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au:SOUSA, MAISA SILVA DE

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COVID-19 outbreaks among crew members in non-cruise vessels anchoring in Salvador, Brazil, 2021
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Cardoso, Cristiane Wanderley

; Souza, Mirela Maisa da Silva

; Teles, Ana Claudia Venegeroles de Sá

; Argibay, Hernan Dario

; Reis, Olivete Borba dos

; Pereira, Felicidade Mota

; Giovanetti, Marta

; Magalhaes, Tereza

; Ribeiro, Guilherme Sousa

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2022, Volume 117 elocation e220114

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has affected the maritime sector due to virus transmission onboard and traffic restrictions. However, reports of SARS-CoV-2 transmission on board have been mostly restricted to those occurring on cruise ships. OBJECTIVES To report COVID-19 outbreaks in eight non-cruise vessels and discuss measures to prevent and control the onboard transmission of SARS-CoV-2. METHODS We investigated outbreaks of COVID-19 on vessels anchoring in Baía de Todos-os-Santos, Salvador, Brazil, between February and November 2021. FINDINGS Most vessels were cargo ships that had docked several times before anchoring in Salvador (five had docked in ≥ 9 ports). The crew ranged from 22 to 63 members. The infection attack rate on each vessel ranged from 9.7 to 88.9%. The risk of symptomatic infection largely varied among the crew of each vessel (0 to 91.6%). Overall, the risk of developing COVID-19 signs and symptoms was lower among crew members vaccinated (age-adjusted risk ratio: 0.19; 95% confidence interval 0.06-0.65). SARS-CoV-2 variants not previously identified in Salvador were detected (C.14, B.1.617.2 and B.1.351). MAIN CONCLUSIONS Despite maritime guidelines to avert COVID-19 on board, outbreaks have happened. The multiple stopovers of non-cruise vessels during their routes may contribute to the spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants worldwide. Reducing the onboard transmission of SARS-CoV-2 depends on joint efforts by the crew and local health authorities and, equally important, achieving high vaccination coverage to prevent infections and illness.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760220114

Description of malaria vectors (Diptera: Culicidae) in two agricultural settlements in the Western Brazilian Amazon
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Andrade, Alice Oliveira

; Santos, Najara Akira Costa dos

; Castro, Raphael Brum

; Araujo, Isabelle Sousa de

; Bastos, Alessandra da Silva

; Magi, Felipe Neves

; Rodrigues, Moreno Magalhães de Souza

; Pereira, Dhélio Batista

; Medeiros, Jansen Fernandes

; Araújo, Maisa da Silva

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2021, Volume 63 elocation e60

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The majority of malaria cases in South America occur in rural areas of the Amazon region. Although these areas have a significant impact on malaria cases, few entomological studies have been carried out there. This study aimed to describe entomological parameters in settlements in Rondonia State, Brazil. Collections of anopheles were carried out using the Protected Human Attraction Technique (PHAT). The risk and the potential for malaria transmission were assessed using the human biting rate (HBR), the sporozoite rate (SR) and the entomological inoculation rate (EIR). The results confirmed that Nyssorhynchus darlingi is the predominant species in the two studied locations. Although settlement in the two study sites has occurred at different times, the species richness found was low, showing that environmental changes caused by anthropological actions have probably favor the adaptation of Ny. darlingi species. From the total of 615 anopheline mosquitoes assessed, seven (1.1%) were positive for Plasmodium sp. infections. The EIR revealed that Ny. darlingi contributes to malaria transmission in both locations, as it was responsible for 0.05 infectious bites in humans at night in the old settlement and 0.02 in the recent occupation. In the two study sites, the biting occurred more frequently at dusk. Nyssorhynchus darlingi was prevalent in areas of recent colonization but, even when present in a low density, this species could maintain the transmission of malaria in the older settlement. The entomological information obtained in this study is important and may aid the selection of vector control actions in these locations.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202163060 216 downloads

