Resumo Amparando-se em Uma teoria da paródia, de Linda Hutcheon, o artigo constata que A lua vem da Ásia, de Campos de Carvalho, é uma paródia de Viagem ao fim da noite de Louis-Ferdinand Céline. Descreve-se o romance carvalhiano como uma tensa síntese bitextual que retoma, de maneira deferente, a visão de mundo pessimista do romance céliniano, não obstante contraditando-a, com distanciamento crítico e ironia, ao endossar reiteradamente a busca por uma transcendência transmundana, isto é, uma salvação através de outro mundo. Amparandose Amparando se Hutcheon Ásia Carvalho LouisFerdinand Louis Ferdinand Céline Descrevese Descreve retoma deferente céliniano contraditandoa, contraditandoa contraditando a, contraditando-a ironia transmundana

Abstract Drawing on Linda Hutcheon’s A Theory of Parody, this article considers Campos de Carvalho’s A lua vem da Ásia as a parody of Louis-Ferdinand Céline’s Journey to the End of the Night. The article describes A lua vem da Ásia as a tense bitextual synthesis that deferentially picks up the pessimistic worldview of Céline’s novel, whilst contradicting it with critical distance and irony by repeatedly endorsing the quest for a transmundane transcendence, i.e., a salvation by means of another world. Hutcheons Hutcheon s Parody Carvalhos Carvalho LouisFerdinand Louis Ferdinand Célines Céline Night novel transcendence ie i e i.e. world i.e

Résumé En s’apuiant sur Une théorie de la parodie, de Linda Hutcheon, l‘article constate que La lune vient d‘Asie de Campos de Carvalho est une parodie de Voyage au bout de la nuit de Louis-Ferdinand Céline. Le roman carvalhien est décrit comme une synthèse bitextuelle tendue qui reprend avec déférence la vision du monde pessimiste du roman célinien, tout en la contredisant, avec distance critique et ironie, en renforçant à plusieurs reprises la recherche d'une transcendance transmondaine, c'est-à-dire un salut à travers un autre monde. sapuiant s apuiant Hutcheon larticle l article dAsie d Asie LouisFerdinand Louis Ferdinand Céline célinien contredisant ironie dune transmondaine cestàdire c dire

ABSTRACT Afforestation of sites disturbed after bauxite mining is the favorite technique to restore all ecosystem functions. The nature of the tree species used for revegetation of post-mining land can accelerate the recovery of soil organic matter and nutrient cycles. This study aimed to determine the litterfall production, decomposition rate and nutrient content from three types of forest cover ( Eucalyptus , Anadenanthera peregrina , mixed plantation of 16 native species) planted in a bauxite mining area in recovery. Litterfall production was evaluated monthly over 30 months, and the litter mass was assessed twice a year (dry and rainy periods). Total nutrient content was determined from samples grouped by period (dry and rainy). The annual average values for litterfall dry mass and litter mass were higher in Eucalyptus and mixed native. The period (dry or rainy) did not influence litterfall rates in A. peregrina , but Eucalyptus and mixed native presented higher amounts for litterfall during the rainy and dry periods, respectively. Litter accumulation in Eucalyptus was not affected by the season of the year, but mixed native and A. peregrina presented higher litter accumulation in the dry season. Apparent decomposition rates of A. peregrina and mixed native were higher in the rainy season, highlighting the A. peregrina with the highest values compared with the other forest covers. The mixed native presented the highest leaf content of P, K, Ca and Mg in both the litterfall and litter mass, while Eucalyptus had the lowest P, K, Ca, S and N content and the highest C content in the litterfall. Litterfall production is important in degraded areas to ensure the nutrient return to the soil. The data obtained suggest that the cultivation of a mixed of 16 native trees contribute for produce the higher annual litterfall yields, besides produces leaf litterfall of better nutritional quality in relation to P, K, Ca, Mg and S. Therefore, mixed of native trees can be a promising option for reactivation of nutrient cycling and organic matter formation in mined area of bauxite in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest.

