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au:CASTRO, HELENA CARLA

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Brazilian laboratory rats and mice: decades pass, but parasite infections remain
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Pedro, Desenir Adriano

; Barreto, Maria Lucia

; Castro, Helena Carla

Ciência Rural

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2024, Volume 54 N. 1 elocation e20220452

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT: Rats and mice are the most used experimental models in research. Globally, animal houses are subjected to parasite outbreaks. In Brazil, the parasitological profile is used to reflect the sanitary condition of laboratory animals and must be monitored frequently. The present study developed an integrative review of scientific studies on the parasitological profile of rats and mice in animal facilities in Brazil. It identified the most prevalent parasite species reported in animal facilities from different geographic regions of the country, as well as factors contributing to the perpetuation of these parasites, and proposed measures to help prevent such infections. Based on the guiding question “which endoparasites and ectoparasites have already been identified in rat and mouse colonies in animal facilities in Brazil?” and considering inclusion and exclusion criteria, 28 studies published between 1974 and 2021 were selected in four scientific bases. These studies covered facilities in 12 Brazilian States, describing 16 genera of parasites in mice and 18 in rats. Most of the facilities in the selected studies were of the conventional type and with few sanitary barriers, and these conditions may favor the recurrence of parasites. Efforts are, therefore, necessary for institutions to have animal facilities in accordance with the legislation and practice optimal methodologies. The measures proposed in this article can contribute to change the panorama of parasites in the national animal facilities, aiming to safeguard the quality of scientific data and animal welfare.

RESUMO: Ratos e camundongos são os modelos experimentais mais utilizados em pesquisa. Globalmente, as instalações de animais estão sujeitas a surtos de parasitas. No Brasil, o perfil parasitológico é utilizado para refletir a condição sanitária dos animais de laboratório e deve ser monitorado frequentemente. O presente estudo teve como objetivo desenvolver uma revisão integrativa de estudos científicos sobre o perfil parasitológico de ratos e camundongos em biotérios no Brasil. A revisão identifica as espécies parasitárias mais prevalentes relatadas em biotérios de diferentes regiões geográficas do país, bem como os fatores que contribuem para a perpetuação desses parasitas, e propõe medidas para ajudar a prevenir tais infecções. Com base na questão norteadora “quais endoparasitas e ectoparasitas já foram identificados em colônias de ratos e camundongos em biotérios no Brasil?” e considerando os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados 28 estudos publicados entre 1974 e 2021 em quatro bases científicas. Esses estudos abrangeram instalações em 12 estados brasileiros, descrevendo 16 gêneros de parasitas em camundongos e 18 em ratos. A maioria das instalações dos estudos selecionados era do tipo convencional e com poucas barreiras sanitárias, e essas condições podem favorecer a recorrência de parasitas. Portanto, esforços são necessários para que as instituições tenham biotérios de acordo com a legislação e pratiquem metodologias otimizadas. As medidas propostas neste artigo podem contribuir para mudar o panorama das parasitoses nos biotérios nacionais, visando salvaguardar a qualidade dos dados científicos e o bem-estar animal.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20220452

National Vaccine Coverage Survey 2020: methods and operational aspects
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Barata, Rita Barradas

; França, Ana Paula

; Guibu, Ione Aquemi

; Vasconcellos, Maurício Teixeira Leite de

; Moraes, José Cássio de

; Teixeira, Maria da Gloria Lima Cruz

; Domingues, Carla Magda Alan

; Borges, Maria Fernanda de Souza Oliveira

; de Azevedo, Roberta Nogueira Calandrini

; de Oliveira, Consuelo Silva

; Oliveira, Andrea de Nazaré Marvão

; Canales, Ivy Thereza

; Nascimento, Valdir

; Queiroz, Rejane Christine de Souza

; Lima, Luísa Helena de Oliveira

; Ramos Jr, Alberto Novaes

; Barbosa, Jaqueline Caracas

; Mirabal, Isabelle Ribeiro Barbosa

; Meira, Meiruska

; Antunes, Maria Bernadete de Cerqueira

; Teixeira, Maria Denise de Castro

; Gurgel, Ricardo Queiroz

; de Carvalho, Martha Suely Itaparica

; Cesar, Tayñana

; Maciel, Ethel Leonor Noia

; da Gama, Silvana Granado Nogueira

; Luhm, Karin Regina

; Boing, Antônio Fernando

; Mengue, Sotero Serrate

; de Oliveira, Sandra Maria do Valle Leone

; Lima, Jaqueline Costa

; Teles, Sheila Araújo

; Caetano, Karlla Antonieta Amorim

; de Araújo, Wildo Navegantes

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2023, Volume 26 elocation e230031

