Abstract The growing demand for multiparameter sensors includes compact devices accompanied by simple calibration processes to distinguish the outputs from each other. This paper evaluates a scheme to determine multiple parameters of a medium using localized surface plasmon resonances (SPR) excited on a Dshaped photonic crystal fiber (PCF) partially covered by two gold layers of different thicknesses. We demonstrate that the proposed sensing platform, once customized to characterize the possible dispersive profiles of the refractive index of the analyte, also allows interrogating the temperature of a sample from a linear relationship. Since the plasmonic resonances are excited at separated and low crosstalk spectral channels, different sensing responses can be obtained simultaneously in the same location of the D-shaped PCF. These features turn out the SPR sensor a suitable tool for simultaneous monitoring of optical dispersion and temperature. other (SPR PCF (PCF thicknesses platform analyte relationship channels D shaped

Resumo A escolha da análise estatística de dados deveria ser guiada por uma análise crítica que fundamenta a relação teórica entre construto e seus indicadores. Este teórico artigo faz uma revisão dos três principais paradigmas psicométricos e suas propostas de explicação da relação entre os indicadores e seus construtos. A discussão é iniciada com o paradigma padrão que guia a construção e análise de dados na psicologia, os modelos reflexivos. Em seguida, é realizada uma descrição dos modelos formativos e, por fim, a proposta da Análise de Redes como alternativa. São apresentadas as definições, consequências e limitações do uso de cada modelo de medida, bem como uma reflexão na tomada de decisão sobre quais mecanismos de geração de dados são mais apropriados. construtos psicologia reflexivos seguida fim alternativa definições medida apropriados

Abstract The choice of statistical data analysis should be guided by a critical analysis that supports the theoretical relationship between the construct and its indicators. This theoretical article reviews the three main existing psychometric paradigms and their proposals for explaining the relationship between indicators and their constructs. The discussion begins with the standard paradigm that guides the construction and analysis of data in psychology, reflective model. Then, a description of the formative models is performed and finally the Network Analysis as an alternative. The definitions, consequences, and limitations of the use of each measurement model are presented such as a reflection on making decisions about which data generation mechanisms are more appropriate. constructs psychology Then alternative definitions consequences appropriate

RESUMO A urolitíase apresenta alta incidência em ovinos confinados, etiologia multifatorial, e pode causar prejuízo econômico. O objetivo do presente estudo foi determinar a capacidade da acidificação urinária mediante o uso de cloreto de amônio em ovinos. Foram utilizados 25 ovinos de três meses de idade, confinados e divididos aleatoriamente em três grupos: grupo CG (controle) não recebeu cloreto de amônio; grupo G200 (200mg/kg/PV) recebeu cloreto de amônio por 56 dias consecutivos; grupo G500 (500mg/kg/PV) recebeu cloreto de amônio por 56 dias consecutivos, administrados diariamente por via oral. Os momentos (M) de colheita de amostras e de avaliação clínica foram realizados com intervalo de sete dias, sendo M1 (imediatamente antes do cloreto de amônio), M2 (sete dias após) até M9, totalizando 70 dias de confinamento. Foram realizadas hemogasometria, concentração sérica de ureia e creatinina e avaliação ultrassonográfica do trato urinário. Na urinálise, houve uma maior incidência de cristais de fosfato amônio magnesiano no início do estudo, com migração para formação de cristais de urato, principalmente no G500, devido à acidificação urinária. Não houve alterações hemogasométricas, na bioquímica sérica, no líquido ruminal, ou alterações ultrassonográficas. A acidificação urinária foi obtida e mantida a partir do M7 durante a administração do cloreto de amônio no grupo G500, não ocorrendo nos outros grupos de estudo.

