Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar el bienestar psicológico en estudiantes de una universidad pública de Lima, Perú. Se trata de un estudio de enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental, descriptivo y de corte transversal. La muestra fue de 199 estudiantes; se utilizó un muestreo probabilístico. Se aplicó el cuestionario de la Escala de Bienestar Psicológico para Jóvenes (BIEPS-J) de Casullo (2000), cuya confiabilidad se ha demostrado ser alta (un alfa de Cronbach de 0.9). Entre los resultados, del total de estudiantes, 51.76 % presenta un bienestar psicológico adecuado y 48.24 % uno inadecuado. La mayoría de los estudiantes presentan un bienestar psicológico adecuado de manera global, así como particularmente en las dimensiones relacionadas con el establecimiento de vínculos, tener un proyecto de vida y control del entorno; mientras que denotan debilidad en la aceptación de sí mismos, en cuya dimensión más de la mitad de los estudiantes presentan un nivel inadecuado, lo que evidencia que no están conformes con su cuerpo, su forma de ser y sienten que no despiertan simpatía.

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the psychological well-being of students at a public university in Lima, Peru. This is a quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive and cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 199 students; a probabilistic sampling was used. The Psychological Well-Being Scale for Young People questionnaire by Casullo (2000), whose reliability has been shown to be high (Cronbach’s alpha of 0.9), was applied. Among the results, of the total number of students, 51.76 % present an adequate psychological well-being and 48.24 % an inadequate one. Most of the students present an adequate psychological well-being globally, as well as particularly in the dimensions related to the establishment of bonds, having a life project and control of the environment; while they denote weakness in self-acceptance, in which dimension more than half of the students present an inadequate level, which shows that they are not satisfied with their body, their way of being and feel that they do not arouse sympathy.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o bem-estar psicológico em estudantes de uma universidade pública de Lima, Peru. Trata-se de um estudo com abordagem quantitativa, não experimental, descritivo e delineamento transversal. A amostra foi de 199 alunos; foi utilizada uma amostragem probabilística. Foi aplicado o questionário Psychological Well-Being Scale (BIEPS-J) de Casullo (2000), cuja confiabilidade tem se mostrado alta (alfa de Cronbach de 0,9). Dentre os resultados, do total de alunos, 51,76% apresentam um bem-estar psicológico adequado e 48,24% inadequado. A maioria dos alunos apresenta um adequado bem-estar psicológico de forma global, bem como particularmente nas dimensões relacionadas com o estabelecimento de vínculos, ter um projeto de vida e domínio do ambiente; enquanto denotam fragilidade na aceitação de si mesmas, em cuja dimensão mais da metade das alunas apresentam um nível inadequado, o que mostra que não estão satisfeitas com seu corpo, seu jeito de ser e sentem que não despertam simpatia.

Abstract Pseudoxanthoma elasticum-like papillary dermal elastolysis is an acquired elastic tissue disorder clinically similar to pseudoxanthoma elasticum in the absence of systemic involvement. Histopathologically, special staining of elastic fibers demonstrates a total or partial band-like loss of elastic fibers in the papillary dermis. Although ultraviolet radiation seems to be one of the main etiological factors in this entity, we report a case of pseudoxanthoma elasticum-like papillary dermal elastolysis on the neck of a woman who wore hijab.

Abstract Erythroderma as the first manifestation of a solid organ malignancy is rare. The underlying cancer is a challenging condition to diagnose. There are a few cases of erythroderma in cancer patients reported in the literature. We here describe the case of a 70-year-old man who presented with asthenia, weight loss, dry cough and total body erythema with desquamation over the past month. A chest computed tomography scan showed a nodular lesion, which was finally diagnosed as a squamous cell lung carcinoma. To our knowledge, as an erythroderma presentation, only 13 cases have been reported in the literature. This case report demonstrates the need to search for a neoplasm in patients presenting with erythroderma, particularly in the presence of accompanying debilitating symptoms.