BACKGROUND A positive Trypanosoma cruzi polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is associated with a worse prognosis in patients with chronic Chagas disease (CD). OBJECTIVES To study the association of clinical, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic characteristics and biomarker blood levels with positive T. cruzi PCR in chronic CD. METHODS This is a single-centre observational cross-sectional study. Positive T. cruzi PCR association with clinical, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic characteristics, and biomarker blood levels were studied by logistic regression analysis. p values < 0.05 were considered significant. FINDINGS Among 333 patients with chronic CD (56.4% men; 62 ± 10 years), T. cruzi PCR was positive in 41.1%. Stepwise multivariate logistic regression showed an independent association between positive T. cruzi PCR and diabetes mellitus {odds ratio (OR) 0.53 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.30-0.93]; p = 0.03}, right bundle branch block [OR 1.78 (95% CI 1.09-2.89); p = 0.02], and history of trypanocidal treatment [OR 0.13 (95% CI 0.04-0.38); p = 0.0002]. Among patients with a history of trypanocidal treatment (n = 39), only four (10%) patients had a positive T. cruzi PCR. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Among several studied parameters, only diabetes mellitus, right bundle branch block, and history of trypanocidal treatment showed an independent association with positive T. cruzi PCR. History of trypanocidal treatment was a strong protective factor against a positive T. cruzi PCR.

Resumo O termo “capital natural” teve sua origem atrelada à Economia; nos últimos anos, no entanto, discussões a seu respeito têm crescido na área de Contabilidade. Definido como o estoque de recursos naturais renováveis ou não renováveis, que se combinam para produzir um fluxo de benefícios para a sociedade e para os negócios, o capital natural fornece valor por meio dos seus serviços ecossistêmicos. Nesse caso, considerando que: o capital natural é derivado de recursos naturais que compõem o patrimônio natural, a combinação desses recursos contribui para que os negócios criem valor, e a participação da sociedade no valor gerado pelos negócios não é evidenciada pela contabilidade, o presente ensaio tem por objetivo propor a perspectiva teórica do shareholder invisível, tendo em vista a contribuição ainda não reconhecida da sociedade como fornecedora do capital natural aos negócios. Para tal, o estudo apresenta a relação entre o capital natural, os negócios e a sociedade, com base: nos aspectos associados a propriedade e controle, na contribuição do capital natural no processo de criação de valor dos negócios e nos elementos que envolvem a evidenciação dessa relação na contabilidade. Economia anos entanto Contabilidade ecossistêmicos caso contabilidade invisível tal base controle

Resumen El término “capital natural” tuvo sus orígenes ligados a la Economía; En los últimos años, sin embargo, han crecido las discusiones al respecto en el área de Contabilidad. Definido como el stock de recursos naturales renovables o no renovables que se combinan para producir un flujo de beneficios para la sociedad y las empresas, el capital natural proporciona valor a través de sus servicios ecosistémicos. En este caso, considerando que: el capital natural se deriva de los recursos naturales que conforman el patrimonio natural, la combinación de estos recursos contribuye a que las empresas creen valor, y la participación de la sociedad en el valor generado por las empresas no se evidencia en la contabilidad, el presente ensayo pretende proponer la perspectiva teórica del accionista invisible, teniendo en cuenta la contribución aún no reconocida de la sociedad como proveedora de capital natural a las empresas. Para ello, el estudio presenta la relación entre capital natural, empresa y sociedad, a partir de: aspectos asociados a la propiedad y control, el aporte del capital natural en el proceso de creación de valor empresarial y los elementos que implican la revelación de esta relación en la contabilidad. Economía años embargo Contabilidad ecosistémicos caso contabilidad invisible ello control

Abstract The term “natural capital” originated in the field of economics but has gained increasing prominence in accounting in recent years. Natural capital is the stock of renewable or non-renewable natural resources that benefit both society and businesses, providing value through ecosystem services. This essay proposes the theoretical perspective of the invisible shareholder, highlighting the often unacknowledged contribution of society as a supplier of natural capital to businesses. This perspective is grounded in the following observations: a) natural capital arises from the natural resources that constitute our natural heritage, b) the combination of these resources contributes to the value creation of businesses, and c) accounting disclosures typically do not account for society’s participation in the value generated by businesses The study examines the relationship between natural capital, business, and society based on aspects associated with ownership and control, the contribution of natural capital in the business value creation process, and the elements that involve disclosing this relationship in accounting. years nonrenewable non services shareholder observations heritage b c societys s control process

