Marco contextual: La caminata se ha utilizado como intervención para promover la salud y aliviar los síntomas durante la quimioterapia en los pacientes con cáncer. Objetivo: Se desarrolló este itinerario con el objetivo de mapear la producción científica sobre la utilización de la caminata como intervención en los usuarios sometidos a quimioterapia. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión integradora de la literatura de artículos de las bases de datos MEDLINE® y CINAHL®. El protocolo de revisión se diseñó y se realizó la categorización temática. Resultados: Con base en los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se consideraron para su análisis 12 estudios primarios publicados entre 2010 y 2017. Se identificaron 5 áreas temáticas relevantes: duración, frecuencia y seguimiento de la caminata durante la quimioterapia, adhesión a la intervención de la caminata, efectos en los síntomas psicológicos y físicos, población objetivo e instrumentos de evaluación utilizados. Conclusión: A pesar de las ventajas de la utilización de la caminata durante la quimioterapia, su utilización como intervención de enfermería es aún incipiente, por lo que es fundamental realizar más investigaciones a este nivel.

Enquadramento: A caminhada tem vindo a ser utilizada como intervenção promotora da saúde e para alívio dos sintomas em utentes com cancro durante a quimioterapia. Objetivo: Delineou-se este percurso com o objetivo de mapear a produção científica sobre a utilização da caminhada enquanto intervenção nos utentes sujeitos a quimioterapia. Metodologia: Procedeu-se a uma revisão integrativa da literatura de artigos das bases de dados MEDLINE® e CINAHL®. O protocolo de revisão foi elaborado e a categorização temática foi realizada. Resultados: Com base nos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram considerados 12 estudos primários para análise, publicados entre 2010 e 2017. Foram identificadas 5 áreas temáticas relevantes: duração, frequência e acompanhamento da caminhada durante a quimioterapia, adesão à intervenção da caminhada, efeitos nos sintomas psicológicos e físicos, população-alvo e instrumentos de avaliação utilizados. Conclusão: Apesar das vantagens da utilização da caminhada durante a quimioterapia, é ainda incipiente a sua utilização como intervenção de enfermagem, sendo fundamental mais investigação a este nível.

Background: Walking has been used as a health promotion and symptom relief intervention in patients with cancer during chemotherapy. Objective: To map the existing literature on the use of walking as an intervention in patients undergoing chemotherapy. Methodology: Integrative review of articles found in MEDLINE® and CINAHL® databases. The review protocol was designed and the thematic categorization was performed. Results: Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 12 primary studies published between 2010 and 2017 were considered for analysis. Five relevant thematic areas were identified: duration, frequency, and monitoring of walking during chemotherapy; adherence to the walking intervention; effects on psychological and physical symptoms; target population; and assessment tools. Conclusion: Despite the advantages of the walking intervention during chemotherapy, evidence on its use as a nursing intervention is still scarce, with further research being required in this area.

ABSTRACT Introduction and objective: Focal cryotherapy emerged as an efficient option to treat favorable and localized prostate cancer (PCa). The purpose of this video is to describe the procedure step by step. Materials and methods: We present the case of a 68 year-old man with localized PCa in the anterior aspect of the prostate. Results: The procedure is performed under general anesthesia, with the patient in lithotomy position. Briefly, the equipment utilized includes the cryotherapy console coupled with an ultrasound system, argon and helium gas bottles, cryoprobes, temperature probes and an urethral warming catheter. The procedure starts with a real-time trans-rectal prostate ultrasound, which is used to outline the prostate, the urethra and the rectal wall. The cryoprobes are pretested and placed in to the prostate through the perineum, following a grid template, along with the temperature sensors under ultrasound guidance. A cystoscopy confirms the right positioning of the needles and the urethral warming catheter is installed. Thereafter, the freeze sequence with argon gas is started, achieving extremely low temperatures (-40°C) to induce tumor cell lysis. Sequentially, the thawing cycle is performed using helium gas. This process is repeated one time. Results among several series showed a biochemical disease-free survival between 71-93% at 9-70 month- follow-up, incontinence rates between 0-3.6% and erectile dysfunction between 0-42% (1–5). Conclusions: Focal cryotherapy is a feasible procedure to treat anterior PCa that may offer minimal morbidity, allowing good cancer control and better functional outcomes when compared to whole-gland treatment.

Diabetes Mellitus is increasing in our country, with a high prevalence of complications mainly because of poor metabolic control. Objectives: to evaluate association of health condition, demographic variables, and years since diagnosis with patient satisfaction regarding disease treatment. Methodology: prevalence study, 340 patient taken out of a population of 1.100 patients attended in the Cardiovascular Program of an outpatient clinic in Macul district. Informed consent was requested. Simple randomized sample (CI 95%, loss 10%). Data collected in the outpatient clinic or through home visits done by researchers or trained senior nursing students. Patient satisfaction was measured by the satisfaction subscale of the Diabetes Quality of Life Questionnaire (EsDQOL). Analysis: descriptive statistics, Chi2, Odds Ratios, CI (95%). Results: Population of mainly older adults, female, average years of school attendance 8.7. 42.6% has been diagnosed since more than 10 years. They refer greater satisfaction with: pharmacologic treatment, care received in outpatient visits, life in general. There exists more dissatisfaction with: time spent in exercise, sleep, sexual life. Satisfaction with pharmacologic treatment has association with diabetes compensation (p= 0.026). Patients dissatisfed with treatment have 2 times more risk of poor metabolic control than satisfed patients, IC[1.08-3.7]. Dissatisfaction with time spent in the disease, outpatient visits, and time spent in exercises, are associated with complications (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Dissatisfaction is more associated to complications than to poor metabolic control. Patient dissatisfed have more risk of complications than those satisfed.