Objective: To analyse gender inequalities in research on public health and epidemiology in Spain for the period 2007-2014. Method: A descriptive study was conducted by sex of leadership positions in the Centre for Biomedical Research Network (CIBER), especially in the subject area of epidemiology and public health (CIBERESP) in 2014; scientific societies of public health (SESPAS) and epidemiology (SEE) 2009-2014; research projects requested (13,320) and financed (4,699), and monetary amounts of calls for Strategic Action in Health (AES), 2007-2013. Results: Women were clearly under-represented in positions of leadership and in research excellence in public health (CIBER), with a predominance of men in decision-making positions. Although research projects led by women in AES increased slightly between 2007 and 2013, among proposed projects this figure was less than 50%, with the exception of the public health commission. The gender gap was even greater in funded projects. Projects led by men were more likely to be funded, representing 29% in public health. There was also a persistence of horizontal gender segregation in positions of scientific recognition in the SESPAS and SEE Congresses. Conclusions: The overrepresentation of male leaders in public health research in Spain can be understood as an indicator and a consequence of androcentrism in scientific societies and professional groups. This sexist situation threatens the existence of innovative products and services from a gender perspective that respond to the needs and demands of society as a whole. More women are needed in research incorporating this perspective.

Objetivo: Analizar las desigualdades de género en investigación en salud pública y epidemiología en España, en el periodo 2007-2014. Método: Estudio descriptivo según sexo de posiciones de liderazgo del Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER), especialmente en el área temática de epidemiología y salud pública (CIBERESP) en 2014; de sociedades científicas de salud pública (SESPAS) y epidemiología (SEE), 2009-2014; y de proyectos de investigación solicitados (13.320) y financiados (4699), e importes de convocatorias de Acción Estratégica en Salud (AES), 2007-2013. Resultados: Existe una clara infrarrepresentación de mujeres líderes y contratadas en investigación de excelencia en salud pública (CIBERESP), con predominio de los hombres en puestos de decisión. Aunque los proyectos de investigación de la Acción Estratégica en Salud (AES) liderados por mujeres han crecido ligeramente entre 2007 y 2013, entre los solicitados no alcanzan el 50%, con excepción de los de la Comisión de Salud Pública. La brecha de género es aún mayor en proyectos financiados. Los proyectos liderados por hombres tienen mayor probabilidad de obtener financiación, alcanzando el 29% en los de salud pública. Persiste una segregación horizontal de género en posiciones de reconocimiento científico en congresos de SESPAS y SEE. Conclusiones: La sobrerrepresentación de líderes masculinos en la investigación en salud pública en España debe entenderse como indicador y consecuencia del androcentrismo en las sociedades científicas y los grupos profesionales. Esta situación sexista pone en riesgo la existencia de productos y servicios innovadores desde la perspectiva de género que den respuestas a necesidades y demandas de toda la sociedad. Se necesitan más mujeres en investigación que tengan incorporada esta perspectiva.

Objective: To analyse gender inequalities in research on public health and epidemiology in Spain for the period 2007-2014. Method: A descriptive study was conducted by sex of leadership positions in the Centre for Biomedical Research Network (CIBER), especially in the subject area of epidemiology and public health (CIBERESP) in 2014; scientific societies of public health (SESPAS) and epidemiology (SEE) 2009-2014; research projects requested (13,320) and financed (4,699), and monetary amounts of calls for Strategic Action in Health (AES), 2007-2013. Results: Women were clearly under-represented in positions of leadership and in research excellence in public health (CIBER), with a predominance of men in decision-making positions. Although research projects led by women in AES increased slightly between 2007 and 2013, among proposed projects this figure was less than 50%, with the exception of the public health commission. The gender gap was even greater in funded projects. Projects led by men were more likely to be funded, representing 29% in public health. There was also a persistence of horizontal gender segregation in positions of scientific recognition in the SESPAS and SEE Congresses. Conclusions: The overrepresentation of male leaders in public health research in Spain can be understood as an indicator and a consequence of androcentrism in scientific societies and professional groups. This sexist situation threatens the existence of innovative products and services from a gender perspective that respond to the needs and demands of society as a whole. More women are needed in research incorporating this perspective.