ABSTRACT Urolithiasis has a high incidence among confined sheep. It is multifactorial and may cause economic damage. Our aim was to determine the capacity of urinary acidification using ammonium chloride in sheep. Twenty-five 3-month-old male sheep were confined and randomly divided into three groups; the G200 and G500 groups received 200mg/kg/GW and 500mg/kg/GW of ammonium chloride daily for 56 consecutive days, respectively, whereas the CG group did not receive ammonium chloride. Sampling times and clinical evaluation were performed weekly, starting from the 14th day of confinement (M1 or immediately before administering ammonium chloride) until the 17th day (M9) of the feedlot. Hemogasometry, biochemical examination of serum urea and creatinine concentration and ultrasound evaluation of the urinary tract were performed. The urinalysis indicated a higher incidence of ammonium magnesium phosphate crystals at the beginning of the study, showing a migration to urate crystal formation, mainly in the G500 group because of urinary acidification. No hemogasometric, serum biochemistry, ruminal fluid, or ultrasonographic changes were observed. Urinary acidification was achieved and maintained after M7 during the administration of ammonium chloride in the G500 group, but not in the other study groups.

RESUMO Avaliou-se a maturidade pulmonar de cabritos no líquido amniótico de suas mães pela coloração de Shor, pelo azul de Nilo e pela contagem de corpos lamelares, bem como a vitalidade e os níveis de glicose e lactato séricos em cabritos nascidos a termo e prematuros. Para tanto, foram utilizados 32 cabritos, divididos em três grupos, a saber: grupo I: cabritos nascidos de cesarianas com 149 dias de gestação; grupo II: cabritos nascidos de cesarianas com 143 dias de gestação; e grupo III: cabritos nascidos de cesarianas com 143 dias de gestação, oriundos de mães que receberam, por via intramuscular, 20mg/cabra de dexametasona, 36 horas antes da cirurgia eletiva. A coloração de Shorr e a contagem de corpos lamelares demonstraram ser métodos diagnósticos promissores para a avaliação da maturidade pulmonar em neonatos caprinos. Contudo, a administração de dexametasona nas cabras no período antenatal não influenciou a maturidade fetal. Constatou-se, entretanto, que a avaliação física do paciente, logo após o nascimento, também se mostra fundamental no que tange à percepção da vitalidade e da viabilidade de cabritos recém-nascidos.

ABSTRACT Pulmonary maturity of goats in their amniotic fluid was evaluated by Shor, Nile blue staining, and lamellar body count, as well as vitality and serum glucose and lactate levels in term and premature goats. Twenty-four kids were divided into three groups: group I: comprised of eight animals born by cesarean section with 149 days of gestation; group II: comprised of eight animals born by cesarean section with 143 days of gestation; and group III: comprised of eight animals born by cesarean section with 143 days of gestation, in which the does received intramuscular dexamethasone (20mg/goat) 36 hours prior to elective cesarean section. Shorr staining and lamellar body count have shown to be promising diagnostic methods for the assessment of lung maturity in goat neonates. However, the administration of dexamethasone to goats during antenatal period did not influence fetal maturity. It was verified that the physical evaluation of the patient, shortly after birth, is fundamental for the perception of vitality and viability of newborn goats.

RESUMO De modo a praticar uma agricultura sustentável, os agricultores devem adotar práticas corretas e respeitadoras do ambiente, utilizando a tecnologia adequada e cumprindo a regulamentação da UE para uma agricultura sustentável. Os desenvolvimentos recentes da ciência e da tecnologia, que poderiam ser um valor acrescentado para a gestão das culturas e da terra, continuam a não ser utilizados em muitas situações por não terem chegado ao conhecimento dos agricultores ou estes não terem sido treinados para os utilizar. O objectivo deste estudo foi o de definir competências no domínio da tecnologia agrícola, em áreas onde ocorreram avanços tecnológicos que podem ajudar os agricultores a praticar uma agricultura mais sustentável. Foram identificadas seis áreas principais: 1) Agricultura de precisão; 2) Proteção integrada; 3) Reutilização agrícola de resíduos orgânicos; 4) Rega gota-a-gota e tecnologias de conservação da água; 5) Energias renováveis e 6) Bioenergia e culturas energéticas. Para cada uma destas áreas foram definidas competências específicas com enfâse na sensibilização sobre os aspectos da sustentabilidade na agricultura e na introdução aos principais desenvolvimentos tecnológicos. Estas competências foram depois utilizadas no desenvolvimento de um novo programa de formação profissional para agricultores, cujos cursos de formação decorreram durante o ano de 2019 na Grécia, Itália e Portugal, para um total de cerca de 600 agricultores.