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: Inquérito nacional de cobertura vacinal aos 12 e 24 meses de idade foi realizado para investigar as quedas nas coberturas a partir de 2016. Métodos: Amostra de 37.836 nascidos vivos das coortes de 2017 e 2018 residentes nas capitais, Distrito Federal (DF) e 12 cidades com mais de 100 mil habitantes, acompanhados nos primeiros 24 meses por registros nas cadernetas de vacinação. Setores censitários foram estratificados segundo condições socioeconômicas, e o mesmo número de crianças foi incluído para cada estrato. Calcularem-se coberturas vacinais de cada vacina e coberturas completas aos 12 e 24 meses, doses aplicadas, válidas e oportunas. Fatores familiares, maternos e da criança associados à cobertura foram pesquisados. Os motivos para não vacinar analisados foram: contraindicações médicas, dificuldades de acesso, problemas no funcionamento do programa e hesitação vacinal. Resultados: Os resultados preliminares mostram que menos de 1% das crianças não foram vacinadas, as coberturas pelo esquema completo são menores que 75% em todas as capitais e no DF, as vacinas com mais de uma dose perdem cobertura progressivamente, há diferenças entre os estratos socioeconômicos, favoráveis aos estratos mais altos em algumas cidades e aos estratos mais baixos em outras. Conclusão: Houve realmente redução da cobertura vacinal em todas as capitais e no DF para as crianças nascidas em 2017 e 2018, denotando piora na execução do Programa Nacional de Imunizações durante os anos de 2017 a 2019. O inquérito realizado não mensurou os impactos da pandemia de COVID-19 que podem ter reduzido ainda mais as coberturas vacinais.

ABSTRACT Objective: The national vaccination coverage survey on full vaccination at 12 and 24 months of age was carried out to investigate drops in coverage as of 2016. Methods: A sample of 37,836 live births from the 2017 or 2018 cohorts living in capital cities, the Federal District, and 12 inner cities with 100 thousand inhabitants were followed for the first 24 months through vaccine record cards. Census tracts stratified according to socioeconomic levels had the same number of children included in each stratum. Coverage for each vaccine, full vaccination at 12 and 24 months and number of doses administered, valid and timely, were calculated. Family, maternal and child factors associated with coverage were surveyed. The reasons for not vaccinating analyzed were: medical contraindications, access difficulties, problems with the program, and vaccine hesitancy. Results: Preliminary results showed that less than 1% of children were not vaccinated, full coverage was less than 75% at all capitals and the Federal District, vaccines requiring more than one dose progressively lost coverage, and there were inequalities among socioeconomic strata, favorable to the highest level in some cities and to the lowest in others. Conclusion: There was an actual reduction in full vaccination in all capitals and the Federal District for children born in 2017 and 2018, showing a deteriorating implementation of the National Immunization Program from 2017 to 2019. The survey did not measure the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, which may have further reduced vaccination coverage.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720230031

National Vaccine Coverage Survey 2020: methods and operational aspects
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Barata, Rita Barradas

; França, Ana Paula

; Guibu, Ione Aquemi

; Vasconcellos, Maurício Teixeira Leite de

; Moraes, José Cássio de

; Teixeira, Maria da Gloria Lima Cruz

; Domingues, Carla Magda Alan

; Borges, Maria Fernanda de Souza Oliveira

; de Azevedo, Roberta Nogueira Calandrini

; de Oliveira, Consuelo Silva

; Oliveira, Andrea de Nazaré Marvão

; Canales, Ivy Thereza

; Nascimento, Valdir

; Queiroz, Rejane Christine de Souza

; Lima, Luísa Helena de Oliveira

; Ramos Jr, Alberto Novaes

; Barbosa, Jaqueline Caracas

; Mirabal, Isabelle Ribeiro Barbosa

; Meira, Meiruska

; Antunes, Maria Bernadete de Cerqueira

; Teixeira, Maria Denise de Castro

; Gurgel, Ricardo Queiroz

; de Carvalho, Martha Suely Itaparica

; Cesar, Tayñana

; Maciel, Ethel Leonor Noia

; da Gama, Silvana Granado Nogueira

; Luhm, Karin Regina

; Boing, Antônio Fernando

; Mengue, Sotero Serrate

; de Oliveira, Sandra Maria do Valle Leone

; Lima, Jaqueline Costa

; Teles, Sheila Araújo

; Caetano, Karlla Antonieta Amorim

; de Araújo, Wildo Navegantes

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2023, Volume 26 elocation e230031

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720230031

COVID-19 outcomes in people living with HIV: Peering through the waves
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Sales, Thaís Lorenna Souza

; Souza-Silva, Maíra Viana Rego

; Delfino-Pereira, Polianna

; Neves, João Victor Baroni

; Sacioto, Manuela Furtado

; Assis, Vivian Costa Morais de

; Duani, Helena

; Oliveira, Neimy Ramos de

; Sampaio, Natália da Cunha Severino

; Ramos, Lucas Emanuel Ferreira

; Schwarzbold, Alexandre Vargas

; Jorge, Alzira de Oliveira

; Scotton, Ana Luiza Bahia Alves

; Castro, Bruno Mateus de

; Silva, Carla Thais Cândida Alves da

; Ramos, Carolina Marques

; Anschau, Fernando

; Botoni, Fernando Antonio

; Grizende, Genna Maira Santos

; Nascimento, Guilherme Fagundes

; Ruschel, Karen Brasil

; Menezes, Luanna Silva Monteiro

; Castro, Luís César de

; Nasi, Luiz Antônio

; Carneiro, Marcelo

; Godoy, Mariana Frizzo de

; Nogueira, Matheus Carvalho Alves

; Guimarães Júnior, Milton Henriques

; Ziegelmann, Patricia Klarmann

; Almeida, Rafaela Charão de

; Francisco, Saionara Cristina

; Silveira Neto, Sidney Teodoro

; Araújo, Silvia Ferreira

; Avelino-Silva, Thiago Junqueira

; Aliberti, Márlon Juliano Romero

; Pires, Magda Carvalho

; Silva, Eduardo Sérgio da

; Marcolino, Milena Soriano

Clinics

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2023, Volume 78 elocation 100223

