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Resumen El presente estudio trata de un análisis estadístico del proceso productivo en una organización del sector alimentario, específicamente, en la rama de raíces. Además, este estudio se caracteriza por la utilización de un análisis híbrido con la fusión de aspectos cualitativos y cuantitativos con el fin de mejorar la generación de conocimiento, así como facilitar la interpretación de los resultados obtenidos. Como metodología de trabajo se desarrolló el cuadro de control por variable a partir de datos recolectados durante las visitas a la organización. El estudio también realiza una aproximación a los índices de capacidad desde la perspectiva del proceso de empaque de la yuca así como un análisis del porcentaje de partidas fuera de las especificaciones. Cabe mencionar el uso del diagrama de Ishikawa para identificar las causas raíz de la variabilidad del proceso, además de proponer medidas correctivas para dichas causas. Finalmente, de acuerdo a los análisis realizados, la organización en mención presentó un proceso de empaque de productos eficiente y de calidad, ya que todas las muestras se encontraban dentro de los límites de control establecidos estadísticamente y el porcentaje de artículos fuera de las especificaciones se mostró reducido, es decir solo un 3% aproximadamente.

Abstract The present study deals with a statistical analysis of the production process in an organization in the food sector, specifically, in the branch of roots. In addition, this study is characterized by the use of a hybrid analysis with the fusion of qualitative and quantitative aspects in order to improve the generation of knowledge as well as to facilitate the interpretation of the results obtained. As a work methodology, the control chart by variable was developed from data collected during visits to the organization. The study also carries out an approach on the capacity indexes from the perspective of the cassava packaging process as well as an analysis of the percentage of items outside the specifications. It is worth mentioning the use of the Ishikawa diagram to identify root causes of process variability, in addition to proposing corrective measures for such causes. Finally, according to the analyzes carried out, the organization in question presented an efficient and quality product packaging process, since all samples were within the control limits established statistically and the percentage of items outside the specifications was showed reduced, meaning only approximately 3%.

https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v89n224.102480

Photobiomodulation reduces inflammation but does not influence the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in pulp tissue of rats after bleaching
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Silva, Isabela Joane Prado

; Cintra, Luciano Tavares Angelo

; Ervolino, Edilson

; Chaves, Hebertt Gonzaga dos Santos

; Sivieri-AraúJo, Gustavo

; Briso, André Luiz Fraga

; Cosme-Silva, Leopoldo

; Benetti, Francine

Journal of Applied Oral Science

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2022, Volume 30 elocation e20210559

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objectives: To evaluate the influence of photobiomodulation with infrared laser (IRL) in the rat pulp tissue after bleaching, considering the immunolabeling of interleukin (IL)-23 and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α. Methodology: The right and left molars of forty rats were divided into groups: Control – with placebo gel and Bleached – with 35% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Half of the rats received one IRL application on both sides, establishing a split-mouth design, which resulted in 4 groups with 20 hemi-maxillae each: Control, Bleach, IRL, and Bleached-IRL. Rats (n=10) from each group were euthanized, at 2- and 30-days mark, and the pulp tissue was evaluated using inflammation and immunolabeling scores. Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney statistical tests were performed (p<0.05). Results: At the 2-days mark, the Bleached group had severe inflammation and necrosis in the occlusal thirds of the pulp, and moderate to severe inflammation in cervical third, whereas the Bleached-IRL had mild to moderate inflammation (p<0.05). At the 30-days mark, there was no inflammation, but tertiary dentine formation in the bleached groups. Regarding IL-23, severe immunolabeling was observed in the Bleached group (p<0.05) at the 2-days mark; at the 30-days mark, there was a reduction in immunolabeling, in which the Bleached group had moderate and the Bleached-IRL group had mild immunolabeling (p>0.05). HIF-1α was more evident at the 2-days mark in the Bleached group, without significant difference with the Bleached-IRL (p>0.05). The difference was observed between the bleached and control groups, without immunolabeling (p<0.05); at the 30-days mark, the Bleached group had reduction in HIF-1α immunolabeling, while the Bleached-IRL had an increase; the difference remained between the bleached and the controls groups (p<0.05) Conclusion: Photobiomodulation using IRL minimized the inflammation and IL-23 immunolabeling in the pulp tissue of rats after dental bleaching, but did not influence significantly the HIF-1α immunolabeling.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2021-0559

Factors associated with hospitalizations for Covid-19 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: data from the Reumacov Brazil registry
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Gomides, Ana Paula Monteiro

; Albuquerque, Cleandro Pires de

; Mota, Licia Maria Henrique da

; Devidé, Guilherme

; Dias, Laiza Hombre

; Duarte, Angela Luzia Branco Pinto

; Giovelli, Raquel Altoé

; Karnopp, Thais Evelyn

; Lima, Hugo Deleon de

; Marinho, Adriana

; Oliveira, Marianne Schrader de

; Omura, Felipe

; Ranzolin, Aline

; Resende, Gustavo

; Ribeiro, Francinne Machado

; Ribeiro, Sandra Lúcia Euzébio

; Sacilotto, Nathália de Carvalho

; Santos, Wander Gonzaga dos

; Shinjo, Samuel Katsuyuki

; Studart, Samia Araujo de Sousa

; Teixeira, Flávia Patricia Sena

; Yazbek, Michel Alexandre

; Ferreira, Gilda Aparecida

; Monticielo, Odirlei A.

