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ABSTRACT The SISBIOTA-BRASIL was a three-year multimillion-dollar research program of the Brazilian government to document plants and animals in endangered/understudied areas and biomes in Brazil. Distributional patterns and the historical events that generated them are extensively unknown regarding Brazilian fauna and flora. This deficiency hinders the development of conservation policies and the understanding of evolutionary processes. Conservation decisions depend on precise knowledge of the taxonomy and geographic distribution of species. Given such a premise, we proposed to research the diversity of Diptera of the Brazilian western arc of Amazon, Cerrado, and Pantanal in the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, and Rondônia. Three important biomes of the South American continent characterize these Brazilian states: Amazon forest, Cerrado (Brazilian Savannah), and Pantanal. Besides their ecological relevance, these biomes historically lack intensive entomological surveys. Therefore, they are much underrepresented in the Brazilian natural history collections and in the scientific literature, which is further aggravated by the fact that these areas are being exponentially and rapidly converted to commercial lands. Our project involved over 90 collaborators from 24 different Brazilian institutions and one from Colombia among researchers, postdocs, graduate and undergraduate students, and technicians. We processed and analyzed nearly 300,000 specimens from ~60 families of Diptera collected with a large variety of methods in the sampled areas. Here, we provide a detailed overview of the genera and species diversity of 41 families treated. Our results point to a total of 2,130 species and 514 genera compiled and identified for the three states altogether, with an increase of 41% and 29% in the numbers of species and genera known for the three states combined, respectively. Overall, the 10 most species-rich families were Tachinidae, Cecidomyiidae, Tabanidae, Psychodidae, Sarcophagidae, Stratiomyidae, Bombyliidae, Syrphidae, Tephritidae, and Asilidae. The 10 most diverse in the number of genera were Tachinidae, Stratiomyidae, Asilidae, Mycetophilidae, Syrphidae, Tabanidae, Muscidae, Dolichopodidae, Sarcophagidae, and Chloropidae. So far, 111 scientific papers were published regarding taxonomic, phylogenetic, and biogeographical aspects of the studied families, with the description of 101 new species and three new genera. We expect that additional publications will result from this investigation because several specimens are now curated and being researched by specialists.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2023-0051

Cannabinoids in Neurology - Position paper from Scientific Departments from Brazilian Academy of Neurology
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BRUCKI, Sonia Maria Dozzi

; ADONI, Tarso

; ALMEIDA, Carlos Mauricio Oliveira

; ANDRADE, Daniel Ciampi de

; ANGHINAH, Renato

; BARBOSA, Luciana Mendonça

; BAZAN, Rodrigo

; CARVALHO, Alzira Alves de Siqueira

; CARVALHO, William

; CHRISTO, Paulo Pereira

; COLETTA, Marcus Della

; CONFORTO, Adriana Bastos

; CORREA-NETO, Ylmar

; ENGELHARDT, Eliasz

; FRANÇA JUNIOR, Marcondes Cavalcante

; FRANCO, Clelia

; VON GLEHN, Felipe

; GOMES, Helio Rodrigues

; HOULY, Caroline Gomes de Barros

; KAUP, Alexandre Ottoni

; KOWACS, Fernando

; KANASHIRO, Aline

; LOPES, Victor Gonçalves

; MAIA, Débora

; MANREZA, Maria

; MARTINEZ, Alberto Rolim Muro

; MARTINEZ, Sandra Cristina Gonçalves

; NADER, Saulo Nardy

; NEVES, Luciana de Oliveira

; OKAMOTO, Ivan Hideyo

; OLIVEIRA, Rogério Adas Ayres de

; PEIXOTO, Fabiano de Melo

; PEREIRA, Cristiana Borges

; SABA, Roberta Arb

; SAMPAIO, Leticia Pereira de Brito

; SCHILLING, Lucas Porcello

; SILVA, Marcus Tulius Teixeira

; SILVA, Emanuelle Roberta

; SMID, Jerusa

; SOARES, Cristiane Nascimento

; SOBREIRA-NETO, Manoel

; SOUSA, Nise Alessandra de Carvalho

; SOUZA, Leonardo Cruz de

; TEIVE, Hélio Afonso Ghizoni

; TERRA, Vera Cristina

; VALE, Matheus

; VIEIRA, Vitor Mendes Grise

; ZANOTELI, Edmar

; PRADO, Gilmar

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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apr 2021, Volume 79 N. 4 Pages 354 - 369

