Resumen: A lo largo de los años el concepto de vivienda ha ido cambiando a favor de los intereses económicos, políticos y de la sociedad en general; la vivienda pasó de ser concebida como un elemento que no puede entenderse sin su entorno a un elemento independiente. La siguiente investigación plantea analizar y entender los principios que guiaron la planificación de los proyectos, y cómo las personas, sus necesidades y su forma de habitar son importantes al momento de diseñar la vivienda. Con este propósito se adaptó una metodología combinada, partiendo del Plan Solanda y basado en la comparación de características físicas y funcionales de varios proyectos de vivienda social desarrollados en América Latina a partir de la modernidad, y apoyada en el análisis de revisión literaria, permitiendo así entender la importancia de la participación ciudadana y evidenciando cómo son las personas y su forma de habitar quienes personalizan los espacios.

Abstract: Over the years, the housing concept has been changing in benefit of economic and political interests and society in general; housing went from being conceived as an element that cannot be understood without its environment, to be an independent element. The following research sets out analyze and understand the principles that guided the planning of the projects, and how people, their needs and their way of living are important when designing a house. For this purpose, a combined methodology was adapted, starting from the Solanda Plan and based on the comparison of physical and functional characteristics of several social housing projects developed in Latin America since modernity, and supported by the analysis of literature review, thus allowing to understand the importance of citizen participation and showing how people and their way of living are the ones who personalize the spaces.

Health education is defined as any production of knowledge aimed at professional training to work in health, but it is marked by confusion in the use of terms that involve its theoretical foundation. We mapped the scientific production on Health Education in Brazil between 2010 and 2020, through bibliometric review with collection in three databases (Web of Science, MEDLINE and Scopus) and use of the Bibliometrix software. The analysis shows an increase in publications on the theme of health education in the national territory in the period described. The theme shows international influence in citations, absence of specific descriptors, inappropriate use of the most convenient descriptors and presence of research networks. The results obtained create a safe comparison framework for future studies that analyze the evolution of health education in Brazil and the need to create a theme-specific descriptor in the DeCS/MeSH system.

La educación para la salud se define como toda producción de conocimiento orientada a la formación profesional para trabajar en salud, pero está marcada por la confusión en el uso de términos que involucran su fundamento teórico. Mapeamos la producción científica en Educación para la Salud en Brasil entre 2010 y 2020, mediante revisión bibliométrica con recolección en tres bases de datos (Web of Science, MEDLINE y Scopus) y uso del software Bibliometrix. El análisis muestra un incremento de publicaciones sobre el tema de educación para la salud en el territorio nacional en el período descrito. El tema muestra influencia internacional en las citas, ausencia de descriptores específicos, uso inadecuado de los descriptores más convenientes y presencia de redes de investigación. Los resultados obtenidos crean un marco de comparación seguro para futuros estudios que analicen la evolución de la educación para la salud en Brasil y la necesidad de crear un descriptor temático específico en el sistema DeCS / MeSH.

A educação na saúde é definida como qualquer produção de conhecimento voltado à formação profissional para atuação na saúde, mas é marcada pela confusão no uso de termos que envolvem sua base teórica. Para preencher essa lacuna, esta pesquisa mapeou a produção científica sobre Educação na Saúde no Brasil entre 2010 a 2020, por meio de uma revisão bibliométrica com coleta em três bases de dados (Web of Science, MEDLINE e Scopus) e uso do software Bibliometrix. A análise demonstra um aumento de publicações sobre a temática da educação na saúde em território nacional no período descrito. Além disso, observa-se uma influência internacional nas citações da educação na saúde, com ausência de descritores específicos, uso inoportuno dos descritores mais convenientes e presença de redes de investigação. Os resultados obtidos criam uma estrutura de comparação segura para futuros estudos que analisem a evolução da educação na saúde no Brasil e a necessidade de criação de um descritor específico à temática no sistema DeCS/MeSH.