ABSTRACT In order to practice a sustainable agriculture, farmers should adopt correct and environmental friendly practices, using appropriate technology and complying with EU regulations for a sustainable agriculture. Recent developments in science and technology, that could be an added value for farmers’ crop and land management, are still unused in many situations because farmers have not been introduced to them or have not been trained to use them. The purpose of this study was to define job-specific skills in agricultural thematic areas where significant technological developments occurred and that can help farmers for a more sustainable agriculture. Six major areas were identified: 1) Precision agriculture; 2) Integrated pest management; 3) Agricultural reuse of organic residuals; 4) Drip irrigation and water-conserving technologies; 5) Renewable energy; and 6) Bioenergy and energy crops. For each of these areas there were defined job-specific skills for farmers with a highlight in the awareness for all agricultural sustainability aspects and in the introduction to major technological developments. These skills were then used to develop a new innovative training program for farmers. The training courses were delivered during 2019 in Greece, Italy and Portugal to around 600 farmers.

RESUMO Este trabalho descreve as espécies do gênero Eimeria Schneider, 1875, que ocorreram em um confinamento de cordeiros, bem como as dinâmicas da eliminação de oocistos no ambiente, a correlação com o ganho de peso médio diário (GMD) e as variáveis climáticas, durante nove semanas. Cento e quatro cordeiros de diversas raças e cruzas, com aproximadamente 60 dias de vida, foram confinados e submetidos a pesagens e avaliações clínicas e coprológicas periódicas. Amostras de fezes com mais de 500 oocistos de Eimeria por grama de fezes (OoPG) foram separadas para esporulação e identificação das espécies. Entre os oocistos avaliados, foram identificadas as espécies: E. parva, E. crandallis, E. ovinoidalis, E. weybridgensis, E. bakuensis, E. marsica, E. ahsata, E. granulosa, E. pallida e E. faurei. Eimeria crandallis foi a mais frequente, presente em 44 das 58 amostras avaliadas, enquanto E. parva foi a mais abundante nas contagens individuais. Nenhum dos animais apresentou quadro de eimeriose, e coeficientes negativos foram encontrados nas correlações OoPG vs. GMD (-0,075) e OoPG vs. pluviosidade (-0,1164), enquanto para OoPG vs. temperatura foi encontrado coeficiente positivo (0,2914). Animais positivos para a eliminação de oocistos apresentaram infecção mista nas avaliações semanais, com até sete espécies parasitando um mesmo cordeiro.

ABSTRACT This study describes the Eimeria Schneider, 1875 species that occurred in a lamb feedlot, as well as the dynamics of oocyst output in the environment and its correlation with daily weight gain (DWG) and climatic variables during nine weeks. One hundred and four lambs of various breeds and crossbreeds, at approximately 60 days old, were placed in a feedlot and submitted to periodic weighing and clinical and coprological evaluations. Fecal samples presenting more than 500 Eimeria spp. oocysts per gram (OPG) were separated for sporulation, and oocysts were identified at species level. Among evaluated oocysts, the following species were identified: E. parva, E. crandallis, E. ovinoidalis, E. weybridgensis, E. bakuensis, E. marsica, E. ahsata, E. granulosa, E. pallida and E. faurei. Eimeria crandallis was the most frequent one, being identified in 44 of the 58 evaluated samples, while E. parva was the more abundant in individual counts in most weeks. None of the animals presented clinical signs of eimeriosis and negative correlation coefficients were found for OPG vs DWG (-0.075) and OPG vs rainfall, as for OPG vs temperature this coefficient was positive. Animals shedding oocysts presented mixed infection, with up to seven species parasitizing the same lamb.

RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi procurar proteínas de fase aguda que possam indicar sinais de maturação no neonato prematuro, por meio da quantificação sérica delas. Identificou-se a imunoglobulina A, a ceruloplasmina, a haptoglobina, a glicoproteína ácida, a transferrina, a albumina e as imunoglobulinas G de cadeias leve e pesada, pela comparação do perfil dos proteinogramas de cordeiros nascidos a termo com os prematuros submetidos a diferentes protocolos terapêuticos, a fim de estimular a atividade respiratória. Constituíram-se seis grupos: PN (n= 9): nascidos de parto normal; CN (n= 7): nascidos de cesariana em tempo normal de gestação; CP (n= 6): nascidos de cesariana prematura sem nenhum tipo de tratamento; DEX (n= 9): prematuros cujas mães receberam dexametasona pré-parto; SURF (n= 6): prematuros tratados com surfactante; e DEXSURF (n= 6): prematuros tratados com surfactante cujas mães receberam dexametasona pré-parto. As avaliações foram realizadas nos momentos imediatamente após o nascimento (M0), após 24 (M24) e após 48 horas (M48). As amostras foram processadas por meio de eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida contendo dodecil sulfato de sódio (SDS-PAGE). A albumina, as imunoglobulinas e a proteína total dos cordeiros tiveram elevação após a ingestão de colostro. Maiores valores séricos de transferrina são referentes a maior período gestacional, podendo essa proteína ser utilizada como marcador de maturação neonatal.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to search for acute phase proteins that could indicate signs of maturation in the premature neonate by quantifying them in serum. Immunoglobulin A, ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin, acid glycoprotein, tranferrin, albumin, light and heavy chain immunoglobulin G were quantified, comparing the profile of proteinograms from term to preterm lambs submitted to different protocols that stimulate respiratory activity. Six groups were used: PN (n= 9): born from normal birth; CN (n= 7): born from caesarean section at normal time of gestation; CP (n= 6): born from premature cesarean without any type of treatment; DEX (n= 9) preterm whose mothers received prepartum dexamethasone; SURF (n= 6) preterm treated with surfactant; DEXSURF (n= 6): preterm treated with surfactant whose mothers received prepartum dexamethasone. The evaluations were performed immediately after birth (M 0 ), after 24 and 48 hours (M 24 and M 48 ). Samples were processed with sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Albumin, immunoglobulins, and serum total protein of the lambs were elevated, after colostrum ingestion. Higher serum transferrin values refer to a longer gestational period, and this protein may be used as a marker of neonatal maturation.

RESUMO Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa monitorar e avaliar o ambiente térmico e realizar o mapeamento térmico completo das variáveis temperatura do ar, umidade relativa do ar e índice de temperatura e umidade de aviário para frangos de corte. A pesquisa foi conduzida durante inverno, no Brasil, em aviário comercial, com fechamento completo em alvenaria de blocos de concreto, sistema de ventilação mecanizada por pressão negativa em período integral, e aquecimento do ar do ambiente interno via ar aquecido por fornalha a lenha localizada externamente à instalação. O aviário é totalmente automatizado, possuindo 30.000 aves alojadas na densidade de 15 aves m-2. Diante da análise dos dados do ambiente térmico verificou-se que o modelo de instalação com fechamento em alvenaria não garantiu distribuição térmica homogênea no interior do aviário, com a região central apresentando os maiores valores de temperatura do ar e os menores valores de umidade relativa do ar. O ambiente interno não permitiu conforto térmico às aves alojadas, as quais se encontraram para determinadas situações, em algumas regiões internas ao aviário, sob desconforto térmico.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to monitor and evaluate the thermal environment and undertake a complete mapping of the variables air temperature, air relative humidity, and temperature-humidity index for broilers. The research was conducted during the winter, in Brazil, in a commercial poultry house fully walled with concrete-block masonry, equipped with a full-time negative-pressure mechanized ventilation system and indoor-environment air heating by a wood-burning furnace located outside the facility. The shed was fully automated and housed 30,000 birds at a density of 15 birds m-2. Thermal-environment data analysis revealed that the masonry-wall model did not ensure homogeneous thermal distribution within the poultry house, with the central region showing the highest air temperature and lowest air relative humidity values. The indoor environment did not provide thermal comfort to the housed birds, which were under thermal discomfort in certain situations in some internal regions of the shed.