Objetivo: Analizar las desigualdades de género en investigación en salud pública y epidemiología en España, en el periodo 2007-2014. Método: Estudio descriptivo según sexo de posiciones de liderazgo del Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER), especialmente en el área temática de epidemiología y salud pública (CIBERESP) en 2014; de sociedades científicas de salud pública (SESPAS) y epidemiología (SEE), 2009-2014; y de proyectos de investigación solicitados (13.320) y financiados (4699), e importes de convocatorias de Acción Estratégica en Salud (AES), 2007-2013. Resultados: Existe una clara infrarrepresentación de mujeres líderes y contratadas en investigación de excelencia en salud pública (CIBERESP), con predominio de los hombres en puestos de decisión. Aunque los proyectos de investigación de la Acción Estratégica en Salud (AES) liderados por mujeres han crecido ligeramente entre 2007 y 2013, entre los solicitados no alcanzan el 50%, con excepción de los de la Comisión de Salud Pública. La brecha de género es aún mayor en proyectos financiados. Los proyectos liderados por hombres tienen mayor probabilidad de obtener financiación, alcanzando el 29% en los de salud pública. Persiste una segregación horizontal de género en posiciones de reconocimiento científico en congresos de SESPAS y SEE. Conclusiones: La sobrerrepresentación de líderes masculinos en la investigación en salud pública en España debe entenderse como indicador y consecuencia del androcentrismo en las sociedades científicas y los grupos profesionales. Esta situación sexista pone en riesgo la existencia de productos y servicios innovadores desde la perspectiva de género que den respuestas a necesidades y demandas de toda la sociedad. Se necesitan más mujeres en investigación que tengan incorporada esta perspectiva.

Os instrumentos para avaliação das refeições em família são limitados e não existe nenhum que meça de forma abrangente a estrutura, o ambiente, o comportamento e os respectivos efeitos na família, próprio para crianças Portuguesas. Este artigo tem como objectivo traduzir, adaptar culturalmente e testar as propriedades psicométricas do Questionário Sobre as Refeições na Nossa Casa (Meals in Our Household Questionnaire) em crianças portuguesas do ensino pré-escolar. O Questionário Sobre as Refeições na Nossa Casa foi submetido a tradução e retroversão por um tradutor especialista. Os questionários foram preenchidos por duas vezes pelos mesmos participantes, com duas semanas de intervalo. A análise de fiabilidade do Questionário Sobre as Refeições na Nossa Casa incluiu a consistência interna, avaliada pelo alfa de Cronbach, e a reprodutibilidade, avaliada pelo coeficiente de correlação de Spearman. A consistência interna encontrada em todos os domínios do Questionário Sobre as Refeições na Nossa Casa foi satisfatória e as correlações entre teste-reteste foram moderadas a fortes. A tradução do questionário conduziu a um instrumento satisfatoriamente fiável para avaliar a percepção dos pais de crianças pré-escolares portugueses relativamente aos comportamentos e ambiente durante as refeições em família, o qual pode ser bastante útil em intervenções no âmbito da saúde.

Assessment tools of mealtimes in families are limited and there is none which comprehensively measures Portuguese children’s mealtime structure, environment, behavior and its effects on the household. This paper aims at translating, culturally adapting and testing the psychometric properties of the Meals in Our Household Questionnaire in Portuguese preschool children. The Meals in Our Household Questionnaire was translated into Portuguese and back-translated into English by an expert translator. Questionnaires were filled in twice by the same participants, with two weeks in-between. The Meals in Our Household Questionnaire reliability analysis included internal consistency, assessed by Cronbach’s alpha, and reproducibility, assessed by Spearman’s correlation coefficient. We found satisfactory internal consistency across all of the Meals in Our Household Questionnaire domains and moderate to strong test-retest correlations. The questionnaire’s translation led to a satisfactory reliable tool to assess parents’ perception of the Portuguese preschoolers’ family mealtime behaviors and environments, which can be quite useful for healthcare interventions.