Resumen Antecedentes: La pandemia por COVID-19 ha cambiado la forma en que funcionan las organizaciones, obligando a optar por el teletrabajo como alternativa a la modalidad presencial. Este fenómeno ha mostrado la importancia de estudiar los riesgos psicosociales vinculados al uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC), como el tecnoestrés. Este estudio tiene como objetivo proporcionar evidencia de validez de la Technostress Creators Scale en España y analizar su invariancia en términos de género. Método: Analizamos propiedades psicométricas de la escala, solución factorial e invariancia de género en una muestra de 931 empleados de España. Resultados: El Análisis Factorial Exploratorio (AFE) de la versión en español mantuvo los cinco factores de la versión original: tecno-sobrecarga, tecno-invasión, tecno-complejidad, tecno-inseguridad y tecno-incertidumbre. Asimismo, las dimensiones demostraron una adecuada fiabilidad. En cuanto a los resultados del Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (AFC), la estructura de cinco factores de la versión en inglés fue replicada. Por otra parte, el análisis de la invarianza de género arrojó diferencias entre los grupos. Conclusiones: La escala resultante cuenta con 18 ítems, siendo más corta que la versión original. En la discusión se detallan las implicaciones y limitaciones de la validación en español de este instrumento.

Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the way organizations operate, forcing many of them to opt for remote-working as an alternative to the face-to-face mode. This global phenomenon has increased the importance of studying the psychosocial risks linked to the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), such as technostress. This study aims to provide validity evidence for the Technostress Creators Scale in Spain and to test its measurement invariance in terms of gender. Method: We analyzed the psychometric properties of the scale, its factor solution, and gender invariance in a sample of 931 employees from Spain. Results: The Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) showed that the Spanish version maintained the five factors from the original version: techno-overload, techno-invasion, techno-complexity, techno-insecurity, and techno-uncertainty. The instrument demonstrated adequate reliability. The results of the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) also replicated the five-factor structure of the English version. Additionally, measurement invariance tests indicated differences between genders. Conclusions: The resulting Spanish scale has 18 items, which is shorter than the original version. The implications and limitations of the Spanish version of the instrument are detailed in the discussion.

ABSTRACT: Bacillus cereus is a Gram-positive bacterium commonly reported in soils and plants that occupy various ecological habitats, and the main source of contamination for cattle is silage. This report described a case of fetal loss associated with B. cereus infection in a cow. An 8-month-old, Nelore female bovine fetus from a beef farm was submitted for necropsy. A gross examination revealed fibrinous pleuropneumonia and fibrin exudation on the liver surface. The morphological diagnosis was restricted to the lungs and liver. In the lungs there was fibrinosuppurative pleuropneumonia associated with numerous aggregates of rod-shaped bacteria. In the liver there was moderate focally extensive fibrinous peri hepatitis.The lungs, liver, thoracic, and abomasal fluid cultures yielded pure cultures of B. cereus, indicating that these bacteria should be recognized as a cause of bovine abortion in fetuses that macroscopically present fibrin in the abdominal and thoracic cavity.

RESUMO: Bacillus cereus é uma bactéria Gram-positiva, comumente encontrada em solos e plantas que ocupam diversos habitats ecológicos sendo a silagem a principal fonte de contaminação para bovinos. Este relato descreve um caso de perda fetal associada à infecção por B. cereus em uma vaca. Um feto bovino fêmea da raça Nelore, de oito meses de idade, procedente de uma fazenda de corte, foi submetido à necropsia. Ao exame macroscópico observou-se pleuropneumonia fibrinosa e exsudação de fibrina na superfície do fígado. Histologicamente, as lesões estavam restritas aos pulmões e fígado. Nos pulmões havia pleuropneumonia fibrinosupurativa associado a numerosos agregados de bactérias em forma de bastonete. No fígado haviaperi hepatitefibrinosa focalmente extensa moderada. As culturas de pulmão, fígado, líquido torácico e abomasal produziram cultura pura de B. cereus indicando que esta bactéria deve ser reconhecida como causa de aborto bovino em fetos que apresentem macroscopicamente fibrina nas cavidades abdominal e torácica.