; Paiva, Eduardo

; Pileggi, Gecilmara Cristina Salviato

; Reis Neto, Edgard Torres dos

; Pinheiro, Marcelo de Medeiros

; Marques, Claudia D. L.

Advances in Rheumatology

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2022, Volume 62 elocation 13

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background: Patients using immunosuppressive drugs may have unfavorable results after infections. However, there is a lack of information regarding COVID 19 in these patients, especially in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with COVID 19 hospitalizations in patients with RA. Methods: This multicenter, prospective cohort study is within the ReumaCoV Brazil registry and included 489 patients with RA. In this context, 269 patients who tested positive for COVID 19 were compared to 220 patients who tested negative for COVID 19 (control group). All patient data were collected from the Research Electronic Data Capture database. Results: The participants were predominantly female (90.6%) with a mean age of 53 ±12 years. Of the patients with COVID 19, 54 (20.1%) required hospitalization. After multiple adjustments, the final regression model showed that heart disease (OR =4.61, 95% CI 1.06–20.02. P < 0.001) and current use of glucocorticoids (OR =20.66, 95% CI 3.09–138. P < 0.002) were the risk factors associated with hospitalization. In addition, anosmia was associated with a lower chance of hospitalization (OR =0.26; 95% CI 0.10–0.67, P < 0.005). Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that heart disease and the use of glucocorticoids were associated with a higher number of hospital admissions for COVID 19 in patients with RA. Trial registration: Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials RBR 33YTQC.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-022-00244-5

Natural and anthropic inputs of nutrients in hydrographic basins of reservoirs in the Brazilian semiarid
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De-Carvalho, Herbster Ranielle Lira

; Henry-Silva, Gustavo Gonzaga

Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia

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2022, Volume 34 elocation e27

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: Objetivo Estimar o aporte de cargas de N e P emitidas por fatores naturais (deposição atmosférica e desnudação do solo) e antrópicos (agricultura, pecuária e águas servidas) para as bacias de contribuição de dois reservatórios do semiárido brasileiro (Mendubim e Umari). Métodos No presente trabalho, utilizamos dados georreferenciados disponibilizados por órgãos oficiais, dados apresentados em trabalhos acadêmicos, coletas de campo e análise laboratorial nas estimativas dos aportes de nitrogênio e fósforo para as bacias hidrográficas de dois reservatórios semiárido brasileiro. Resultados O desnudamento do solo foi identificado como a principal fonte natural de N e a deposição atmosférica como a principal fonte de P, em ambas as bacias de contribuição. Dentre as fontes antrópicas, a principal fonte de N e P, para as duas bacias, foi a pecuária. As cargas totais (naturais e antrópicas) de N (579,01 tonne.ano-1) e P (136,35 tonne.ano-1) recebidas pela bacia de contribuição de Umari foram, respectivamente, 43,9% e 22,1% superiores às recebidas por Mendubim, com predominância de fontes antropogênicas tanto na emissão de nitrogênio quanto de fósforo. Conclusões Os resultados mostraram a importância do monitoramento de atividades antrópicas que possam potencializar aportes de nutrientes, como nitrogênio e fósforo, em bacias do semiárido brasileiro. A quantificação dos fatores de emissão aqui analisados pode ser uma ferramenta no desenvolvimento de estratégias para mitigar os problemas que altas concentrações de N e P podem trazer para a qualidade e uso da água em reservatórios do semiárido.