Increasing awareness of human T-lymphotropic virus type-1 infection: a serious, invisible, and neglected health problem in Brazil
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Puccioni-Sohler, Marzia

; Grassi, Maria Fernanda Rios

; Galvão-Castro, Bernardo

; Caterino, Adele

; Proietti, Anna Bárbara de Freitas Carneiro

; Vicente, Ana Carolina Paulo

; Galvão-Castro, Ana Verena

; Vallinoto, Antonio Carlos

; Paiva, Arthur

; Penalva, Augusto

; Rosadas, Carolina

; Miyashiro, Denis

; Barbosa, Edel Figueiredo

; Carvalho, Edgar Marcelino de

; Batista, Everton da Silva

; Smid, Jerusa

; Casseb, Jorge

; Vidal, Jose

; Sousa, Maisa Silva

; Viana, Maria Graça de Castro

; Bastos, Michele de Souza

; Lírio, Monique

; Boa-Sorte, Ney

; Ferreira Jr, Orlando C.

; Takayanagui, Osvaldo

; Moura, Patrícia

; Rocco, Regina

; Cunha, Rodrigo Guimaraes

; Haddad, Simone Kashima

; Assone, Tatiane

; Araújo, Thessika Hialla Almeida

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2019, Volume 52 elocation e20190343

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0343-2019 953 downloads

Moderada endemicidade da infecção pelo vírus linfotrópico-T humano na região metropolitana de Belém, Pará, Brasil
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Silva, Ingrid Christiane

; Pinheiro, Bruna Teles

; Nobre, Akim Felipe Santos

; Coelho, Jaciana Lima

; Pereira, Cássia Cristine Costa

; Ferreira, Louise de Souza Canto

; Almeida, Camila Pâmela Santos de

; Viana, Maria de Nazaré do Socorro de Almeida

; Almeida, Danilo Souza de

; Falcão, Jairo Ribeiro

; Santos, Yago Costa Vasconcelos dos

; Araújo, Marcos William Leão de

; Borges, Mariza da Silva

; Nascimento, Lisandra Duarte

; Valentim, Lorena Saldanha

; Casseb, Jorge Simão do Rosario

; Costa, Carlos Araújo da

; Sousa, Maísa Silva de

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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mar 2018, Volume 21 elocation e180018

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Introdução: A disseminação da infecção pelo vírus linfotrópico-T humano (HTLV) em famílias da área metropolitana de Belém, Pará, Brasil, e a ausência de estudos na população em geral requisitam investigações que esclareçam melhor a sua prevalência na região. Metodologia: Foi realizada pesquisa de anticorpos anti-HTLV-1/HTLV-2 em indivíduos adultos transeuntes de logradouros públicos de Belém, entre novembro de 2014 e novembro de 2015. A infecção foi confirmada por pesquisa de DNA proviral e foi realizada avaliação clínica e investigação intrafamiliar dos infectados. Resultados: Dos 1.059 indivíduos investigados, 21 (2,0%) apresentaram amostras sororeagentes, 15 (1,4%) confirmados para HTLV-1, 5 (0,5%) para HTLV-2 e o DNA proviral foi indetectável em 1 caso. A média de idade dos infectados (57,2) foi maior que a dos não infectados (46,2) (p = 0,0010). A infecção aumentou com a idade e se destacou nos indivíduos com renda familiar menor ou igual a um salário mínimo. A transmissão intrafamiliar parece ter ocorrido em todas as famílias investigadas. Dentre os portadores de HTLV-1, 30% (3/10) já apresentavam algum sintoma relacionado à infecção. Discussão: O aumento da infecção de acordo com a idade pode ocorrer por soroconversão tardia de infecção pré-adquirida ou pelo risco cumulativo de novas infecções, sobretudo em mulheres. Conclusão: A infecção por HTLV demonstrou moderada prevalência na população estudada, com predomínio do HTLV-1. Essa mostrou-se associada à baixa renda e ao aumento da idade das mulheres. Também apresentou disseminação intrafamiliar e negligência no diagnóstico das doenças associadas.