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify scientific evidence of LED photobiomodulation in the treatment and tissue repair of chronic wounds in people with Diabetes Mellitus, types I and II. Method: Systematic review conducted from September/2021 to April/2022 in PubMed, LILACS, SCIELO, COHRANE, EMBASE and Web of Science. Randomized and observational clinical trials using LED in wound healing in diabetics, published between 2015 and 2022 were included. Data were descriptively analyzed with title/abstract screening, full text articles reading and definitive selection after meeting the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Fromthe total of 840 references, eight articles were selected, that evaluated the effectiveness of LED phototherapy in wounds of diabetic patients. Conclusion: LED light proved to be beneficial in tissue repair, with increased production in collagen and fibroblasts, angiogenesis, reduction of inflammation and, consequently, a decrease in lesion size.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar evidencias científicas de fotobiomodulación con LED en el tratamiento y reparación de tejidos de heridas crónicas en personas con Diabetes Mellitus, tipos I y II. Método: Revisión sistemática realizada de septiembre/2021 a abril/2022 en PubMed, LILACS, SCIELO, COHRANE, EMBASE y Web of Science. Se incluyeron ensayos clínicos aleatorizados y observacionales con uso de LED en la cicatrización de heridas en diabéticos, publicados entre 2015 y 2022. Los datos fueron analizados descriptivamente con selección de título/resumen, lectura de artículos a texto completo y selección definitiva después de cumplir con la inclusión e inclusiones ex - predefinidas. Resultados: Del total de 840 referencias encontradas, se seleccionaron ocho artículos que evaluaron la efectividad de la fototerapia LED en heridas de pacientes diabéticos. Conclusión: La luz LED demostró ser beneficiosa en la reparación de tejidos, con aumento de la producción de colágeno y fibroblastos, angiogénesis, reducción de la inflamación y, en consecuencia, disminución del tamaño de la lesión.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar evidências científicas da fotobiomodulação com LED no tratamento e reparo tecidual em feridas crônicas de pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus, tipo I e II. Método: Revisão sistemática realizada de setembro/2021 a abril/2022 na PubMed, LILACS, SCIELO, COHRANE, EMBASE e Web of Science. Incluídos ensaios clínicos randomizados e observacionais utilizando LED na cicatrização de feridas em diabéticos, publicados entre 2015 a 2022. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente com triagem de título/resumo, leitura dos artigos em texto completo e seleção definitiva após atender aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão pré-definidos. Resultados: Do total de 840 referências encontradas, foram selecionados oito artigos que avaliaram a eficácia da fototerapia LED em feridas de pacientes diabéticos. Conclusão: A luz LED mostrou-se benéfica no reparo tecidual, com aumento na produção de colágeno e fibroblastos, angiogênese, redução da inflamação e consequentemente, diminuição no tamanho da lesão.

Abstract The present study aims to describe the implementation of a methodology for evaluating journal subscriptions/renewals for the Unicamp Library System. The methodology created comprises the use of three fundamental indicators — usage statistics, cost-per-access ratio and technical opinion on the relevance of the contents, which support the decision making about whether or not to maintain a certain journal title or whether It is more advantageous to obtain articles individually from these journals through international agreements between libraries. The results achieved allowed the rationalization of financial resources in acquisitions and renewals of electronic information sources, without losing sight of the quality of teaching, research and extension activities at the University.

Resumo O presente estudo tem como objetivo descrever a implantação de uma metodologia de avaliação das assinaturas/renovações de periódicos aplicada no Sistema de Bibliotecas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas. A metodologia criada compreende a utilização de três indicadores fundamentais - estatística de uso, relação custo por acesso e relevância dos conteúdos, os quais subsidiam a tomada de decisão sobre a manutenção, ou não, de um determinado título de periódico ou se é mais vantajosa a obtenção individual de artigos desses periódicos por meio de convênios internacionais entre bibliotecas. Os resultados alcançados permitiram a racionalização de recursos financeiros em aquisições e renovações das assinaturas de fontes de informação eletrônicas, - sem que se perdesse de vista a qualidade das atividades de ensino, pesquisa e extensão na Universidade.