Abstract: Aim Estimate the input of loads of N and P emitted by natural (atmospheric deposition and soil denudation) and anthropogenic (agriculture, livestock and sewage) factors for the hydrographic basins of two reservoirs in the Brazilian semiarid region (Mendubim and Umari). Methods In the present work, we use georeferenced data provided by official agencies, data presented in academic papers, field samples and laboratory analysis of emission factors in the estimates of nitrogen and phosphorus inputs in reservoir basins of Brazilian semiarid region. Results Soil denudation was identified as the main natural source of N and atmospheric deposition as the main source of P in both basins. Among the anthropogenic sources, the main source of N and P, for the two basins, was livestock. The total loads (natural and anthropogenic) of N (579.01 tonne. year-1) and P (136.35 tonne. year-1) received by the Umari basin was, respectively, 43.90% and 22.10% higher than those received by Mendubim, with a predominance of anthropogenic sources in both nitrogen and phosphorus emission. Conclusions The results showed the importance of monitoring human activities that can enhance nutrient inputs, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, in basins of the Brazilian semiarid region. The quantification of the emission factors analyzed here can be a tool in the development of strategies to mitigate the problems that high concentrations of N and P can bring to the quality and use of water in semiarid reservoirs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2179-975x5121

Síndrome Inflamatória Multissistêmica e Covid-19 em crianças e adolescentes: aspectos epidemiológicos, Brasil, 2020-2021
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Moura, Erly Catarina de

; Cavalcante, Fabrício Vieira

; Oliveira, Luciana Gonzaga de

; Barreto, Ivana Cristina de Holanda Cunha

; Fernandes, Geraldo Magela

; Frio, Gustavo Saraiva

; Santos, Leonor Maria Pacheco

Saúde em Debate

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2022, Volume 46 N. 134 Pages 682 - 692

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Este estudo descreve aspectos epidemiológicos da Síndrome Inflamatória Multissistêmica Pediátrica (SIM-P) associada à Covid-19 e óbitos por Covid-19 em crianças (0-9 anos de idade) e adolescentes (10-19 anos de idade). As fontes de dados, de 2020-2021, foram os Sistemas de Vigilância Epidemiológica para SIM-P e de Informação sobre Mortalidade para Covid-19, gerenciados pelo Ministério da Saúde. Foram notificados 1.503 casos, mais frequentes em crianças (77%) do que em adolescentes (23%); e 93 óbitos por SIM-P em 26 das 27 Unidades da Federação. O maior número de casos em crianças foi notificado em São Paulo (268), contudo, a maior incidência ocorreu no Distrito Federal (7,8/100 mil habitantes). A proporção de óbitos por SIM-P foi 5,4% em crianças e 8,7% em adolescentes. No período avaliado, houve 2.329 óbitos por Covid-19 em menores de 20 anos de idade, com maior taxa em adolescentes (4,4/100 mil habitantes) do que em crianças (2,7/100 mil habitantes), com maiores taxas em Roraima. Recomenda-se intensificação da imunização contra Covid-19 nessa população, aumentando a proteção contra os efeitos negativos dessa doença e da SIM-P, que podem apresentar consequências em curto, médio e/ou longo prazo, de modo a não comprometer a inserção plena destes cidadãos na sociedade.

ABSTRACT This study describes epidemiological aspects of the Multisystemic Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19 and mortality by COVID-19 in children (0-9 years old) and adolescents (10-19 years old). The data sources, for 2020-2021, were the Epidemiological Surveillance System for MIS-C and Mortality Information System for COVID-19, both managed by the Ministry of Health. There were 1,503 cases, more frequent in children (77%) than in adolescents (23%), and 93 reported deaths due to MIS-C in 26 of the 27 States of the Country. The highest number of cases in children was reported in São Paulo (268), but the highest incidence took place in the Federal District (7.8 per 100,000 inhabitants). The rate of deaths due to MIS-C was 5.4% in children and 8.7% in adolescents. There were 2,329 deaths due to COVID-19 in the population under 20 years old, with a higher rate in adolescents (4.4 per 100,000 inhabitants) than in children (2.7); the highest rate occurred in Roraima. We recommend intensifying immunization against COVID-19 in such population, increasing protection against the negative effects of COVID-19 and MIS-C, which may have short, medium and/or long-term consequences, so as not to compromise the full integration of these citizens into society.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-1104202213406

Síndrome Inflamatória Multissistêmica e Covid-19 em crianças e adolescentes: aspectos epidemiológicos, Brasil, 2020-2021
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Moura, Erly Catarina de

; Cavalcante, Fabrício Vieira

; Oliveira, Luciana Gonzaga de

; Barreto, Ivana Cristina de Holanda Cunha

; Fernandes, Geraldo Magela

; Frio, Gustavo Saraiva

; Santos, Leonor Maria Pacheco

Saúde em Debate

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2022, Volume 46 N. 134 Pages 682 - 692

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-1104202213406

PREVALENCE OF SELF-MEDICATION FOR DYSPEPTIC SYMPTOMS IN PRIMARY CARE: A BRAZILIAN SURVEY
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GONZAGA, Caroline Ehlke

; KOTZE, Paulo Gustavo

; OLANDOSKI, Marcia

Arquivos de Gastroenterologia

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sep 2021, Volume 58 N. 3 Pages 364 - 369

