ABSTRACT Introduction: Surface treatment is an important technique to increase adhesion between implants and bones, improving its mechanical characteristics and consequently the patient’s comfort. Objectives: Ni-Cr alloys were the object of study in this work, with the purpose of analyzing and evaluating the effect of thin films deposition of titanium nitride via plasma, on its surface and comparing with cathodic cage (CC) and hollow cathode (HC) methods, for dental applications. Methods: Eighteen samples were prepared and the experiment was conducted in two steps: the pre-sputtering (1h, 350 °C, gases: Ar and H) and sputtering (4h, 450 °C, gases: Ar, Ni, and H). To characterize and compare the samples with those of reference, the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Vickers Microhardness and wettability tests were used. Results: The results presented by SEM showed that during the surface treatment using CC, voids were formed, and using HC, the samples showed a more homogenous behavior. In microhardness tests, using a 25gf load, it was possible to observe that the HC method allowed an increase of 87% when compared to the reference and treated samples. Significance: Lastly, it can be concluded that both methods are suitable for Ni-Cr alloy surface treatment, and the HC technique, a method already used by dental professionals, presents better results due to the formation of a thicker film layer.

Abstract Background Vascular diseases are associated with significant sequelae and clinical repercussions for the lives of affected patients, which are more serious among the elderly. The consequences of vascular disease, such as limb loss, chronic pain, prolonged hospitalization, and polypharmacy, reduce these patients’ autonomy and independence, influencing their wellbeing and quality of life. Objectives To determine the prevalence of depression and assess functional capacity in patients with vascular diseases admitted to a Vascular Surgery Service. Methods This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study, carried out at the Vascular Surgery Service of a tertiary hospital with a non-random sample of patients selected consecutively. The geriatric depression scale short form (GDS-15) was used to assess depression and the Katz scale was used for functional assessment. Results The prevalence of depression in these patients was 60.6%. Associations were observed between depression and consultation with a family doctor in the last 12 months, alcoholism, claudication, diabetes, and individuals who had had an amputation. Individuals’ Katz index functional capacity scores were significantly associated with sociodemographic variables, conditions related to vascular disease, and hospitalization. Conclusions There was a high prevalence of depression in patients with vascular diseases admitted to a vascular surgery service and important reductions in functional capacity in some groups, such as individuals with low educational levels, those who had chronic pain in the lower limbs, patients with diabetes, and those who had had an amputation.

Resumo Contexto As doenças vasculares estão associadas a importantes sequelas e repercussões clínicas nas vidas dos pacientes acometidos e, em maior relevância, entre os idosos. Consequências da doença vascular como a perda de um membro, dor crônica, internamentos prolongados e a polifarmácia geram, nesses pacientes, perda de autonomia e um grau de dependência, que vão influenciar o bem-estar e a qualidade de vida. Objetivos Determinar a ocorrência de depressão e avaliar a capacidade funcional em pacientes com doenças vasculares internados em um serviço de cirurgia vascular. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo observacional, transversal, prospectivo, realizado no serviço de cirurgia vascular de um hospital terciário, com uma amostra não aleatória selecionada de forma consecutiva. Para avaliar a depressão, foi utilizada a escala de depressão geriátrica resumida e, para a avaliação funcional do indivíduo, foi utilizada a escala de Katz. Resultados A prevalência de depressão nesses pacientes foi de 60,6%. Foi observada associação entre depressão e: consulta com médico do Programa de Estratégia de Saúde da Família nos últimos 12 meses, etilismo, claudicação, diabetes e indivíduos que sofreram amputação. Já em relação à capacidade funcional do indivíduo avaliado através do índice de Katz, ocorreram associações significativas entre variáveis sociodemográficas, condições relacionadas a doença vascular e internamento. Conclusões Existem uma alta prevalência de depressão em pacientes com doenças vasculares internados em um serviço de cirurgia vascular e uma redução importante da capacidade funcional em alguns grupos, como os indivíduos de baixa escolaridade, os que sentiam dor crônica nos membros inferiores, os diabéticos e aqueles que sofreram amputação.