Abstract Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) remains a major cause of preventable death and disability in children and young adults. Despite significant advances in medical technology and increased understanding of disease mechanisms, RHD continues to be a serious public health problem throughout the world, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Echocardiographic screening has played a key role in improving the accuracy of diagnosing RHD and has highlighted the disease burden. Most affected patients present with severe valve disease and limited access to life-saving cardiac surgery or percutaneous valve intervention, contributing to increased mortality and other complications. Although understanding of disease pathogenesis has advanced in recent years, key questions remain to be addressed. Preventing or providing early treatment for streptococcal infections is the most important step in reducing the burden of this disease.

Introdução: A enterocolite a Clostridium difficile é uma das mais preocupantes infecções da atualidade pela incidência, gravidade e frequência de recidivas Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo, baseado nos registos dos doentes com infecção comprovada, internados no Hospital Beatriz Ângelo (18 meses). Os casos foram divididos em dois grupos: “primo-infecção” e “recidiva”. Foram avaliados: idade; sexo; local de aquisição da infecção; antibioterapia prévia; utilização prévia de inibidores da bomba de protões; critérios de gravidade: idade > 65 anos, leucócitos > 20 000/uL e creatinina > 1,5 vezes o valor basal do doente; antibioterapia efetuada; duração terapêutica; duração do internamento e mortalidade. Resultados:A gravidade foi superior nas primo-infecções (leucócitos > 20 000/uL 21,3% vs 12,0%, creatinina > 1,5 vezes o valor basal 38,3% vs 20,8%) assim como a mortalidade (23,4% vs 4,0%). Embora a vancomicina em monoterapia ou em associação ao metronidazol esteja recomendada nas situações graves, nos doentes com primo-infecção e que apresentavam 2 ou 3 critérios de gravidade, o metronidazol isolado foi a escolha mais frequente (46,2% para 2 critérios e 57,1% para 3 critérios). Nas recidivas constatou-se maior utilização da vancomicina mesmo nos casos menos graves (100,0% para 0 critérios e 68,8% para 1 critério). A utilização de inibidores da bomba de protões foi superior nas recidivas (84,0% vs 65,2%). Conclusão: Este estudo sugere maior gravidade e mortalidade nas primo-infecções; realça a importância de estadiar em gravidade de modo a optar pela melhor terapêutica e apoia a ideia de que os inibidores da bomba de protões possam ser factor de risco.

Introduction:Clostridium difficile infection has worryingly increased in incidence, severity and relapse rates. Methods: An 18-month retrospective analysis was carried out based on the clinical records of patients with confirmed infection hospitalized in Beatriz Ângelo Hospital, Portugal. Subjects were divided into two groups: ‘primary-infection’ and ‘relapse’. The following clinical characteristics were assessed: age, gender, community versus hospital acquired infection, previous antibiotic therapy, proton-pump inhibitors use, severity criteria (namely, > 65 years, leukocytes > 20 000/uL and creatinine > 1.5 above baseline), antibiotics used, duration of antibiotic therapy, hospital length-of- stay and mortality. Results: Overall severity was higher in primary-infections (leukocytes > 20 000/uL 21.3% vs 12.0%, creatinine> 1.5 from baseline 38.3% vs 20.8%), as were patient’s mortality rates (23.4% vs 4.0%). Although vancomycin is recommended – in monotherapy or in association with metronidazole – in severe disease, our study showed that in patients with primary-infection plus 2 or 3 severity criteria, metronidazole alone was the most frequent choice (46.2% if 2 criteria present and 57.1% if 3 criteria present). In recurrent infections vancomycin was the initial choice even in less severe cases (100.0% if no criteria and 68.8% if 1 criteria present). Proton-pump inhibitors use was higher in relapses (84.0% vs 65.2%). Conclusion:This study suggests that primary-infections comprise greater clinical severity and mortality; emphasizes the importance of a severity scoring system to assure appropriate antibiotic regimens and supports the idea that proton-pump inhibitors might be a risk factor.

