuais de pacientes. Os dados publicados em nível de ensaio qualificado que não apresentem alto risco de viés serão incluídos em uma metanálise de dados agregados se os dados individuais de pacientes não estiverem disponíveis. Métodos: Critérios de inclusão: ensaios clínicos controlados e randomizados que recrutaram pacientes adultos, com meta de glicemia ≤ 120mg/dL (≤ 6,6mmol/L) comparada a uma meta de concentração de glicemia mais alta com insulina intravenosa em ambos os grupos. Estudos excluídos: aqueles com meta de glicemia no limite superior no grupo de intervenção > 120mg/dL (> 6,6mmol/L), ou em que o controle intensivo de glicose foi realizado apenas no período intraoperatório, e aqueles em que a perda de seguimento excedeu 10% até a alta hospitalar. Desfecho primário: Mortalidade intra-hospitalar durante a admissão hospitalar. Desfechos secundários: Mortalidade e sobrevida em outros momentos, duração da ventilação mecânica invasiva, agentes vasoativos e terapia de substituição renal. Utilizaremos metanálise bayesiana de efeito randômico e modelos bayesianos hierárquicos para dados individuais de pacientes. Discussão: Essa revisão sistemática com dados agregados e de pacientes individuais abordará a questão clínica: Qual é a melhor meta de glicose no sangue de pacientes graves em geral? Protocolo versão 0.4 - 26/06/2023 Registro PROSPERO: CRD42021278869

https://doi.org/10.5935/2965-2774.20230162-en

Improved design and experiment of separating sieve for potato digger
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Xie, Shengshi

; Lu, Kai L.

; Deng, Wei G.

; Wang, Fang

; Li, Peng

; Liu, Guangyu

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Dez 2023, Volume 27 Nº 12 Páginas 966 - 972

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT The original two-order separating sieve has a good potato-soil separating ability, but it causes significant damage to potatoes while ensuring a high potato detection rate, which in turn affects the working effectiveness of the potato digger. Thus, it is necessary to improve the design of the original swing separation sieve with a two-order sieve surface to one with a three-order sieve surface to solve the contradiction between the potato detection and potato damage. On this basis, the movement characteristics of potatoes and the separation performance of the new sieve were experimentally investigated. The experiment was conducted in a test field in Wuchuan County using a completely randomized design in a single-factor scheme with three factors and five levels, with five crank speeds (140, 150, 180, 210 and 225 rpm), five machine forward speeds (1.41, 1.51, 1.70, 1.89 and 2.21 km h-1) and five boom-connecting rod length combinations (250-350-1,030, 250-370-1,040, 270-370-1,050, 290-370-1,060 and 310-370-1,070 mm). Each experiment was repeated three times at each level, and the average value was taken as the final result. The experimental results demonstrate that the new three-order separation sieve can ensure a high potato detection rate while maintaining a low potato skin breakage rate.

RESUMO A peneira de separação de duas ordens original tem uma boa capacidade de separação batata-solo, mas causa danos significativos às batatas ao mesmo tempo em que garante uma alta taxa de evidência de batatas, o que, por sua vez, afeta a eficácia do trabalho da escavadeira de batatas. Assim, o estudo teve como objetivo aprimorar a peneira de separação de balanço original com uma superfície de peneira de duas ordens para uma nova peneira de separação com uma superfície de peneira de três ordens para resolver a contradição entre a taxa obvia de batatas e os danos às batatas na operação da peneira original. Com base nisso, as características de movimentação das batatas e o desempenho de separação da nova peneira foram investigados experimentalmente no campo. O experimento foi conduzido em um campo de teste no Condado de Wuchuan, utilizando um delineamento completamente aleatório em um esquema de fator único com três fatores e cinco níveis, com cinco velocidades de manivela (140, 150, 180, 210 e 225 rpm), cinco velocidades de avanço da máquina (1,41, 1,51, 1,70, 1,89 e 2,21 km h-1) e cinco combinações de comprimento da haste de ligação do braço (250-350-1.030, 250-370-1.040, 270-370-1.050, 290-370-1.060 e 310-370-1.070 mm). Cada experimento foi repetido três vezes em cada nível, e o valor médio foi considerado como o resultado final. Os resultados experimentais demonstram que a nova peneira de separação de três ordens pode garantir uma alta taxa de detecção de batatas enquanto mantém uma baixa taxa de danos à casca das batatas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n12p966-972

The role and clinical significance of microRNA-29a-3p in the development of hypopharyngeal carcinoma
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Liu, Tao

; Ding, Detao

; Wang, Wei

; Wu, Yungang

; Ma, Dengdian

; Liu, Miaomiao

; Tan, Ziqiao

; Yao, Jing

; Li, Xiaoyu

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

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Jun 2023, Volume 89 Nº 3 Páginas 401 - 409