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO CONTEXTO: Os sintomas dispépticos estão entre os oito sintomas que mais levam uso de automedicação. OBJETIVO: O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a prevalência e o perfil da população que utiliza automedicação para controle dos sintomas dispépticos em uma capital do Sul do Brasil. MÉTODOS: Aplicação de inquérito composto por tópicos relativos aos dados socioculturais do indivíduo, comorbidades autorreferidas, uso de automedicação nos 15 dias anteriores à entrevista e informações sobre o uso deste medicamento. Foi realizada a análise estatística dos dados coletados para determinar a prevalência de automedicação para controle dos sintomas dispépticos e estabelecer correlações com fatores independentes, como sexo, idade, índice de massa corporal (IMC), escolaridade, renda familiar e comorbidades autorrelatadas. RESULTADOS: Foram entrevistados 719 indivíduos atendidos pela atenção primária. Destes, 67,7% de indivíduos do sexo feminino, 65,3% apresentavam IMC maior que 25 kg/m², 28,4% autorrelataram apresentar hipertensão arterial sistêmica, 21,4% depressão e 13,8% diabetes. A prevalência de uso de automedicação para controle de sintomas digestivos nesta população foi de 28,7% (n=206, IC95% 25,3-32), 91,8% (n=189) por queixas de origem dispéptica. A classe de medicação mais utilizada foi a dos inibidores de bomba de prótons (67%), seguidos dos antiácidos (15%). Houve relação entre o uso deste tipo de automedicação e idade maior de 38 anos (OR=1,734, IC95% 1,177-2,580, P=0,001), IMC acima de 26 kg/m² (OR=1,660, IC95% 1,166-2,362, P<0,001) e presença de autorrelato de depressão (OR= 1,471, IC95% 0,983-2,201, P=0,04). CONCLUSÃO: O presente estudo revelou uma alta prevalência do uso de automedicação para controle dos sintomas dispépticos em comparação com dados da literatura, sendo os inibidores de bomba de prótons a classe de droga mais utilizada. Idade maior que 38 anos, índice de massa corporal maior 26 kg/m² e autorrelato de depressão foram associados ao uso de automedicação para sintomas dispépticos.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Dyspeptic symptoms are among the eight symptoms that most lead to the use of self-medication globally. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the frequency of use and profile of the population doing self-medication to control dyspeptic symptoms in a capital from South Brazil. METHODS: Application of a survey consisting of topics regarding individual’s socio-cultural data, self-reported comorbidities, use of self-medication in the 15 days prior to the interview and information on the use of this medication. Statistical analysis was performed on the data collected to determine the prevalence of self-medication for dyspeptic symptoms (SMDS) and to establish correlations with independent factors, such as gender, age, body mass index (BMI), education, family income and self-reported comorbidities. RESULTS: A total of 719 individuals from the public health system were interviewed. Overall, 67.7% were female, 65.3% had a BMI greater than 25; 28.4% presented with self-reported hypertension, 21.4% with depression and 13.8% with diabetes. The prevalence of self-medication to control digestive symptoms in this population was 28.7% (95%CI: 25.3-32), 91.8% (n=189) due to complaints of dyspeptic origin. Proton pump inhibitors were the most used class of medication (67%), followed by antacids (15%). There was a relationship between SMDS and age >38 years (OR=1.734, 95%CI: 1.177-2.580, P=0.001), BMI >26 (OR=1.660, 95%CI: 1.166-2.362, P<0.001) and self-reported depression (OR=1.471, 95%CI: 0.983-2.201, P=0.04). CONCLUSION: There was a higher prevalence of the use of self-medication to control dyspeptic symptoms in relation to previous data from the literature. Age >38 years, BMI >26 and self-reported depression were associated with SMDS.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0004-2803.202100000-61 96 downloads

[SciELO Preprints] - Timely availability of public data for health management: COVID-19 wave´s analysis
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Moura, Erly Catarina Silva, Everton Nunes da Sanchez, Mauro Niskier Cavalcante, Fabrício Vieira Oliveira, Luciana Gonzaga de Oliveira, Aimê Frio, Gustavo Saraiva Santos, Leonor Maria Pacheco

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Publication date: 2021-05-14

Abstract: En Pt

The aim of this study is to support health management, with recent and reliable information, during the COVID-19 pandemic.  Notified and confirmed cases and deaths by COVID-19 were evaluated from three public databases. 1)  Data from the Coronavirus Panel of the Ministry of Health, updated daily, show the existence of two epidemic waves. 2)  The Civil Registry Transparency Portal, also with recent data, points to high mortality rates of COVID-19, especially in older age groups. 3)  The cases, reported by the Information System of the Epidemiological Surveillance of Influenza (Sivep-gripe), confirmed mainly by laboratory test, show predominance of men, high age groups, white race/color, residence in urban areas, presence of comorbidities, higher occurrence of hospitalization and lower use of intensive care unit. This last database, in addition to the first wave, records only the first eight epidemiological weeks of the second wave.  The vertiginous rate of increase in cases and deaths in the second wave points to the need for more drastic measures of social distancing, in addition to the expansion of vaccination against COVID-19. The combination of the three banks expands information that can support timely decision-making.