Neste artigo descreve-se um estudo de avaliação da dinâmica costeira com vista à reabilitação e proteção da praia de Colwyn Bay, no País de Gales, Reino Unido, em avançado estado de erosão e degradação das suas funções recreativa e de proteção costeira. O estudo insere-se no âmbito de uma estratégia de gestão costeira baseada em defesa da acção do mar. Numa primeira fase, foi caracterizada a dinâmica da praia, através da avaliação da evolução morfológica tridimensional do topo e da face de praia, da composição sedimentológica recente da mesma zona, da hidrodinâmica da praia, com base em séries temporais de agitação marítima e nível do mar (incluindo as componentes de maré e sobrelevação de origem meteorológica), e da distribuição do transporte sedimentar longitudinal na zona ativa submersa. Numa segunda fase, de simulação e avaliação de soluções alternativas, baseadas numa estratégia de alimentação artificial, definiu-se e testou-se o perfil de enchimento, bem como soluções de longo prazo, algumas com estruturas de retenção/proteção (esporões, esporões em Y e quebra-mares destacados). Nestes testes foi utilizada a modelação numérica para a análise da morfodinâmica transversal da praia a curto prazo, no caso do perfil de enchimento, e da evolução da linha de costa a longo prazo, no caso da forma plana da praia com e sem estruturas. As diversas metodologias de análise aplicadas e respetivos resultados são também descritos neste artigo com detalhe. Também no âmbito do teste de soluções de reabilitação da praia, foram realizados testes em modelo físico para análise da estabilidade e dos galgamentos para várias soluções alternativas do perfil transversal da defesa longitudinal aderente de enrocamento do extremo Este de Colwyn Bay. O estudo, com base na análise comparativa de soluções alternativas, permitiu definir o volume mínimo de alimentação artificial necessário à reabilitação e proteção da praia, qual a solução com melhor desempenho na retenção do enchimento da praia, e quais as características mais eficazes do perfil da defesa longitudinal (inclinação do talude do manto exterior, geometria do muro-cortina, geometria e permeabilidade da berma do coroamento) no que diz respeito à estabilidade do manto e aos galgamentos. Apresentam-se também recomendações relativamente às necessidades de execução de uma análise custo-benefício das soluções de alimentação com melhor desempenho e de monitorização da futura praia, e recomendações sobre aspetos adicionais a considerar no projeto de execução da defesa longitudinal.

Colwyn Bay is a seaside holiday resort, located in the North Wales coastline of the United Kingdom, which faces the Irish Sea. It has an historic link with tourism, which drives the economy of the coastal region through the development of the town’s frontage and associated coastal and marine environments. The study here described aimed to rehabilitate and protect Colwyn Bay beach, which is undergoing an advanced process of erosion and degradation of its recreational, bathing and coastal protection functions. Due to the notable reduction of the beach width and lowering of the beach berm and face, seawall overtopping and consequent flooding of the promenade occur frequently under sea storm events. For this reason, the Conwy County Borough Council decided on the development of a coastal defence strategy plan for Colwyn Bay. The present paper describes the study performed. The characterization of the beach dynamics was performed in a first stage. It was evaluated the three-dimensional evolution of the beach face and backshore, the recent sedimentologic contents of the same zone, the beach hydrodynamics, based on a wave climate series at three inshore points in front of the beach and on the analysis of a tidal and a surge levels series, the evaluation of the beach submerged active zone and the evaluation of the cross-shore distribution of the sediment drift. In a second stage, a stage of simulation and evaluation of alternative solutions based on a beach nourishment strategy, it was defined and tested the recharged beach profile and tested the long-term solutions, some of them with retention/protection structures (groynes, fishtail groynes and detached breakwaters). These tests were based on numerical modelling of the short-term cross-shore morphodynamics in the case of the recharged beach profile, and on numerical modelling of the long-term shoreline evolution in the case of the beach planform with and without structures. The several methodologies of analysis applied and the respective results are described in detail. Also within the scope of testing beach rehabilitation solutions, physical modelling was performed of the armour stability and wave overtopping for the several alternative cross-sections considered for the new linear defence at the Eastern frontage of Colwyn Bay. The main conclusions of the study, achieved through the comparative analysis of alternative solutions, were on the minimum volume of artificial beach nourishment required for the beach rehabilitation and protection, on the solution with best performance in retaining the beach recharge in the long-term, and on the most effective characteristics of the cross-section of the linear defence (armour slope, concrete wall geometry, geometry and permeability of the crest berm) concerning armour stability and wave overtopping. Recommendations regarding the need to execute a cost-benefit analysis for the beach nourishment solutions with best performance, monitoring the future beach and considering additional aspects for the design of the linear defence were pointed out.

