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ABSTRACT Objective: To update the recommendations to support decisions regarding the pharmacological treatment of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Brazil. Methods: Experts, including representatives of the Ministry of Health and methodologists, created this guideline. The method used for the rapid development of guidelines was based on the adoption and/or adaptation of existing international guidelines (GRADE ADOLOPMENT) and supported by the e-COVID-19 RecMap platform. The quality of the evidence and the preparation of the recommendations followed the GRADE method. Results: Twenty-one recommendations were generated, including strong recommendations for the use of corticosteroids in patients using supplemental oxygen and conditional recommendations for the use of tocilizumab and baricitinib for patients on supplemental oxygen or on noninvasive ventilation and anticoagulants to prevent thromboembolism. Due to suspension of use authorization, it was not possible to make recommendations regarding the use of casirivimab + imdevimab. Strong recommendations against the use of azithromycin in patients without suspected bacterial infection, hydroxychloroquine, convalescent plasma, colchicine, and lopinavir + ritonavir and conditional recommendations against the use of ivermectin and remdesivir were made. Conclusion: New recommendations for the treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were generated, such as those for tocilizumab and baricitinib. Corticosteroids and prophylaxis for thromboembolism are still recommended, the latter with conditional recommendation. Several drugs were considered ineffective and should not be used to provide the best treatment according to the principles of evidence-based medicine and to promote resource economy.

RESUMO Objetivo: Atualizar as recomendações para embasar as decisões para o tratamento farmacológico de pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19 no Brasil. Métodos: A elaboração desta diretriz foi feita por especialistas, incluindo representantes do Ministério da Saúde e metodologistas. O método utilizado para o desenvolvimento rápido de diretrizes baseou-se na adoção e/ou adaptação de diretrizes internacionais existentes (GRADE ADOLOPMENT) e contou com o apoio da plataforma e-COVID-19 RecMap. A qualidade das evidências e a elaboração das recomendações seguiram o método GRADE. Resultados: Chegaram-se a 21 recomendações, incluindo recomendações fortes quanto ao uso de corticosteroides em pacientes em uso de oxigênio suplementar e recomendações condicionais para o uso de tocilizumabe e baricitinibe, em pacientes com oxigênio suplementar ou ventilação não invasiva, e de anticoagulantes, para prevenção de tromboembolismo. Devido à suspensão da autorização de uso, não foi possível fazer recomendações para o tratamento com casirivimabe + imdevimabe. Foram feitas recomendações fortes contra o uso de azitromicina em pacientes sem suspeita de infecção bacteriana, hidroxicloroquina, plasma convalescente, colchicina e lopinavir + ritonavir, além de recomendações condicionais contra o uso de ivermectina e rendesivir. Conclusão: Foram criadas novas recomendações para o tratamento de pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19, como as recomendações de tocilizumabe e baricitinibe. Ainda são recomendados corticosteroides e profilaxia contra tromboembolismo, esta em caráter condicional. Vários medicamentos foram considerados ineficazes e não devem ser usados, no intuito de proporcionar o melhor tratamento segundo os princípios da medicina baseada em evidências e promover a economia de recursos.

https://doi.org/10.5935/2965-2774.20230136-en

Characterization of PHB/Clay Biocomposites Exposed to Degradation in an Aquatic Environment
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Mesquita, Avilnete Belém de Souza

; Silva, Israel Viana da

; Braz, Cristiano José de Farias

; Carvalho, Laura Hecker de

; Barbosa, Renata

; Paranagua, Josie Haydee Lima Ferreira

; Alves, Tatianny Soares

Materials Research

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2023, Volume 26 elocation e20230158

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The present work investigates the aquatic biodegradation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB)/nanoclay bionanocomposites containing PP-g-MA as compatibilizing agent. Both pristine and organically modified (Cloisite20A®) montmorillonite clay were used as fillers in different content (1 and 3 wt%). The bionanocomposites were prepared by melt intercalation in a single screw extruder. There after films (50x50x0.5mm) were prepared by compression and assessed by X-ray diffraction. Aquatic biodegradation of the films was appraised by visual inspection, optical microscopy, counting and identification of bacteria. Results proposed that the water of the Parnaíba River in the city of Teresina (Piauí, Brazil) has microorganisms (Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) capable of degrading these bionanocomposite films, particularly the films with 3 wt% organoclay. Our data indicated the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa degraded dexterously all the films. This work collaborates with the preservation of the environment and expands the use of bionanocomposites in expendable items with the development of films with properties favorable to biodegradation in aquatic environments. It is believed that PHB/clay/PP-g-MA films emerge as a promising alternative for the packaging industry.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2023-0158

Reading fluency during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal and cross-sectional analysis
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Alves, Luciana Mendonça