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective To evaluate clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients infected with HIV, and to compare with a paired sample without HIV infection. Methods This is a substudy of a Brazilian multicentric cohort that comprised two periods (2020 and 2021). Data was obtained through the retrospective review of medical records. Primary outcomes were admission to the intensive care unit, invasive mechanical ventilation, and death. Patients with HIV and controls were matched for age, sex, number of comorbidities, and hospital of origin using the technique of propensity score matching (up to 4:1). They were compared using the Chi-Square or Fisher's Exact tests for categorical variables and the Wilcoxon for numerical variables. Results Throughout the study, 17,101 COVID-19 patients were hospitalized, and 130 (0.76%) of those were infected with HIV. The median age was 54 (IQR: 43.0;64.0) years in 2020 and 53 (IQR: 46.0;63.5) years in 2021, with a predominance of females in both periods. People Living with HIV (PLHIV) and their controls showed similar prevalence for admission to the ICU and invasive mechanical ventilation requirement in the two periods, with no significant differences. In 2020, in-hospital mortality was higher in the PLHIV compared to the controls (27.9% vs. 17.7%; p = 0.049), but there was no difference in mortality between groups in 2021 (25.0% vs. 25.1%; p > 0.999). Conclusions Our results reiterate that PLHIV were at higher risk of COVID-19 mortality in the early stages of the pandemic, however, this finding did not sustain in 2021, when the mortality rate is similar to the control group.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100223

Preparation and evaluation of red propolis and nystatin cyclodextrin inclusion complexes against oral microbiome opportunistic microorganisms
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MOREIRA, Ronyson Santos da Silva

; NOVAIS, Juliana Silva

; SILVA, Raphael Ferreira da

; NUNES, Raquel Pinto

; ABREU, Letícia Coli Louvisse de

; DIAS, Eliane Pedra

; CASTRO, Helena Carla

; CARMO, Flávia Almada do

; RODRIGUES, Carlos Rangel

; SOUSA, Valeria Pereira de

; CABRAL, Lucio Mendes

Food Science and Technology

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2022, Volume 42 elocation e118022

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The human oral cavity is colonized by a diversity of microorganisms living harmoniously. When an imbalance occurs in this population, also called dysbiosis, opportunistic microorganisms lead to oral infections. Nystatin, a traditional antifungal, and red propolis, a resinous mixture collected by honeybees from plant source, can be used to control oral infections. Using β-cyclodextrin (βCD) inclusion complexes with nystatin and red propolis may improve the solubility, stability and antimicrobial activity of these substances, making it possible to include these complexes in pharmaceutical formulations. This study aimed to obtain these inclusion complexes by solubilization and characterize and evaluate their antimicrobial activity against microorganisms from the oral cavity. The inclusion complexes showed loss of crystallinity and the infrared spectra showed interactions between the substances. The content of total polyphenol ranged from 4.32-4.62 mg/g, while the content of flavonoids was between 3.05-3.83 mg/g. The red propolis (Prop):βCD(1:1 and 2:1) complexes were the most active against S.aureus, S.epidermidis, S.mutans and C.albicans with Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) ranging between 32-256 µg/mL. The inclusion complex of nystatin (Nys):βCD(1:1) effectively inhibited C.albicans growth (MIC=4µg/mL). Interestingly, the association between Nys:βCD(1:1) and Prop:βCD(1:1 or 2:1) showed a synergic effect, improving antifungal activity when compared to red propolis complex alone.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.118022

Effects of neural mobilization in the treatment of chronic low back pain: a systematic review
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Souza de Faria, Suelen Carla

; Carvalho Vilella, Renato

; de Castro Toledo Guimaraes, Laiz Helena

; Crepaldi Lunkes, Luciana

Iberoamerican Journal of Medicine

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2022, Volume 4 N. 3 Pages 157 - 163

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Introduction: Low back pain appears in approximately two thirds of the population at some point in life and when it exceeds more than 12 weeks, it evolves to chronic low back pain. Chronic low back pain is considered one of the most common causes of disability and absence from work. A therapeutic technique that can be used as a treatment for chronic low back pain is neural mobilization, capable of restoring compromised neurological structures, restoring movement by improving the elasticity of neural tissue and adjacent tissues. Objective: To verify the effects of neural mobilization in patients with chronic low back pain. Material and methods: All articles were carefully evaluated in order to obtain concrete and reliable information. The databases used were Google Scholar, Scielo, Medline and PubMed due to the methodological quality and articles in the area of interest. The keywords “low back pain”, “chronic low back pain”, “neural mobilization” and “physiotherapeutic intervention” were combined in the most diverse possibilities, in English and Spanish translations. Results: 86 articles were found, nine of which were included in this review. They had a score ≥ 5 on the PEDro Scale, which methodologically qualifies the articles. After analyzing the results obtained through the selected articles, all the data collected, as well as their respective results, were described in a table that contains data from the articles. Conclusions: Neural mobilization reduces pain and improves the extensibility of tissues, causing a reduction in painful sensation and increased flexibility. Therefore, it is necessary to continue research in order to verify new results obtained through this type of intervention.