We compare the expectations in skills development and in physics and mathematics education of first year undergraduates in architecture, as described in the syllabus, with the results of education research, we analyze the attitudes and the models of learning that students develop spontaneously. From the contrast between the desired objectives and the mental model that students have about what learning physics and mathematics entails, we suggest a redesign of the teaching and learning process which includes subject matters and teaching methodologies.

Se confrontan las expectativas de formación competencial y fisicomatemática de los estudiantes de primer curso de arquitectura, contenidas en el plan de estudios de pregrado, con los resultados de la investigación didáctica. Se analizan las actitudes y modelos de aprendizaje que desarrollan de forma espontánea los estudiantes. A partir del contraste entre los objetivos propuestos y el modelo mental que tienen los estudiantes sobre qué significa aprender física y matemáticas, se propone un rediseño del proceso de enseñanza/aprendizaje, que incluye materias y métodos docentes.

In this article the authors deal with the problem of the didactic restructuring of the university teachers and its specific features, and more particularly in the domains of Mathematics and Experimental Sciences. The REUBE strategy is based on the gathering of precise evidences about the dysfunction that can be observed in a specific teachers or a group of teachers' teaching-learning process. Simultaneously with the gathering of evidences, and together with the teacher, the gathered data during a six-month course are to be analyzed and evaluated and then a specifc plan of intervention can be proposed so it can be put into practice and evaluated during the following courses. After laying the foundations for the need of new strategies, the authors describe the REUBE proposal and give examples of its frst application in four domains of university action.

Se aborda la problemática de la renovación didáctica de los docentes universitarios y las características específicas que comporta, en particular en las áreas de matemáticas y ciencias experimentales. La estrategia REUBE (Renovación de la Enseñanza Universitaria Basada en Evidencias) se basa en la recolección de evidencias puntuales sobre disfunciones observadas en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de un profesor o grupo de profesores concretos. Simultáneamente a la recolección de evidencias, y conjuntamente con el docente, se analizan y evalúan los datos recopilados a lo largo de un semestre y se propone un plan de intervención específico que se implementará y evaluará en semestres sucesivos. Tras sentar las bases para la necesidad de nuevas estrategias, se describe la propuesta REUBE y se ejemplifica su aplicación inicial en cuatro ámbitos de actuación universitarios.

Durante el estudio de compuestos semivolátiles, se encontró ácido láctico en mieles producidas por cuatro especies de abejas sin aguijón. Además, se identificaron otros compuestos: ácido 2-etil-2-hidroxi-propanoico en mieles de Melipona favosa, 5-(hidroximetil)-2-furancarboxaldehído y a-(fenilmetil)-benceno etanol, en mieles de Scaptotrigona mexicana, 2-butanol, eneicosano y heptacosano en mieles deTrigona carbonaria.

During the study of semivolatile compounds, lactic acid was found in the honey produced by four species of stingless bees. Moreover, other compounds were identified: 2-ethylhydroxy- propanoic acid in Melipona favosa honeys, 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furancarboxaldehyde and a-phenylmethyl benzene ethanol in Scaptotrigona mexicana honey, 2-butanol, heneicosane and heptacosane in Trigona carbonaria honey.