; Carvalho, Isa Mourão

; Santos, Luiz Felipe dos

; Ribeiro, Gabriela de Lima

; Freire, Laura de Souza Cardoso

; Martins-Reis, Vanessa de Oliveira

; Labanca, Ludimila

; Celeste, Letícia Correa

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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oct 2022, Volume 80 N. 10 Pages 994 - 1003

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Background International studies performed during the periods of social isolation highlighted the potential loss of student's learning skills. The present study fills a gap in Brazilian research on this topic and focuses on the development of reading fluency. Objective To investigate the development of the reading fluency of students in the early years of elementary school during e-learning as a result of the social distancing measures put into effect due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods Students from grades 2 to 5 were recorded. The number of words read per minute and of those read correctly per minute were analyzed. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed, using analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures with Bonferroni correction in the longitudinal study, and the t-test in the cross-sectional study. Results In the cross-sectional study, 162 students participated. Only the comparison between the 2nd grade classes of 2020 and 2021 showed a statistically significant difference. In the prepandemic classes, the students had better results in reading accuracy than the students assessed during the pandemic. The longitudinal study included 75 students, who improved in fluency rate and accuracy as expected between March and December 2020. In March 2021, the results showed a drop, which may be related to school closures during the Brazilian summer vacation. Conclusions The present research demonstrates the results of Brazilian students in terms of the development of reading fluency during the pandemic. There was an expressive development in grades 2 and 3, with stability in the following grades. The 2nd grade class of 2021 suffered a major impact due to the pandemic.

Resumo Antecedentes Estudos internacionais realizados durante os períodos de isolamento social destacaram a potencial perda das habilidades de aprendizagem dos alunos. O presente estudo preenche uma lacuna nas pesquisas brasileiras sobre este tema, e se centra no desenvolvimento da fluência de leitura. Objetivo Investigar o desenvolvimento da fluência de leitura de alunos nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental durante as aulas remotas ministradas em decorrência das medidas de distanciamento social postas em prática por conta da pandemia de doença do coronavírus 2019 (coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19, em inglês). Métodos Estudantes do 2o ao 5o anos foram gravados. Foram analisadoso número de palavras lidas por minuto e o de palavras lidas corretamente por minuto. Realizou-se análise estatística descritiva por meio de análise de variância (analysis of variance, ANOVA, em inglês) para medidas repetidas com correção de Bonferroni no estudo longitudinal, e teste T no estudo transversal. Resultados Ao todo, 162 estudantes participaram do estudo transversal. Apenas a comparação entre as turmas de 2o ano de 2020 e 2021 apresentou diferença estatisticamente significativa. Nas aulas pré-pandemia, as turmas apresentaram resultados melhores em termos de precisão de leitura do que as turmas avaliadas durante a pandemia. O estudo longitudinal incluiu 75 alunos; entre março e dezembro de 2020, eles melhoraram sua taxa de fluência e acurácia, conforme esperado. Em março de 2021, os resultados mostraram uma queda, o que pode estar relacionado ao fechamento das escolas durante as férias. Conclusões Esta pesquisa demonstra os resultados do desenvolvimento da leitura de uma amostra de estudantes brasileiros durante a pandemia. Houve uma evolução expressiva no 2° e 3° anos, com estabilidade nos anos seguintes. A turma de 2° ano de 2021 sofreu um grande impacto devido à pandemia.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1758446

Brazilians’ level of knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19: a cross-sectional study
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Gardona, Rodrigo Galvão Bueno

; da Silva, José Vitor

; Arruda, Gisele

; Damin, Silvana

; Abdala, Edson

; Lima, Christiana Almeida Salvador

; Vasconcellos, Leonardo de Souza

; Queiroz, Wladimir

; Zandonái, Alini Cristini

; Danielsk, Ailla Mazon

; Villar de Sena, Ana Carolina

; Cattani, Álvaro Cesar

; Bringhentti, Amanda

; Denardi, Angélica

; Alérico, Ana Lígia Scotti

; Fergutz, Gabriella

; Ribas, Izabela de Oliveira

; Spricigo, Laura Maria Voss

; Gandolfo, Lara

; Correa, Liamara

; Bordignon, Jardel Cristiano

; de Oliveira, Juliana Girotto

; Stefanel, Michel Pandolfo

; Reis, Beatriz Castro

; de Campos, Vilson Geraldo

; Ortigoso, Danilo

; Figueiredo, Gerusa Maria

Sao Paulo Medical Journal

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jun 2022, Volume 140 N. 3 Pages 331 - 340