ABSTRACT: Introduction: The spread of the HTLV infection in families living in the metropolitan area of Belém, Pará, Brazil, and the lack of studies in the general population requires studies to better understand its prevalence in the region. Methods: An anti-HTLV-1/HTLV-2 antibodies test was carried out on random adults in public places in Belém between November 2014 and November 2015. A proviral DNA test detected if the person was infected, and then a clinical evaluation and an intrafamilial investigation were carried out. Results: Of the 1059 individuals being investigated, 21 (2.0%) had seroreagent samples, 15 (1.4%) had HTLV-1, 5 (0.5%) had HTLV-2, and proviral DNA was undetectable in one case. The mean age of the infected people (57.2) was higher than that of those that were uninfected (46.2) (p = 0.0010). The prevalence of infection increased with age, especially in individuals with a family income equal to or less than a minimum wage. Intrafamilial transmission seems to have occurred in all of the families being studied. Among the patients with HTLV-1, 30% (3/10) already had some symptom related to the infection. Discussion: The increase in prevalence rates according to age may be due to late seroconversion of a previously acquired infection, or the cumulative risk of new infections, especially in women. Conclusion: There was a moderate prevalence of the HTLV infection among adult individuals from the metropolitan area of Belém, with a predominance of HTLV-1. This infection was associated with low income and increasingly older women. It also presented intrafamily spread and negligence in the diagnosis of associated diseases.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720180018 17 downloads

Moderada endemicidade da infecção pelo vírus linfotrópico-T humano na região metropolitana de Belém, Pará, Brasil
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Silva, Ingrid Christiane

; Pinheiro, Bruna Teles

; Nobre, Akim Felipe Santos

; Coelho, Jaciana Lima

; Pereira, Cássia Cristine Costa

; Ferreira, Louise de Souza Canto

; Almeida, Camila Pâmela Santos de

; Viana, Maria de Nazaré do Socorro de Almeida

; Almeida, Danilo Souza de

; Falcão, Jairo Ribeiro

; Santos, Yago Costa Vasconcelos dos

; Araújo, Marcos William Leão de

; Borges, Mariza da Silva

; Nascimento, Lisandra Duarte

; Valentim, Lorena Saldanha

; Casseb, Jorge Simão do Rosario

; Costa, Carlos Araújo da

; Sousa, Maísa Silva de

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2018, Volume 21 elocation e180018

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720180018 2846 downloads

Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Infection and Cervical Cancer Screening among Riverside Women of the Brazilian Amazon
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Duarte, Daniel Valim

; Vieira, Rodrigo Covre

; Brito, Elza Baía de

; Pinheiro, Maria da Conceição Nascimento

; Monteiro, Jeniffer do Socorro Valente

; Valente, Mário Diego Rocha

; Ishikawa, Edna Aoba Yassui

; Fuzii, Hellen Thais

; Sousa, Maísa Silva de

Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia

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jul 2017, Volume 39 N. 7 Pages 350 - 357

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a prevalência global e tipo-específica da infecção pelo papilomavírus humano (HPV) entre mulheres que vivem em comunidades ribeirinhas do estado do Pará, Amazônia oriental, Brasil. Estas comunidades são habitadas por pessoas de baixa renda, e são acessíveis somente por meio de pequenos barcos. A citologia cervical e os fatores de risco para a infecção por HPV também foram avaliados. Métodos Amostras cervicais de 353 mulheres de comunidades selecionadas foram coletadas para a análise citológica e para a detecção do HPV. A prevalência global e tipoespecífica dos HPV-16 e HPV-18, principais tipos oncogênicos no mundo, foram avaliadas por meio de reação em cadeia de polimerase (PCR) convencional e PCR em tempo real. Os fatores de risco para a infecção por HPV foram avaliados a partir de questionários epidemiológicos. Resultados A idade média das participantes foi de 37 anos (desvio padrão [DP] ± 13,7). A maioria era casada ou tinha um parceiro sexual fixo (79%) e baixo nível de escolaridade (80%) e de renda familiar mensal (< U$ 250; 53%). A prevalência global do HPV foi de 16,4% (n = 58), com 8 casos de HPV-16 (2,3%) e 5 casos de HPV-18 (1,4%). Aproximadamente 70% das mulheres entrevistadas nunca tinha realizado o exame preventivo de Papanicolau. Os resultados citológicos anormais foram encontrados em 27,5% (n = 97) das amostras, com taxas mais altas da infecção por HPV de acordo com a severidade das lesões (p = 0,026). Conclusões As infecções por HPV-16 e HPV-18 não foram predominantes em nosso estudo, apesar da alta prevalência global da infecção por HPV. No entanto, o potencial oncogênico desses tipos e a baixa cobertura do exame de Papanicolau entre mulheres de comunidades ribeirinhas demonstram um risco potencial para o desenvolvimento de lesões cervicais e sua progressão para o câncer de colo do útero, uma vez que o acesso a essas comunidades é difícil e, na maioria dos casos, estas mulheres não têm acesso aos serviços de atenção primária e de saúde pública.

