Abstract Background Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) are an important Public Health problem and shoud be paid more attention to the elaboration of public policies. Objective To identify the main challenges of public health policies for addressing NCDs in municipalities of northeastern Brazil. Method An integrative literature review was conducted from articles published in the last ten years. The articles considered eligible were grouped in tables and discussed on two sub-themes: “Public Health Policies” and “The main Challenges to face NCDs”. Results This study pointed out to the fragile programs and services offered in the municipal level of the northeast region of the country. It was observed the predominance of publications aimed at recognizing the profile of users with Hypertension and Diabetes, which unfeasibly contributes to integral care and health education. It was also possible to identify that even though the municipal level is closest to people’s daily lives, there are many challenges and impasses for an effective promotion of health and quality of life of these people. Conclusion Given the various challenges identified at all levels of production and knowledge, it is suggested that further studies may be conducted, thus considering the context of chronic conditions, and also further research can be developed to meet the demands of managers and users.

Resumo Introdução As doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) são um importante problema de saúde pública e necessitam de olhar ampliado para elaboração de políticas públicas. Objetivo Identificar os principais desafios das políticas públicas de saúde para o enfrentamento das DCNT em municípios do Nordeste brasileiro. Método Revisão integrativa da literatura a partir de artigos publicados nos últimos dez anos. Os artigos considerados elegíveis foram agrupados em tabelas e discutidos frente aos subtemas: “Políticas Públicas de Saúde” e “Principais Desafios para o Enfrentamento das DCNT”. Resultados Os estudos apontaram a frágil oferta de programas e serviços no âmbito municipal da região Nordeste do país. Observou-se a predominância de estudos que visam reconhecer o perfil do usuário portador de hipertensão e diabetes, que pouco contribui para o cuidado integral e de educação em saúde. Também foi possível identificar que mesmo o âmbito municipal estando mais próximo desse público, muitos são os desafios e impasses para uma eficaz promoção da saúde. Conclusão Diante dos diversos desafios identificados em todos os níveis de produção e conhecimento, sugere-se que mais estudos sejam realizados considerando o contexto das condições crônicas e que pesquisas posteriores transcrevam as demandas a partir dos gestores e usuários.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of replacing choline chloride with a plant source of choline on the locomotor system, liver health, and development of breast myopathies in broilers aged 1-42 days of age. We allocated 1,120 one-day-old Cobb broilers to four treatment groups and fed them commercial diets based on corn and soybean meal. The treatments included choline in the form of 1,800.00 mg/kg choline chloride; 1,350.00 mg/kg choline chloride + 450.00 mg/kg herbal choline; 900.00 mg/kg choline chloride + 900.00 mg/kg herbal choline; and 1,000.00 mg/kg herbal choline. Each treatment group had eight replications. Throughout the experiment, gait score, footpad dermatitis, hock burn, and leg deformities (valgus and varus) were evaluated in the birds at 28 and 35 days of age. After slaughter, parameters such as breast myopathies, tibial dyschondroplasia score, and histological slides of the pectoral muscle, liver, and proximal tibial epiphysis were assessed. The results demonstrated good hepatic and locomotor health in the broilers, as no classical signs of choline deficiency were observed. Statistical analyses indicated no significant differences between treatments in terms of liver and locomotor health, suggesting that broilers fed diets supplemented with the plant source did not experience choline deficiency. Additionally, no statistically significant differences were found between treatments regarding breast myopathies. Overall, the tested choline plant source can effectively replace choline chloride in broiler diets.