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Brazil is facing increasing cycles of numbers of infected people and deaths resulting from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This situation involves a series of factors, including the behavior of the population, that can be decisive for controlling the disease. OBJECTIVE: To determine the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the Brazilian population regarding COVID-19. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional survey-type study, conducted using a population sample from different Brazilian states. METHODS: A quantitative, descriptive and analytical approach was used. Sampling was done according to convenience and via snowballing. The data collection instrument was a knowledge, attitudes and practices system. RESULTS: 1,655 people from all over Brazil participated in the survey; 80% were living in the southern region and 70.15% were female. More than 90% had knowledge and good attitudes relating to the means of transmission, preventive care and symptoms associated with COVID-19, although their knowledge and attitudes were not fully reflected in daily practices, for which there was lower adherence (80%). Greater knowledge was correlated with older participants, larger number of children, female sex and marital status; better attitude, with female sex and complete higher education; and better practices, with greater age, larger number of children and female sex. CONCLUSION: A large part of the population has general knowledge about COVID-19, but not all knowledge was applied in practice. Older people, females and university graduates stood out as the best informed and most committed to controlling the disease.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2021.0541.23072021

Physical, Morphological, Structural, Thermal and Antimicrobial Characterization of Films based on Poly(Lactic Acid), Organophilic Montmorillonite and Oregano Essential Oil
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Silva, Lucas Rafael Carneiro da

; Silva, Lucas Oliveira da

; Carvalho, Laura Hecker de

; Oliveira, Amanda Dantas de

; Bardi, Marcelo Augusto Gonçalves

; Mesquita, Avilnete Belém de Souza

; Ferreira, Josie Haydée Lima

; Alves, Tatianny Soares

; Barbosa, Renata

Materials Research

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2022, Volume 25 elocation e20220043

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

This work developed ternary films based on Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA), Cloisite 30B (C30B) and Oregano Essential Oil (OEO) as proposal to be applied in food packaging. The films thus manufactured were unscathed, with reduced surface defects. Their thickness and moisture content varied according to the composition and content of each component in the formulation. Optical micrographs indicated a homogeneous morphology, with good distribution of clay in the matrix. FTIR data confirms the incorporation of OEO into the films. TGA analysis indicated that the thermal stability of the films was not significantly affected by the incorporation of C30B and OEO. OEO incorporation did not promote an efficient antimicrobial action which is probably due to its retention by the clay. Further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis. The combination between C30B and OEO in the PLA polymeric matrix is a promising proposal.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2022-0043

Distresse moral vivenciado por gestores enfermeiros no contexto de hospitais universitários federais
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Faraco, Michel Maximiano

; Gelbcke, Francine Lima

; Brehmer, Laura Cavalcanti de Farias

; Ramos, Flávia Regina Souza

; Barlem, Edison Luiz Devos

; Dalmolin, Graziele de Lima

Acta Paulista de Enfermagem

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2022, Volume 35 elocation eAPE039013534

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo Objetivo Analisar a frequência e a intensidade de distresse moral em gestores de enfermagem de Hospitais Universitários Federais. Métodos Estudo transversal desenvolvido com gestores de enfermagem atuantes em diferentes níveis hierárquicos de Hospitais Universitários Federais por meio da aplicação da Escala Brasileira de Distresse Moral em Enfermeiros e questionário sociodemográfico e laboral. Para análise utilizou-se a estatística descritiva, teste de qui-quadrado e teste t para amostras independentes. Resultados Participaram do estudo 126 enfermeiros gestores, 32 do segmento estratégico e 94 do operacional. Um nível moderado de frequência e intensidade de distresse moral foi observado, com médias de 3,07(DP=1,21) e 3,55(DP=1,35), respectivamente. As maiores médias estiveram relacionadas aos fatores Equipe de trabalho, Cuidado seguro e qualificado e Condições de trabalho. Na comparação de grupos, o gestor operacional apresentou os maiores níveis de frequência e intensidade, com médias de 3,33(DP=1,20) e 3,76(DP=1,26), respectivamente. Conclusão Constatou-se que o distresse moral em enfermeiros gestores de hospitais universitários federais se encontra em nível moderado de frequência e intensidade, sendo que os enfermeiros do grupo Gestor de Enfermagem, apresentaram o maior escore de Distresse moral quando comparado ao grupo chefe de Divisão de Enfermagem.