Abstract: Based on the contributions of Peruvian theorist and critic Antonio Cornejo Polar on narrative heterogeneity, this paper proposes an interpretation of Valeria Luiselli’s most recent novel, Desierto sonoro (2019). In this text I postulate that, without undermining the explicit sources to which the novel alludes and recovers, it is possible to link it to a deeply rooted narrative tradition in Latin America: that which represents sociocultural otherness. The tensions between the fiction referent (the Chiricahua tribes of the 19th century and the children who cross the border into the United States in the 21st century) and the narrative perspectives that present the events involve different displacements (of characters, knowledge, diegetic levels, and narrative points of view) oriented to the representation of a harmonious encounter between two opposing sociocultural groups.

Resumen: Con base en los aportes del teórico y crítico peruano Antonio Cornejo Polar sobre la heterogeneidad narrativa, este artículo propone una interpretación de la más reciente novela de Valeria Luiselli, Desierto sonoro (2019). Postulo que, sin menoscabo de las fuentes explícitas a las que la obra alude y recupera, es posible vincularla con una tradición narrativa de profundo arraigo en América Latina: aquella que representa la alteridad sociocultural. Las tensiones entre el referente (las tribus chiricahuas del siglo XIX y los niños que cruzan la frontera hacia Estados Unidos, en pleno siglo XXI( y las perspectivas narrativas que presentan los acontecimientos conllevan una serie de desplazamientos (de personajes, saberes, niveles diegéticos y puntos de vista) orientados a la figuración de un encuentro armónico entre grupos socioculturales distintos.

ABSTRACT Objective: Binge eating disorder (BED) is the most prevalent eating disorder in individuals with obesity. Its association with factors that control hunger and satiety has not yet been elucidated. We evaluated whether levels of inflammatory markers, frequency of psychiatric comorbidities, and appetite-related hormones levels differ between individuals with obesity with and without BED. Materials and methods: The Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 – Clinician Version (SCID-5-CV), Binge Eating Scale, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were evaluated in 39 individuals with obesity. Plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), leptin, ghrelin, and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) were measured. Results: Individuals of the BED group exhibited significantly higher percentages of altered eating patterns (hyperphagia, bingeing, post-dinner eating, feeling “stuffed”, and emotional eating), higher depressive symptom scores and levels of leptin, CRP, and TNF-α, compared to those from the non-BED group. Logistic regression showed that BED was independently associated with depressive symptoms and CRP levels. Conclusions: Individuals with obesity and BED showed greater psychiatric comorbidity, worse eating patterns and worse inflammatory profile than those without BED. BED should be assessed as an indicator of clinical severity in patients with obesity.

Abstract This research aims to describe the different methodologies that have been developed for the conservation of two fruits (Physalis peruviana L. and Spondia purpurea) present in the Ecuadorian highlands, as well as in other American countries. Information has been collected regarding the development of alternative and efficient technologies for the conservation of these fruits and their bioactive compounds. The studies performed to date are associated with the effect that the different conservation methods have shown in the post-harvest behavior (color, antioxidant potential, polyphenols, etc.) of the fruits, as well as its characterization in different maturation stages (soluble solids, acidity, pH, etc.). The contrast and comparison of this information will support choosing the most appropriate methodology according to the objectives to be achieved and the available resources. The research concludes that the knowledge about the healthy components in fruits increase their consumption and therefore motivates, the research to preserve these components for a longer time, reducing costs and waste.