RESUMO Obesidade leva ao acúmulo de gordura e disfunção do tecido adiposo. Compostos ativos foram descritos no óleo-resina de copaíba, que apresenta efeitos anti-inflamatórios, antimicrobiais e antioxidantes. Contudo, não há dados sobre os efeitos do óleo-resina de copaíba sobre o tecido adiposo. Assim, testamos a hipótese de que o óleo-resina de copaíba pode prevenir ou minimizar a obesidade, e inflamação e estresse oxidativo no tecido adiposo em resposta à dieta rica em sacarose. Ratos Wistar machos foram casualmente divididos para receber dieta padrão (C, n = 8), dieta padrão e 30% de sacarose na água de beber (S, n = 8), e dieta padrão e 30% de sacarose na água de beber + óleo-resina de copaíba (S+CO, n = 8). O óleo-resina de copaíba foi administrado via gavagem (200 mg kg-1 dia-1), por oito semanas. Animais dos grupos não suplementados (C e S) receberam veículo via gavagem, em volume equivalente ao oferecido ao grupo S+CO. Ao final do experimento, amostras de sangue e tecido adiposo epididimal foram coletadas para análises bioquímicas, inflamatórias e de estresse oxidativo. A suplementação com óleo-resina preveniu ganho de peso, adiposidade, resistência à insulina e aumento de IL-1β, inibiu parcialmente o aumento nos níveis de glicemia de jejum, lipídeos e níveis de IL-6 no tecido adiposo, além de melhorar o sistema de defesa antioxidante no tecido. Nossos resultados sugerem que o óleo-resina de copaíba pode ser usado como uma boa estratégia para a prevenção da obesidade e suas complicações.

ABSTRACT Obesogenic diets lead to fat accumulation and dysfunctional adipose tissue. Active compounds were described in copaiba oleoresin, which presents anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. However, there are no data regarding the effects of copaiba oleoresin in adipose tissue. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that the copaiba oleoresin could prevent or minimize obesity and adipose tissue inflammation and oxidative stress in response to a high sucrose diet. Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to receiving commercial chow (C, n = 8), commercial chow and 30% sucrose added to the drinking water (S, n = 8), or commercial chow and 30% sucrose added to the drinking water + copaiba oleoresin (S+CO, n = 8). Copaiba oleoresin was given at a dose of 200 mg kg-1 day-1 by gavage for eight weeks. C and S animals received vehicle, at equivalent volume, by gavage. At the end of the experiment, blood samples and epididymal adipose tissue were collected for biochemical, inflammatory, and oxidative stress analyses. Copaiba oleoresin supplementation prevented weight gain, adiposity, insulin resistance, and increased IL-1β levels. Additionally, copaiba oleoresin partially attenuated the increase in fasting glucose levels, lipids, and IL-6 levels, and improved the redox status in adipose tissue. Our results suggest that the use of copaiba oleoresin could be a good strategy for prevention of obesity and its complications.

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi explorar como é que variáveis contextuais associadas ao período de confinamento resultante da pandemia COVID-19 podem discriminar sintomas de ansiedade, depressão e stress em atletas. Adicionalmente, pretendeu-se explorar as preocupações mais experienciadas pelos atletas aquando da retoma da sua prática desportiva, e como é que estas se associam a indicadores psicopatológicos. Participaram neste estudo 265 atletas que completaram medidas de autorrelato. Os resultados demonstraram que existem diferenças nos indicadores psicopatológicos em termos de horas de treino por semana e do tipo de contacto que os atletas mantiveram com o treinador. Este estudo demonstrou que os atletas reportam preocupações relativamente à retoma da sua prática após o período de confinamento, e que estas preocupações foram associadas a sintomas de ansiedade, depressão e stress. Este estudo tem importantes implicações práticas, alertando a comunidade desportiva para o impacto de variáveis contextuais associadas à pandemia. As comunidades desportivas devem encorajar a preservação das rotinas dos atletas, e incentivar os treinadores a continuarem a orientar o treino dos seus atletas.