Abstract Objective To analyze the frequency and intensity of moral distress in nursing managers of Federal University Hospitals. Methods Cross-sectional study conducted with nursing managers working at different hierarchical levels of Federal University Hospitals through the application of the Brazilian Scale of Moral Distress in Nurses and a sociodemographic and working questionnaire. For analysis, we used descriptive statistics, chi-square test and t test for independent samples. Results 126 nurse managers participated in the study, 32 from the strategic segment and 94 from the operational one. We have observed a moderate level of frequency and intensity of moral distress, mean 3.07(SD=1.21) and 3.55(SD=1.35), respectively. The greatest means were related to the factors Work team, Safe and qualified care and Working conditions. When comparing groups, the operational manager had the highest levels of frequency and intensity, mean 3.33 (SD=1.20) and 3.76 (SD=1.26), respectively. Conclusion We have found that moral distress in managing nurses of federal university hospitals is at a moderate level of frequency and intensity, and nurses in the Nursing Manager group had the highest Moral Distress score when compared to the head group of the Nursing Division.

Resumen Objetivo Analizar la frecuencia y la intensidad del distrés moral en gestores de enfermería de Hospitales Universitarios Federales. Métodos Estudio transversal desarrollado con gestores de enfermería que actúan en distintos niveles jerárquicos de Hospitales Universitarios Federales por medio de la aplicación de la Escala Brasileña de Distrés Moral para Enfermeros y el cuestionario sociodemográfico y laboral. Para el análisis se utilizó la estadística descriptiva, prueba chi-cuadrado y prueba t para muestras independientes. Resultados Participaron del estudio 126 enfermeros gestores, 32 del sector estratégico y 94 del operativo. Se observó un nivel moderado de frecuencia e intensidad de distrés moral, con promedios de 3,07(DP=1,21) y de 3,55(DP=1,35), respectivamente. Los mayores promedios estuvieron relacionados con los factores Equipo de trabajo, Cuidado seguro y calificado y Condiciones de trabajo. En la comparación de grupos, el gestor operativo presentó los mayores niveles de frecuencia y de intensidad, con promedios de 3,33(DP=1,20) y de 3,76 (DP=1,26), respectivamente. Conclusión Se verificó que el distrés moral de enfermeros gestores de hospitales universitarios federales se encuentra en un nivel moderado de frecuencia y de intensidad y los enfermeros del grupo Gestor de Enfermería presentaron la mayor puntuación de Distrés moral cuando comparado con el grupo jefe de la División de Enfermería.

https://doi.org/10.37689/acta-ape/2022ao013534

Moral distress-associated sociodemographic and occupational aspects in nursing managers at federal university hospitals
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Maximiano Faraco, Michel

; Lima Gelbcke, Francine

; Brehmer, Laura Cavalcanti de Farias

; Ramos, Flávia Regina Souza

; Ghizoni Schneider, Dulcinéia

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP

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2022, Volume 56 elocation e20210447

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre as características sociodemográficas e laborais e os fatores preditores de Distresse Moral em gestores de enfermagem de Hospitais Universitários Federais. Método: Estudo transversal realizado com 126 enfermeiros. Os dados foram coletados entre os meses de setembro de 2019 e maio de 2020, via online, aplicando-se a Escala Brasileira de Distresse Moral em Enfermeiros. As variáveis foram analisadas por estatística descritiva e bivariada para comparar as médias de respostas do instrumento em relação às características sociodemográficas e laborais (porte do hospital, região, idade, sexo, variáveis de formação e experiências, vínculos e carga horária). Resultados: Os níveis mais elevados de Distresse Moral foram vivenciados por enfermeiros em hospitais de grande porte, com significância estatística entre os estatutários, sem formação em gestão, com menor tempo de experiência profissional e com a maior carga horária de trabalho semanal, com ênfase nos fatores preditores de “cuidado seguro e qualificado”, “condições de trabalho” e “equipe de trabalho”. Conclusão: A partir do exposto, entende-se que estudos dessa natureza permitem gerar estratégias adaptativas para reduzir os impactos do Distresse Moral.

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the association between sociodemographic and occupational characteristics and the predictors of Moral Distress in nursing managers of Federal University Hospitals. Method: Cross-sectional study carried out with 126 nurses. Data were collected online between September 2019 and May 2020 applying the Brazilian Scale of Moral Distress in Nurses. The variables were analyzed using descriptive and bivariate statistics to compare the instrument mean responses in relation to sociodemographic and occupational characteristics (hospital size, region, age, gender, training and experience variables, employment relationships, and workload). Results: The highest levels of Moral Distress were experienced by nurses in large hospitals, with statistical significance among civil servants with job stability who have no management training, with less time of professional experience and with the highest weekly workload, with emphasis on predictive factors of “safe and qualified care”, “work conditions” and “work team”. Conclusion: Based on the above, it is understood that studies of this nature allow the generation of adaptive strategies to reduce the impacts of Moral Distress.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar la asociación entre las características sociodemográficas y laborales y los factores predictores de Distrés Moral en gestores de enfermería de Hospitales Universitarios Federales. Método: Estudio transversal realizado con 126 enfermeros. Los datos fueron recolectados entre los meses de septiembre de 2019 y mayo de 2020, a través de la red, se aplicó la Escala Brasileña de Distrés Moral en Enfermeros. Las variables fueron analizadas por estadística descriptiva y bivariada para comparar las medias de respuestas del instrumento en relación a las características sociodemográficas y laborales (porte del hospital, región, edad, sexo, variables de formación y experiencias, vínculos y carga horaria). Resultados: Los niveles más elevados de Distrés Moral fueron vivenciados por enfermeros en hospitales de gran porte, con significancia estadística entre los funcionarios públicos con estabilidad, sin formación en gestión, con menos tiempo de experiencia profesional y con la carga horaria más extensa de trabajo semanal, con énfasis en los factores predictores de “cuidado seguro y cualificado”, “condiciones de trabajo” y “equipo de trabajo”. Conclusión: Así siendo, se entiende que estudios con este abordaje permiten generar estrategias adaptativas para reducir los impactos del Distrés Moral.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2021-0447en