O objetivo deste estudo é apoiar a gestão em saúde, com informações recentes e confiáveis, durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Casos notificados e confirmados e óbitos por COVID-19 foram avaliados a partir de três bancos de dados públicos.1) Dados do Painel Coronavírus do Ministério da Saúde, atualizados diariamente, mostram a existência de duas ondas epidêmicas. 2) O Portal da Transparência do Registro Civil, também com dados recentes, aponta altas taxas de mortalidade do COVID-19, especialmente nas faixas etárias mais velhas. 3) Os casos notificados pelo Sistema de Informação da Vigilância Epidemiológica da Influenza (Sivep-gripe), confirmados principalmente por exame laboratorial, mostram predominância de homens, faixas etárias elevadas, raça/cor branca, residência em áreas urbanas, presença de comorbidades, maior ocorrência de internação e menor uso de unidade de terapia intensiva. Esta última base de dados, além da primeira onda, registra apenas as primeiras oito semanas epidemiológicas da segunda onda. A vertiginosa taxa de aumento de casos e óbitos na segunda onda aponta para a necessidade de medidas mais drásticas de distanciamento social, além da expansão da vacinação contra o COVID-19. A combinação dos três bancos expande as informações, que podem apoiar a tomada de decisões em tempo oportuno.

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.2316

Cellulose nanostructured films from pretreated açaí mesocarp fibers: physical, barrier, and tensile performance
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Braga, Dayse Gonzaga

; Abreu, Juliana Livian Lima de

; Silva, Marcela Gomes da

; Souza, Tiago Marcolino de

; Dias, Matheus Cordazzo

; Tonoli, Gustavo Henrique Denzin

; Oliveira Neto, Cândido Ferreira de

; Claro, Pedro Ivo Cunha

; Gomes, Laércio Gouvêa

; Bufalino, Lina

CERNE

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2021, Volume 27 elocation e-102783

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: During de-pulping of açai (Euterpe oleracea) for juice production in the Amazonia, large amounts of fibrous waste are daily discarded, a promising substrate for production of high-value cellulose nanofibrils. Therefore, this study sought to evaluate the modifications of açai surface fibers submitted to chemical pretreatment steps and compare the quality of nanostructured films produced with different cycles of mechanical nanofibrillation. Results: A 2-hour pretreatment (at 5% of NaOH) followed by two NaOH/H2O2 bleaching steps resulted in fibers with increased length and reduced diameter compared to raw fibers while preserving fiber integrity and cellulose I structure. The increase of fibers’ grinding cycles from 3 (minimum to gel point) to 21 (maximum suspension thickness) resulted in nanofibril films with higher crystallinity properties, uniform thickness, compacted morphology, and smoother surface. Nanofibril films formed after different numbers of passages exhibited similar mechanical strength, but distinct barrier properties. Conclusion: Açaí waste films produced with fibers submitted to 3 grinding cycles can be recommended for packaging applications that demand easily dissolving, such as instantaneous food. Oppositely, açaí fibers subjected to 21 cycles in grinder provide films suitable for water-resistant packaging, ideal for secondary coatings of papers and paperboards.

https://doi.org/10.1590/01047760202127012783 34 downloads

10.

Salinity tolerance of macroalgae Gracilaria birdiae
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Alves, Joseanna de Paiva

; Bessa Junior, Ambrosio Paula

; Henry-Silva, Gustavo Gonzaga

Ciência Rural

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2021, Volume 51 N. 1 elocation e20190958