Abstract The present study aimed to increase knowledge about the diversity and factors that determine the distribution of galling insects in the Parque Nacional do Itatiaia (PNI), Southeast, Brazil. For this, collections were performed in April, August and November 2015 and March 2016. Seventy gall morphotypes were found in 12 families, 32 genera and 61 species of host plants. The richness of galls did not vary with altitude, but increased with the richness of plants. The families and genera of plants with greater species richness harbored a greater number of galling insects. The number of gall morphotypes was higher in the autumn than in the other seasons. The spatial distribution of galling insects was better explained by factors such as floristic richness and species composition than by ecological effects, represented here by altitude. Regarding seasonality, the results indicate that the way resources are temporarily distributed to galling insects depends on factors such as the active growth of host plants, making some periods of the year more conducive to the development of galls.

Resumo: Introdução: Pesquisas recentes têm se dedicado a analisar os projetos pedagógicos dos cursos (PPC) de Medicina e o grau de alinhamento deles ao que determina a legislação brasileira para abertura e funcionamento dos cursos no país. No entanto, não há estudos de abrangência nacional que tenham investigado se os PPC de Medicina estão em conformidade com a legislação brasileira vigente. Objetivo: Neste estudo, buscou-se analisar a aderência dos PPC de Medicina no Brasil às Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN) do ensino médico e ao Programa Mais Médicos para o Brasil (PMM). Método: Para alcançar esse objetivo, coletaram-se 157 PPC de Medicina no Brasil que foram categorizados em uma escala Likert de aderência, que varia de não aderente (1) a fortemente aderente (5), a partir de três dimensões de análise: aspectos norteadores de formação, aspectos curriculares, aspectos ensino-serviço. Posteriormente, por meio da análise de componentes principais, criou-se o Índice Sintético de Aderência dos PPC. Com o banco de dados criado, aplicaram-se estatísticas descritivas e gráficos relacionais para descrever a situação no Brasil. Resultado: Os resultados demonstram o seguinte: 1. a Região Centro-Oeste obteve a melhor performance nas três dimensões analisadas; 2. as instituições públicas (39% do total) têm maior aderência dos PPC aos parâmetros normativos analisados; e 3. a dimensão ensino-serviço aponta maior variação entre os tipos de administração das instituições, com menor aderência das instituições privadas. Conclusão: Este trabalho acende um alerta em relação à adequação dos cursos de Medicina das instituições privadas aos parâmetros normativos e legais exigidos para a formação médica no Brasil. Além disso, contribui para a literatura ao apresentar um modelo de avaliação de PPC por meio do Índice Sintético de Aderência dos PPC como sugestão para trabalhos futuros.

Abstract: Introduction: Recent studies have been dedicated to analyzing the PPCs of the medical course and their degree of alignment with what is determined by the Brazilian legislation for the opening and operation of the course in the country. However, there are no nationwide studies that have investigated whether the pedagogical projects for the medical courses are in compliance with current Brazilian legislation. Objective: In this study, we analyzed the adherence of the Pedagogical Course Projects (PPCs) of medical schools in Brazil based on the National Curriculum Guidelines (DCNs, Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais) of medical education and the “Mais Médicos” Program (PMM, Programa Mais Médicos) for Brazil. Method: To achieve this objective, we collected 157 PPCs from medical courses in Brazil and categorized them in a Likert Scale of adherence, ranging from non-adherent (1) to strongly adherent (5), based on three dimensions of analysis: guiding aspects of training, curricular aspects, teaching-service aspects. Subsequently, using the Principal Component Analysis, we created the PPC Adherence Synthetic Index. After the database was created, descriptive statistics and relational graphs were applied to describe the situation in Brazil. Results: The results show that: I) the Midwest region is the one with the best performance in the three analyzed dimensions; II) public institutions (39% of the total) have greater adherence of PPCs to the analyzed normative parameters; and III) the teaching-service dimension shows greater variation between the types of institution administration, with less adherence by private institutions. Conclusions: Therefore, ultimately, this study raises an alert regarding the adequacy of medical courses in private institutions to the normative and legal parameters required for medical training in Brazil. In addition, it contributes to the literature by presenting an evaluation model for pedagogical course projects through the Synthetic Index of Adherence of PPCs as a suggestion for future studies.