Resumen Introducción: La lumbalgia aparece en aproximadamente dos tercios de la población en algún momento de la vida y cuando supera las 12 semanas evoluciona a lumbalgia crónica. El dolor lumbar crónico se considera una de las causas más comunes de incapacidad y ausencia laboral. Una técnica terapéutica que se puede utilizar como tratamiento para el dolor lumbar crónico es la movilización neural, capaz de restaurar las estructuras neurológicas comprometidas, restaurando el movimiento al mejorar la elasticidad del tejido neural y los tejidos adyacentes. Objetivo: Verificar los efectos de la movilización neural en pacientes con dolor lumbar crónico. Material y métodos: Todos los artículos fueron cuidadosamente evaluados para obtener información concreta y confiable. Las bases de datos utilizadas fueron Google Scholar, Scielo, Medline y PubMed debido a la calidad metodológica y artículos del área de interés. Las palabras clave “lumbalgia”, “lumbalgia crónica”, “movilización neural” e “intervención fisioterapéutica” se combinaron en las más diversas posibilidades, en las traducciones al inglés y al español. Resultados: Se encontraron 86 artículos, nueve de los cuales fueron incluidos en esta revisión. Tuvieron puntaje ≥ 5 en la Escala PEDro, que califica metodológicamente los artículos. Luego de analizar los resultados obtenidos a través de los artículos seleccionados, todos los datos recolectados, así como sus respectivos resultados, fueron descritos en una tabla que contiene los datos de los artículos. Conclusiones: La movilización neural reduce el dolor y mejora la extensibilidad de los tejidos, provocando una reducción de la sensación dolorosa y un aumento de la flexibilidad. Por lo tanto, es necesario continuar con la investigación para verificar nuevos resultados obtenidos a través de este tipo de intervención.

https://doi.org/10.53986/ibjm.2022.0028

Anatomical, Histochemical and Biological Studies of Clusia grandiflora Splitg. (Clusiaceae)
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Ribeiro, Mariana Martinelli Junqueira

; Silva, Karla Marins Mattos da

; Palavecino, Louise Azulay

; Pinto, Laine Celestino

; Ferreira, Bruno Leal Alves

; Lobão, Adriana Quintella

; Castro, Helena Carla

; Montenegro, Raquel Carvalho

; Barros, Claudia Franca

; Joffily, Ana

; Valverde, Alessandra Leda

; Paiva, Selma Ribeiro de

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology

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2020, Volume 63 elocation e20190674

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Clusia grandiflora belongs to an important botanical family which is known for its medicinal value, however there are few reports in literature about the species, highlighting the relevance of this study. Anatomical studies with leaves and stems were performed using traditional techniques. In this investigation it was identified particularities of the species such as the presence of vascular system arranged in an opened arc-shaped with the flexed ends towards the inside of the arch with accessory bundles in the petiole. In histochemical studies, performed with different reagents, alkaloids, phenols substances, carbohydrates and lipids were located. The cytotoxic activity of the extracts was performed by tetrazole salt and showed promising results for ethanolic extracts of stems (IC50 human colon cells of 24.30 μg/ mL) and leaves (IC50 ascites gastric cells of 44.15 μg/ mL), without cell membrane disruption of erythrocytes. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by tryptic soy agar and minimal inhibitory concentration assays and showed positive results for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, with better result for adventitious roots (32 μg/ mL and 16 μg/ mL, respectively), stems (64 μg/ mL and 32 μg/ mL, respectively) and leaves (64 μg/ mL and 32 μg/ mL, respectively) ethanolic extracts. Thus, these studies were able to characterize the species and show its potential as promising source of active substances.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2020190674 367 downloads

Nutritional value of non-conventional vegetables prepared by family farmers in rural communities
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Oliveira, Heliane Aparecida Barros de

; Anunciação, Pamella Cristine

; Silva, Bárbara Pereira da

; Souza, Ângela Maria Natal de

; Pinheiro, Soraia Silva

; Lucia, Ceres Mattos Della

; Cardoso, Leandro de Morais

; Castro, Luiza Carla Vidigal

; Pinheiro-Sant’Ana, Helena Maria

Ciência Rural

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2019, Volume 49 N. 8 elocation e20180918

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Quatro hortaliças não convencionais mais consumidas foram analisadas cruas e após as técnicas de cocção utilizadas rotineiramente pelos agricultores familiares: ora-pro-nobis (Pereskia aculeata Mill.); mostarda selvagem (Sinapis arvensis L.), serralha (Sonchus arvensis L) e capiçova (Erechtites valeriana). A composição química foi determinada de acordo com a AOAC. A vitamina C, vitamina E e os carotenoides foram determinados por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE), e compostos fenólicos e minerais foram determinados por espectrofotometria. As concentrações de vitamina E e carotenoides foram maiores na mostarda selvagem (7,68 mg.100 g-1e 7,45 mg.100 g-1, respectivamente). A cocção reduziu a concentração de alguns minerais nas hortaliças não convencionais, mas aumentou as concentrações de vitaminas e carotenoides. As hortaliças apresentaram alto teor de minerais, mas baixa concentração protéica e valor energético total. As hortaliças não convencionais podem ser consideradas de excelente valor nutricional. O consumo frequente dessas hortaliças pode contribuir para melhorar a alimentação dos agricultores e suas famílias.