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Objetivamos com o presente trabalho avaliar os efeitos da salinidade sobre o crescimento da macroalga Gracilaria birdiae, visando identificar os seus limites de tolerância a esta variável abiótica. Os exemplares foram submetidos a água com salinidades 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 e 60 ppt enriquecida com nutrientes por um período de 30 dias. Inicialmente a G. birdiae foi negativamente afetada em condições de salinidades extremas (0 e 60 ppt). A biomassa das macroalgas expostas a salinidade 0 e 10 ppt declinou a partir do 6º dia até o final do experimento. Houve aumento na biomassa das macroalgas expostas as salinidades 20, 30, 40 e 50 ppt, não apresentando diferenças significativas entre estes quatro tratamentos, sugerindo este intervalo de salinidade como sendo ótimo para o desenvolvimento desta espécie. Concluímos que a salinidade é um parâmetro importante para controlar o crescimento da G. birdiae, sendo afetada negativamente quando exposta a valores igual ou menor que 10 ppt e igual a 60 ppt, possuindo tolerância às salinidades de 20, 30, 40 e 50 ppt.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to determining the manner in which salinity influenced the growth of the macroalgae Gracilaria birdiae, with the objective of identifying its tolerance limits to this abiotic variable. The specimens were submitted to nutrient-enriched water of varying salinities (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 ppt) for a 30-day period. Initially, under extreme salinity conditions (0 and 60 ppt) the growth of the G. birdiae suffered a negative impact. The macroalgae biomass exposed to 0 and 10 ppt salinities showed a reduction from day six until the experiment was completed. The macroalgae biomass exposed to salinities 20, 30, 40, and 50 ppt showed an increase, with no significant differences between the four treatments. This suggested that this salinity range was comfortable for this species to develop. We concluded that salinity is a crucial parameter which controls the growth of the G. birdiae. This seaweed was negatively influenced when exposed to values equal to or below 10 ppt and equal to 60 ppt, demonstrating good tolerance to salinities of 20, 30, 40 and 50 ppt.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20190958 852 downloads

11.

CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF ANTI-TNF USE IN THE ERA OF NEW BIOLOGICAL AGENTS IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE
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LIMA, Camila Cunha Gonzaga

; QUEIROZ, Natália Sousa Freitas

; SOBRADO, Carlos Walter

; SILVA, Gustavo Luís Rodela

; NAHAS, Sérgio Carlos

Arquivos de Gastroenterologia

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sep 2020, Volume 57 N. 3 Pages 323 - 332

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO CONTEXTO: As doenças inflamatórias intestinais (DII), tanto a doença de Crohn (DC) como a retocolite ulcerativa (RCU), são doenças crônicas imunomediadas que se apresentam com períodos de surto e remissão e requerem terapia a longo prazo. A terapia com anti-fator de necrose tumoral (anti-TNF) tem mudado o manejo da doença reduzindo a necessidade de hospitalizações, cirurgias e melhorando a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. OBJETIVO: O objetivo do presente trabalho é apresentar uma revisão sobre a importância dos agentes anti-TNF no contexto da DII, levando em consideração situações em que essas drogas são usadas como terapia de primeira linha. MÉTODOS: Revisão narrativa baseada nas melhores evidências disponíveis na literatura através de buscas feitas nas bases de dados MedLine e PubMed até abril de 2020, utilizando as seguintes palavras chaves: “doença inflamatória intestinal’’, “agentes anti-TNF” e “terapia biológica”. CONCLUSÃO: A terapia biológica permanece sendo fundamental no tratamento da DII. Na ausência de estudos “head-to-head’’ comparando os biológicos entre si, a escolha do agente biológico pode ser um desafio na prática clínica e múltiplas variáveis devem ser levadas em consideração. Os agentes anti-TNF devem ser considerados terapia de primeira linha em situações específicas como na colite ulcerativa aguda grave, na doença de Crohn fistulizante e nas manifestações extra-intestinais da doença inflamatória intestinal, uma vez que há evidências científicas robustas que sustentam a sua eficácia e segurança nessas situações.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), both Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, are chronic immune-mediated diseases that present a relapsing and remitting course and requires long-term treatment. Anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy has changed the management of the disease by reducing the need for hospitalizations, surgeries and improving patient´s quality of life. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this review is to discuss the role of anti-TNF agents in IBD, highlighting the situations where its use as first-line therapy would be appropriate. METHODS: Narrative review summarizing the best available evidence on the topic based on searches in databases such as MedLine and PubMed up to April 2020 using the following keywords: “inflammatory bowel disease’’, “anti-TNF agents” and ‘’biologic therapy’’. CONCLUSION: Biological therapy remains the cornerstone in the treatment of IBD. In the absence of head-to-head comparisons, the choice of the biological agent may be challenging and should take into account several variables. Anti-TNF agents should be considered as first line therapy in specific scenarios such as acute severe ulcerative colitis, fistulizing Crohn’s disease and extra-intestinal manifestations of IBD, given the strong body of evidence supporting its efficacy and safety in these situations.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0004-2803.202000000-59 619 downloads

12.