La diabetes mellitus (DM) va en aumento en nuestro país, con alta prevalencia de complicaciones especialmente por mal control metabólico. Objetivo: evaluar asociación de condición de salud, variables sociodemográficas y años de diagnóstico con satisfacción del paciente con características del tratamiento de diabetes. Material y método: estudio de prevalencia en 340 pacientes de 1.100 usuarios DM2 controlados en Programa Cardiovascular de un Centro de Salud Familiar (CESFAM) de Macul, Región Metropolitana, Chile, previo consentimiento informado. Muestreo aleatorio simple (confianza 95%, merma 10%). Recolección de información en CESFAM y/o visita domiciliaria por investigadoras e internas de enfermería entrenadas. Satisfacción del paciente, medida con subescala satisfacción del cuestionario Diabetes Quality of Life (EsDQOL). Análisis con estadística descriptiva, Chi2, Odd Ratios, IC (95%). Resultados: Población mayoritariamente adulta mayor, femenina, promedio años estudio 8,7. El 42,6% tiene diagnóstico de DM hace más de 10 años. Refieren mayor satisfacción con: tratamiento medicamentoso, controles recibidos, vida en general. Existe mayor insatisfacción con: tiempo ocupado en ejercicios, cómo duerme, vida sexual. Satisfacción con tratamiento medicamentoso se asocia a compensación de diabetes (p= 0,026). Pacientes insatisfechos con tratamiento tienen 2 veces más riesgo de descompensación que los satisfechos, IC [1,08-3,7]. Insatisfacción con tiempo dedicado a enfermedad, controles, tiempo ocupado en controles y ejercicio indicado se asocian a complicaciones (p < 0,05). Conclusión: Insatisfacción con características del tratamiento de DM2 se asocia mayormente a complicaciones que a compensación de DM, pacientes insatisfechos tienen más riesgo de complicaciones que los satisfechos.

Objectives: To determine compliance with Chilean clinical guideline and to measure their impact through evaluation of patient’s health condition (HC), to determine associations. Methods: prevalence study, April 2010. Population: 1,100 diabetic patients controlled in the Cardiovascular Program, considering criteria of inclusion, exclusion, informed consent. Sample: 340 randomized patients (Confidence level: 95%; Loss: 10%). Information was collected in an outpatient clinic and through home visits performed by researchers and trained senior nursing students, with a validated survey, exams, staff for file information. For the purposes of the analysis, descriptive statistics was used, Chi2, Odds Ratios with CI (95%). Results: HC: decompensation (HbA1c>7%) 56.5%, derived illnesses 97.9%, complications 25%, greater frequency of diabetic retinopathy. Males with greater risk of amputation (p=0.003). Blood pressure >130/85 mm. hg. 58.2%, overweight-obesity 71.2%, self-care (older adults) 23.1%. Compliance with clinical guideline: controls/professionals/year at least fve 41.5%, CESFAM adapts this recommendation. Annual evaluation of: diabetic foot 78%, fundoscopy 41.6%. Regime indication (dietician) last control 80%. Five professional controls/year or more protect compensation for diabetes, IC (0.62-0.95), other recommendations and adaptation of recommendations are not associated with health status (p > 0.05). Conclusions: components of hC are better than expected. In none of the patients are the recommendations of the clinical guideline fulflled in a 100%. 5 or more annual outpatient visits are associated to good metabolic control. Compliance with clinical guideline recommendations is important to improve metabolic control, to lessen complications and to improve patient’s quality of life.

Objetivo: Identificar condición de salud (CS) de los pacientes diabéticos tipo 2. Medir el cumplimiento de las atenciones de salud según guía clínica. Identificar variables asociadas a CS. Material y método: estudio de pre-valencia, abril 2010. Población: 1.100 pacientes DM2 controlados en Programa Cardiovascular, considerando criterios de inclusión, exclusión, consentimiento informado. Muestra: 340 por aleatorización simple (confianza 95%, merma 10%). Recolección de datos realizada en CESFAM o visita domiciliaria por investigadoras e internas de enfermería entrenadas, con encuesta validada, exámenes, plantilla para información y ficha clínica. Para el análisis se utilizó estadística descriptiva, Chi2, Odds Ratios con IC (95%). Resultados: CS: descompensados (HbA1c>7%) 56.5%, patologías agregadas 97.9%, complicaciones 25%, mayor frecuencia retinopatía diabética. hombres mayor riesgo de amputación (p=0.003). Presión arterial >130/85 mm.hg. 58.2%, sobrepeso-obesidad 71.2%, autovalencia (adultos mayores) 23.1%. Cumplimiento recomendaciones ministeriales: controles/profesionales/año a lo menos cinco 41.5%, CESFAM adapta esta recomendación. Evaluación anual de: pie diabético 78%, fondo ojo 41,6%. Indicación régimen (nutricionista) último control 80%. Cinco controles profesionales/ año o más es protector de compensación de diabetes, IC (0.62-0.95), resto de recomendaciones y adaptación de éstas no se asocian a condición de salud (p > 0.05). Conclusiones: Los componentes de condición de salud están en general por sobre lo esperado. En ningún paciente se cumple en un 100% las recomendaciones de la guía clínica. Cinco o más controles profesionales anuales se asocian a compensación de la diabetes. Importante cumplir recomendaciones para mejorar control metabólico y disminuir/retrasar complicaciones para una mejor calidad de vida de pacientes.

We have developed an easy method for the synthesis of thirteen compounds derived from 1,2,4-triazoles through a carboxylic acid and hydrazinophthalazine reaction, with a 75-85% yield mediated by the use of agents such as 1-ethyl-3-(3'-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole. The operational simplicity of this method and the good yield of products make it valuable for the synthesis of new compounds with pharmacological activity.