Molecular biomarkers correspond to all endogenous or exogenous biomolecules, whose presence or alteration in metabolic pathways indicate the response of a biological system to a disturbance caused by internal or external factors. The search for biomarkers has allowed deepening the knowledge of complex pathophysiological mechanisms of diseases, interactions with potential drugs, and the improvement of diagnostic and therapeutic tests, establishing itself as a central point in personalized medicine. In addition, the development of the omics sciences has fostered an increasing exploration in this field of research. This review presents essential and relevant concepts in biomarker research, explores the various definitions and classifications of biomarkers according to their purpose, the critical aspects to be considered in experimental design, the primary employed study models (in vivo, in vitro, and in silico) and the factors that have hindered their ultimate implementation. Finally, important, and current clinical and pharmacological research areas in which biomarker research play a central role are presented.

ABSTRACT Background: The epidemic curve has been obtained based on the 7-day moving average of the events. Although it facilitates the visualization of discrete variables, it does not allow the calculation of the absolute variation rate. Recently, we demonstrated that the polynomial interpolation method can be used to accurately calculate the daily acceleration of cases and deaths due to COVID-19. This study aimed to measure the diversity of epidemic curves and understand the importance of socioeconomic variables in the acceleration, peak cases, and deaths due to COVID-19 in Brazilian states. Methods: Epidemiological data for COVID-19 from federative units in Brazil were obtained from the Ministry of Health’s website from February 25 to July 11, 2020. Socioeconomic data were obtained from the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (https://www.ibge.gov.br/). Using the polynomial interpolation methods, daily cases, deaths and acceleration were calculated. Moreover, the correlation coefficient between the epidemic curve data and socioeconomic data was determined. Results: The combination of daily data and case acceleration determined that Brazilian states were in different stages of the epidemic. Maximum case acceleration, peak of cases, maximum death acceleration, and peak of deaths were associated with the Gini index of the gross domestic product of Brazilian states and population density but did not correlate with the per capita gross domestic product of Brazilian states. Conclusions: Brazilian states showed heterogeneous data curves. Population density and socioeconomic inequality were correlated with a more rapid exponential growth in new cases and deaths.

resumo: Neste artigo foi realizada análise de confiabilidade referente às respostas dinâmicas de deslocamentos e acelerações nas direções x e y no topo do CAARC standard tall building, determinadas com a técnica numérica-experimental High Frequency Pressure Integration (HFPI). A edificação foi estudada em distintos ângulos, submetida à carga dinâmica de vento, isoladamente e com existência de diferentes vizinhanças. Foram apresentadas curvas de tendências e suas equações para índices de confiabilidade e respostas de máximos, em relação às direções adotadas ao CAARC. Com os resultados encontrados observou-se que a existência de vizinhança afeta as respostas de máximos e os índices de confiabilidade, tanto para aumento quanto para redução em comparação com a edificação isolada, a depender da situação e do tipo de resposta dinâmica.

abstract: In this paper a reliability analysis was carried out, regarding the dynamic responses of displacements and accelerations in the x and y directions at the top of CAARC standard tall building, determined by the numerical-experimental High Frequency Pressure Integration technique (HFPI). The building was studied on distinct angles, subjected to dynamic wind load, isolated and with the presence of different neighbors. Tendency curves and its equations for reliability indices and maximum responses, in relation to the directions adopted to the CAARC, were presented. With the results found, it was noticed that the existence of neighborhood affects the responses of maximums and the reliability indexes, both for increase and decrease compared to the isolated building, depending on the situation and the type of dynamic response.

Abstract Peripheral facial paralysis (PFP) has been shown to be a neurological manifestation of COVID-19. The current study presents two cases of PFP after COVID-19, along with a rapid review of known cases in the literature. Both case reports were conducted following CARE guidelines. We also performed a systematic review of PFP cases temporally related to COVID-19 using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases on August 30, 2021, using a rapid review methodology. The two patients experienced PFP 102 and 110 days after COVID-19 symptom onset. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in nasal samples through reverse-transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) testing. Anosmia was the only other neurological manifestation. PFP was treated with steroids in both cases, with complete subsequent recovery. In the rapid review, we identified 764 articles and included 43 studies. From those, 128 patients with PFP were analyzed, of whom 42.1% (54/128) were male, 39.06% (50/128) female, and in 23 cases the gender was not reported. The age range was 18 to 59 (54.68%). The median time between COVID-19 and PFP was three days (ranging from the first symptom of COVID-19 to 40 days after the acute phase of infection). Late PFP associated with COVID-19 presents mild symptoms and improves with time, with no identified predictors. Late PFP should be added to the spectrum of neurological manifestations associated with the long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection as a post COVID-19 condition.