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective MicroRNA-29a-3p has been reported in a variety of cancers, but its role in hypopharyngeal cancer remains unclear. This study was to determine the role of microRNA-29a-3p in the occurrence and development of hypopharyngeal cancer. Methods 40 patients with hypopharyngeal cancer who underwent surgery in the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from April 2013 to November 2017 were selected for this study. The cancer tissue samples of the patients were collected, and the patients were followed up for three years. The expression of microRNA-29a-3p in tissue samples was detected by in situ hybridization with fluorescent probe, and the relationships among microRNA-29a-3p and clinicopathological factors, postoperative recurrent-metastasis, survival time were studied. Immunohistochemical was used to detect the expression of Ki67 and E-cadherin in tissue samples. Results Combined with HE staining results showed that microRNA-29a-3p expression was relatively high in non-cancer tissue cells (red blood cells and fibroblasts in tumor interstitial vessels), but was relatively low in cancer tissue and cells. According to the follow-up data of 40 patients with hypopharyngeal cancer, tumor size, T-stage, tumor differentiation, postoperative recurrent-metastasis of hypopharyngeal cancer patients were significantly negatively correlated with microRNA-29a-3p (p< 0.05). Immunohistochemica results further confirmed that microRNA-29a-3p was negatively correlated with the expression of Ki67 and E-cadherin. The survival time of patients positively related with microRNA-29a-3p expression (p< 0.05). Moreover, ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of the combined detection of miRNA-29a-3p+Ki67+E-cadherin was larger than that of the single detection of the three indexes. Conclusions The expression of microRNA-29a-3p is closely related to the occurrence, development and prognosis of hypopharyngeal cancer, and it affects the proliferation and invasion. This indicates that microRNA-29a-3p serves as a therapeutic target for the occurrence and development of hypopharyngeal cancer. The evidence of study designs of this study is IV using “Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine 2011 Levels of Evidence”.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2023.03.001

Effect of tinnitus on sound localization ability in patients with normal hearing
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Long, Yue

; Wang, Wei

; Liu, Jiao

; Liu, Ke

; Gong, Shusheng

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

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Jun 2023, Volume 89 Nº 3 Páginas 462 - 468

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objectives To determine whether tinnitus negatively impacts the accuracy of sound source localization in participants with normal hearing. Methods Seventy-five participants with tinnitus and 74 without tinnitus were enrolled in this study. The accuracy of sound source discrimination on the horizontal plane was compared between the two participant groups. The test equipment consisted of 37 loudspeakers arranged in a 180° arc facing forward with 5° intervals between them. The stimuli were pure tones of 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 kHz at 50 dB SPL. The stimuli were divided into three groups: low frequency (LF: 0.25, 0.5, and 1 kHz), 2 kHz, and high frequency (HF: 4 and 8 kHz) stimuli. Results The Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) score of all the stimuli in the tinnitus group was significantly higher than that in the control group (13.45 ± 3.34 vs. 11.44 ± 2.56, p = 4.115, t < 0.001). The RMSE scores at LF, 2 kHz, and HF were significantly higher in the tinnitus group than those in the control group (LF: 11.66 ± 3.62 vs. 10.04 ± 3.13, t = 2.918, p = 0.004; 2 kHz: 16.63 ± 5.45 vs. 14.43 ± 4.52, t = 2.690, p = 0.008; HF: 13.42 ± 4.74 vs. 11.14 ± 3.68, t = 3.292, p = 0.001). Thus, the accuracy of sound source discrimination in participants with tinnitus was significantly worse than that in those without tinnitus, despite the stimuli frequency. There was no difference in the ability to localize the sound of the matched frequency and other frequencies (12.86 ± 6.29 vs. 13.87 ± 3.14, t = 1.204, p = 0.236). Additionally, there was no correlation observed between the loudness of tinnitus and RMSE scores (r = 0.096, p = 0.434), and the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) and RMSE scores (r = −0.056, p = 0.648). Conclusions Our present data suggest that tinnitus negatively impacted sound source localization accuracy, even when participants had normal hearing. The matched pitch and loudness and the impact of tinnitus on patients’ daily lives were not related to the sound source localization ability. Level of evidence 4.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2023.01.003

Association of the triglyceride-glucose index with the occurrence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and mortality in elderly inpatients: a prospective observational study
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Wang, Xiaogang

; Zhou, Wei

; Song, Qianqian

; Xie, Ying

Nutrición Hospitalaria

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Abr 2023, Volume 40 Nº 2 Páginas 319 - 324