Resumo Em 2017, a Lei da Reforma Trabalhista determinou, dentre mais de 200 alterações normativas, o fim da obrigatoriedade da contribuição sindical. O objetivo desta pesquisa é descrever de que forma essa mudança impacta os sindicatos de categoria profissional com base em Belo Horizonte. Elencamos, ainda, como objetivos específicos, analisar criticamente as justificativas apresentadas para a Reforma Trabalhista e discutir o sistema de custeio da atividade sindical. A metodologia utilizada, com abordagem qualitativa, foi construída pela conjugação de fontes bibliográficas, pesquisa documental e pesquisa de campo. Foi utilizado o instrumento entrevista semiestruturada, aplicada a quatorze dirigentes sindicais vinculados a sindicatos de oito categorias profissionais com base em Belo Horizonte. Os resultados mostram que o fim da obrigatoriedade da contribuição atinge fortemente o orçamento desses sindicatos profissionais, empobrecendo e enfraquecendo a luta e a representação coletivas e possibilitando o agravamento de condutas antissindicais.

Abstract In 2017, the Reform of Labor Legislation determined, amongst over 200 normative changes, the end of the mandatory union contribution. This paper aims to describe how this change impacts labor unions located in Belo Horizonte. The specific objectives were to make a critical analysis of the justifications for the legislative proposal and to discuss the union activity founding system. The methodology used, with qualitative approach, came from the dialogue between literature sources, documentary research and fieldwork. The methodological instrument used was a semi-structured interview, applied to fourteen union leaders of eight professional categories based in Belo Horizonte. The results show that the end of the mandatory union contribution has a harmfull effect on the budget of workers’ unions located in Belo Horizonte, limiting and hindering their representation and enabeling the aggravation of anti-union behaviour.

Resumo O estudo teve por objetivo analisar o ensino da Educação Física no contexto da EJA da rede municipal da Prefeitura do Ipojuca/PE, a partir de falas dos professores. É um estudo de natureza qualitativa, subsidiado pelo método hermenêutico-dialético, realizado com oito sujeitos por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, através da técnica de análise de conteúdo categorial por temática para análise dos dados. Conclui-se que os professores utilizaram-se de diferentes metodologias de ensino para ministrar aulas, havendo necessidade de práticas que oportunizem a experimentação corporal como centralidade, além de considerar a realidade escolar, a infraestrutura para propor aulas, projetos e seminários, desde objetivos, planejamento e avaliação dos saberes que orientam sua prática.

Abstract The purpose of this study was to analyze Physical Education teaching in the context of EJA (Youth and Adult Education) by the Municipal School Network of Ipojuca, PE, based on teachers’ statements. It was a qualitative study conducted through semi-structured interviews with eight subjects and the hermeneutic dialectic method using the theme: categorical content for data assessments. It found that teachers used different teaching methodologies in their lessons, which showed clear evidence of a need for practices to make body experimentation as a central element, in addition to taking into consideration school reality, infrastructure to propose classes, projects and seminars, along with planning and evaluation of knowledge to guide their practices.

Resumen El estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la enseñanza de Educación Física en el contexto de la EJA (Educación de Jóvenes y Adultos) en la red municipal de educación de la municipalidad de Ipojuca/PE, a partir de las intervenciones de los profesores. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo que se apoya en el método hermenéutico-dialéctico, realizado con ocho profesores, a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas, utilizando la técnica de análisis de contenido categorial por tema para el análisis de los datos. Se concluye que los profesores utilizaron diferentes metodologías de enseñanza para impartir sus clases y que existe la necesidad de prácticas que permitan la experimentación corporal como centralidad, además de considerar la realidad de la escuela y la infraestructura para proponer clases, proyectos y seminarios a partir de objetivos, planificación y evaluación de los conocimientos que orientan sus prácticas.