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar o conhecimento da população sobre o glaucoma. Métodos Foi realizado um estudo transversal, descritivo, não controlado, cujo instrumento de coleta de dados foi um questionário contendo perguntas sobre o perfil sociodemográfico e o glaucoma, aplicado em indivíduos, antes e depois da apresentação de vídeo educacional sobre o glaucoma, em Fortaleza (CE), que decidiram participar espontaneamente de uma campanha de prevenção ao glaucoma. Resultados Foram coletados 153 questionários, dentre os quais 130 foram considerados elegíveis, incluindo 65 antes da realização de vídeo educativo e 65 após. Antes e após o vídeo educativo, 80% e 7%, respectivamente, acreditavam que glaucoma não era mais comum em afro-americanos. As questões abordadas eram semelhantes a outras consolidadas na literatura, com o intuito de avaliar o grau de conhecimento dos participantes. Conclusão Foi possível observar um aumento no número de acertos após apresentação de material educativo.

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the population awareness of glaucoma. Methods A cross-sectional, descriptive, non-controlled study, using a questionnaire to collect data. The questions addressed sociodemographic profile and glaucoma, and were asked to individuals, before and after the presentation of an educational video on glaucoma. It was conducted in the city of Fortaleza (CE) and the respondents spontaneously decided to participate in a glaucoma prevention campaign. Results A total of 153 questionnaires were collected; in that, 130 were considered eligible, including 65 answered before and 65 after the presentation of the educational video. Before and after the educational video, 80% and 7%, respectively, believed glaucoma was not more common in African Americans. The questions addressed were similar to others already consolidated in the literature, aiming to assess level of knowledge of participants. Conclusion An increase in number of correct answers was observed after presentation of the educational material.

RESUMO A diagnose das bacterioses causadoras de manchas foliares na cultura do cafeeiro (Coffea arabica), mancha aureolada (Pseudomonas syringae pv. garcae), mancha bacteriana (P. syringae pv. tabaci), crestamento bacteriano (P. cichorii) e mancha escura (Robbsia andropogonis) é considerada um desafio para os fitopatologistas. A identificação incorreta pode ocorrer quando o diagnóstico é baseado exclusivamente em sintomas e propriedades bioquímicas. Assim, o objetivo com este estudo foi identificar e diferenciar as espécies e patovares de Pseudomonas patogênicos ao cafeeiro, possibilitando um levantamento da ocorrência dessas bactérias nas principais regiões produtoras de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Primeiramente, a patogenicidade dos isolados foi confirmada por inoculação em C. arabica cv. Catuaí Vermelho IAC 99. Em seguida, análises bioquímicas, combinadas com PCR convencional, reação em cadeia de polimerase de elemento repetitivo (rep-PCR) e filogenia baseada em sequências do gene rpoD, foram usadas para caracterizar 84 isolados de Pseudomonas de lavouras de café e viveiros em Minas Gerais. Com base na filogenia do gene rpoD, 73 isolados foram identificados como P. syringae pv. garcae, cinco como P. syringae pv. tabaci e seis como P. cichorii. Os resultados de rep-PCR sugerem alta variabilidade genérica nas populações de Pseudomonas syringae pv. garcae e P. cichorii. Este é o primeiro relato da ocorrência de mancha foliar bacteriana (P. syringae pv. tabaci) em campo de produção de café no Estado de Minas Gerais. Os resultados confirmaram a prevalência de P. syringae pv. garcae em lavouras de café no Estado e o conhecimento gerado contribuirá para o desenvolvimento de primers espécie-específicos para identificação e detecção deste patógeno.