RESUMO Objetivo descrever a elaboração de um objeto virtual de aprendizagem para o ensino da disciplina de história da enfermagem. Método descritivo, exploratório de relato de experiência sobre a construção do objeto de aprendizagem como metodologia ativa em aulas remotas da disciplina História da Enfermagem utilizando o modelo ADDIE, Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation e Evaluation no design instrucional. A disciplina ocorreu de dezembro de 2020 a março de 2021 em Macaé-RJ - Brasil. Resultados foram 30 horas, em 10 encontros síncronos e nove atividades assíncronas, participaram 26 estudantes pela plataforma MOODLE além de outras estratégias pedagógicas. Desafios foram principalmente de cunho motivacional, a interação discente com as plataformas demonstrou comprometimento e interesse, além destas terem sido fundamentais para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem ser dinâmico e prazeroso. Conclusão a construção de Objeto Virtual de Aprendizagem foi uma estratégia que auxiliou na melhora do rendimento discente além de promover uma inovação nos métodos pedagógicos docentes.

ABSTRACT Objective to describe the elaboration of a virtual learning object to teach the Nursing History academic discipline. Method a descriptive and exploratory study of the experience report type about the elaboration of a learning object as an active methodology in remote classes of the Nursing History academic discipline using the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation (ADDIE) model of instructional design. The academic discipline was taught from December 2020 to March 2021 in Macaé, RJ, Brazil. Results the discipline had an hour load of 30 hours, distributed in 10 synchronous meetings and nine asynchronous activities, with the participation of 26 students through the MOODLE platform, in addition to other pedagogical strategies. The challenges were mainly of a motivational nature and the students’ interaction with the platforms showed commitment and interest; moreover, they were fundamental to turning learning-teaching into a dynamic and pleasant process. Conclusion elaboration of the Virtual Learning Object was a strategy that assisted in improving the students’ performance, in addition to promoting innovation in the teachers’ pedagogical methods.

RESUMEN Objetivo describir la elaboración de un objeto virtual de aprendizaje para enseñar la asignatura académica de Historia de la Enfermería. Método informe de experiencia descriptivo y exploratorio sobre la elaboración del objeto de aprendizaje como metodología activa en clases a distancia de la asignatura Historia de la Enfermería utilizando el modelo ADDIE (Análisis, Diseño, Desarrollo, Implementación y Evaluación) en el diseño instruccional. La asignatura se dictó entre diciembre de 2020 y marzo de 2021 en Macaé, RJ, Brasil. Resultados tuvo una carga horaria de 30 horas, distribuidas en 10 encuentros sincrónicos y nueve actividades asincrónicas, con la participación de 26 estudiantes a través de la plataforma MOODLE, además de otras estrategias pedagógicas. Los desafíos fueron principalmente de carácter motivacional y la interacción de los estudiantes con las plataformas demostró compromiso e interés, además de ser fundamental para que el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje sea dinámico y ameno. Conclusión elaborar el Objeto Virtual de Aprendizaje representó una estrategia que contribuyó a mejorar el rendimiento de los estudiantes, además de promover la innovación en los métodos pedagógicos de los profesores.

Abstract Nephrotic syndrome is the most common primary glomerulopathy in pediatrics; it is a pathology characterized by the presence of proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema, and hypercholesterolemia. There is talk of a neonate with a history of prematurity and hospitalization at birth, after multiple infections recurrent with torpid evolution during hospital stay and edema generalized, suspected of having congenital nephrotic syndrome, relying on positive paraclinical results and a renal biopsy that reports minimal change disease. Congenital nephrotic syndrome is a rare entity; However, presents high morbidity and mortality, as well as various forms of clinical and histological, and its management is usually difficult given the low response to corticosteroids. The presence of congenital nephrotic syndrome is unusual; however, it presents high mortality and leaves many sequelae, with chronic kidney disease being the most feared. So, it is important to suspect in newborns with infections recurrent associated with the presence of generalized edema to initiate management early that can help prevent consequences and improve the quality of life of the patient and his family. .