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Os canabinoides compreendem os endocanabinoides, fitocanabinoides e os canabinoides sintéticos e desempenham ações no sistema nervoso central e periférico. Uma quantidade enorme de publicações tem sido lançada nos últimos anos, embora a cannabis seja conhecida por milênios. Os Departamentos Científicos da Academia Brasileira de Neurologia descreveram as evidências do uso médico em suas áreas. A literatura está em constantes mudanças e possíveis novas evidências podem surgir nos próximos dias ou meses. A prescrição dessas substâncias deve ser discutida com os pacientes e suas famílias, com conhecimento sobre eventos adversos e sua eficácia.

ABSTRACT Cannabinoids comprehend endocannabinoids, phytocannabinoids, and synthetic cannabinoids, with actions both in the central and peripherical nervous systems. A considerable amount of publications have been made in recent years, although cannabis has been known for over a thousand years. Scientific Departments from the Brazilian Academy of Neurology described evidence for medical use in their areas. Literature is constantly changing, and possible new evidence can emerge in the next days or months. Prescription of these substances must be discussed with patients and their families, with knowledge about adverse events and their efficacy.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2020-0432 1049 downloads

Proposal for computer-aided diagnosis based on ultrasound images of the kidney: is it possible to compare shades of gray among such images?
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Siqueira, Gustavo Lopes Gomes de

; Sousa, Robson Pequeno de

; Olinda, Ricardo Alves de

; Engelhorn, Carlos Alberto

; Silva, André Luiz Siqueira da

; Almeida, Juliana Gonçalves

Radiologia Brasileira

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feb 2021, Volume 54 N. 1 Pages 27 - 32

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivo: Comparar imagens renais ultrassonográficas obtidas de maneira aleatória e controlada (padronizando fatores físicos do aparelho de ultrassom) por diferentes profissionais e aparelhos. Materiais e Métodos: Foram obtidos quatro tipos de imagens, de acordo com sua aquisição e processamento por cinco profissionais e dois tipos de aparelhos de ultrassonografia, em 24 pacientes, totalizando 919 imagens. Comparamos a mediana de escala de cinza e diferentes intervalos de tons de cinza representantes de tecidos histológicos virtuais. Resultados: As medianas de escala de cinza de imagens renais obtidas por dois tipos de aparelhos foram estatisticamente diferentes (p < 2.2e-16). Analisando os quatro tipos de imagens, partindo de uma totalmente aleatória (sem qualquer padronização), uma padronizada (fixado o ganho, time gain control e dynamic range), e essas duas passando por um processo de normatização, obteve-se que a imagem aleatória é totalmente diversa entre os profissionais (p = 0,006098), mesmo passando pelo processo de normatização. A imagem padronizada, após passar pelo processo de normatização, apresentou resultados equivalentes, não possuindo diferença estatística (p = 0,7319). Conclusão: Constatou-se que na análise de tons de cinza deve-se usar um mesmo tipo de máquina e uma imagem em que sejam padronizados aspectos físicos, passando por um processo de normatização/padronização.

