Classic depictions of human evolutionary ecology cast Homo as predator and other hominins, including Paranthropus robustus, as prey. Such hypotheses rest on a small number of fossils that exhibit evidence of carnivore predation, including the iconic SK 54 cranium from Swartkrans in South Africa. Here we demonstrate that the SK 54 cranium shares its closest affinities with H. erectus sensu lato rather than P. robustus. Demonstrating that Homo was prey for leopards at Swartkrans weakens the historically significant hypothesis that Homo was better able to avoid predation because of being behaviourally and technologically advanced compared to Paranthropus. Subsequent ideas about hominin palaeobiology derived from this hypothesis warrant reconsideration. SIGNIFICANCE: • The small sample of early Homo from southern Africa is increased by the allocation of the SK 54 cranium to that genus. • Evidence from Swartkrans suggests that Homo was prey for leopards. • Hypotheses concerning the biology, behaviour, and technological capabilities of Homo and P. robustus stemming from Brain's seminal work, The Hunters or the Hunted?, should be reassessed.

To date, political scientists have argued that Brazilians' attitudes about neoliberal reforms play no role in mass political behavior or political assessments. In this paper, I provide evidence that Brazilians do politicize economic policy debates. Data from a January 1998 survey demonstrate that mass attitudes about privatization, foreign direct investment and free trade influenced citizens' evaluations of the Fernando Henrique Cardoso presidency. Moreover, there is no evidence to support the conventional wisdom that less educated Brazilians are less rational and coherent when it comes to evaluating their president.

Jusqu'à nos jours, les experts politiques soutiennent que l'avis des Brésiliens au sujet des réformes néolibérales n'ont pas d'influence sur le comportement politique ni sur l'évaluation politique de la part des électeurs. Dans cet article, l'auteur veut montrer que, au contraire, les Brésiliens politisent les débats sur la politique économique. Les données d'un survey effectué en janvier de 1998 montrent que les attitudes de l'électorat à propos de la privatisation, des investissements étrangers et de la libéralisation du marché ont eu une influence sur l'évaluation de l'action présidentielle de Fernando Henrique Cardoso. Par ailleurs, il n'y a pas de preuves entérinant l'idée habituelle selon laquelle les Brésiliens peu scolarisés sont moins rationnels et cohérents lors de l'évaluation de leur président.