Child temperament has proved a useful predictor of personal fit, academic performance and social integration. A study of the temperament was made with 68 participants in an Early Stimulation Program for Babies at Risk. Half of the mothers received information and advice about their child's temperament. The trait "Level of Activity" interacted with the Development Quotient (p=.026). The agreement between mother and an external observer was low (kappa < .30). Six months later (N=31) there was an increase of DQ (p=.022) and a stabilitization in temperament traits. Nevertheless, children whose mothers were advised showed a "Level of Activity" higher than the control group (p=.023). The results are discussed in the light of the Thomas and Chess' Goodness of Fit model.

El temperamento infantil ha mostrado utilidad predictiva sobre adaptación personal, rendimiento académico e integración social. En el marco de un Programa de Estimulación Temprana para Bebés de Riesgo, investigamos el temperamento de los participantes (N=68). Sólo a la mitad de las madres se da información y orientaciones específicas acerca del temperamento de su bebé. Hallamos que el rasgo "Nivel de Actividad" interactúa con el Cociente de Desarrollo (p=0,026). El índice de acuerdo entre juicio materno y juicio de un observador es bajo (kappa < 0,30). Tras 6 meses (N=31), constatamos estabilidad de rasgos y aumento del CD en todo el grupo (p=0,022), pero el subgrupo cuyas madres recibieron información presenta un "Nivel de Actividad" más alto que el grupo control (p=0,023). El "Modelo de bondad de ajuste" de Thomas y Chess permite interpretar los resultados en clave transaccional.

Se presentan indicadores de colaboración científica de 24 países de América Latina y el Caribe, obtenidos a través de sus publicaciones en revistas científicas de difusión internacional firmadas por autores de dos o más instituciones diferentes durante el periodo 1999-2002, empleando técnicas de análisis bibliométrico de co-autoría. Para cada país se establecieron tres tipos de colaboración: nacional, regional e internacional, diferenciando las colaboraciones bi y trilaterales de las grandes redes formadas por 6 o más países. Se destacan las áreas científicas de mayor presencia en relación con el tipo de colaboración y tamaño de las redes. Los trabajos en colaboración representan el 65% del total de los publicados y aumentan cada año, correspondiendo la mayor proporción a la colaboración internacional, mientras que la regional es muy escasa. Los países más productivos en ciencia presentan una colaboración relativamente menor que los pequeños productores. Se analiza la evolución de los hábitos de colaboración internacional entre los periodos 1991-1995 y 1999-2002.

Indicators of scientific cooperation from 24 Latin American and Caribbean countries were obtained through the study of their mainstream publications signed by scientists from two or more institutions from Latin American countries, or outside Latin America, during the period 1999-2002, using co-authorship bibliometric analysis. Three types of cooperation, national, regional and international were established, distinguishing between bilateral and trilateral from large scientific networks of 6 or more countries. For each country, thematic areas with the largest presence were analyzed in relation to the type of co-operation and size of networks. Cooperative research work represents 65% of the total output and grows each year, particularly international cooperation; on the contrary, regional cooperation is very scarce. The most productive countries show a relatively lower international co-operation than that of countries with a smaller scientific production. The evolution of collaboration habits from 1991-1995 to 1999-2002 is analyzed.

Apresentam-se indicadores de colaboração científica de 24 países da América Latina e o Caribe, obtidos através de suas publicaçðes en revistas científicas de difusão internacional firmadas por autores de duas ou mais instituiçðes diferentes durante o periodo 1999-2002, empregando técnicas de análise bibliométrica de co-autoria. Para cada país se estabeleceram três tipos de colaboração: nacional, regional e internacional, diferenciando as colaboraçðes bi e trilaterais das grandes redes formadas desde 6 até 26 países. Destacam-se as áreas científicas de maior presença em relação com o tipo de colaboração e tamanho das redes. Os trabalhos em colaboração representam 65% do total dos publicados e aumentam a cada ano, correspondendo a maior proporção à colaboração internacional, enquanto que a regional é muito escassa. Os países mais produtivos em ciência apresentam uma colaboração internacional relativamente menor que os pequenos produtores. Analisa-se a evolução dos hábitos de colaboração internacional entre os períodos de 1991-1995 e 1999-2002.