ABSTRACT: Four most consumed non-conventional vegetables were analyzed raw and after cooking techniques routinely used by family farmers: ora-pro-nobis (Pereskia aculeata Mill.); wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.), serralha (Sonchus arvensis L), and capiçova (Erechtites valeriana). Chemical composition was determined according to AOAC. Vitamin C, vitamin E and carotenoids were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography, and phenolic compounds and minerals by spectrophotometry. Vitamin E and carotenoids concentrations were higher in stir fried wild mustard (7.68 mg.100 g-1 and 7.45 mg.100 g-1, respectively). Cooking reduced some minerals concentration in the non-conventional vegetables, but increased vitamins and carotenoids concentrations. The vegetables presented high content of minerals but low protein concentration and total energy content. Non-conventional vegetables can be considered of excellent nutritional value and frequent consumption of these vegetables can contribute to improve the feeding of farmers and their families.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20180918 2977 downloads

Impactos da dor crônica na vida das pessoas e a assistência de enfermagem no processo
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de Castro Moura, Caroline

; Chaves, Érika de Cássia Lopes

; Salgado Souza, Valéria Helena

; Hollanda Lunes, Denise

; Gama Ribeiro, Carla Rodrigues

; Silva Paraizo, Camila Maria

; Leite Fava, Silvana Maria Coelho

; Dázio, Eliza Maria Rezende

Avances en Enfermería

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apr 2017, Volume 35 N. 1 Pages 53 - 62

Abstract: Es En Pt | Text: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Objetivo: Reflexionar sobre el impacto del dolor crónico en la vida de las personas y en los cuidados de enfermería en el proceso. Metodología: Ensayo reflexivo, el cual se fundamentó en una revisión teórica. El estudio se realizó entre los meses de mayo de 2015 a julio de 2016. Los datos se analizaron y luego se organizaron en los siguientes ejes temáticos: El impacto del dolor crónico sobre la calidad de vida de las personas, El dolor como quinta señal vital: la importancia de su evaluación y Cuidados de enfermería a los pacientes con dolor crónico. Resultados: El dolor impacta de varias formas en la vida de las personas y, cuando este síntoma se vuelve crónico, repercute más intensamente en la calidad de vida. Por lo tanto, se hace indispensable realizar una evaluación completa, holística y multi-profesional de la persona que padece algún dolor, de manera que el enfermero, al establecer el proceso de enfermería, desempeñe un papel fundamental en el reconocimiento y control de esta condición con la implementación de diagnósticos precisos y de intervenciones efectivas. Conclusiones: El dolor crónico requiere de una atención especial por parte del enfermero para que la evaluación y el tratamiento sean lo más completos posible, con el fin de minimizar el impacto negativo del dolor sobre la vida de las personas.

Objective: To reflect about impact of chronic pain on people's life and on the nursing care in the process. Methodology: This is a reflexive essay, based on a theoretical review. The study was developed between May 2015 and July 2016. The data were analyzed and after organized in thematic axes as follows: The impact of chronic pain on people's quality of life, Pain as a fifth vital sign: the importance of its evaluation, and Nursing care to the patient with chronic pain. Results: Pain impacts in several ways on people's life, and, when this symptom becomes chronic, it resonates more intensively on quality of life. A comprehensive, holistic, and multi-professional evaluation to person with pain is necessary, so that nurse, setting up the nursing process, plays a central role in recognition and control of this status with the implementation of accurate diagnoses and effective interventions. Conclusions: Chronic pain needs a special attention by nurse so that assessment and treatment to be as complete as possible, in order to minimize the negative impact of pain on people's life.

Objetivo: Refletir sobre os impactos da dor crônica na vida das pessoas e a assistência de enfermagem no processo. Metodología: Trata-se de um ensaio reflexivo, fundamentado em uma revisão teórica. O estudo foi desenvolvido entre os meses de maio de 2015 a julho de 2016. Os dados foram analisados e logo organizados nos seguintes eixos temáticos: O impacto da dor crônica sobre a qualidade de vida das pessoas, Dor como quinto sinal vital: a importância de sua avaliação e Assistência de enfermagem ao paciente com dor crônica. Resultados: Vários são os impactos que a dor acarreta na vida das pessoas e, quando este sintoma se torna crônico, a repercussão sobre a qualidade de suas vidas é mais intensa. Portanto, uma avaliação abrangente, holística e multiprofissional da pessoa com dor faz-se necessária, de forma que o enfermeiro, por meio do estabelecimento do processo de enfermagem, desempenhe um papel fundamental pelo processo de reconhecimento e controle desta condição com a implementação de diagnósticos acurados e intervenções efetivas. Conclusão: A dor crônica merece atenção especial do enfermeiro, de forma que a avaliação e o tratamento sejam os mais abrangentes possível, a fim de minimizar o impacto negativo da dor sobre a vida das pessoas.

https://doi.org/10.15446/av.enferm.v35n1.61006 4608 downloads

10.