ABSTRACT The diagnosis of foliar bacterial diseases in coffee (Coffea arabica), such as halo blight (Pseudomonas syringae pv. garcae), bacterial leaf spot (P. syringae pv. tabaci), bacterial blight (P. cichorii), and dark leaf spot (Robbsia andropogonis), is considered a challenge for plant pathologists. The misidentification has been occurring when the diagnosis is solely based on symptoms and biochemical properties. Thus, the objective of this study was to identify and differentiate species and pathovars of Pseudomonas pathogenic to coffee plants, enabling a survey of the occurrence of these bacteria in the main producing regions of Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Firstly, the pathogenicity of the isolates was confirmed by inoculation in C. arabica cv. Catuaí Vermelho IAC 99. Then, biochemical analyses, combined with, repetitive element-polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR) and phylogeny based on rpoD gene sequences were used to characterize 84 Pseudomonas isolates from coffee crops and nurseries. Based on rpoD-phylogeny, 73 isolates were identified as P. syringae pv. garcae, five as P. syringae pv. tabaci and six as P. cichorii. The rep-PCR results suggest a high genetic variability in populations of Pseudomonas syringae pv. garcae and P. cichorii. This is the first report of the occurrence of bacterial leaf spot (P. syringae pv. tabaci) in the coffee-producing filed in Minas Gerais State. The findings confirmed the prevalence of P. syringae pv. garcae in coffee production fields in the State and the generated knowledge will contribute for the development of species-specific primers for the identification and detection of this pathogen.

Objective: To evaluate the presence of flu-like syndrome suggestive of COVID-19 in men who have sex with men (MSM) and engaged in casual sex during a period of social isolation. Method: National epidemiological survey, applied in April and May 2020, by adaptation of Respondent Drive Sampling. Results: 1,337 MSM participated in the survey, of which 514 (38.4%) had fever associated with another sign or symptom of flu-like syndrome. Social, demographic characteristics, sexual practices and activities during the period of social isolation were statistically associated with the presence of flu-like syndrome. There was a statistical difference (p lt; 0.001) in the average of partners between those who had signs and symptoms of flu-like syndrome (3.5) and those who did not (1.7). Conclusion: Evidence of signs and symptoms indicative of flu-like syndrome suggestive of COVID 19 in Brazilian MSM who were involved in casual sex during the period of social isolation.  

Objetivo: Evaluar la presencia de síndrome gripal sospecha de COVID-19 en hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH) y se envolvieron en sexo con pareja ocasional durante distanciamiento social. Método: Averiguación epidemiológica, de abarcamiento nacional, aplicado en abril y mayo de 2020, por adaptación del Respondent Drive Sampling. Resultados: 1.337 HSHs participaron de la investigación, de los cuales 514 (38,4%) tuvieron fiebre relacionada a otra señal o síntoma de síndrome gripal. Características sociales, demográficas, prácticas y actividades sexuales durante el distanciamiento social han estáticamente relacionadas a la presencia de síndrome gripal. Hubo diferencia estadística (p lt; 0,001) en la media de parejas entre aquellos que tuvieron señales y síntomas de síndrome gripal (3,5) y aquellos que no los tuvieron (1,7). Conclusión: Se evidencia ocurrencia de señales y síntomas indicativos de síndrome gripal sugestivo de COVID-19 en HSHs brasileños que se envolvieron en sexo ocasional durante el período del distanciamiento social.

Objetivo: Avaliar a presença de síndrome gripal suspeita de COVID-19 em homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH) e se envolveram em sexo com parceiro casual durante período de distanciamento social. Método: Inquérito epidemiológico, de abrangência nacional, aplicado em abril e maio de 2020, por adaptação do Respondent Drive Sampling. Resultados: 1.337 HSHs participaram da pesquisa, dos quais 514 (38,4%) tiveram febre associada a outro sinal ou sintoma de síndrome gripal. Características sociais, demográficas, práticas e atividades sexuais durante o período de distanciamento social foram estaticamente associadas à presença de síndrome gripal. Houve diferença estatística (p lt; 0,001) na média de parceiros entre aqueles que tiveram sinais e sintomas de síndrome gripal (3,5) e aqueles que não os tiveram (1,7). Conclusão: Evidencia-se ocorrência de sinais e sintomas indicativos de síndrome gripal sugestiva de COVID‑19 em HSHs brasileiros que se envolveram em sexo casual durante o período do distanciamento social.