Radiographic Evaluation of the Prevalence of Stafne Bone Defect
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Cavalcante, Israel Leal

; Bezerra, Hanna Isa de Oliveira

; Gonzaga, Amanda Katarinny Goes

; Moreira-Souza, Larissa

; Cral, Wilson Gustavo

; de-Oliveira, Patrícia Teixeira

; Medeiros, Renata Cordeiro Teixeira

; Freitas, Deborah Queiroz

; de-Medeiros, Ana Miryam Costa

International journal of odontostomatology

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sep 2020, Volume 14 N. 3 Pages 348 - 353

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT: Stafne bone defect (SBD) is a bone cavity in the lingual surface of the mandible normally filled by salivary gland tissue. In conventional radiographs, SBD typically resembles a radiolucent unilocular lesion with welldefined margins, localized under the inferior alveolar canal. The diagnosis of SBD is often incidental due to the asymptomatic nature. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of SBDs in a Brazilian population and to describe the radiographic features of the cases reported. This retrospective study evaluated 17,180 digital panoramic radiographs of patients with an indication of radiography for dental treatment seen at three centers located in the three Brazilian states. In each center, two researchers evaluated the images for establishment of the consensual diagnosis of SBD. In the case of disagreement, a third researcher was consulted to reach a final consensus. To assess the prevalence of SBDs, sex and age of patients were considered, and SBDs were classified according to their form and location. Data were submitted to descriptive analysis. Among the 17.180 patients, only 15 (0.08 %) had SDB, including 3 women and 12 men. The age range of the patients with SDB was 30-69 years (mean: 49.2). Fourteen cases were located in the posterior region of the mandibular body and one case in the ascending ramus. Stafne bone defect is a rare developmental anomaly that more commonly affects middle-aged men. The condition has a typical radiographic appearance and panoramic radiography is a valuable tool for its diagnosis.

RESUMEN: El defecto óseo de Stafne (DOS) es una cavidad ósea en la superficie lingual de la mandíbula, normalmente llena de tejido glandular salival. En las radiografías convencionales, el DOS generalmente se asemeja a una lesión unilocular radiotransparente con bordes bien definidos, ubicada debajo del canal alveolar inferior. El diagnóstico de DOS a menudo es accidental debido a su naturaleza asintomática. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la prevalencia de DOS en una población brasileña y describir las características radiográficas de los casos reportados. Este estudio retrospectivo evaluó 17.180 radiografías panorámicas digitales de pacientes con indicación radiográfica para tratamiento dental atendidos en tres centros ubicados en tres estados brasileños. En cada centro, dos investigadores evaluaron las imágenes para establecer un diagnóstico consensuado de DOS. En caso de desacuerdo, se consultó a un tercer investigador para llegar a un consenso final. Para evaluar la prevalencia de DOS, se consideraron el sexo y la edad de los pacientes, y se clasificaron según su forma y ubicación. Los datos fueron sometidos a análisis descriptivo. Entre los 17.180 pacientes, solo 15 (0,08 %) tenían DOS, incluidos 3 mujeres y 12 hombres. El rango de edad de los pacientes con DOS fue de 30 a 69 años (media: 49,2). Catorce casos se ubicaron en la región posterior del cuerpo mandibular y un caso en la rama ascendente. Los defectos óseos de Stafne son una anomalía rara del desarrollo que afecta más comúnmente a los hombres de mediana edad. La condición tiene una apariencia radiográfica típica y la radiografía panorámica es una herramienta valiosa para su diagnóstico.

906 downloads

13.

Extreme drought events and the sustainability of fish farming in net cages in reservoirs of the semi-arid northeastern region in Brazil
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Henry-Silva, Gustavo Gonzaga

; Melo-Junior, Hênio do Nascimento

; Attayde, José Luiz

Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia

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2019, Volume 31 elocation e112

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Os reservatórios desempenham funções importantes no desenvolvimento socioeconômico local, sendo particularmente relevantes em países em desenvolvimento. Entre seus diversos usos a criação de tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) em tanques-rede é um dos que mais cresce, principalmente para sustentar a demanda crescente por pescado. No semiárido brasileiro, onde a maioria dos reservatórios está em condições eutróficas ou hipereutróficas, a aquicultura é mais uma pressão de eutrofização, colocando em risco suas funções ecológicas. Por outro lado, as atividades de aquicultura auxiliam no desenvolvimento econômico através da geração de empregos e renda para a população, sendo uma importante alternativa produtiva para as populações ribeirinhas. Neste contexto, apresentamos neste artigo uma avaliação sobre a sustentabilidade das atividades de piscicultura em tanques-rede desenvolvidas em reservatórios do semiárido brasileiro, principalmente quando submetidos a eventos extremos de seca.

Abstract Reservoirs play important roles in local socioeconomic development and are particularly relevant in developing countries. The rearing of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in cages is one of the fastest growing activities carried out in reservoirs since it is a strategy to sustain the growing demand for food fish. Most reservoirs are in eutrophic or hypereutrophic conditions in the semi-arid northeast region of Brazil and thus, the expansion of aquaculture endangers the ecological functions of the reservoirs by increasing the eutrophication potential. On the other hand, aquaculture contributes to economic development by generating jobs and income for the population and being an important alternative in the production sector for riverine populations. In this context, we present in this article our opinion about the sustainability of fish farming activities in net cages in reservoirs of the Brazilian semiarid, especially when subjected to extreme drought events.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2179-975x7519 1038 downloads

14.