Improvement the nutritional status of pre-school children following intervention with a supplement containing iron, zinc, copper, vitamin A, vitamin C and prebiotic
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Castro, Luiza Carla Vidigal

; Costa, Neuza Maria Brunoro

; Sant’Anna, Helena Maria Pinheiro

; Ferreira, Célia Lucia de Luces Fortes

; Franceschini, Sylvia do Carmo de Castro

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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feb 2017, Volume 22 N. 2 Pages 359 - 368

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Este estudo investigou os efeitos de um produto em pó fortificado com vitaminas e minerais e suplementado com inulina, no estado nutricional de ferro e vitamina A de 110 crianças pré-escolares do município de Viçosa, MG, Brasil. As crianças, de 2 a 5 anos de idade, foram submetidos às avaliações antropométrica (peso e altura), bioquímica (eritrócitos, hemoglobina, volume corpuscular médio - VCM, hemoglobina corpuscular média - HCM, ferro sérico, ferritina e retinol sérico) e dietética (pesagem direta dos alimentos, recordatório de 24 h e registro alimentar), no início e ao final de uma intervenção de 45 dias. O suplemento (30 g) foi ministrado diariamente no lanche da tarde, diluído em 100 ml de água, 5 vezes/semana, fornecendo 30% das doses diárias recomendadas de ferro, zinco, cobre e vitaminas A e C. Os dados dietéticos e bioquímicos foram comparados pelo teste de Wilcoxon e, para os dados antropométricos, utilizou-se o teste-t pareado. Os valores de z-escore (peso e altura), eritrócitos, hemoglobina, VCM, HCM e ferritina foram significativamente maiores após a intervenção; nenhuma mudança foi observada no retinol sérico. O suplemento aumentou significativamente a ingestão de energia, macro e micronutrientes e foi eficaz na melhoria do estado nutricional de ferro e antropométrico.

Abstract This study investigated the effects of a vitamin and mineral fortified powder product supplemented with inulin, on the iron and vitamin A status of 110 pre-schools childrens in Viçosa, MG, Brazil. The 2 to 5-year-old children were submitted to anthropometric (weight and height), biochemical (erythrocytes, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume – MCV, mean corpuscular hemoglobin - MCH, serum iron, ferritin and serum retinol) and dietary (direct food weighing, 24 h recall, and food intake record) evaluations, at the beginning and at the end of a 45-day intervention. The supplement (30 g) was provided daily as part of the afternoon snack, diluted in 100 mL of water, 5 times/week and it supplied 30% of the recommended daily doses of iron, zinc, copper and vitamins A and C. Dietary and biochemical data was compared by the Wilcoxon test, and anthropometric data by the paired t-test. Values of z-scores for weight and height, erythrocytes, hemoglobin, MCV, MCH and ferritin were significantly higher after intervention; no change was observed in serum retinol. The prebiotic-containing supplement significantly increased the intake of energy, macro and micronutrients, and was effective in improving the iron and anthropometric status.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232017222.15902015 749 downloads

11.

Improvement the nutritional status of pre-school children following intervention with a supplement containing iron, zinc, copper, vitamin A, vitamin C and prebiotic
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Castro, Luiza Carla Vidigal

; Costa, Neuza Maria Brunoro

; Sant’Anna, Helena Maria Pinheiro

; Ferreira, Célia Lucia de Luces Fortes

; Franceschini, Sylvia do Carmo de Castro

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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feb 2017, Volume 22 N. 2 Pages 359 - 368

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232017222.15902015 2474 downloads

12.

Preparation and scale up of extended-release tablets of bromopride
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Ferreira, Guilherme Neves

; Silva, Marcos Giovani Rodrigues

; Fraga, Aline Guerra Manssour

; Silva, Luiz Cláudio Rodrigues Pereira da

; Lira, Luiz Marcelo

; Rodrigues, Carlos Rangel

; Castro, Helena Carla

; Sousa, Valéria Pereira de

; Cabral, Lucio Mendes

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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jun 2014, Volume 50 N. 2 Pages 291 - 300

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A reprodutibilidade do processo de fabricação de comprimidos e o controle das suas propriedades farmacotécnicas depende da otimização dos aspectos de formulação e dos parâmetros de processo. O planejamento de experimentos como o Desenho de Experimentos (DOE) pode ser utilizado para acelerar a produção desta formulação, em particular, para a obtenção de comprimidos de liberação prolongada. Formulações de bromoprida são comercializadas sob a forma de péletes de liberação prolongada, o que torna o produto caro e de difícil fabricação. O objetivo deste estudo foi preparar novas formulações de bromoprida de liberação prolongada na forma de comprimidos e desenvolver modelos matemáticos visando ao escalonamento destas formulações, controlando o peso e a dureza dos comprimidos durante a fabricação, de acordo com a 34ª Edição da USP. Estudos de DOE foram realizados utilizando o software Minitab(tm). Diferentes combinações de excipientes foram avaliadas visando à obtenção dos comprimidos de liberação prolongada de bromoprida. No estudo de scale-up, coletaram-se e mediu-se a influência das variações nos parâmetros da máquina de compressão. Processaram-se os dados obtidos pelo software Minitab (tm), gerando equações matemáticas aptas para a previsão do comportamento de compactação do pó em escala industrial. Os comprimidos obtidos apresentavam características adequadas em termos de liberação sustentada, sendo a cinética de liberação estabelecida utilizando modelos matemáticos, indicando que esta formulação pode ser uma substituta aos péletes de bromoprida atualmente comercializados.