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Introduction: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a disease in which there is excessive fat deposition in hepatocytes due to hepatoprotective factors. Objectives: to assess the association of the triglyceride-glucose index with the occurrence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and mortality in elderly inpatients. To identify the TyG index as a predictive factor of NAFLD. Methods: this prospective observational study included elderly inpatients admitted to the Department of Endocrinology at the Linyi Geriatrics Hospital, Affiliated to Shandong Medical College, between August 2020 and April 2021. The TyG index was calculated according to an established formula: TyG = Ln [triglycerides (TG) (mg/dl) × Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (mg/dl) / 2]. Result: a total of 264 patients were enrolled, with 52 (19.7 %) cases occurred NAFLD. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that TyG (OR = 3.889; 95 % CI: 1.134-11.420; p = 0.014) and ALT (OR = 1.064; 95 % CI: 1.012-1.118; p = 0.015) were independently associated with the occurrence of NAFLD. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of TyG was 0.727, with sensitivity = 80.4 % and specificity = 57.8 % at cut off = 8.71. A Cox proportional hazards regression model showed that, after adjusting for age, sex, smoking, drinking, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes TyG > 8.71 (HR = 3.191; 95 % CI: 1.347 to 7.560; p < 0.001) was an independent risk factor for mortality in the elderly. Conclusions: the TyG index can predict non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and mortality in elderly Chinese inpatients.

Resumen Introducción: la enfermedad del hígado graso no alcohólico (EHGNA) es una enfermedad en la que una cantidad excesiva de grasa se acumula en los hepatocitos debido a factores hepatoprotectores. Objetivos: evaluar la asociación entre el índice glucemia-triglicéridos con la presencia de hígado graso no alcohólico (EHGNA) y mortalidad en pacientes hospitalizados de avanzada edad. Identificar el índice TyG como factor predictivo de la EHGNA. Métodos: este estudio observacional y prospectivo incluyó a pacientes de avanzada edad hospitalizados en el Departamento de Endocrinología del Hospital de Geriatría de Linyi, Afiliado al Colegio Médico de Shandong, entre agosto de 2020 y abril de 2021. El índice TyG se calculó según una fórmula establecida: TyG = Ln [triglicéridos (TG) (mg/dl) × Glucosa en sangre en ayunas (FPG) (mg/dl) / 2]. Resultado: se incluyeron 264 pacientes, con 52 (19,7 %) casos de EHGNA. El análisis de regresión logística multivariante mostró que el TyG (razón de momios (OR) = 3,889; intervalo de confianza del 95 %: 1,134-11,420; p = 0,014) y ALT (razón de momios (OR) = 1,064; intervalo de confianza del 95 %: 1,012-1,118; p = 0,015) se asociaban de forma independiente con la aparición de EHGNA. Además, el análisis de la curva de características operativas del receptor (ROC) mostró que el área bajo la curva (AUC) de TyG era de 0,727, con una sensibilidad del 80,4 % y una especificidad del 57,8 % en el punto de corte de 8,71. El modelo de regresión de riesgos proporcionales de Cox mostró que, tras ajustar por edad, sexo, tabaquismo, consumo de alcohol, hipertensión y diabetes tipo 2, un TyG > 8,71 (HR = 3,191; intervalo de confianza del 95 %: 1,347 a 7,560; p < 0,001) era un factor de riesgo independiente de mortalidad para los paciente de edad avanzada. Conclusiones: el índice TyG puede predecir la enfermedad del hígado graso no alcohólico y la mortalidad en pacientes chinos hospitalizados de avanzada edad.

https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.04435

MUSCLE INJURY AND SPORTS REHABILITATION MANAGEMENT IN ENDURANCE TRAINING ORIENTED TO WINTER SPORTS
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Wang, Zhihong

; Zhang, Wei

; Wang, Jun

Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte

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2023, Volume 29 elocation e2022_0169