Abstract INTRODUCTION: The acceleration of new cases is important for the characterization and comparison of epidemic curves. The objective of this study was to quantify the acceleration of daily confirmed cases and death curves using the polynomial interpolation method. METHODS: Covid-19 epidemic curves from Brazil, Germany, the United States, and Russia were obtained. We calculated the instantaneous acceleration of the curve using the first derivative of the representative polynomial. RESULTS: The acceleration for all curves was obtained. CONCLUSIONS: Incorporating acceleration into an analysis of the Covid-19 time series may enable a better understanding of the epidemiological situation.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a presença de síndrome gripal suspeita de COVID-19 em homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH) e se envolveram em sexo com parceiro casual durante período de distanciamento social. Método: Inquérito epidemiológico, de abrangência nacional, aplicado em abril e maio de 2020, por adaptação do Respondent Drive Sampling. Resultados: 1.337 HSHs participaram da pesquisa, dos quais 514 (38,4%) tiveram febre associada a outro sinal ou sintoma de síndrome gripal. Características sociais, demográficas, práticas e atividades sexuais durante o período de distanciamento social foram estaticamente associadas à presença de síndrome gripal. Houve diferença estatística (p < 0,001) na média de parceiros entre aqueles que tiveram sinais e sintomas de síndrome gripal (3,5) e aqueles que não os tiveram (1,7). Conclusão: Evidencia-se ocorrência de sinais e sintomas indicativos de síndrome gripal sugestiva de COVID19 em HSHs brasileiros que se envolveram em sexo casual durante o período do distanciamento social.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the presence of flu-like syndrome suggestive of COVID-19 in men who have sex with men (MSM) and engaged in casual sex during a period of social isolation. Method: National epidemiological survey, applied in April and May 2020, by adaptation of Respondent Drive Sampling. Results: 1,337 MSM participated in the survey, of which 514 (38.4%) had fever associated with another sign or symptom of flu-like syndrome. Social, demographic characteristics, sexual practices and activities during the period of social isolation were statistically associated with the presence of flu-like syndrome. There was a statistical difference (p < 0.001) in the average of partners between those who had signs and symptoms of flu-like syndrome (3.5) and those who did not (1.7). Conclusion: Evidence of signs and symptoms indicative of flu-like syndrome suggestive of COVID 19 in Brazilian MSM who were involved in casual sex during the period of social isolation.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la presencia de síndrome gripal sospecha de COVID-19 en hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH) y se envolvieron en sexo con pareja ocasional durante distanciamiento social. Método: Averiguación epidemiológica, de abarcamiento nacional, aplicado en abril y mayo de 2020, por adaptación del Respondent Drive Sampling. Resultados: 1.337 HSHs participaron de la investigación, de los cuales 514 (38,4%) tuvieron fiebre relacionada a otra señal o síntoma de síndrome gripal. Características sociales, demográficas, prácticas y actividades sexuales durante el distanciamiento social han estáticamente relacionadas a la presencia de síndrome gripal. Hubo diferencia estadística (p < 0,001) en la media de parejas entre aquellos que tuvieron señales y síntomas de síndrome gripal (3,5) y aquellos que no los tuvieron (1,7). Conclusión: Se evidencia ocurrencia de señales y síntomas indicativos de síndrome gripal sugestivo de COVID-19 en HSHs brasileños que se envolvieron en sexo ocasional durante el período del distanciamiento social.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the presence of flu-like syndrome suggestive of COVID-19 in men who have sex with men (MSM) and engaged in casual sex during a period of social isolation. Method: National epidemiological survey, applied in April and May 2020, by adaptation of Respondent Drive Sampling. Results: 1,337 MSM participated in the survey, of which 514 (38.4%) had fever associated with another sign or symptom of flu-like syndrome. Social, demographic characteristics, sexual practices and activities during the period of social isolation were statistically associated with the presence of flu-like syndrome. There was a statistical difference (p < 0.001) in the average of partners between those who had signs and symptoms of flu-like syndrome (3.5) and those who did not (1.7). Conclusion: Evidence of signs and symptoms indicative of flu-like syndrome suggestive of COVID 19 in Brazilian MSM who were involved in casual sex during the period of social isolation.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la presencia de síndrome gripal sospecha de COVID-19 en hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH) y se envolvieron en sexo con pareja ocasional durante distanciamiento social. Método: Averiguación epidemiológica, de abarcamiento nacional, aplicado en abril y mayo de 2020, por adaptación del Respondent Drive Sampling. Resultados: 1.337 HSHs participaron de la investigación, de los cuales 514 (38,4%) tuvieron fiebre relacionada a otra señal o síntoma de síndrome gripal. Características sociales, demográficas, prácticas y actividades sexuales durante el distanciamiento social han estáticamente relacionadas a la presencia de síndrome gripal. Hubo diferencia estadística (p < 0,001) en la media de parejas entre aquellos que tuvieron señales y síntomas de síndrome gripal (3,5) y aquellos que no los tuvieron (1,7). Conclusión: Se evidencia ocurrencia de señales y síntomas indicativos de síndrome gripal sugestivo de COVID-19 en HSHs brasileños que se envolvieron en sexo ocasional durante el período del distanciamiento social.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a presença de síndrome gripal suspeita de COVID-19 em homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH) e se envolveram em sexo com parceiro casual durante período de distanciamento social. Método: Inquérito epidemiológico, de abrangência nacional, aplicado em abril e maio de 2020, por adaptação do Respondent Drive Sampling. Resultados: 1.337 HSHs participaram da pesquisa, dos quais 514 (38,4%) tiveram febre associada a outro sinal ou sintoma de síndrome gripal. Características sociais, demográficas, práticas e atividades sexuais durante o período de distanciamento social foram estaticamente associadas à presença de síndrome gripal. Houve diferença estatística (p < 0,001) na média de parceiros entre aqueles que tiveram sinais e sintomas de síndrome gripal (3,5) e aqueles que não os tiveram (1,7). Conclusão: Evidencia-se ocorrência de sinais e sintomas indicativos de síndrome gripal sugestiva de COVID19 em HSHs brasileiros que se envolveram em sexo casual durante o período do distanciamento social.