ENSINO DA CONSULTA DE ENFERMAGEM NA FORMAÇÃO DO ENFERMEIRO: ESTUDO BIBLIOMÉTRICO
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Jesus, Ludmila Anjos de

; Costa, Laura Emmanuela Lima

; Oliveira, Monalliza Gama

; Souza, Virgínia Ramos dos Santos

; Silva, Gilberto Tadeu Reis da

; Cordeiro, Ana Lúcia Arcanjo Oliveira

; Silva, Rudval Souza da

Cogitare Enfermagem

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2022, Volume 27 elocation e84473

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivo identificar a produção científica brasileira acerca do ensino da consulta de enfermagem na formação do enfermeiro. Método estudo descritivo de natureza bibliométrica, realizado no portal da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e na PubMed, de abril a maio de 2021, tendo como critérios de inclusão: artigos completos, em português ou inglês, publicados de 2009 a 2020. Resultados identificaram-se 13 estudos, sendo quatro publicados em um periódico B2 da região do Nordeste, contudo, oriundos predominantemente da Região Sul (38,46%), destacando-se os do tipo relato de experiência. As temáticas mais observadas relacionavam-se às metodologias de ensino, sobretudo, as ativas e com uso de ferramentas tecnológicas. A consulta de enfermagem não foi revelada como uma das palavras-chave mais frequentes. Conclusão ao constatar a incipiência da produção relativa à temática, este estudo fornece subsídios para ampliação desta área do conhecimento, reverberando em melhorias no ensino da consulta de enfermagem e na formação do enfermeiro.

ABSTRACT Objective to identify the Brazilian scientific production about Nursing consultation teaching in nurses’ training. Method a descriptive study of a bibliometric nature conducted in the portal of Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde and in PubMed from April to May 2021, with the following inclusion criteria: full articles, in Portuguese or English, published from 2009 to 2020. Results a total of 13 studies were identified, of which four were published in a B2 journal from the Northeast region, although with predominance of papers from the South region (38.46%), with the experience report type standing out. The most frequently observed themes were related to the teaching methodologies, especially the active ones with use of technological tools. “Nursing consultation” was not found to be one of the most frequent keywords. Conclusion by verifying the incipience of the production on the theme, this study provides subsidies for expanding this knowledge area, reverberating in improvements in Nursing consultation teaching and in nurses’ training.

RESUMEN Objetivo identificar la producción científica de Brasil sobre la enseñanza de la Consulta de Enfermería en la formación de enfermeros. Método estudio descriptivo de carácter bibliométrico realizado en el portal de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud y en PubMed de abril a mayo de 2021, con los siguientes criterios de inclusión: artículos completos, en portugués o inglés y publicados entre 2009 y 2020. Resultados se identificaron 13 estudios, publicados en una revista académica B2 de la región Noreste, aunque predominantemente provenientes de la región Sur (38,46%), destacándose los del tipo informe de experiencia. Las temáticas más observadas estuvieron relacionadas con las metodologías de enseñanza, especialmente las activas y con utilización de herramientas tecnológicas. “Consulta de Enfermería” no figuró entre las palabras clave más frecuentes. Conclusión al constatar el carácter incipiente de la producción sobre la temática, este estudio proporciona puntos de apoyo para ampliar esta área del conocimiento, con repercusiones en mejoras en la enseñanza de la Consulta de Enfermería y en la formación de enfermeros.

https://doi.org/10.5380/ce.v27i0.84473

Cardiovascular risk factors and major depressive disorder: a cross-sectional study in São Paulo, Brazil
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Bivanco-Lima, Danielle