RESUMEN Este estudio tuvo como objetivo explorar como las variables contextuales asociadas con el período de confinamiento de la pandemia pueden discriminar los síntomas de ansiedad, depresión y estrés. También se pretendió comprender las preocupaciones al retomar práctica deportiva y como estas podrían estar asociadas con indicadores psicopatológicos. La muestra incluyó 265 deportistas que completaron cuestionarios de autorespuesta. Los resultados demostraron que existen diferencias en los indicadores psicopatológicos en las horas de entrenamiento y el tipo de contacto que los deportistas tienen con su entrenador. Los atletas reportaron preocupaciones con respecto a la reanudación de la práctica deportiva después del período de confinamiento social, que se asociaron con síntomas de ansiedad, depresión y estrés. Este estudio puede contribuir a advertir a la comunidad deportiva sobre el impacto de las variables contextuales relacionadas con esta pandemia. Las comunidades deportivas deben fomentar la preservación de las actividades físicas, y apoyar a los entrenadores para que sigan guiando el entrenamiento de sus atletas.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to explore how contextual variables associated with the period of confinement during pandemic can differentiate symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress. It also intended to understand the concerns that were experienced by athletes when resuming their sport practice and how these could be associated with psychopathological indicators. The sample comprised 265 athletes who completed self-reported questionnaires. Results demonstrated that there were differences in psychopathological indicators in terms of hours of training per week, and the type of contact that athletes have with their coach. Athletes reported concerns regarding the resumption of sport practice, and that were associated with anxiety, depression, and stress symptoms. This study may contribute in warning the sports community about the impact of contextual variables-related to critical moments of this pandemic. Sports communities should encourage the preservation of the athlete's physical activities, as well as supporting coaches in continuing to guide athlete's training.

Furanaphthoquinones are well known in medicinal chemistry for exhibiting relevant structural heterogeneity and bioactivities. In this work, it was synthesized a series of furanaphthoquinones through a tandem reaction between lawsone (8) and cyclic ketones in the presence of morpholine. This strategy provides an efficient and general method for synthesizing furanaphthoquinones with activity against the epimastigote form of Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi), the parasite that causes Chagas disease. Compound 9b was the better prototype, and it exhibited high potency for causing parasite death, showed reduced acute toxicity towards mammalian cells, and was capable of rupturing the epimastigote plasma membrane and acting on sterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51). Additionally, 9b reduced trypomastigote viability by 99% after 24 h. Candidate 9b demonstrated the best and most promising profile when bound to CYP51.

A BRIEF OVERVIEW ON SINGLE-ATOM CATALYSIS: CONCEPTS AND APPLICATIONS. Catalytic processes became extremely important for the development of our society, especially after the second industrial revolution. Thus, the research for more efficient catalysts is an obstacle to overcome to achieve cheaper processes, higher yields, and selectivity of desired products. In this context, single-atom catalysis emerges as a promising alternative to unite the advantages of traditional homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. Catalysis by single-atoms is a bridge that unites in a single catalyst the ease of recovery and reuse (from heterogeneous catalysis) with the high exposure and uniformity of sites (from homogeneous catalysis). Thus, single-atom catalysts (SACs) and single-atom alloys (SAAs) have already found several applications in the literature, such as in hydrogenation, oxidation, conversion of biomass derivatives, electrocatalysis, and photocatalysis. However, it is essential to emphasize that it is still a field that is expanding and relatively new, with several opportunities and many barriers to surpass. In this review, concepts of homogeneous, enzymatic, and heterogeneous catalysis will be addressed, as well as fundamental aspects of single-atom catalysis, preparation methods, characterization, and current challenges.

ANALYTICAL EVALUATION OF COMMERCIAL FUEL ANALYZER IN GASOLINE AND ETHANOL FUEL QUALITY CONTROL. Brazilian news media is full of examples about fuels out of the compliances and needs to control fuel quality. This work proposed an analytical validation of a commercial near infrared photometer (Xerloq, Tech Chrom Analytical Instruments, Brazil) able to identify percentage of ethanol in fuels comparing with NBR standards. Four procedures were selected: analysis of ethanol percentage in gasoline type C samples comparing with standard method ABNT 13992; analysis of ethanol percentage in fuel ethanol samples comparing with standard method ABNT 5992; linearity correlation and selectivity of standard solution analysis. Comparisons between the photometer and standards measurements were to determine the accuracy and precision of the device which presented a little variation from the norm (ER < 1.3%, sR < 0.4%). With regard to the test for linearity, Ethanol:water mixtures was analyzed with R-squared larger than 0.999 with RMSEV less than 1%. On selectivity tests, Gasoline:Ethanol:water and Methanol:Ethanol:water mixtures were measured with bias error not exceeding 5% for regulated samples. In conclusion, this fuel analyzer can be used to analyze ethanol content in Brazilian fuels with similar results comparing with classical standard volumetric and glass densimeter analysis and may indicate adulteration gasoline and ethanol samples by anomalous data.