Resumo A torção anexial é caracterizada por rotação parcial ou completa do ligamento suspensor do ovário e seu pedículo vascular correspondente, resultando em comprometimento vascular que pode culminar em infarto hemorrágico e necrose tecidual do ovário e da tuba uterina. Diante da gama de diagnósticos diferenciais de dor pélvica aguda, o diagnóstico é muitas vezes considerado desafiador, devendo o radiologista estar familiarizado com os principais achados de imagem. Nesse quesito, destacam-se os sinais característicos de torção anexial na ressonância magnética, incluindo aumento do volume ovariano com edema estromal, distribuição periférica de seus folículos, espessamento e edema da tuba uterina correspondente associados ou não à massa anexial - às vezes, fator predisponente - que se insinua para a linha média e, ainda, o clássico e patognomônico “sinal do redemoinho”. O objetivo deste ensaio é ilustrar e revisar os diferentes achados de torção ovariana detectados pela ressonância magnética.

Abstract Adnexal torsion is characterized by partial or complete rotation of the suspensory ligament of the ovary and its corresponding vascular pedicle, resulting in vascular impairment that can culminate in hemorrhagic infarction, as well as necrosis of the ovary and fallopian tube. Because there are myriad causes of acute pelvic pain, the differential diagnosis of ovarian torsion is often challenging. Consequently, radiologists should be familiar with the main imaging findings. In this regard, there are typical signs of ovarian torsion on magnetic resonance imaging, including increased ovarian volume with stromal edema and peripheral distribution of the ovarian follicles, as well as thickening of the fallopian tube, an adnexal mass (causal factor) that shifts toward the midline, and the classic, pathognomonic “whirlpool sign”. The objective of this essay was to review and illustrate the various magnetic resonance imaging findings in ovarian torsion.

Abstract Objectives To establish the characteristics of Brazilian geosocial dating app users, estimate the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and factors associated with condom use. Methods This was a cross-sectional descriptive study with a sample of 2,250 men who have sex with men (MSM) from across Brazil. The social network Facebook® was used to disseminate and collect data for the survey, through a post boosted weekly, between November 2016 and January 2017. The data were submitted to univariate and bivariate analysis with the help of SPSS software. Results Most participants were young (25 years old), had a university degree (57.8%), were homosexual (75.7%), and had met their partners on dating apps (64.1%), especially Tinder ® (57.3%) and Grindr ® (53.3%), for sexual purposes (69.7%). The prevalence of STIs was 11.1%, and 7.1% were HIV+. Factors associated with condom use were: meeting partners on app (p=0.003), using Grindr ® (p=0.002), Scruff ® (p=0.027) or Hornet ® (p<0.001), using apps to find friends (p<0.001), sex (p<0.001) or relationships (p<0.001), frequency of app use (p<0.001) and using apps at night (p=0.003). Conclusion App users are young, with high education levels and are familiar with the apps due to time of use. The prevalence of STIs was high, especially HIV. The sociodemographic characteristics and particularities of the use and consumption of app were associated with consistent condom use, especially reason for use, frequency, time of day, and app used.