Abstract Objective: To compare ultrasound images of the kidney obtained, randomly or in a controlled manner (standardizing the physical aspects of the ultrasound system), by various professionals and with different devices. Materials and Methods: We evaluated a total of 919 images of kidneys, obtained by five professionals using two types of ultrasound systems, in 24 patients. The images were categorized into four types, by how they were acquired and processed. We compared the gray-scale median and different gray-scale ranges representative of virtual histological tissues. Results: There were statistically significant differences among the five professionals, regardless of the type of ultrasound system employed, in terms of the gray-scale medians for the images obtained (p < 2.2e-16). Analyzing the four categories of images-a totally random image (without any standardization); a standardized image (with fixed values for gain, time gain control, and dynamic range); a normalized version of the random image; and a normalized version of the standardized image-we determined that the random image, even after normalization, differed quite significantly among the professionals (p = 0.006098). The analysis of the normalized version of the standardized image did not differ significantly among the professionals (p = 0.7319). Conclusion: Our findings indicate that a gray-scale analysis of ultrasound images of the kidney performs better when the image acquisition process is standardized and the images undergo a process of normalization.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2019.0138 580 downloads

Nutritive value of Tanzania grass for dairy cows under rotational grazing
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Fernandes, Alberto Magno

; Deresz, Fermino

; Henrique, Douglas Sampaio

; Lopes, Fernando César Ferraz

; Glória, Leonardo Siqueira

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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2014, Volume 43 N. 8 Pages 410 - 418

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

A nutritional analysis of Tanzania grass (Megathyrsus maximusJacquin cv. Tanzânia was conducted. Pasture was managed in a rotational grazing system with a 30-day resting period, three days of paddock occupation and two grazing cycles. Ten Holstein × Zebu crossbred cows were kept within a 2-ha area divided into 11 paddocks ha-1. Cows were fed 2 kg of corn meal daily and performance was evaluated by weighing the animals every 14 days and by recording milk production twice a day. Nutritional composition of the Tanzania grass was determined from forage (extrusa) samples collected by esophageal fistulae from two animals. The nutritive value of Tanzania grass was estimated according to a modification of the CNCPS evaluation model. Tanzania grass supplemented with 2 kg of corn meal supplied 33.2% more net energy for lactation than required by the animals to produce 13.7 kg of milk day-1. Nevertheless, the amount of metabolizable protein met the daily protein requirement of the animals. Although the model used in the study requires adjustments, Tanzania grass has the potential to produce milk in a rotational grazing system.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982014000800003 2658 downloads Cited 3 times in SciELO

Gender-related differences in critical limb ischemia due to peripheral arterial occlusive disease
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Santos, Vanessa Prado dos

; Alves, Carlos Alberto Silveira

; Lopes, Cicero Fidelis

; Araujo Filho, Jose Siqueira de

Jornal Vascular Brasileiro

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dec 2013, Volume 12 N. 4 Pages 278 - 283

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

CONTEXTO: A mortalidade por doença cardiovascular vem declinando entre os homens e aumentando entre as mulheres norte-americanas. Pesquisas mostraram diferenças relacionadas ao gênero na epidemiologia da doença aterosclerótica. OBJETIVO: Estudar possíveis diferenças entre pacientes com isquemia crítica por doença arterial obstrutiva periférica (DAOP), de ambos os gêneros, em relação à presença de fatores de risco para a aterosclerose e características da DAOP infrainguinal. MÉTODOS: Foram incluídos 171 doentes internados com isquemia crítica por DAOP infrainguinal. Estudamos comparativamente, entre homens e mulheres, as características clínicas (Classificação de Rutherford e território da DAOP), a presença de fatores de risco para a aterosclerose (diabetes, idade, tabagismo e hipertensão arterial) e o número de artérias com alguma opacificação nas angiografias digitais da perna. A análise estatística foi realizada pelo EPI-INFO. Considerou-se significante p <0,05. RESULTADOS: Dentre os 171 casos, a média de idade foi 70 anos, sendo 88 doentes do gênero masculino (52%). A maioria dos pacientes, de ambos os gêneros, era Categoria 5 da Classificação de Rutherford (82% dos homens e 70% das mulheres/ p =0,16). O gênero feminino apresentou média de idade mais avançada (73 VS 67 anos/ p =0,0002), maior prevalência de diabetes (66% VS 45%/ p =0,003) e de HAS (90% VS 56%/ p =0,0000001). Os homens mostraram maior prevalência de tabagismo (76% VS 53%/ p =0,0008). Nas arteriografias, 74% das mulheres (VS 50% homens) apresentaram opacificação de apenas uma artéria na perna CONCLUSÃO: O estudo mostrou que existe diferença entre homens e mulheres com isquemia crítica em relação à prevalência dos fatores de risco para aterosclerose e às características da DAOP.