Resumen El síndrome nefrótico es la glomerulopatía primaria más frecuente en pediatría; es una patología que se caracteriza por la presencia de proteinuria, hipoalbuminemia, edema e hipercolesterolemia. Se habla de un neonato con antecedentes de prematuridad y hospitalización al nacer, posterior a múltiples infecciones recurrentes con evolución tórpida durante estancia hospitalaria y edema generalizado, de quien se sospecha tener síndrome nefrótico congénito, apoyándose en resultados paraclínicos positivos y una biopsia renal que reporte enfermedad de cambios mínimos. El síndrome nefrótico congénito es una entidad poco frecuente; sin embargo, presenta alta morbimortalidad, así como diversas formas de presentación clínica e histológica, y su manejo suele ser difícil dada la baja respuesta a corticoides. La presencia del síndrome nefrótico congénito es inusual, no obstante, presenta alta mortalidad y deja muchas secuelas, siendo la enfermedad renal crónica la más temida. Así que resulta importante sospechar en recién nacidos con infecciones recurrentes asociadas a presencia de edema generalizado para iniciar un manejo precoz que pueda ayudar a evitar consecuencias y mejorar la calidad de vida del paciente y su familia.

Abstract The rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2, the caus ative agent of the emergent pandemic disease COVID-19, requires the urgent commitment of the immunology community to understand the adaptive immune response developed by COVID-19 convalescent patients and individuals vaccinated with different strategies and schemes, with the ultimate goal of implementing and optimizing health care and prevention policies. Currently, assessment of SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity is mainly focused on the measurement of the antibody titers and analysis of their neutralizing capacity. However, a considerable proportion of individuals lack humoral responses or show a progressive decline of SARS-CoV-2-specific neutral izing antibodies. In order to study the cellular response of convalescent patients and vaccinated individuals, we have developed the ‘COVID-T Platform’, an optimized strategy to study SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses. This platform allows assessment of the nature, magnitude and persistence of antigen-specific T-cell immunity in COVID-19-convalescent patients and vaccinated individuals. Moreover, it gives the opportunity to study cellular responses against emerging coronavirus variants and to identify individuals with cross-reactive immunity against seasonal coronaviruses.

Resumen La rápida propagación del coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, agente causal de la enfermedad pandémica emergente COVID-19 y sus nuevas variantes, requiere del compromiso de la comunidad inmunológica para comprender la magnitud y naturaleza de la respuesta inmunológica adaptativa desarrollada por pacientes recuperados de COVID-19 e individuos vacunados con diferentes estrategias y protocolos, a los fines de imple mentar nuevas políticas sanitarias. En la actualidad, la determinación de la inmunidad contra SARS-CoV-2 se basa principalmente en la detección de anticuerpos específicos y la determinación de su actividad neutralizante. Sin embargo, a pesar de la alta sensibilidad de estos ensayos, un número considerable de pacientes e indivi duos vacunados carecen de respuesta humoral detectable, o evidencian una disminución rápida de la misma en el tiempo. Con el objetivo de estudiar la respuesta inmune celular desencadenada frente a SARS-CoV-2, en nuestro laboratorio desarrollamos la “Plataforma COVID-T” estrategia integral optimizada dirigida a caracte rizar y monitorear la respuesta de linfocitos T específicos de SARS-CoV-2 a partir de muestras de sangre de individuos vacunados y/o recuperados de COVID-19. Esta plataforma permite evaluar la naturaleza, magnitud y persistencia de la inmunidad celular T generada tanto por la infección con SARS-CoV-2, como por distintos esquemas y protocolos de vacunación en diferentes poblaciones de individuos. Asimismo, permite evaluar la respuesta inmunológica T generada frente a nuevas variantes del virus e identificar individuos sanos resistentes a SARS-CoV-2 con inmunidad pre-existente hacia coronavirus estacionales.