BACKGROUND: Current orthopaedic practice requires a forearm nail that is length and rotationally stable and which can restore functional anatomy. A forearm nailing system was designed based on clinical need. This nailing system features unique designs and locking holes that offer a larger approach and escape angle for ease of interlocking. The aim of the present study was to test the prototype and evaluate the design changes in cadaver bonesMETHODS: A cross-sectional cadaveric study, including ten cadavers with normal forearm anatomy (n = 20 forearms) was conducted. Both forearms of the cadavers were used to evaluate the locking times and exposure time during i) insertion; ii) locking; and iii) removal of the nails, resulting in the evaluation of a total of 40 procedures. All nails were assessed for insertions of interlocking screwsRESULTS: The nail was successfully inserted into 38 bones. Inserted nails were available for locking (n = 38), and all locking attempts at both driving ends (n = 38, 100%), as well as the non-driving ends (n = 76, 100%), were successful. Freehand locking at the non-driving end of the nail (38 cases, 76 locking holes) took a median of 44.5 seconds (interquartile range [IQR] 33.0-59.0), while the number of exposures ranged from 2 to 12 with a median of 5.5 exposures (IQR 4.0-8.0). The freehand locking procedure's exposure time was 0.09 minutes (IQR 0.07-0.23CONCLUSION: The proposed forearm intramedullary nail design modifications allowed for successful implantation, interlocking and removal of nails in both radius and ulna cadaver bones, with acceptable radiation exposureLevel of evidence: Level 5

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento, atitudes e práticas em relação à COVID-19 entre profissionais de saúde atuantes em países da América Latina durante o primeiro surto da pandemia. Métodos: Estudo multinacional transversal com uso de questionário on-line autoaplicável. A versão final do questionário foi composta por 40 perguntas, organizadas em cinco seções: características demográficas e profissionais; conhecimento sobre COVID-19; atitudes em relação à COVID-19; práticas relacionadas à COVID-19; e recursos institucionais. Resultados: O estudo envolveu 251 profissionais de saúde de 19 países da América Latina que aceitaram participar. Em nossa amostra, 77% dos profissionais de saúde participaram de algum tipo de treinamento institucional sobre COVID-19 e 43% tiveram baixa pontuação de conhecimento sobre COVID-19. O conhecimento sobre COVID-19 apresentou associação com o tipo de instituição de saúde (pública/privada), disponibilidade de treinamento institucional e fontes de informação. Receio de não prestar atendimento adequado foi relatado por 60% dos participantes. As estratégias ventilatórias mais utilizadas foram ventilação mecânica protetora, manobras de recrutamento alveolar e posição prona, e o uso de medicamentos para tratar a COVID-19 foi baseado principalmente em protocolos institucionais. Conclusões: Neste estudo multinacional na América Latina, quase metade da amostra teve baixa pontuação de conhecimento sobre COVID-19 e o nível de conhecimento apresentou associação com o tipo de instituição, participação em treinamento institucional e fontes de informação. Os profissionais de saúde consideravam a COVID-19 muito relevante, e mais da metade tinha receio de não prestar atendimento adequado aos pacientes.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes, and practices among health care workers (HCWs) practicing in Latin American countries during the first surge of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This was a multinational cross-sectional survey study, using an online self-administered questionnaire. The final version of the questionnaire comprised 40 questions, organized in five sections: demographic and professional characteristics; COVID-19 knowledge; attitudes toward COVID-19; COVID-19 practices; and institutional resources. Results: The study involved 251 HCWs from 19 Latin American countries who agreed to participate. In our sample, 77% of HCWs participated in some sort of institutional training on COVID-19, and 43% had a low COVID-19 knowledge score. COVID-19 knowledge was associated with the type of health center (public/private), availability of institutional training, and sources of information about COVID-19. Concerns about not providing adequate care were reported by 60% of the participants. The most commonly used ventilatory strategies were protective mechanical ventilation, alveolar recruitment maneuvers, and prone positioning, and the use of drugs to treat COVID-19 was mainly based on institutional protocols. Conclusions: In this multinational study in Latin America, almost half of HCWs had a low COVID-19 knowledge score, and the level of knowledge was associated with the type of institution, participation in institutional training, and information sources. HCWs considered that COVID-19 was very relevant, and more than half were concerned about not providing adequate care to patients.