BACKGROUND: Mortality from cardiovascular disease has declined among men and increased among North American women. Recent studies have revealed differences between genders in the epidemiology of atherosclerotic disease. OBJECTIVE: To study possible differences between male and female patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI) according to risk factors of atherosclerosis and clinical characteristics of lower limbs with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD). METHODS: The study included 171 male and female patients treated for CLI due to infrainguinal PAOD and compared clinical characteristics (Rutherford category and PAOD territory), risk factors for atherosclerosis (diabetes, age, smoking and hypertension) and number of opacified arteries on digital angiograms of the leg. The EPI-INFO software was used for statistical analysis, and the level of significance was set at p<0.05. RESULTS: Mean age was 70 years, and 88 patients were men (52%). For most patients (both genders), Rutherford category was 5 (82 % of men and 70% of women; p=0.16). The group of women had higher mean age (73 vs. 67 years; p=0.0002) and greater prevalence of diabetes (66% vs. 45%; p=0.003) and hypertension (90% vs. 56%; p=0.0000001). Among men, the prevalence of smoking was higher (76% vs. 53%; p=0.0008). The analysis of digital angiograms revealed that opacification of only one artery in the leg was found for 74% of women (vs. 50% of men). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of risk factors for atherosclerosis and the characteristics of PAOD are different between male and female patients with CLI.

https://doi.org/10.1590/jvb.2013.053 4719 downloads

Tropical biodiversity: has it been a potential source of secondary metabolites useful for medicinal chemistry?
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Valli, Marilia

; Pivatto, Marcos

; Danuello, Amanda

; Castro-Gamboa, Ian

; Silva, Dulce Helena Siqueira

; Cavalheiro, Alberto José

; Araújo, Ângela Regina

; Furlan, Maysa

; Lopes, Márcia Nasser

; Bolzani, Vanderlan da Silva

Química Nova

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2012, Volume 35 N. 11 Pages 2278 - 2287

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The use of natural products has definitely been the most successful strategy in the discovery of novel medicines. Secondary metabolites from terrestrial and marine organisms have found considerable use in the treatment of numerous diseases and have been considered lead molecules both in their natural form and as templates for medicinal chemistry. This paper seeks to show the great value of secondary metabolites and emphasize the rich chemical diversity of Brazilian biodiversity. This natural chemical library remains understudied, but can be a useful source of new secondary metabolites with potential application as templates for drug discovery.

8323 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

Bioactive flavone dimers from Ouratea multiflora (Ochnaceae)
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Carbonezi, Carlos Alberto

; Hamerski, Lidilhone

; Gunatilaka, A. A. Leslie

; Cavalheiro, Alberto

; Castro-Gamboa, Ian

; Silva, Dulce Helena Siqueira

; Furlan, Maysa

; Young, Maria Claudia Marx

; Lopes, Marcia Nasser

; Bolzani, Vanderlan da Silva

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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sep 2007, Volume 17 N. 3 Pages 319 - 324

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Chromatographic fractionation of the organic extract from leaves of Ouratea multiflora afforded the flavone dimers heveaflavone, amentoflavone-7¢¢,4¢¢¢-dimethyl eter, podocarpusflavone-A and amentoflavone. Their structures were elucidated from spectral data, including 2D-NMR experiments of the natural substances. Biological activities of all isolates were evaluated, using antimicrobial assay against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, cytotoxicity assay against mouse lymphoma (L5178) and KB cell lines, TLC screening for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and antioxidant activity measured by DPPH test.