Resumo: Pt En Es | Texto: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Introdução: O quadro de lesão muscular no treinamento esportivo de esqui tem aumentado gradualmente, prejudicando muito o desempenho das competições esportivas de gelo e neve. Objetivo: Estudar a lesão muscular e o movimento muscular durante o treinamento esportivo no gelo e na neve, bem como a reabilitação das lesões musculares. Métodos: Trinta esquiadores com lesão muscular no joelho foram selecionados como sujeitos e submetidos a treinamento de reabilitação por um total de 6 semanas, tendo os indicadores sido avaliados estatisticamente. Resultados: Os tipos de lesões no esqui foram principalmente tensão muscular, tensão muscular ou ligamentar e ruptura ligamentar. Os índices após o tratamento foram significativamente diferentes daqueles antes do tratamento (P < 0,05); comparado com os três programas de reabilitação, a melhora de cada índice no grupo C foi significativamente diferente da dos outros dois grupos (P < 0,05), enquanto não houve diferença significativa na melhora de cada índice entre o tratamento de treinamento isométrico multiangular no grupo A e a técnica de estimulação neuromuscular proprioceptiva no grupo B (P>0,05). Conclusão: A influência da tecnologia de treinamento de recuperação na reeducação muscular do joelho foi proposta, e foi apresentado um plano de reabilitação para a prática de esqui. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Muscle injury in ski sports training has gradually increased, greatly impairing performance in ice and snow sports competitions. Objective: To study muscle injury and muscle movement during ice and snow sports training and the rehabilitation of muscle injuries. Methods: Thirty skiers with knee muscle injuries were selected as subjects and underwent rehabilitation training for six weeks, and the indicators were statistically evaluated. Results: The ski injuries were mainly muscle strain, muscle or ligament strain, and ligament rupture. The indices after treatment were significantly different from those before treatment (P < 0.05); compared with the three rehabilitation programs, the improvement of each index in group C was significantly different from that in the other two groups (P < 0.05), while there was no significant difference in the improvement of each index between the multi-angle isometric training treatment in group A and the proprioceptive neuromuscular stimulation technique in group B (P>0.05). Conclusion: The influence of recovery training technology on knee muscle re-education was proposed, and a rehabilitation plan for skiing was presented. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMEN Introducción: El cuadro de lesiones musculares en el entrenamiento de los deportes de esquí ha ido aumentando progresivamente, lo que perjudica en gran medida el rendimiento en las competiciones de deportes de hielo y nieve. Objetivo: Estudiar las lesiones musculares y el movimiento muscular durante el entrenamiento de los deportes de hielo y nieve, así como la rehabilitación de las lesiones musculares. Métodos: Se seleccionaron como sujetos treinta esquiadores con lesiones musculares en la rodilla y se sometieron a un entrenamiento de rehabilitación durante un total de 6 semanas, y se evaluaron estadísticamente los indicadores. Resultados: Los tipos de lesiones de esquí fueron principalmente la distensión muscular, la distensión muscular o de ligamentos y la rotura de ligamentos. Los índices después del tratamiento fueron significativamente diferentes de los anteriores (P < 0,05); en comparación con los tres programas de rehabilitación, la mejora de cada índice en el grupo C fue significativamente diferente de la de los otros dos grupos (P < 0,05), mientras que no hubo diferencias significativas en la mejora de cada índice entre el tratamiento de entrenamiento isométrico multiángulo en el grupo A y la técnica de estimulación neuromuscular propioceptiva en el grupo B (P>0,05). Conclusión: Se propuso la influencia de la tecnología de entrenamiento de recuperación en la reeducación muscular de la rodilla y se presentó un plan de rehabilitación para el esquí. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-8692202329012022_0169

Compatibility characterization and storage stability of Ficus hirta Vahl. chicken soup powder during storage
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TAN, Minhua

; WANG, Biying

; LIU, Wei

; ZENG, Xiaofang

; ZHANG, Yuanhong

; YU, Limei

Food Science and Technology

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2023, Volume 43 elocation e97122

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Ficus hirta Vahl chicken soup (FHV+C-S) powder is one of the most popular Chinese-style soup powders due to its high nutritional value and special flavor. In this study, infrared spectroscopy was used to investigate the compatibility between FHV and chicken after decoction, and result showed new absorption peaks (1871 and 1522 cm-1) generated in the mixed soup of FHV-chicken, indicating the interaction between FHV and chicken. The storage stability and shelf life of FHV+C-S powder were also estimated, and results indicated that storage temperature and time greatly influenced the acid value (AV) and peroxide value (POV) of FHV+C-S powder. The regression equations of FHV+C-S powder simulated by the first-order kinetic equation and the Arrhenius equation showed a high fit coefficient (R2 > 0.9), and the shelf-life of the powder was predicted to be 568 days. Gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) was employed to analyze the changes in volatile compounds in FHV+C-S powder during storage, and results indicated the fluctuation of flavor compounds, with some decreased with storage time prolonged, such as 2-phenylethanol, hexanal, butanone, butyraldehyde, while some other increased, such as amyl alcohol, valeraldehyde, 2-octanone, 2-heptanone. This demonstrated GC-IMS as a visualized tool for flavor compounds and stability analysis.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.97122

The pattern of alternative splicing and DNA methylation alteration and their interaction in linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) response to repeated drought stresses
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Wang, Ling

; Wang, Lei

; Tan, Meilian

; Wang, Linhai

; Zhao, Wei

; You, Jun

; Wang, Lijun

; Yan, Xingchu

; Wang, Wei

Biological Research

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2023, Volume 56 elocation 12