BACKGROUND: Mechanical testing of newly designed implants provides valuable insight into their mechanical properties. This provides surgeons with information about implant choice for the treatment of fractures and the effect of the implant's mechanical properties on fracture healing METHODS: A novel interlocking forearm nail was subjected to standardised mechanical testing according to the Standard Specification and Test Methods for Intramedullary Fixation Devices (ATSM 126416), using static and dynamic four-point bending and static torsion (ASTM STP 588). Three nails were used for the static bending and torsion and nine for the dynamic bending tests. All nails were catalogued, numbered and photographed before testing RESULTS: The mechanical testing results showed a mean force yield (Fy) of 566 ± 20 N, a moment of yield (My) 10.75 ± 0.37 Nm, a stiffness of 67.10 ± 2 N/mm and structural stiffness of 1.53 ± 0.50 m². The torsional stiffness of the nail was 0.088 ± 0.002 Nm/°. The four-point dynamic bending test showed a fatigue strength of 5.23 Nm. This value was determined using the semi-log moment/ number of cycles (M-N) diagram and showed a 50% failure at a million cycles. If the moment were reduced to 4.4 Nm, mathematically, the survival rate would improve to 90% CONCLUSION: The results from this mechanical testing show that this novel intramedullary forearm nail can resist mechanical forces experienced during fracture healing and could potentially be used in future clinical studies Level of evidence: Level 4

This study aimed to develop a reliable stability-indicating method (SIM) for amoxicillin 500 mg capsules (DP-drug product). A literature review addressing amoxicillin (AMX; DS-drug substance) forced degradation studies and the existing SIMs was conducted to verify the most significant outcomes. Subsequently, the forced degradation of DP and DS was carried out following the Brazilian Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA) guidelines, including thermal degradation (dry and wet heat), acidic and alkaline hydrolyses, hydrogen peroxide oxidation, reaction with copper, and photodegradation. Both DS and DP were more susceptible to 0.015 M NaOH, resulting in approximately 50% degradation. AMX DS and DP were not significantly photodegraded, but some degradation products (PDegs) showed susceptibility to light exposure. Thermodegraded samples showing ≥ 10% degradation exhibited modified profiles in thermogravimetric (TG) and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analyses. The X-ray powder diffraction patterns (XRPD) of DS samples exposed to dry and wet heat displayed complete amorphization of AMX, attesting to the occurrence of physical degradation concomitantly with chemical degradation, which can alter the drug’s bioavailability. In contrast, the thermodegraded DP samples exhibited intact AMX crystals interspersed with the amorphous form, perhaps partly protected by the excipient. The validated SIM was able to detect and quantify about 80 PDegs.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to accurately establish the variability in the anatomy of the radius and ulna in the context of the design of an intramedullary nail for both bonesMETHODS: Forearm computed tomography scans were used to measure the specific internal and external anatomy of the radius and ulna in adult patients. Patients with fractures or dislocations involving either the radius and/or ulna were excludedRESULTS: A total of 97 scans, comprising 84% male and 16% female patients, were included. The mean radius length was 238.43±18.38 mm (95% CI 234.60-241.74 mm). The mean curvature was an arc with a radius of 561.43±93.49 mm (95% CI 543.09-580.78 mm). The smallest measurement of the canal width was 5.17 mm (95% CI 4.87-5.47 mm). The ulna showed a mean length of 259.90±19.88 mm (95% CI 255.89-263.91 mm). The smallest measurement of the canal width was 4.80±1.30 mm (95% CI 4.53-5.87 mm). The mean proximal shaft angle was 11.39±3.30° (95% CI 10.76-12.82°CONCLUSION: This computed tomography scan-based anthropomorphic study has identified novel anatomical features and associations of human forearm bones. This information will be used in the design and manufacture of anatomic intramedullary devices to better manage radius and ulna fractures or pathologyLevel of evidence: Level 4