; de Souza Santos, Itamar

; Wang, Yuan-Pang

; Viana, Maria Carmen

; Andrade, Laura Helena

; Lotufo, Paulo Andrade

; Benseñor, Isabela Judith Martins

Sao Paulo Medical Journal

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aug 2021, Volume 139 N. 4 Pages 364 - 371

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular risk factors can mediate the association between depression and cardiovascular diseases. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate cardiovascular risk factors in adult individuals with and without histories of major depression in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study in São Paulo (SP), Brazil. METHODS: This study evaluated 423 individuals without any lifetime diagnosis of major depression and 203 individuals with a previous diagnosis of major depression (n = 626). The participants underwent a psychiatric evaluation using a structured clinical interview (SCID-1), an anthropometric evaluation and a clinical evaluation that included blood pressure measurement and assessment of fasting blood glucose, lipid profile and physical activity levels. RESULTS: Individuals with histories of major depression were more likely to be female (P < 0.0001). Individuals with lifetime diagnoses of major depression were more likely to be current smokers (odds ratio, OR 1.61; 95% confidence interval, CI 1.01-2.59) and to have diabetes (OR 1.79; 95% CI 1.01-3.21); and less likely to be obese (OR 0.58; 95% CI 0.35-0.94). CONCLUSION: Individuals with major depression had higher odds of presenting tobacco smoking and diabetes, and lower odds of being obese. Healthcare professionals need to be aware of this, so as to increase the rates of diagnosis and treatment in this population.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2020.0054.r1.1802021 4 downloads

10.

Patient safety culture in critical and non-critical areas: a comparative study
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Carneiro, Alessandra Suptitz

; Dalmolin, Graziele de Lima

; Magnago, Tânia Solange Bosi de Souza

; Moreira, Laura Prestes

; Costa, Eduarda Dalla

; Andolhe, Rafaela

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP

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2021, Volume 55 elocation e20210141

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivo: comparar a percepção da cultura de segurança do paciente entre trabalhadores de saúde de áreas críticas e não críticas. Método: estudo transversal com trabalhadores de saúde das áreas críticas e não críticas de um hospital de grande porte. A coleta de dados utilizou instrumento de caracterização e o Safety Attitudes Questionnaire. A análise ocorreu no Predictive Analytics Software Statistic®. Resultados: participaram 393 trabalhadores, predominantemente mulheres, acima de 43 anos, técnicas de enfermagem, com companheiro e filhos. Resultados indicaram que as áreas têm percepção negativa da segurança do paciente (66,5%, ±12,7 críticas; 63,5%, ±14,4 não críticas). Somente a satisfação no trabalho obteve escore positivo (83,0%, ±15,9 críticas; 80,1%, ±17,5 não críticas). Houve relação entre ser trabalhador de áreas críticas e ter percepção positiva para gerência da unidade (p = 0,041). Conclusão: ambas as áreas têm percepção negativa da cultura de segurança. Embora áreas críticas tenham obtido avaliações mais positivas, os resultados não apresentaram significância estatística quando comparados às áreas não críticas.

ABSTRACT Objective: to compare the perception of patient safety culture among health workers from critical and non-critical areas. Method: cross-sectional study with health workers from critical and non-critical areas of a large hospital. Data collection used a characterization instrument and the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire. The analysis was performed in the Predictive Analytics Software Statistic®. Results: a total of 393 workers participated, predominantly women, over 43 years old, nursing technicians, with a partner, and children. Results indicated that the areas have a negative perception of patient safety (66.5%, ±12.7 critical; 63.5%, ±14.4 non-critical). Only job satisfaction had a positive score (83.0%, ±15.9 critical; 80.1%, ±17.5 non-critical). There was a relationship between being a worker in critical areas and having a positive perception of the unit’s management (p = 0.041). Conclusion: both areas have a negative perception of the safety culture. Although critical areas have obtained more positive evaluations, the results did not show statistical significance when compared to non-critical areas.

RESUMEN Objetivo: comparar la percepción de la cultura de seguridad del paciente entre trabajadores de salud de áreas críticas y no críticas. Método: estudio transversal con trabajadores de salud de las áreas críticas y no críticas de un hospital de gran porte. La recolección de datos utilizó instrumento de caracterización y el Safety Attitudes Questionnaire. El análisis ocurrió en el Predictive Analytics Software Statistic®. Resultados: participaron 393 trabajadores, entre los cuales predominaron mujeres, con más de 43 años, técnicas de enfermería, casadas y con hijos. Resultados indicaron que las áreas han tenido percepción negativa de la seguridad del paciente (66,5%, ±12,7 críticas; 63,5%, ±14,4 no críticas). Solamente la satisfacción en el trabajo obtuvo score positivo (83,0%, ±15,9 críticas; 80,1%, ±17,5 no críticas). Hubo relación entre el hecho de ser trabajador de áreas críticas y haber tenido percepción positiva para gerencia de la unidad (p = 0,041). Conclusión: las dos áreas poseen percepción negativa de la cultura de seguridad. Aunque áreas críticas obtuvieron evaluaciones más positivas, los resultados no presentaron significancia estadística cuando comparados a las áreas no críticas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2021-0141 154 downloads

11.