RESUMO Introdução: A utilização das mídias sociais para a autogestão de informações sobre saúde constitui uma prática recorrente dos usuários leigos que vivenciam diferentes contextos de saúde. Embora facilitem o acesso e o compartilhamento de informações, as mídias sociais podem contribuir para a criação de possíveis riscos à saúde e ao bem-estar, uma vez que ampliam as experiências de vulnerabilidade emocional e desinformação. Objetivo: Para descobrir as evidências atuais que impactam o uso benéfico das mídias sociais para fins de informação sobre saúde, buscou-se examinar como as barreiras à informação em saúde nas mídias sociais, percebidas pelos usuários leigos, são apresentadas em pesquisas empíricas recentes. Método: Realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa de caráter exploratório por meio de uma revisão da literatura na base de dados SCOPUS. Resultados: Observou-se que, embora sejam múltiplas e variem conforme os contextos de saúde e as motivações situacionais, as barreiras podem ser articuladas em uma malha composta pelas seguintes meta-barreiras: diaspóricas, desinformação, letramento, interação e emocionais. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a malha de barreiras apresentada, associada a outras barreiras estruturais, pode contribuir para a construção de instrumentos de pesquisa e intervenções digitais envolvendo o uso das mídias sociais para fins de informação sobre saúde. Introdução bemestar, bemestar bem estar, estar bem-estar desinformação Objetivo buscouse buscou se recentes Método Realizouse Realizou SCOPUS Resultados Observouse Observou situacionais metabarreiras meta meta-barreiras diaspóricas letramento emocionais Conclusão Concluise Conclui apresentada estruturais

ABSTRACT Introduction: The use of social media for self-management of health information is a recurrent practice for lay users who experience different health contexts. Although social media facilitate information access and sharing, they can contribute to the emergence of possible risks to health and well-being, as they increase emotional vulnerability and misinformation experiences. Objective: To discover current evidence impacting the beneficial use of social media for health information purposes; the investigation sought to examine how barriers to health information on social media perceived by lay users are presented in recent empirical research. Method: A qualitative exploratory research was carried out through a literature review on the SCOPUS database. Results: Although the barriers are multiple and vary according to health contexts and situational motivations, they can be articulated in a mesh composed of the following meta-barriers: diasporic, misinformation, literacy, interaction, and emotional. Conclusion: The study concluded that the presented mesh of barriers, associated with other structural barriers, can contribute to the construction of research instruments and digital interventions involving the use of social media for health information purposes. Introduction selfmanagement self management sharing wellbeing, wellbeing well being, being well-being experiences Objective purposes Method database Results motivations metabarriers meta meta-barriers diasporic literacy interaction Conclusion

RESUMO Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar os estreptococos alfa-hemolíticos isolados de endoftalmite infecciosa e ceratite e determinar sua distribuição. Métodos: A amostra incluiu 27 e 35 isolados não-duplicados de estreptococos alfa-hemolíticos recuperados de pacientes com endoftalmite infecciosa (2002-2013) e ceratite (2008-2013), respectivamente. Os isolados foram identificados pelos testes de suscetibilidade à optoquina e bile solubilidade, utilizando um sistema de identificação bioquímica. A concentração inibitória mínima foi determinada pelo método de microdiluição em caldo. A identificação molecular foi realizada pela análise de três genes constitutivos e análise complementar de sequências multilocus. A epidemiologia molecular do Streptococcus pneumoniae foi investigada por tipagem de sequência multilocus, e a presença do gene codificador do polissacarídeo capsular foi avaliada por reação em cadeia da polymerase convencional. Os resultados foram avaliados utilizando os prontuários médicos dos pacientes. Resultados: Os testes fenotípicos diferenciaram S. pneumoniae dos outros estreptococos alpha-hemolíticos, consistentes com identificações moleculares posteriores. S. oralis foi significativamente prevalente entre os isolados de endoftalmite, assim como S. pneumoniae nos isolados de ceratite. Foram observados altos níveis de suscetibilidade a antibióticos, incluindo vancomicina, cefalosporinas e fluoroquinolonas. Alta variabilidade genética foi detectada entre as 19 cepas de S. pneumoniae, com 15 previstas para serem encapsuladas. Os prontuários médicos dos pacientes com endoftalmite infecciosa foram revisados (n=15/27; 56%), e a acuidade visual final foi avaliada em 12 casos (44%). Muitos pacientes evoluiram para um estado final de acuidade visual de “sem percepção luminosa” (6/12; 50%), “percepção luminosa” (3/12; 25%) ou “movimentos de mãos” (1/12; 8%). Também foram revisados os prontuários médicos dos pacientes com ceratite infecciosa (n=24/35; 69%), e a acuidade visual final foi avaliada em 18 casos (51%). Da mesma foram, a maioria dos pacientes evoluiu para um estado final de acuidade visual de “sem percepção luminosa” (6/18; 33%), “percepção luminosa” (1/18; 6%) ou “movimentos de mãos” (6/18; 33%). No geral, a maioria dos pacientes evoluiu para um estado final de acuidade visual de “sem percepção luminosa” (12/30), “percepção luminosa” (4/30) ou “movimentos de mãos” (7/30). Conclusões: A distribuição de estreptococos alfa-hemolíticos nas infecções oculares sugeriu a presença de um tropismo de tecido específico da espécie. Os prognósticos dos pacientes com infeções oculares por estreptococos foram altamente desfavoráveis e a resistência a antibióticos contribuiu não para as progressões clínicas desfavoráveis e os maus resultados.