Resumen Objetivos caracterizar a los usuarios brasileños de aplicaciones de citas basadas en geolocalización, estimar la prevalencia de infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) y factores asociados al uso del preservativo. Métodos estudio descriptivo, transversal, con muestra de 2.250 hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH) de todo Brasil. Se utilizó la red social Facebook® para la recolección y difusión de la investigación, por medio de una publicación impulsada semanalmente, de noviembre de 2016 a enero de 2017. Los datos fueron analizados de forma uni y bivariada con la ayuda del software SPSS. Resultados hubo un predominio de participantes jóvenes (25 años), con educación superior completa (57,8%) y homosexuales (75,7%), que conocieron a sus parejas a través de aplicaciones (64,1%), utilizando principalmente Tinder ® (57,3%) y Grindr® (53,3%) para fines sexuales (69,7%). La prevalencia de ITS fue de 11,1%, siendo 7,1 de VIH. Los factores asociados al uso de preservativos fueron: conocer a la pareja a través de la app (p=0,003), utilizar Grindr ® (p=0,002), Scruff ® (p=0,027) o Hornet ® (p<0,001), usar las apps para amistad (p<0,001), sexo (p<0,001) o relaciones (p<0,001), frecuencia de uso de la aplicación (p<0,001) y utilizar las apps durante la noche (p=0,003). Conclusión los usuarios son jóvenes, con alto nivel educativo y que demuestran familiaridad con las apps por el tiempo de uso. La prevalencia de ITS fue elevada, sobre todo de la infección por el VIH. Características sociodemográficas y particularidades del uso y consumo de las aplicaciones están asociadas a la utilización consistente del preservativo, principalmente el motivo de uso, frecuencia, horario y aplicación utilizada.

Resumo Objetivos Caracterizar os usuários brasileiros de aplicativos de encontro baseados em geolocalização, estimar a prevalência de Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis (ISTs) e fatores associados ao uso do preservativo. Métodos Estudo descritivo, transversal, com amostra de 2.250 homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH) de todo o Brasil. Utilizou-se da rede social Facebook® para a coleta e divulgação da pesquisa, por meio de uma postagem impulsionada semanalmente, de novembro de 2016 a janeiro de 2017. Os dados foram analisados de forma uni e bivariada com o auxílio do software SPSS. Resultados Houve a predominância de participantes jovens (25 anos), com ensino superior completo (57,8%) e homossexuais (75,7%), que conheceram os seus parceiros através de aplicativos (64,1%), utilizando, principalmente, o Tinder ® (57,3%) e Grindr® (53,3%) para fins sexuais (69,7%). A prevalência de ISTs foi de 11,1%, sendo 7,1 de HIV. Foram fatores associados ao uso de preservativos: conhecer o parceiro pelo app (p=0,003), utilizar o Grindr ® (p=0,002), Scruff ® (p=0,027) ou Hornet ® (p<0,001), usar os apps para amizade (p<0,001), sexo (p<0,001) ou relacionamento (p<0,001), frequência de uso do aplicativo (p<0,001) e utilizar os apps durante à noite (p=0,003). Conclusão Os usuários são jovens, com alto nível educacional e que demonstram familiaridade com os apps pelo tempo de uso. A prevalência de ISTs foi elevada, sobretudo da infecção pelo HIV. Características sociodemográficas e particularidades do uso e consumo dos apps estão associadas a utilização consistente do preservativo, principalmente o motivo de uso, frequência, horário e aplicativo utilizado.