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background Drought stress has significantly hampered agricultural productivity worldwide and can also result in modifications to DNA methylation levels. However, the dynamics of DNA methylation and its association with the changes in gene transcription and alternative splicing (AS) under drought stress are unknown in linseed, which is frequently cultivated in arid and semiarid regions. Results We analysed AS events and DNA methylation patterns in drought-tolerant (Z141) and drought-sensitive (NY-17) linseed under drought stress (DS) and repeated drought stress (RD) treatments. We found that the number of intron-retention (IR) and alternative 3’ splice site (Alt3’SS) events were significantly higher in Z141 and NY-17 under drought stress. We found that the linseed response to the DS treatment was mainly regulated by transcription, while the response to the RD treatment was coregulated by transcription and AS. Whole genome-wide DNA methylation analysis revealed that drought stress caused an increase in the overall methylation level of linseed. Although we did not observe any correlation between differentially methylated genes (DMGs) and differentially spliced genes (DSGs) in this study, we found that the DSGs whose gene body region was hypermethylated in Z141 and hypomethylated in NY-17 were enriched in abiotic stress response Gene Ontology (GO) terms. This finding implies that gene body methylation plays an important role in AS regulation in some specific genes. Conclusion Our study is the first comprehensive genome-wide analysis of the relationship between linseed methylation changes and AS under drought and repeated drought stress. Our study revealed different interaction patterns between differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and DSGs under DS and RD treatments and differences between methylation and AS regulation in drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive linseed varieties. The findings will probably be of interest in the future. Our results provide interesting insights into the association between gene expression, AS, and DNA methylation in linseed under drought stress. Differences in these associations may account for the differences in linseed drought tolerance.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s40659-023-00424-7

10.

China's digital transformation: Data-empowered state capitalism and social governmentality
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Wang, Wayne Wei

The African Journal of Information and Communication

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2023, Volume 31 Páginas 1 - 13

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The article scrutinises the trajectory of China's establishment of a digital state, rooted in a "whole-of-nation" system-or aptly termed (party-)state capitalism. The author illustrates the path of formulating and enforcing strategies to digitalise public services-including, importantly, the digital identity infrastructure-via institutional concentration that exemplifies both the positive and the exclusionary nature of social big data in streamlining administrative procedures. Two catalysts are spotlighted in China's digital transformation: quasi-neoliberal market processes, and technology's social change spillover effects. The author points to the fact that, since its inception, the contemporary Chinese state has created a cybernetic justification for "social governmentality", as a means to redress potential informational imbalances in the process of ruling the state polity. For the Chinese administrative hierarchy, data provides the means to execute a top-down correctivist paradigm for steering societal conduct, a paradigm integrated into (but also to some extent in tension with) data-empowered state capitalism.

https://doi.org/10.23962/ajic.i31.16296

11.

Nutrition management by a multidisciplinary team for prevention of nutritional deficits and morbidity following esophagectomy
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Chen, Juan

; Luo, Ai-Lin

; Yang, Lin

; Wang, Wei

; Zhou, Xian

; Yang, Mei

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2023, Volume 56 elocation e12421

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

This study evaluated the effects of perioperative nutrition management by a multidisciplinary team on nutrition and postoperative complications of patients with esophageal cancer. A total of 239 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent esophagectomy and gastric conduit reconstruction for esophageal or esophagogastric junction cancer between February 2019 and February 2020 were included in the study. They were divided into the experimental group (120 patients) and the control group (119 patients) using the random number table method. Control group patients received routine diet management and experimental group patients received perioperative nutrition management by a multidisciplinary team. The differences of nutriture and postoperative complications between the two groups were compared. At 3 and 7 days after surgery, the experimental group patients had higher total protein and albumin levels (P<0.05), shorter postoperative anal exhaust time (P<0.05), lower incidence of postoperative gastrointestinal adverse reactions, pneumonia, anastomotic fistula, hypoproteinemia (P<0.05), and lower hospitalization costs (P<0.05) than the control group. Nutrition management by a multidisciplinary team effectively improved the nutriture of patients, promoted the rapid recovery of postoperative gastrointestinal function, reduced postoperative complications, and reduced hospitalization costs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x2023e12421

12.

Transcriptome analysis reveals the gene expression changes in postharvest goji berry (Lycium barbarum L.) in response to hydrogen sulfide treatment
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WANG, Wei

; NI, Zhi-Jing

; AN, Ya-Jing

; SONG, Chang-Bing

; MA, Wen-Ping

; MA, Jia-Hui

; WEI, Zhao-Jun

Food Science and Technology

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2023, Volume 43 elocation e115322

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is recognized for its beneficial role in postharvest fruit and vegetable preservation. Postharvest goji berries are easy to mildew and rot which reduce the nutritional value, flavor, and shelf life. Hydrogen sulfide treatment could improve the quality attributes of postharvest goji berry (Lycium barbarum L.); however, it is not clear that the effects of H2S at the transcriptional level in postharvest goji berries. Our data revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of fresh goji fruits after H2S treatment were different with different storage time. There were 523 DEGs in the three comparison groups after H2S treatment on the 2nd, 4th and 6th day of storage. In the pathway of KEGG metabolic function, most of the DEGs were conserved in carbohydrate metabolism, secondary metabolites biosynthesis, amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, energy metabolism, the metabolic pathways of terpenoids and polyketones. The genes in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, starch, and sucrose metabolism pathway were selected and validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Our results provide insights into the effect of H2S on postharvest goji berries at the transcriptional level and provide the basis for application of H2S as gas regulator for preservation of goji berry.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.115322

13.