ABSTRACT Purpose: The aims of this study were to characterize alpha-hemolytic streptococci among isolates from cases of infectious endophthalmitis and keratitis and to determine their distributions. Methods: The sample included 27 and 35 nonduplicated isolates of alpha-hemolytic streptococci recovered from patients with infectious endophthalmitis (2002-2013) and keratitis (2008-2013), respectively. Isolates were identified by the optochin susceptibility and bile solubility tests, using a biochemical identification system. The minimum inhibitory concentration was determined by the broth microdilution method. Molecular identification was performed by analyses of three constitutive genes and the complementary multilocus sequence. The molecular epidemiology of Streptococcus pneumoniae was investigated using multilocus sequence typing, and the presence of the capsular polysaccharide-encoding gene was assessed using conventional polymerase chain reaction. Outcomes were evaluated using the patients’ medical records. Results: Phenotypic tests differentiated S. pneumoniae from other alpha-hemolytic streptococci, consistent with later molecular identifications. Streptococcus oralis was significantly prevalent among the endophthalmitis isolates, as was S. pneumoniae in the keratitis isolates. High levels of susceptibility to antibiotics were observed, including vancomycin, cephalosporins, and fluoroquinolones. High genetic variability was detected among the 19 S. pneumoniae strains, with 15 predicted to be encapsulated. The medical records of patients with infectious endophthalmitis were reviewed (n=15/27; 56%), and final visual acuity was assessed in 12 cases (44%). Many patients progressed to a final visual acuity state of “no light perception” (6/12; 50%), “light perception” (3/12; 25%), or “hand motion” (1/12; 8%). The medical records of patients with infectious keratitis were also reviewed (n=24/35; 69%), and final visual acuity was assessed in 18 cases (51%). Similarly, most patients progressed to a final visual acuity state of “no light perception” (6/18; 33%), “light perception” (1/18; 6%), or “hand motion” (6/18; 33%). Overall, the majority of patients progressed to a final visual acuity state of “no light perception” (12/30), “light perception” (4/30), or “hand motion” (7/30). Conclusions: The distribution of alpha-hemolytic streptococci in ocular infections suggested the presence of a species-specific tissue tropism. The prognoses of patients with ocular streptococcal infections were highly unfavorable, and antibiotic resistance did not contribute to the unfavorable clinical progressions and poor outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: A hidradenite supurativa (HS) é uma dermatose crónica com um grande impacto na qualidade de vida dos doentes e um atraso diagnóstico estimado em 7 anos. O médico de medicina geral e familiar (MGF) é geralmente o primeiro médico a quem o doente com HS recorre. O objetivo principal deste estudo é descrever o conhecimento e a abordagem clínica da HS pelos MGF em Portugal. Material e Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal, com base nas respostas dos MGF a um questionário elaborado para avaliar seus conhecimentos sobre HS. Resultados: Cento e oitenta e setenta questionários foram considerados válidos para inclusão no estudo. A maioria (97,3%) dos MGF identificou corretamente a HS como o diagnóstico mais provável quando confrontado com uma história clínica típica da doença, e 84,5% associaram a HS a cronicidade. A maioria (84,0%) dos clínicos referencia esses pacientes, principalmente à Dermatologia (89,3%). A maioria dos médicos também considerou que uma abordagem cirúrgica pode não ser curativa (94,1%) e apenas 15,0% considerarou que agentes biológicos podem ter indicação terapêutica. Compararam-se as respostas de 2 grupos: grupo A, n = 100, com <5 anos de prática clínica e grupo B, n= 84, com ≥5 anos. O grupo A associou mais HS ao tabagismo e obesidade do que o grupo B (p = 0,013 e p = 0,006, respetivamente). Uma abordagem multidisciplinar também foi mais frequentemente selecionada pelo grupo A (p = 0,004). Conclusão: Este estudo piloto mostra que a visão dos MGF portugueses sobre HS pode ser melhorada. Existem diferenças significativas no que se refere ao conhecimento de HS entre os médicos com menos de 5 anos de prática clínica e os mais experientes. Este estudo pode ajudar a direcionar futuras ações educativas.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic dermatosis with a large impact in patients’ quality of life and an estimated 7-year delay in diagnosis. The General Practitioner (GP) is usually the first doctor to assist the HS patient. The primary objective of this study is to describe the knowledge and clinical approach of HS by GPs. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, based on the GPs answers to a questionnaire designed to evaluate their knowledge on HS. Results: One hundred eighty seven questionnaires were considered valid for inclusion in the study. The majority (97.3%) of GPs correctly identified HS as the most likely diagnosis when confronted with a typical clinical history of the disease, and 84.5% associated HS with chronicity. The majority (84.0%) of GPs refers these patients, mostly to Dermatology (89.3%). The majority of GPs also considered that a surgical approach may not be curative (94.1%) and 15.0% considered that biological agents might be indicated. We compared the answers of 2 groups: group A, n=100, with <5 years of clinical practice and group B, n=84, with ≥5 years. Group A associated more HS with tobacco use and obesity than group B (p=0.013 and p=0.006, respectively). A multidisciplinary approach was also more frequently selected by group A (p=0.004). Conclusion: This pilot study shows that the view of Portuguese GPs about HS can be improved. There are significant differences concerning knowledge on HS between GPs with less than 5 years of clinical practice and the more experienced ones. This study can help to direct differential future educational actions.