Immunohistochemical evaluation of HLA-G and FoxP3+ T regulatory cells in oral cavity and lower lip squamous cell carcinomas
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Gonzaga, Amanda Katarinny Goes

; Santos, Hellen Bandeira de Pontes

; Crispim, Janaina Cristiana Oliveira

; Souza, Lélia Batista de

; Palomino, Gustavo Martelli

Brazilian Oral Research

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2019, Volume 33 elocation e020

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract: Human Leukocyte Antigen G (HLA-G) is a molecule involved in the tumor immunosuppression and also in the generation of regulatory T (Treg) cells, thus leading to evasion to the immune system host, and consequently, contributing to tumor progression in several cancers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunoexpression of HLA-G by tumor cells and FoxP3+ Treg cells in 25 oral tongue squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and 25 lower lip SCCs and analyze their relationship with clinical parameters. HLA-G expression was higher in oral tongue SCCs than in lower lip SCCs. In oral tongue SCCs and lower lip SCCs, no association between HLA-G expression and clinical parameters (tumor size, lymph node status, distant metastasis, and clinical stage) was verified (P>0.05). FoxP3+ Treg cells were detected along the tumor invasive front in all cases of oral tongue and lower lip SCCs. In oral tongue SCC cases, the number of Treg cells tended to be higher in smaller tumors, tumors without regional lymph node metastasis, and tumors in early clinical stages, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). A significant positive correlation was found between the expression of HLA-G by neoplastic cells and Treg cells in lower lip SCCs (p = 0.008). Our findings suggest the involvement of HLA-G and Treg cells in the modulation of immune responses in oral tongue and lower lip SCCs. This interaction between HLA-G and Treg cells may represent an evasion mechanism in these malignancies.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2019.vol33.0020 1350 downloads

15.

Food web and ecological models used to assess aquatic ecosystems submitted to aquaculture activities
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Moura, Rodrigo Sávio Teixeira de

; Henry-Silva, Gustavo Gonzaga

Ciência Rural

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2019, Volume 49 N. 2 elocation e20180050

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Ecossistemas aquáticos continentais desempenham papel fundamental no desenvolvimento econômico e social, entretanto, são vulneráveis à degradação ambiental devido às diversas pressões a que estão submetidos. Entre as principais atividades antrópicas a interferir nestes ambientes, podemos destacar a aquicultura. A modelagem matemática de ecossistemas aquáticos permite a representação simplificada do ambiente, em seus componentes bióticos e abióticos, através de um conjunto de ferramentas computacionais. Neste contexto, entre as técnicas mais utilizadas estão a modelagem hidrodinâmica, com foco na dispersão de nutrientes; a modelagem do balanço de massa de nutrientes, em especial o fósforo; a modelagem bioenergética em sistemas de produção animal, com estimativa da geração de resíduos pelos animais de cultivo para o ambiente; e a modelagem trófica e ecológica, com foco nas comunidades aquáticas e suas interações. Estas técnicas auxiliam no entendimento das alterações provocadas por sistemas de aquicultura em ambientes aquáticos. Deste modo, é possível estimar a magnitude e extensão dos impactos destas atividades, simulando as possíveis alterações ambientais ao longo do tempo. Pode-se concluir que as técnicas envolvendo modelagem matemática podem produzir informações relevantes para a predição de impactos futuros sobre ambientes aquáticos, dando subsídios para a gestão de recursos hídricos e seus múltiplos usos.

ABSTRACT: Continental aquatic ecosystems play a fundamental role in economic and social development; however, they are vulnerable to environmental degradation due to the various stresses to which they are submitted. Aquaculture is among the main anthropic activities that influence these environments. Mathematical modelling of aquatic ecosystems performed using a set of computational tools allows simplified representation of environment regarding its biotic and abiotic components. Some of the most used techniques are: hydrodynamic modelling, focusing on the dispersion of nutrients; nutrient-mass balance modelling, especially phosphorus; bioenergetic modelling in animal production systems, with an estimate of the generation of residues in the environment by farmed animals; and trophic and ecological modelling, focusing on aquatic communities and their interactions. These techniques help understand changes caused by aquaculture systems in aquatic environments. In this way, it is possible to estimate the magnitude and extent of the impacts of these activities by simulating the possible environmental changes over time. It can be concluded that techniques involving mathematical modelling can provide relevant information for future impacts prediction on aquatic environments, promoting the management of water resources and their multiple uses.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20180050 1456 downloads

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