Reproducibility of the tablet manufacturing process and control of its pharmaceutics properties depends on the optimization of formulation aspects and process parameters. Computer simulation such as Design of Experiments (DOE) can be used to scale up the production of this formulation, in particular for obtaining sustained-release tablets. Bromopride formulations are marketed in the form of extended-release pellets, which makes the product more expensive and difficult to manufacture. The aim of this study was to formulate new bromopride sustained release formulations as tablets, and to develop mathematical models to standardize the scale up of this formulation, controlling weight and hardness of the tablets during manufacture according to the USP 34th edition. DOE studies were conducted using Minitab(tm) software. Different excipient combinations were evaluated in order to produce bromopride sustained-release matrix tablets. In the scale-up study, data were collected and variations in tableting machine parameters were measured. Data were processed by Minitab(tm) software, generating mathematical equations used for prediction of powder compaction behavior, according to the settings of the tableting machine suitable for scale-up purposes. Bromopride matrix tablets with appropriate characteristics for sustained release were developed. The scale-up of the formulation with the most suitable sustained release profile was established by using mathematical models, indicating that the formulation can be a substitute for the pellets currently marketed.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-82502014000200008 34687 downloads

13.

Association of infantile bruxism and the terminal relationships of the primary second molars
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Junqueira, Tatiana Helena

; Nahás-Scocate, Ana Carla Raphaelli

; Valle-Corotti, Karyna Martins do

; Conti, Ana Claudia de Castro Ferreira

; Trevisan, Shirley

Brazilian Oral Research

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feb 2013, Volume 27 N. 1 Pages 42 - 47

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The aim of this study was to analyze the association between infantile bruxism and the terminal relationships of the primary second molars. A total of 937 pre-school children (both genders), aged from 2 to 6 years, from municipal schools in São Paulo were evaluated. In this study, a questionnaire considering the bruxism habit and the presence of headaches and/or restless sleep was answered by the parents/guardians. A clinical exam of occlusion in the anteroposterior direction (vertical plane - VP, mesial step - MS and distal step - DS) was performed by the examiners in the school environment. Student's t test, Fisher's test and a logistic regression test were applied for the statistical analysis at a significance level of 5%. The prevalence of the bruxism habit was 29.3% among the total sample. Because there was no significant difference between the sides evaluated, the left side was taken as the standard. Among those children with bruxism, 25.7% presented a mesial step terminal relationship at the primary second molars, 29.1% had DS, and 30.2% had VP. Regarding the association of the parafunctional habit with the type of terminal relationship, no significant results were found. Children who slept restlessly or suffered from headaches were verified to show a higher chance of expressing the habit (OR = 2.4 and 1.6, respectively). The prevalence of bruxism in the studied sample was 29.3%, and its association with the primary second molars' terminal relationship was not statistically significant.

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14.

46,XX DSD and Antley-Bixler syndrome due to novel mutations in the cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase gene
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Guaragna-Filho, Guilherme

; Castro, Carla Cristina Telles de Sousa

; De Carvalho, Rodrigo Ribeiro

; Coeli, Fernanda Borchers

; Ferraz, Lúcio Fábio Caldas

; Petroli, Reginaldo José

; De Mello, Maricilda Palandi

; Sewaybricker, Letícia Esposito

; Lemos-Marini, Sofia Helena Valente

; D'Souza-Li, Lilia Freire Rodrigues

; Miranda, Márcio Lopes

; Maciel-Guerra, Andréa Trevas

; Guerra-Junior, Gil

Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia

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nov 2012, Volume 56 N. 8 Pages 578 - 585

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A deficiência da enzima P450 oxidorredutase é uma forma rara de hiperplasia congênita da adrenal com características de inibição combinada e parcial de enzimas esteroidogênicas, pois a enzima P450 oxidorredutase participa da transferência de elétrons para as enzimas CYP21A2, CYP17A1 e CYP19A1. Essa deficiência causa um distúrbio do desenvolvimento do sexo e alterações esqueléticas semelhantes às da síndrome de Antley-Bixley. Relatamos o caso de uma menina, atualmente com 9 anos de idade, que apresentava ao nascimento genitais virilizados (Prader 5) sem gônadas palpáveis, com cariótipo 46,XX e hipogonadismo hipergonadotrófico. No primeiro ano de vida, foram observados cisto ovariano, insuficiência adrenal parcial e alterações osteoarticulares como leve craniossinostose, sinostose carpal e tarsal e limitação de pronossupinação dos membros superiores. Sua mãe apresentou intensa virilização durante a gestação. O estudo molecular do gene P450 oxidorredutase revelou a heterozigose composta das mutações nonsense p.Arg223* e da missense nova p.Met408Lys, herdadas do pai e da mãe, respectivamente. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2012;56(8):578-85