Resumo O Parque Nacional de Sete Cidades está localizado nos municípios de Piracuruca e Brasileira, Estado do Piauí, em uma zona de transição entre os biomas Caatinga e Cerrado. Os estudos sobre sua herpetofauna estão limitados a notas de distribuição de anfíbios e um inventário de serpentes. Portanto, aqui apresentamos uma lista inédita de espécies de anuros do Parque Nacional de Sete Cidades, Estado do Piauí, Nordeste do Brasil. Nós registramos uma das duas maiores riquezas de espécies dentre todos os Parques Nacionais do Nordeste, além de aumentar a distribuição geográfica de uma espécie para o estado. A maioria das espécies observadas são comuns em ambos os biomas da Caatinga e Cerrado ou têm ampla distribuição no Brasil. A assembleia de anuros do Parque Nacional de Sete Cidades é mais similar àquela registrada na Área de Proteção Ambiental do Delta do Parnaíba, estados do Ceará, Piauí e Maranhão, e no Parque Nacional de Ubajara, estado do Ceará. Estes resultados aumentam nosso conhecimento sobre a diversidade de anuros no Nordeste do Brasil, fornecendo subsídios para ações de gestão e conservação de um importante Parque Nacional do Brasil.

Abstract The Sete Cidades National Park is located in the Brazilian municipalities of Piracuruca and Brasileira, Piauí state, in a transitional zone between the Caatinga and Cerrado biomes. Studies on its herpetofauna were limited to anuran distribution notes and a snake checklist. Thus, here we present an unpublished species list of anurans from Sete Cidades National Park, Piauí state, northeastern Brazil. We recorded one of the two highest species richness for all northeastern National Parks, and also increased the geographic distribution of one species in the state of Piauí. Most species observed are common of both Caatinga and Cerrado biomes or have wide distribution in Brazil. The anuran assemblage of Sete Cidades National Park is more similar to those registered at the Delta do Parnaíba Environmental Protection Area, Ceará, Piauí and Maranhão states, and Ubajara National Park, Ceará state. These results increase our knowledge on anuran diversity in northeastern Brazil, providing basic information for management and conservation actions of an important Brazilian National Park.