O fracionamento cromatográfico do extrato orgânico das folhas de Ouratea multiflora forneceu os flavonóides diméricos, heveaflavona, 7¢¢,4¢¢¢-dimetilamentoflavona, podocarpusflavona-A e amentoflavona. Suas estruturas foram elucidadas com base nos dados espectrais, incluindo experimentos bidimensionais de RMN, das substâncias naturais. A atividade antibiótica de todos os isolados foi avaliada, usando-se as bacterias Gram-positivas Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. Teste de citotoxicidade nas linhagens de linfoma de ratos (L5178) e KB também foram conduzidos para avaliar os extratos e os flavonóides isolados. a triagem biológica para a avaliação de atividade antioxidante e inibidora de acetil colinesterase foram conduzidas pela técnica da bioautografia com DPPH e teste pelo teste de Ellman respectivamente.

3443 downloads Cited 3 times in SciELO

Periradicular repair after two-visit endodontic treatment using two different intracanal medications compared to single-visit endodontic treatment
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Silveira, Adriana M. Vieira

; Lopes, Hélio P.

; Siqueira Jr, José F.

; Macedo, Sérgio B.

; Consolaro, Alberto

Brazilian Dental Journal

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2007, Volume 18 N. 4 Pages 299 - 304

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O número de sessões necessárias para tratar um canal radicular infectado é um dos assuntos mais controversos da endodontia. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar, em cães, a resposta dos tecidos perirradiculares ao tratamento endodôntico de canais infectados em uma ou duas consultas, usando diferentes medicamentos entre as sessões. Lesões perirradiculares foram induzidas pela inoculação de Enterococcus faecalis nos canais. Após a confirmação do desenvolvimento de uma lesão perirradicular, os canais foram tratados em uma ou duas sessões, usando óleo ozonizado ou hidróxido de cálcio associado ao paramonoclorofenol canforado (PMCC) como medicação intracanal. Após 6 meses, os animais foram sacrificados e os espécimes processados para análise histológica e histobacteriológica. Os canais tratados em sessão única apresentaram uma taxa de sucesso de 46% dos casos. Quando a medicação usada entre as sessões foi o hidróxido de cálcio associado com o PMCC, 74% dos casos resultaram em sucesso. Nos casos em que o óleo ozonizado foi usado, uma taxa de sucesso de 77% foi observada. Esses achados demonstraram que o tratamento em duas sessões oferece uma taxa de sucesso mais alta quando comparado à terapia em uma sessão. Além disso, o óleo ozonizado mostrou potencial para ser usado como medicação intracanal.

The number of appointments necessary to treat infected root canals is one of the most controversial issues in endodontics. This study evaluated, in dogs, the response of the periradicular tissues to the endodontic treatment of infected root canals performed in a single visit or in two visits, using different interappointment dressings. Periradicular lesions were induced by inoculating Enterococcus faecalis in the root canals. After confirming that a periradicular lesion developed, the root canals were treated within one or two visits, using either ozonized oil or calcium hydroxide in camphorated paramonochlorophenol (CMCP) as an intracanal medication. After 6 months, the animals were sacrificed and the specimens were processed for histological and histobacteriological analysis. The root canals treated in a single visit showed a success rate of 46%. When a calcium hydroxide/CMCP-based interappointment intracanal medication was used, 74% of the cases were categorized as success. In cases where ozonized oil was used as the intracanal medication, a success rate of 77% was observed. These results of the present study demonstrated that the two-visit treatment offered a higher success rate compared to one-visit therapy. In addition, ozonized oil may potentially be used as an intracanal medication.

8908 downloads

Derivado cinamoílico com atividade no reparo de DNA e outras substâncias de Cinnamomum australe (Lauraceae)
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Carbonezi, Carlos Alberto

; Lopes, Márcia Nasser

; Silva, Dulce Helena Siqueira

; Araújo, Ângela Regina

; Bolzani, Vanderlan da Silva

; Young, Maria Claudia Marx

; Silva, Marcelo Rogério da

Química Nova

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apr 2004, Volume 27 N. 2 Pages 196 - 198

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

The bioactive compound trans-3'-methylsulphonylallyl trans-cinnamate (1) along with the inactives iryelliptin (2) and (7R,8S,1'S)-delta8'-3',5'-dimethoxy-1',4'-dihydro-4'-oxo-7.0.2',8.1'-neolignan (3) were isolated from the leaves of Cinnamomum australe. The structures of these compounds were assigned by analysis of 1D and 2D NMR data and comparison with data registered in the literature for these compounds. The DNA-damaging activity of 1 is being described for the first time.