SENSOR FOR PREDNISOLONE DETECTION IN SPORTS DOPING
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Wang, Wenping

; Wazir, Mohd Rozilee Wazir Norjali

; Geok, Soh Kim

; Gao, Yongqi

; Xiong, Wei

Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte

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2023, Volume 29 elocation e2022_0435

Resumo: En Es Pt | Texto: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Introduction: Prednisolone causes pro-inflammatory impulses to be inhibited and anti-inflammatory signals to be promoted. As a result, it alters how the body's immune system reacts to certain diseases. The World Anti-Doping Agency, however, has banned SNP and other glucocorticosteroids. An electrochemical sensor can be developed using a gold nanocomposite, polypyrrole nanoparticles and synthesized carbon nanotubes (Au-PPy NPs@CNTs). Objective: Develop an electrochemical sensor to detect prednisolone. Method: Au-PPy NPs@CNTs nanocomposite was chemically synthesized with a modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surface. Results: According to SEM data, the nanocomposite was composed of amorphous Au NPs, and PPy NPs deposited in tubes strongly entangled in a CNTs network. The wide linear range and low detection limit of the Au-PPy NPs@CNTs/GCE as prednisolone sensors were attributed to the combined catalytic performance of the Au and PPy NPs@CNTs nanostructures. Conclusion: The results of prednisolone detection in each specimen using the amperometric method indicated good accuracy. The accuracy and precision of Au-PPy NPs@CNTs/GCE for prednisolone detection were explored in blood samples from 5 young athletes aged 20-24 years who used prednisolone tablets (RSD less than 4.25%). In addition to monitoring prednisolone concentrations in athletes’ serum, Au-PPy NPs@CNTs/GCE can be used as a reliable prednisolone sensor. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigating treatment outcomes.

RESUMEN Introducción: La prednisolona hace que se inhiban los impulsos proinflamatorios y se promuevan las señales antiinflamatorias. Como resultado, altera la forma en que el sistema inmunológico del cuerpo reacciona a ciertas enfermedades. Sin embargo, la Agencia Mundial Antidopaje ha prohibido el SNP y otros glucocorticosteroides. Utilizando un nanocompuesto de oro, nanopartículas de polipirrol y nanotubos de carbono sintetizados (Au-PPy NPs@CNTs), se puede desarrollar un sensor electroquímico. Objetivo: Desarrollar un sensor electroquímico para detectar la prednisolona. Método: Se sintetizó químicamente el nanocompuesto Au-PPy NPs@CNTs con una superficie de electrodo de carbono vítreo (GCE) modificada. Resultados: Según los datos del SEM, se comprobó que el nanocompuesto estaba compuesto de Au NPs y NPs de PP amorfo y depositados en tubos fuertemente enredados en una red de CNTs. El amplio rango lineal y el bajo límite de detección de Au-PPy NPs@CNTs/GCE como sensores de prednisolona se atribuyeron al rendimiento catalítico combinado de las nanoestructuras de Au y PPy NPs@CNTs. Conclusión: Los resultados de la detección de prednisolona en cada muestra mediante el método amperométrico indicaron una buena precisión. Se exploró la exactitud y precisión de las Au-PPy NPs@CNTs/GCE para la detección de prednisolona en muestras de sangre preparadas a partir de 5 jóvenes atletas de entre 20 y 24 años de edad que utilizaban tabletas de prednisolona (RSD inferior al 4,25%). Además de controlar las concentraciones de prednisolona en el suero de los deportistas, Au-PPy NPs@CNTs/GCE puede utilizarse como un sensor fiable de prednisolona. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

RESUMO Introdução: A prednisolona faz com que os impulsos pró-inflamatórios sejam inibidos e os sinais anti-inflamatórios sejam promovidos. Como resultado, ela altera a forma como o sistema imunológico do corpo reage a certas doenças. A Agência Mundial Antidoping, no entanto, proibiu o SNP e outros glucocorticoesteroides. Usando um nanocomposto de ouro, nanopartículas de polipirrol e nanotubos de carbono sintetizados (Au-PPy NPs@CNTs), um sensor eletroquímico pode ser desenvolvido. Objetivo: Desenvolver um sensor eletroquímico para detectar a prednisolona. Método: O nanocompósito Au-PPy NPs@CNTs foi sintetizado quimicamente com uma superfície de eletrodo de carbono vítreo modificado (GCE). Resultados: De acordo com dados da SEM, o nanocomposto foi descoberto como sendo composto de Au NPs e NPs de PPy amorfo, depositados em tubos fortemente emaranhados em uma rede de CNTs. O amplo alcance linear e o baixo limite de detecção do Au-PPy NPs@CNTs/GCE como sensores de prednisolona foram atribuídos ao desempenho catalítico combinado das nanoestruturas de Au e PPy NPs@CNTs. Conclusão: Os resultados da detecção de prednisolona em cada espécime usando o método de amperometria indicaram boa precisão. A precisão e a acurácia de Au-PPy NPs@CNTs/GCE para a detecção de prednisolona foram exploradas em amostras de sangue preparadas de 5 atletas jovens de 20 a 24 anos que usaram comprimidos de prednisolona (RSD inferior a 4,25%). Além de monitorar as concentrações de prednisolona no soro dos atletas, Au-PPy NPs@CNTs/GCE pode ser usado como um sensor confiável de prednisolona. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-8692202329012022_0435

14.