Has the pandemic impacted non-essential research by medical students?
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Forni, José Eduardo Nogueira

; Lima, Laura de Souza

; Oliveira, Regiane Cristine Campos de

; Ferreira, Fábio Argollo

Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica

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2021, Volume 45 N. 4 elocation e211

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-5271v45.4-20210350.ing 21 downloads

12.

Evolução da velocidade de leitura no Ensino Fundamental I e II
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Alves, Luciana Mendonça

; Santos, Luiz Felipe dos

; Miranda, Izabel Cristina Campolina

; Carvalho, Isa Mourão

; Ribeiro, Gabriela de Lima

; Freire, Laura de Souza Cardoso

; Martins-Reis, Vanessa de Oliveira

; Celeste, Letícia Correa

CoDAS

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2021, Volume 33 N. 5 elocation e20200168

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar a influência da escolaridade em medidas de velocidade de leitura no ensino fundamental e explorar os níveis de precisão das variáveis da velocidade de leitura nos estágios de investigação epidemiológica de casos. Método Participaram 535 escolares do 2º ao 9º ano de escola particular e pública. A leitura oral de um texto simples foi avaliada nos parâmetros palavras lidas por minuto e palavras lidas corretamente por minuto. Foram conduzidas medidas de estatística descritiva e teste T de student com significância de 5%, além do escore Z, padronizado e individual. Resultados Os resultados corroboram a literatura que evidencia aumento da velocidade de leitura com a progressão da escolaridade. A fluência leitora se mostrou em processo de construção entre o 2º e o 7º ano do Ensino Fundamental, com estabilização a partir do 7º ano. Uma leitura mais fluente e homogênea se mostrou sedimentada entre o 7º e o 9º ano. O estudo propõe a interpretação dos achados com escalas sugestivas para déficit por meio do z-escore. Os dados são estratificados desde valores sugestivos de déficit importante até o não sugestivo, com um total de cinco estratos. A estratificação permite uma referência mais clara sobre qual ponto se encontra o escolar nas faixas esperadas para sua escolaridade. Conclusão As medidas dos valores esperados segundo a escolaridade são essenciais para melhor conhecimento do desenvolvimento da leitura, de forma a prover padrões de referência para um adequado monitoramento no âmbito clínico e educacional e predição das habilidades e dificuldades leitoras.

ABSTRACT Purpose To verify the influence of schooling on reading speed measures in Elementary School and Junior High, also aims to explore the levels of accuracy of the variables of reading speed in the epidemiological investigation stages of cases. Methods 535 students from the 2nd to the 9th grade from a private school and a state school system participated in the study. The oral reading of a simple text was evaluated in the following parameters: words read per minute and correctly words read per minute. Descriptive statistics and T-test measures with the significance of 5% were conducted, besides the z-score, standardized and individual. Results The results corroborate the literature review which shows an increase in reading speed with the progression of schooling. The reading fluency was presented in the construction process between the 2nd and 7th grades, with stabilization from the 7th year. A more fluent and homogeneous reading was sedimented between the 7th and 9th grades. The study proposes the interpretation of the findings with scales suggestive of the deficit using the z-score. The data are stratified from values suggestive of significant deficit to non-suggestive, with a total of five strata. The stratification allows a clearer reference on which point the scholar found in the expected ranges for their schooling. Conclusion The measures of the expected values according to schooling are essential for better-quality knowledge of reading development, to provide reference standards for adequate monitoring in the clinical and educational sphere and prediction of reading skills and difficulties.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20202020168 254 downloads

13.

Spatial patterns of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: correlation with sociodemographic variables and type of notification
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Lima, Ingrid Bentes

; Nogueira, Laura Maria Vidal

; Guimarães, Ricardo José de Paula Souza e

; Rodrigues, Ivaneide Leal Ataide

; André, Suzana Rosa

; Abreu, Paula Daniella de

; Corrêa, Perla Katheleen Valente

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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2020, Volume 73 elocation e20190845