Conventionally, vineyard fertilizer management has been based on information from composite soil samples and no account has been taken of the existing spatial variability in soil fertility. This study presents a quantitative analysis of soil phosphorus (P2O5) and potassium (K2O) content as well as pH carried out in an 80 ha vineyard, during 2011 and 2013 in order to identify their spatial variability and temporal stability. Additionally a quantitative analysis of plant P2O5 and K2O content was carried out in 2013 with the objective of evaluating the spatial variability of plant nutrients.In 2013 a contact sensor was used to survey soil apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) and an active optical sensor was used to measure the plant Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The results showed a low potential for implementing site-specific management of phosphorus fertilizer but an interesting potential for implementing site-specific management of potassium fertilizer and pH correction. The concentration of P2O5 and K2O in the plant showed a CV<30%, with adequate values in almost the entire area of the field, in contrast to the concentration of these main macronutrients in the topsoil. These results show that for differential nutrient management of vineyards, plant nutrient concentration is a more stable tool than soil nutrients concentration. The ECa and the NDVI presented weak correlations with soil and plant concentration of, , respectively, P2O5 and K2O, which shows that further development of vegetation operational sensors is needed to support decision making in the vineyard fertilization management.

Abstract Introduction Despite the high prevalence of chronic pain in individuals infected with HTLV-1, predictive and protective factors for its development are still unclear. Objective To identify factors associated with chronic pain in individuals with HTLV-1. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in a reference center for treatment of patients infected with HTLV-1 in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The study included individuals infected with HTLV-1, over 18 years, and excluded those with difficulty to respond the pain protocol. Data on sociodemographic, health behavior, and clinical characteristics were collected in a standardized way. The prevalence ratio (PR) of pain is described, as well as the factors independently associated with the presence of pain, which were assessed by multiple logistic regression. Results A total of 142 individuals were included in the study, mostly female (62.7%), aged 20–64 years (73.2%), married (61.3%), with less than eight years of education (54.2%), and with a steady income (79.6%). Multivariate analysis showed that being symptomatic for HTLV-1 – sensory manifestations, erectile dysfunction, overactive bladder, and/or HAM/TSP (PR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.05 to 1.38), self-medication (PR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.08–1.53), physiotherapy (PR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.02–1.28), and depression (PR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.01–1.29) were associated with an increased likelihood of presenting pain. On the other hand, physical activity (PR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.67–0.93) and religious practice (PR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.72–0.95) were associated with a decreased likelihood of having pain. Conclusion The use of self-medication, physiotherapy and the presence of depression are independently associated with neurological symptoms in HTLV-1 infected patients. Religious practice and physical activity are both protective for the development of pain.

ABSTRACT In the semi-arid environment, the reproductive success of anurans depends on adaptations in their life cycle, which synchronizes with ideal environmental conditions to maximize the number of offspring. In this study changes in the histological and morphometric aspects of the testes of Leptodactylus macrosternum Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926 are characterized, to evaluate the influence of rainfall and temperature on them. Specimens were collected at Horto Florestal Olho d’Água da Bica - HFOB (06°49’20”S, 36°15’85”W) area, municipality of Cuité, state of Paraíba, Brazil. Search for specimens was active, happened at night, and amounted to 15 days from January to December 2013. The densities of spermatids (primary and secondary), sperm and area of the seminiferous locules of the testes were registered. The influence of climate variables (rainfall and temperature) on the density of primary and secondary spermatids, sperm and locular area were verified using Simple Linear Regression. Primary spermatids had the lowest density in July (57.90 ± 51.54 mm2), with a peak in November (300.32 ± 117.35 mm2); secondary spermatids had the lowest density in December (287.87 ± 79.05 mm2), with a peak in May (135,727.00 ± 301.13 mm2); sperm was in the lowest density in July (237.37 ± 121.10 mm2), with a peak in June (2,270.45 ± 602.62 mm2) and the locular area had the lowest density in December (40,292.9 ± 8,174.20 µm2) and highest density in June (338,875.01 ± 2,262.10 µm2). A notable decrease in sperm density was evident between June and July. That, associated with the observation of a larger locular area in June, allowed us to identify as June as the peak of spermatogenesis and the following month as the most potentially reproductive. The density of secondary spermatids(r = 0.02), sperm (r = 0.21) and locular area (r = 0.01) showed dependency on rainfall whereas only sperm (r = 0.09) showed dependency on temperature. Therefore, we can state that the reproductive cycle of L. macrosternum is potentially continuous, with a reproductive peak in July.