Resumo Objetivos Caracterizar os usuários brasileiros de aplicativos de encontro baseados em geolocalização, estimar a prevalência de Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis (ISTs) e fatores associados ao uso do preservativo. Métodos Estudo descritivo, transversal, com amostra de 2.250 homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH) de todo o Brasil. Utilizou-se da rede social Facebook® para a coleta e divulgação da pesquisa, por meio de uma postagem impulsionada semanalmente, de novembro de 2016 a janeiro de 2017. Os dados foram analisados de forma uni e bivariada com o auxílio do software SPSS. Resultados Houve a predominância de participantes jovens (25 anos), com ensino superior completo (57,8%) e homossexuais (75,7%), que conheceram os seus parceiros através de aplicativos (64,1%), utilizando, principalmente, o Tinder ® (57,3%) e Grindr® (53,3%) para fins sexuais (69,7%). A prevalência de ISTs foi de 11,1%, sendo 7,1 de HIV. Foram fatores associados ao uso de preservativos: conhecer o parceiro pelo app (p=0,003), utilizar o Grindr ® (p=0,002), Scruff ® (p=0,027) ou Hornet ® (p<0,001), usar os apps para amizade (p<0,001), sexo (p<0,001) ou relacionamento (p<0,001), frequência de uso do aplicativo (p<0,001) e utilizar os apps durante à noite (p=0,003). Conclusão Os usuários são jovens, com alto nível educacional e que demonstram familiaridade com os apps pelo tempo de uso. A prevalência de ISTs foi elevada, sobretudo da infecção pelo HIV. Características sociodemográficas e particularidades do uso e consumo dos apps estão associadas a utilização consistente do preservativo, principalmente o motivo de uso, frequência, horário e aplicativo utilizado.

Abstract Objectives To establish the characteristics of Brazilian geosocial dating app users, estimate the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and factors associated with condom use. Methods This was a cross-sectional descriptive study with a sample of 2,250 men who have sex with men (MSM) from across Brazil. The social network Facebook® was used to disseminate and collect data for the survey, through a post boosted weekly, between November 2016 and January 2017. The data were submitted to univariate and bivariate analysis with the help of SPSS software. Results Most participants were young (25 years old), had a university degree (57.8%), were homosexual (75.7%), and had met their partners on dating apps (64.1%), especially Tinder ® (57.3%) and Grindr ® (53.3%), for sexual purposes (69.7%). The prevalence of STIs was 11.1%, and 7.1% were HIV+. Factors associated with condom use were: meeting partners on app (p=0.003), using Grindr ® (p=0.002), Scruff ® (p=0.027) or Hornet ® (p<0.001), using apps to find friends (p<0.001), sex (p<0.001) or relationships (p<0.001), frequency of app use (p<0.001) and using apps at night (p=0.003). Conclusion App users are young, with high education levels and are familiar with the apps due to time of use. The prevalence of STIs was high, especially HIV. The sociodemographic characteristics and particularities of the use and consumption of app were associated with consistent condom use, especially reason for use, frequency, time of day, and app used.

Resumen Objetivos caracterizar a los usuarios brasileños de aplicaciones de citas basadas en geolocalización, estimar la prevalencia de infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) y factores asociados al uso del preservativo. Métodos estudio descriptivo, transversal, con muestra de 2.250 hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH) de todo Brasil. Se utilizó la red social Facebook® para la recolección y difusión de la investigación, por medio de una publicación impulsada semanalmente, de noviembre de 2016 a enero de 2017. Los datos fueron analizados de forma uni y bivariada con la ayuda del software SPSS. Resultados hubo un predominio de participantes jóvenes (25 años), con educación superior completa (57,8%) y homosexuales (75,7%), que conocieron a sus parejas a través de aplicaciones (64,1%), utilizando principalmente Tinder ® (57,3%) y Grindr® (53,3%) para fines sexuales (69,7%). La prevalencia de ITS fue de 11,1%, siendo 7,1 de VIH. Los factores asociados al uso de preservativos fueron: conocer a la pareja a través de la app (p=0,003), utilizar Grindr ® (p=0,002), Scruff ® (p=0,027) o Hornet ® (p<0,001), usar las apps para amistad (p<0,001), sexo (p<0,001) o relaciones (p<0,001), frecuencia de uso de la aplicación (p<0,001) y utilizar las apps durante la noche (p=0,003). Conclusión los usuarios son jóvenes, con alto nivel educativo y que demuestran familiaridad con las apps por el tiempo de uso. La prevalencia de ITS fue elevada, sobre todo de la infección por el VIH. Características sociodemográficas y particularidades del uso y consumo de las aplicaciones están asociadas a la utilización consistente del preservativo, principalmente el motivo de uso, frecuencia, horario y aplicación utilizada.