ABSTRACT Objective to characterize the knowledge about the use of potentially dangerous drugs among hospital health care nurses. Methods quantitative, descriptive-exploratory research, with the application of a validated questionnaire, translated and adapted in Brazil, on potentially dangerous medications, with 26 nursing assistants in a university hospital. Univariate and bivariate descriptive statistical analysis of the data was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Science, version 20. Scores ≥70% were considered as sufficient knowledge and insufficient knowledge scores <70%. Results in the first domain of the questionnaire, called Medication Administration, the average percentage of correct answers was 64.6%. In the second domain, Clinical procedures, an average of 53.7% of correct answers was found. The use of electrolytes, chemotherapy and insulin were the main weaknesses in the knowledge of professionals. Conclusion insufficient knowledge about the administration and clinical procedures of potentially dangerous drugs was identified among hospital care nurses in this scenario.

RESUMO Objetivo caracterizar o conhecimento sobre uso de medicamentos potencialmente perigosos entre enfermeiros da assistência hospitalar à saúde. Métodos pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva-exploratória, com aplicação de questionário validado, traduzido e adaptado no Brasil, sobre medicamentos potencialmente perigosos, com 26 enfermeiros assistenciais em hospital universitário. Realizou-se análise estatística descritiva univariada e bivariada dos dados, por meio do Statistical Package for Social Science, versão 20. Consideraram-se como conhecimento suficiente escores ≥70% ou conhecimento insuficiente escores <70%. Resultados no primeiro domínio do questionário, denominado Administração dos medicamentos, o percentual médio de acertos foi de 64,6%. No segundo domínio, Procedimentos clínicos, encontrou-se média de 53,7% de acertos. O uso dos eletrólitos, quimioterápicos e de insulina foram as principais fragilidades no saber dos profissionais. Conclusão identificou-se conhecimento insuficiente sobre a administração e os procedimentos clínicos de medicamentos potencialmente perigosos entre os enfermeiros assistenciais hospitalares neste cenário.

ABSTRACT Objective Hürthle cell carcinomas (HCCs) of the thyroid have been recently reclassified as a separate entity due to their distinct clinical and molecular profiles. Few studies have assessed the ability of preoperative characteristics in differentiating HCCs from Hürthle cell adenomas (HCAs) due to the low prevalence of both lesions. This study aimed to compare the preoperative features of HCCs and HCAs and evaluate the diagnostic performance of ultrasound in distinguishing between both. Subjetcs and methods Retrospective study including 101 patients (52 HCCs and 49 HCAs) who underwent thyroid surgery from 2000 to 2016. Clinical, ultrasonographic, and histological data were reviewed. Diagnostic performance of suspicious sonographic features was analyzed in 51 cases (24 HCCs and 27 HCAs). Results Hürthle cell neoplasms were predominant in females. Subjects ≥ 55 years represented 58% of the cases of HCCs and 53% of those of HCAs. Carcinomas were significantly larger (p < 0.001), and a tumor size ≥ 4 cm significantly increased the risk of malignancy (odds ratio 3.67). Other clinical, cytologic, and sonographic data were similar between HCCs and HCAs. Among the HCCs, the lesions were purely solid in 54.2%, hypoechoic in 37.5%, and had coarse calcifications in 12.5%, microcalcifications in 8.3%, irregular contours in 4.2%, and a taller-than-wide shape in 16.7%. Predominantly/exclusive intranodular vascularization was observed in 52.6%. Overall, 58% of the HCCs were classified as TI-RADS 4 or 5 compared with 48% of the HCAs. TI-RADS 4 or 5 had a specificity of only 51.8% and a positive likelihood ratio of 1.21. Conclusions Apart from the lesion size, no other preoperative feature adequately distinguished HCCs from HCAs. Sonographic characteristics raising suspicion for malignancy, which are mostly present in papillary carcinomas, were infrequent in HCCs. New tools must be developed to improve preoperative diagnosis and deferral of surgery in cases of adenomas.