RESUMO Objetivo Descrever o perfil de dor de sujeitos com lesão traumática do plexo braquial. Métodos Nós incluímos 65 indivíduos com lesão traumática do plexo braquial. O Douleur Neuropathique 4 foi usado para classificar a dor e o SF-36 foi usado para avaliar a qualidade de vida. Resultados Sujeitos com lesão traumática do plexo braquial eram em sua maioria homens jovens, vítimas de acidentes motociclísticos. A dor esteve presete em 75.4% dos indivíduos e 79% deles apresentaram dor neuropática, mais frequentemente localizada nas mãos (30.41%). O uso de dispositivos auxiliares (p = 0.05) e o estado civil foram, ambos, preditores independentes de dor. A dor ainda impactou negativamente da qualidade de vida (p = 0.001). Conclusões A dor é frequente em sujeitos com lesão traumática do plexo braquial. Apesar de envolver uma lesão do sistema nervoso a dor nociceptiva não é infrequente. A avaliação da dor, incluindo instrumentos validados, é essencial para direcionar as condutas clínicas de sujeitos com esta condição.

ABSTRACT Objective To describe the pain profile of patients with traumatic brachial plexus injury. Methods We enrolled 65 patients with traumatic brachial plexus injury. The Douleur Neuropathique 4 questionnaire was used to classify pain and the SF-36 was used to evaluate quality of life. Results The patients with traumatic brachial plexus injury were predominantly young male victims of motorcycle accidents. Pain was present in 75.4% of the individuals and 79% presented with neuropathic pain, mostly located in the hands (30.41%). The use of auxiliary devices (p = 0.05) and marital status (p = 0.03) were both independent predictors of pain. Pain also impacted negatively on the quality of life (p = 0.001). Conclusions Pain is frequent in patients with traumatic brachial plexus injury. Despite the peripheral nervous system injury, nociceptive pain is not unusual. Pain evaluation, including validated instruments, is essential to guide optimal clinical management of patients with the condition.

RESUMO Introdução: Angiossarcomas são patologias raras, e o aparecimento deles no intestino delgado é extremamente incomum. Relato de caso: Paciente do sexo feminino apresentando vômitos, cólica, distensão abdominal e irritação peritoneal. Foram realizadas laparotomia exploratória e enterectomia, evidenciando-se neoplasia vascular ao anatomopatológico e marcadores CD31, p53 e antígeno de proliferação celular Ki-67 à imuno-histoquímica. A paciente evoluiu com sarcomatose difusa e faleceu dois meses após o início dos sintomas. Conclusão: Demonstra-se a dificuldade em diagnosticar precocemente essa patologia devido à sua clínica inespecífica. A agressividade da doença, seus fatores predisponentes indeterminados e a controvérsia referente ao tratamento adequado suscitam seu péssimo prognóstico.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Angiosarcomas are rare pathologies, and their appearance in the small intestine is extremely unusual. Case report: Female patient presenting vomiting, colic, abdominal distension and peritoneal irritation. An exploratory laparotomy and an enterectomy were performed. Histopathology revealed vascular neoplasm; immunohistochemistry, markers CD31, p53 and cell proliferation antigen Ki-67. The patient developed diffuse sarcomatosis and died two months after the onset of symptoms. Conclusion: This case demonstrates the difficulty in early diagnosing this pathology, due to its nonspecific clinical presentation. The disease aggressiveness, its unestablished predisposing factors and the controversy around the adequate treatment engender the poor prognosis.