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivo: Correlacionar os casos de tuberculose multirresistente e seus padrões espaciais com o tipo de notificação e variáveis sociodemográficas. Método: Estudo ecológico realizado no município de Belém, com 77 casos de tuberculose multirresistente registrados no Sistema de Informação de Tratamentos Especiais da Tuberculose, entre 2012 e 2016. Para análise, foi feita depuração dos dados seguida do georreferenciamento nos programas ArcGis 10.3 e Terra View 4.2.2. Para relacionar os casos com o tipo de notificação, utilizou-se o software BioEstat 5.4, com nível de significância de 95%. Resultados: Do total, 40 (52%) eram casos novos; 27 (35%), recidivas; e 10 (13%) eram reingressos após abandono. A tuberculose multirresistente apresentou distribuição aleatória e relação com renda, aglomerado domiciliar, territorial e abastecimento de água. Houve concentração de casos em dois distritos administrativos, correspondentes a 28,5% e 27,3% do total, com Índice Sociodemográfico mediano. Conclusão: Foi constatado comportamento da tuberculose multirresistente influenciado pelos indicadores sociodemográficos.

ABSTRACT Objective: Correlate the cases of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and its spatial patterns with the type of notification and sociodemographic variables. Method: Ecological study carried out in the municipality of Belém, with 77 cases of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis registered in the Special Treatment Information System for Tuberculosis, between 2012 and 2016. For analysis, the data was debugged followed by geo-referencing in ArcGis 10.3 and Terra View 4.2.2. To relate the cases with the type of notification, the BioEstat 5.4 software was used, with a significance level of 95%. Results: Of the total, 40 (52%) were new cases; 27 (35%), relapses; and ten (13%) were re-enrolled after leaving. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis was randomly distributed and related to income, household, territorial cluster and water supply. There was a concentration of cases in two administrative districts, corresponding to 28.5% and 27.3% of the total, with a median Sociodemographic Index. Conclusion: Behavior of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis influenced by sociodemographic indicators.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Correlacionar los casos de tuberculosis multirresistente y sus estándares espaciales con el tipo de notificación y variables sociodemográficas. Método: Estudio ecológico realizado en el municipio de Belém, con 77 casos de tuberculosis multirresistente registrados en el Sistema de Información de Tratamientos Especiales de la Tuberculosis, entre 2012 y 2016. Para análisis, ha sido realizada depuración de los datos seguida de la georreferenciación en los programas ArcGis 10.3 y Terra View 4.2.2. Para relacionar los casos con el tipo de notificación, se utilizó el software BioEstat 5.4, con nivel de significación de 95%. Resultados: Del total, 40 (52%) eran casos nuevos; 27 (35%), recidivas; y 10 (13%) eran reingresos después del abandono. La tuberculosis multirresistente presentó distribución aleatoria y relación con la renta, aglomerado domiciliar, territorial y abastecimiento de agua. Hubo concentración de casos en dos distritos administrativos, correspondientes a 28,5% y 27,3% del total, con Índice Sociodemográfico mediano. Conclusión: Ha sido constatado comportamiento de la tuberculosis multirresistente influenciado por los indicadores sociodemográficos.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2019-0845 746 downloads

14.

Spatial patterns of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: correlation with sociodemographic variables and type of notification
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Lima, Ingrid Bentes

; Nogueira, Laura Maria Vidal

; Guimarães, Ricardo José de Paula Souza e

; Rodrigues, Ivaneide Leal Ataide

; André, Suzana Rosa

; Abreu, Paula Daniella de

; Corrêa, Perla Katheleen Valente

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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2020, Volume 73 Suppl. 5 elocation e20190845

Abstract: En Es Pt | Text: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2019-0845 12 downloads

15.

Peripheral nerve entrapments—rare causes of a common condition: case series
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Barros, Laura Mendes de

; Oliveira, Adilson Jose Manuel de

; Santos, Alan de Souza

; Lima, Flávio Leão

; Valente, Rodolfo Silva

Autopsy and Case Reports

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2020, Volume 10 N. 2 elocation e2020153

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Compressive syndromes of peripheral nerves both in the upper and lower limbs are part of daily clinical practice; however, the etiological diagnosis can be challenging and impact on the outcome of the patient. We report five cases with rare etiologies of nerve entrapments: one in the lower limb and four in the upper limbs with the final diagnosis made only during the operation. The patients evolved without post-operative complications and had good outcomes. This series includes the first report of sciatic compression by a lipoma in the popliteal fossa, two lipomas one with compression of infraclavicular brachial plexus and another with compressing the posterior interosseous nerve, and two reports of vascular lesions due to blunt traumas, which are also uncommon. This series adds to the literature more hypotheses of differential diagnoses in nerve entrapments, which is fundamental to surgical decisions and pre-operative planning—and perhaps most importantly prevents wrong diagnosis of idiopathic compressions, which would lead to a completely wrong approach and unfavorable outcomes.

https://doi.org/10.4322/acr.2020.153 176 downloads

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