Abstract Interspecific hybridization is required for the development of Jatropha curcas L. improved cultivars, due to its narrow genetic basis. The present study aimed to analyze the parental genomic composition of F1 and BC1F1 generations derived from interspecific crosses (J. curcas/J. integerrima and J. curcas/J. multifida) by GISH (Genomic In Situ Hybridization), and the meiotic index and pollen viability of F1 hybrids. In F1 cells from both hybrids, 11 chromosomes of each parental was observed, as expected, but chromosome rearrangement events could be detected using rDNA chromosome markers, suggesting unbalanced cells. In the BC1F1, both hybrids had 22 chromosomes, suggesting that only n = 11 gametes were viable in the next generation. However, GISH allowed the identification of three and two alien chromosomes in J. curcas//J. integerrima and J. curcas//J. multifida BC1F1 hybrids, respectively, suggesting a preferential transmission of J. curcas chromosomes for both hybrids. Pollen viability in F1 hybrids derived from J. curcas/J. integerrima crosses were higher (82-83%) than those found for J. curcas/J. multifida (68%), showing post-meiotic problems in these last hybrids, with dyads, triads, polyads, and micronuclei as post-meiosis results. The here presented cytogenetic characterization of interspecific hybrids and their backcross progenies can contribute to the selection of the best genotypes for future assisted breeding of J. curcas.

Abstract: Nodular vasculitis is an uncommon type of panniculitis. It was firstly associated to the infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and named erythema induratum of Bazin, however nowadays it has been associated with several other underlying disorders and it is better described as nodular vasculitis. Concerning its relationship with malignant conditions, there is only one reported case, in association with metastatic colon adenocarcinoma. We report a case of nodular vasculitis as the first manifestation of lung adenocarcinoma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported association of both diseases.

Abstract Jatropha is an important genus of Euphorbiaceae, with species largely used for various purposes, including the manufacturing of soaps and pharmaceutical products and applications in the bioenergetic industry. Although there have been several studies focusing J. curcas in various aspects, the karyotype features of Jatropha species are poorly known. Therefore, we analyzed six Jatropha species through fluorochrome staining (CMA/DAPI), fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with 5S and 45S rDNA probes and genome size estimation by flow cytometry. Our results revealed several chromosome markers by both CMA/DAPI and FISH for the analyzed species. Five Jatropha species (J. curcas, J. gossypiifolia, J. integerrima, J. multifida and J. podagrica) showed four CMA-positive (CMA+) bands associated with the 5S and 45S rDNA sites (one and two pairs, respectively). However, J. mollissima displayed six CMA+/DAPI- bands co-localized with both 5S and 45S rDNA, which showed a FISH superposition. A gradual variation in the genome sizes was observed (2C = 0.64 to 0.86 pg), although an association between evidenced heterochromatin and genome sizes was not found among species. Except for the unique banding pattern of J. mollissima and the pericentromeric heterochromatin of J. curcas and J. podagrica, our data evidenced relatively conserved karyotypes.

ABSTRACT Aiming for a better understanding of karyotype evolution within Philodendron, we report chromosome counts for 23 species of the genus, of which 19 are being reported for the first time, thus increasing to 84 ( ca. 17 % of the genus) the total number of species with available chromosome counts. The diploid numbers 2 n = 32 and 2 n = 34 were the most common, with 10 and 11 species, respectively, whereas only two species presented different chromosome numbers ( P. giganteum with 2 n = 30 and P. adamantinum with 2 n = 36). The results are discussed in the context of previous analyses of karyotypes of Philodendron spp., taking into account bidirectional dysploidy as the main mechanism of chromosome number evolution within the genus.