Deficiency of the enzyme P450 oxidoreductase is a rare form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia with characteristics of combined and partial impairments in steroidogenic enzyme activities, as P450 oxidoreductase transfers electrons to CYP21A2, CYP17A1, and CYP19A1. It results in disorders of sex development and skeletal malformations similar to Antley-Bixley syndrome. We report the case of a 9-year-old girl who was born with virilized genitalia (Prader stage V), absence of palpable gonads, 46,XX karyotype, and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. During the first year of life, ovarian cyst, partial adrenal insufficiency, and osteoarticular changes, such as mild craniosynostosis, carpal and tarsal synostosis, and limited forearm pronosupination were observed. Her mother presented severe virilization during pregnancy. The molecular analysis of P450 oxidoreductase gene revealed compound heterozygosis for the nonsense p.Arg223*, and the novel missense p.Met408Lys, inherited from the father and the mother, respectively. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2012;56(8):578-85

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15.

Rational use of antioxidants in solid oral pharmaceutical preparations
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Celestino, Maísa Teodoro

; Magalhães, Uiaran de Oliveira

; Fraga, Aline Guerra Manssour

; Carmo, Flávia Almada do

; Lione, Viviane

; Castro, Helena Carla

; Sousa, Valeria Pereira de

; Rodrigues, Carlos Rangel

; Cabral, Lucio Mendes

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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sep 2012, Volume 48 N. 3 Pages 405 - 415

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Atualmente, antioxidantes são usados como excipientes eficientes, que retardam ou inibem o processo de oxidação de moléculas. Excipientes são frequentemente associados a efeitos adversos. Estudos de estabilidade podem ajudar na busca por possíveis soluções para minimizar ou retardar os processos de degradação. A habilidade de prever as reações de oxidação em diferentes fármacos é importante. O estudo foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar o uso racional de hidroxianisol butilado (BHA), hidroxitolueno butilado (BHT), metabissulfito sódico (SMB), galato de propila (PG) e cisteína (CYS) em formulações de comprimidos de sinvastatina e cetoconazol. Eles foram avaliados por parâmetros de estabilidade e pela relação entre a eficiência dos antioxidantes e a estrutura química do fármaco. Os resultados foram comparados com testes de DPPH e simulações em computador. BHT foi mais eficiente com relação a estabilidade da sinvastatina e às concentrações mais eficientes para manutenção de estabilidade foram 0,5 e 0,1%. Com relação ao cetoconazol, SMB foi mais eficiente em manter o conteúdo e o perfil de dissolução. A avaliação por DPPH mostrou que o maior percentual de redução de absorção foi observado para PG, enquanto que SMB mostrou ser mais eficiente e consumir menos DPPH. A mesma tendência foi observada com menos eficiência em todos os outros antioxidantes lipofílicos como o BHT e BHA. Os resultados do estudo de modelagem molecular demonstraram que as propriedades eletrônicas obtidas podem ser correlacionadas com a atividade antioxidante em solução, sendo útil para o desenvolvimento racional de formulações farmacêuticas líquidas, mas não para formulações sólidas orais. Este estudo demonstrou a importância de considerar parâmetros de estabilidade e modelagem molecular para elucidar os fenômenos químicos envolvidos na atividade antioxidante, sendo úteis para o uso racional de antioxidantes no desenvolvimento de formulações farmacêuticas.

Antioxidants are currently used as efficient excipients that delay or inhibit the oxidation process of molecules. Excipients are often associated with adverse reactions. Stability studies can guide the search for solutions that minimize or delay the processes of degradation. The ability to predict oxidation reactions in different drugs is important. Methods: This study was conducted to assess the rational use of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), sodium metabisulfite (SMB), propyl gallate (PG) and cysteine (CYS) in tablet formulations of simvastatin and ketoconazole. These antioxidants were evaluated according to stability parameters and the relationship between efficiency of the antioxidant and chemical structure of the drugs. Results were compared with DPPH tests and computational simulations. BHT was most efficient regarding simvastatin stability, and the most effective BHT concentrations for maintaining stability were 0.5 and 0.1%. In relation to ketoconazole, SMB was most efficient for maintaining content and dissolution profile. The evaluation by DPPH showed that the largest percentage of absorbance reduction was observed for PG, while SMB proved most efficient and had lower consumption of DPPH. The same pattern was observed, albeit with lower efficiency, for the other lipophilic antioxidants such as BHT and BHA. The results of the molecular modeling study demonstrated that electronic properties obtained were correlated with antioxidant activity in solution, being useful for the rational development of liquid pharmaceutical formulations but not for solid oral formulations. This study demonstrated the importance of considering stability parameters and molecular modeling to elucidate the chemical phenomena involved in antioxidant activity, being useful for the rational use of antioxidants in the development of pharmaceutical formulations.

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