IMPACTS OF MUSCLE TRAINING LOADS ON COLLEGE STUDENTS' PHYSICAL FITNESS
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Lu, Wang

; Hua, Zheng

; Tailin, Wang

; Xuanxi, Wei

Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte

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2023, Volume 29 elocation e2022_0736

Resumo: En Es Pt | Texto: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Introduction: Due to the excessive value of contemporary intellectual education, the physical fitness of college students has become precarious. This gradual deficit requires innovative solutions to inhibit the negative impacts on the physical quality that inevitably impact students' learning ability. Objective: Verify the impacts of varied loads in muscular strength exercise on college students and their practical repercussions on the diversified development of physical education classes. Methods: We selected 90 non-sporting college students, sedentary and without physical diseases, divided into experimental group 1 with medium intensity load, experimental group 2 with a low-intensity load, and a control group. Before and after the experiment, the relevant fitness indicators were evaluated, and finally, the data were statistically integrated and analyzed. Results: Group 1 increased from 52.25 ± 5.57kg before training to 54.56 ± 6.02kg, with a very significant change; experimental group 2 increased from 53.32 ± 4.89kg before training to 54.21 ± 5.22kg, showing a very significant change as well. Conclusion: Establishing the intensity of load muscle training scientifically and rationally can improve college students' physical quality and muscle strength, and promote the healthy and coordinated development of their psychological and physical quality. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMEN Introducción: En detrimento de la sobrevaloración de la formación intelectual contemporánea, la forma física de los universitarios se ha vuelto precaria. Este déficit gradual requiere soluciones innovadoras destinadas a inhibir los impactos negativos sobre la calidad física, que inevitablemente repercuten en la capacidad de aprendizaje de los alumnos. Objetivo: Verificar los impactos de cargas variadas en ejercicios de fuerza muscular en estudiantes universitarios y su repercusión práctica en el desarrollo diversificado de las clases de educación física. Métodos: Se seleccionaron 90 estudiantes universitarios de áreas no deportivas, sedentarios y sin enfermedades físicas, divididos en grupo experimental 1 con carga de intensidad media, grupo experimental 2 con carga de intensidad baja y grupo control. Antes y después del experimento, se evaluaron los indicadores de aptitud pertinentes y, por último, se integraron y analizaron estadísticamente los datos. Resultados: El grupo 1 aumentó de 52,25 ± 5,57 kg antes del entrenamiento a 54,56 ± 6,02 kg, con un cambio muy significativo; el grupo experimental 2 aumentó de 53,32 ± 4,89 kg antes del entrenamiento a 54,21 ± 5,22 kg, mostrando también un cambio muy significativo. Conclusión: Establecer la intensidad del entrenamiento muscular de carga de forma científica y racional puede mejorar la calidad física y la fuerza muscular de los estudiantes universitarios, así como promover el desarrollo saludable y coordinado de su calidad psicológica y física. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

RESUMO Introdução: Em detrimento da supervalorização da educação intelectual contemporânea, o condicionamento físico dos estudantes universitários tem se tornado precário. Este déficit gradual requer soluções inovadoras visando inibir os impactos negativos à qualidade física que inevitavelmente repercutiram sobre a capacidade de aprendizagem dos estudantes. Objetivo: Verificar os impactos de cargas variadas no exercício de força muscular sobre os estudantes universitários e sua repercussão prática sobre o desenvolvimento diversificado das aulas de educação física. Métodos: Foram selecionados 90 estudantes universitários de áreas não esportivas, sedentários e sem doenças físicas, divididos em grupo experimental 1 com carga de média intensidade, grupo experimental 2 com carga de baixa intensidade e grupo de controle. Antes e depois do experimento, os indicadores de aptidão física relevantes foram avaliados, e finalmente os dados foram integrados estatisticamente e analisados. Resultados: O grupo 1 aumentou de 52,25 ± 5,57kg antes do treinamento para 54,56 ± 6,02kg, com uma mudança muito significativa; o grupo experimental 2 aumentou de 53,32 ± 4,89kg antes do treinamento para 54,21 ± 5,22kg, apresentando alteração também muito significativa. Conclusão: Estabelecer a intensidade do treinamento muscular de carga no treinamento muscular de forma científica e racional pode melhorar a qualidade física e a força muscular dos estudantes universitários, além de promover o desenvolvimento sadio e coordenado da qualidade psicológica e física desses estudantes. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-8692202329012022_0736

15.