RESUMO O objetivo desta revisão busca compreender o uso da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) para identificar sua relação com a ocorrência de lesões esportivas que não envolvem contato, além de indicar padrões da VFC após concussões para orientar o retorno seguro ao esporte. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática nas bases de dados Pubmed, EMBASE e PEDRo, incluindo artigos até dezembro de 2020, utilizando os seguintes termos: ((((athletes OR players) AND (Heart Hate Variability OR HRV)) AND (sport OR sports OR exercises OR physical activity)) AND (injuries OR injury)). Os princípios de elegibilidade de PICOS foram: P (population): atletas, I (intervention): o uso da VFC, C (control): atletas não lesionados, O (outcomes): índices de VFC e suas relações com lesões esportivas, e S (study): estudos em seres humanos. De 62 artigos identificados na busca, 12 foram incluídos na revisão, sendo 6 mostrando que a diminuição da VFC e o desequilíbrio simpatovagal estão relacionados à fadiga, overtraining e overreaching; e 6 artigos relacionados com a avaliação da VFC pós-concussão, onde identificaram alteração de modulação autonômica nos atletas concussionados que vão além da ausência dos sintomas. Em conclusão, a VFC pode ser uma ferramenta utilizada no âmbito esportivo para identificar maior risco de lesões esportivas sem contato, identificando situações de fadiga, overtraining e overreaching, como também auxiliar no processo de retorno ao esporte pós-concussão cerebral pela avaliação do balanço autonômico.

ABSTRACT The objective of this review was to understand the use of heart rate variability (HRV) to identify its relationship with the occurrence of no contact sports injuries, in addition to indicating patterns of HRV after concussions and to the guidance in the process of returning to sport. A systematic review was carried out on the Pubmed, EMBASE, and PEDRo databases from its origin until December 2020, using the following terms: (((((athletes OR players) AND (Heart Hate Variability OR HRV)) AND (sport OR sports OR exercises OR physical activity)) AND (injuries OR injury)). The PICOS eligibility principles were: P (population): athletes, I (intervention): the use of HRV, C (control): uninjured athletes, O (outcomes): HRV indices and their relationship with sports injuries, and S (study): studies in humans. Of the 62 papers identified in the search, 12 were included in the review, 6 showing that decreased HRV and sympathetic-vagal imbalance are related to fatigue, overtraining, and overreaching; and 6 articles related to the assessment of HRV after a concussion, which identified changes in autonomic modulation in concussion athletes. In conclusion, the HRV may be a tool used in sports to identify a greater risk of no contact sports injuries, identifying situations of fatigue, overtraining, and overreaching, as well as assisting in the process of returning to sport after a cerebral concussion by assessing the autonomic balance.

RESUMEN El objetivo de esta revisión fue estimar el uso de la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca (VFC) para identificar su relación con la ocurrencia de lesiones deportivas sin contacto, así como indicar patrones de VFC después de concusiones para auxiliar en el regreso seguro al deporte. Se realizó una revisión sistemática en las bases de datos PubMed, EMBASE y PEDRo de artículos publicados hasta diciembre de 2020 utilizando las siguientes palabras clave: ((((athletes OR players) AND (Heart Hate Variability OR HRV)) AND (sport OR sports OR exercises OR physical activity)) AND (injuries OR injury)). Los principios de elegibilidad de PICOS fueron: P (population): atletas, I (intervention): el uso de VFC, C (control): deportistas sin lesión, O (outcomes): índices de VFC y su relación con las lesiones deportivas, y S (study): estudios en humanos. De 62 artículos encontrados, se incluyeron 12 en la revisión, de los cuales 6 muestran que la disminución de la VFC y el desequilibrio simpatovagal están relacionados con la fatiga, overtraining y overreaching; y 6 artículos, con la evaluación de la VFC posconcusión, que identificaron cambios en la modulación autonómica en deportistas con conmoción que van más allá de la ausencia de síntomas. Se concluye que la VFC puede ser una herramienta útil para identificar un mayor riesgo de lesiones deportivas sin contacto como las situaciones de fatiga, overtraining y overreaching, así como para ayudar en el proceso de regreso al deporte después de una concusión cerebral mediante la evaluación del balance autonómico.