1551 downloads

10.

É a cardiomiopatia hipertrófica apical vista em uma amostra na cidade do Rio de Janeiro similar à encontrada no oriente?
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Albanesi Fº, Francisco Manes

; Castier, Marcia Bueno

; Lopes, Alberto Siqueira

; Ginefra, Paulo

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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aug 1997, Volume 69 N. 2 Pages 117 - 123

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVO: Investigar a existência de diferença na forma de apresentação clínica e evolutiva da cardiomiopatia hipertrófica apical (CMHA), vista em uma amostra na cidade do Rio de Janeiro e a observada no oriente, onde foi descrita. MÉTODOS: Entre 156 pacientes com cardiomiopatia hipertrófica diagnosticados em nossa instituição, foram identificados 13 (8,34%) com a forma apical, sendo estudadas as suas manifestações clínicas, os meios de diagnóstico e a sua evolução. RESULTADOS: Eram 8 homens e 5 mulheres, com idades entre 19 a 75 anos, todos da raça branca, a maioria sintomática. O eletrocardiograma revelou ondas T gigantes em precordiais em 10 pacientes (76,92%), o ecocardiograma (ECO), a presença de hipertrofia apical em todos os casos, sendo em 10 (76,92%) restrita a ponta do ventrículo esquerdo (VE), em dois (15,4%) a ponta do ventrículo direito (VD) e, em 1 (7,68%), acometendo ambos os ventrículos. A cineventriculografia confirmou os achados do ECO. A evolução variou de 6 a 264 meses (x=95,4). Ocorreram dois óbitos (15,4%) em pacientes com o comprometimento associado ao VD, devido ao aumento significativo da dimensão dos átrios, ocorrência de fibrilação atrial, insuficiência valvar mitral e/ou tricúspide e tromboembolismo. Entre os vivos, a paciente com acometimento do VD evolui com restrição diastólica, e os restantes com lesão localizada do VE , 9 estão assintomáticos em uso de propranolol (8) ou amiodarona (1) e um permanece assintomático sem medicação. CONCLUSÃO: presentação, diagnóstico e evolução, porém notamos em 3 pacientes ( 23,08%) o acometimento da ponta do VD, não descrito no oriente, mas com péssimo prognóstico evolutivo.

PURPOSE: To investigate the differences between clinical aspects and evolution of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (AHCM) seen in Rio de Janeiro and the Oriental form, which was the first described. METHODS: In 156 patients with AHCM diagnosed in our institution, there were 13 (8.34%) with the apical form of the disease, whose clinical settings, diagnostic procedures and evolution were studied. RESULTS: There were 8 males and 5 females, between 19 and 75 years old, all white. Electrocardiogram (EKG) showed giant T waves in precordial leads in 10 (76.92%), echocardiogram (ECHO) demonstrated apical hypertrophy in all, 10 (76.92%) had only in the left ventricle, 2 in right ventricle and one involving both. Cineangiography corroborated ECHO findings. Follow-up ranged from 6 to 294 months (x= 95.4). Two deaths occurred in patients with RV involvement, due to large atria, atrial fibrillation, tricuspid or mitral insufficiency and thromboembolism. Among the survivors, the patient with RV disease has diastolic restriction and the ones with LV involvement, 9 are asymptomatic using either propranolol (8) or amiodarone (1), and one uses no medication. CONCLUSION: A HCM seen in Rio de Janeiro is similar to that found in the Orient (Japan) regarding presentation, diagnosis and evolution; but in 3 patients we have found RV disease, not described in Japan, characterizing a distinct group with a worse evolution.

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