REACTION SPEED TRAINING IN VOLLEYBALL
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Wang, Jing

; Wu, Xue

; Feng, Wei

; Liu, Hongyan

Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte

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2023, Volume 29 elocation e2022_0621

Resumo: En Es Pt | Texto: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Introduction: Volleyball is a team sport where winning the confrontation at the net largely determines characteristics. Volleyball players must constantly strive to improve team cooperation, defensive ability, and speed skills to improve their ability to perform over the net. Objective: Establish a fixed intensity load model for speed training on the athlete's visual response in volleyball. Methods: This paper selected several volleyball players as research subjects, randomly divided into two groups (regular training and experimental groups). The experimental group was subjected to a visual response speed training protocol based on routine training. Mathematical statistics were employed to analyze the athletes’ reaction speed and defensive ability against the net. Results: The qualities analyzed, mainly movement speed, swing speed, agility, and endurance for fast swing and fast movement, showed a significant differential after the intervention. The speed response was concentrated in the center of body balance. The lower limbs increased the endurance for speed. After visual reaction speed training, the experimental group's ability to cope with attacks on the net was statistically superior (P<0.05). Conclusion: The proposed protocol can improve the reaction speed training of volleyball players. Volleyball players should reinforce reaction speed training daily to perform better close to the net. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMEN Introducción: El voleibol es un deporte de equipo y sus características ganadoras están determinadas en gran medida por el enfrentamiento en la red. Los jugadores de voleibol deben esforzarse constantemente por mejorar la cooperación en equipo, la capacidad defensiva y las habilidades de velocidad para mejorar su capacidad de actuación sobre la red. Objetivo: Establecer un modelo de carga de intensidad fija para el entrenamiento de velocidad sobre la respuesta visual del deportista en el voleibol. Métodos: Este trabajo selecciona a varios jugadores de voleibol como sujetos de investigación, divididos aleatoriamente en dos grupos (grupos de entrenamiento regular y grupos experimentales). El grupo experimental tuvo el diferencial de ser sometido a un protocolo de entrenamiento de la velocidad de respuesta visual basado en el entrenamiento rutinario. Se emplearon estadísticas matemáticas para analizar la velocidad de reacción y la capacidad defensiva de los atletas contra la red. Resultados: Las cualidades analizadas, principalmente la velocidad de movimiento, la velocidad de balanceo, la agilidad y la resistencia para el balanceo rápido y el movimiento rápido mostraron un diferencial significativo después de la intervención. La velocidad de respuesta se concentró en el centro de equilibrio del cuerpo. La resistencia para la velocidad se incrementó en los miembros inferiores. Tras el entrenamiento de la velocidad de reacción visual, la capacidad del grupo experimental para afrontar los ataques sobre la red fue estadísticamente superior (P<0,05). Conclusión: El entrenamiento de la velocidad de reacción de los jugadores de voleibol puede mejorar con el protocolo propuesto. Los jugadores de voleibol deben reforzar el entrenamiento de la velocidad de reacción en su formación diaria para mejorar su capacidad de actuación cerca de la red. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

RESUMO Introdução: O voleibol é um esporte coletivo e suas características de vitória são determinadas em grande parte pelo confronto em rede. Os jogadores de vôlei devem se esforçar constantemente para melhorar a cooperação da equipe, a capacidade defensiva e habilidades de velocidade para melhorar a capacidade de atuarem pela a rede. Objetivo: Estabelecer um modelo de carga de intensidade fixa para o treinamento de velocidade na resposta visual do atleta em voleibol. Métodos: Este trabalho seleciona vários jogadores de vôlei como objetos de pesquisa, divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos (grupos de treinamento regular e grupos experimentais). O grupo experimental teve o diferencial de ser submetido a um protocolo treinamento de velocidade de resposta visual baseado no treinamento de rotina. Estatísticas matemáticas foram empregadas para analisar a velocidade de reação dos atletas e a capacidade defensiva contra a rede. Resultados: As qualidades analisadas, principalmente velocidade de movimento, velocidade de balanço, agilidade e resistência para balanço rápido e movimento rápido mostraram um diferencial significativo após a intervenção. A velocidade de resposta concentrou-se no centro de equilíbrio corporal. A resistência para a velocidade foi incrementada pelos membros inferiores. Após o treinamento da velocidade de reação visual, a capacidade do grupo experimental de enfrentar os ataques sobre a rede foi estatisticamente superior (P<0,05). Conclusão: O treinamento da velocidade de reação dos jogadores de vôlei pode ser aprimorado com o protocolo proposto. Os jogadores de vôlei devem reforçar o treinamento da velocidade de reação em seu treinamento diário afim de uma melhor capacidade de atuação próxima à rede. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-8692202329012022_0621

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