Abstract Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the overall and type-specific prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among females living in riverside communities in the state of Pará, in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon. These communities are inhabited by low-income people, and are accessible only by small boats. Cervical cytology and risk factors for HPV infection were also assessed. Methods Cervical samples from 353 women of selected communities were collected both for Papanicolau (Pap) test and HPV detection. Conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time PCR were used to assess the overall and type-specific prevalence of HPV-16 and HPV-18, the main oncogenic types worldwide. Epidemiological questionnaires were used for the assessment of the risk factors for HPV infection. Results The mean age of the participants was 37 years (standard deviation [SD] ± 13.7). Most were married or with a fixed sexual partner (79%), and had a low educational level (80%) and family monthly income (< U$ 250; 53%). Overall, HPV prevalence was 16.4% (n = 58), with 8 cases of HPV-16 (2.3%) and 5 of HPV-18 (1.4%). Almost 70% of the women surveyed had never undergone the Pap test. Abnormal cytology results were found in 27.5% (n = 97) of the samples, with higher rates of HPV infection according to the severity of the lesions (p = 0.026). Conclusions The infections by HPV-16 and HPV-18 were not predominant in our study, despite the high prevalence of overall HPV infection. Nevertheless, the oncogenic potential of these types and the low coverage of the Pap test among women from riverside communities demonstrate a potential risk for the development of cervical lesions and their progression to cervical cancer, since the access to these communities is difficult and, in most cases, these women do not have access to primary care and public health services.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1604027 3285 downloads

Úlcera venosa: seis años de existencia por 92 días de cicatrización
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Lopes Macêdo, Maísa Mara

; Silva Souza, Débora Aparecida

; Santos, Jéssica Caroline dos

; Nogueira Rodrigues, Rayssa

; Sousa Afonso, Gesana de

; Oliveira Henriques Cortez, Andreza de

; Nogueira Cortez, Daniel

Gerokomos

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sep 2016, Volume 27 N. 3 Pages 131 - 133

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Objective: To describe the evolution of the venous ulcer treatment with the use of advanced roofing and present the answers of the patient ahead of care provided in primary health care. Method: study of methodological approach case report, with informed consent by the patient. Results: quick response with decreased pain and scope of healing and improvement of the negative impacts with use of appropriate coverage, systematic care and skilled professional. Conclusion: The treatment was possible due to the availability of adequate coverage and knowledge of professionals to conduct the case.

Objetivo: Describir la evolución del tratamiento de úlcera venosa con el uso de coberturas avanzadas y presentar las respuestas del paciente frente a los cuidados dispensados en la atención primaria de salud. Método: Estudio realizado con planteamiento metodológico de relato del caso, con consentimiento informado por parte del paciente. Resultados: Rápida respuesta con disminución del dolor, alcance de la cicatrización y mejoría de los impactos negativos con uso de coberturas apropiadas, cuidados sistemáticos y profesional capacitado. Conclusión: el tratamiento ha sido posible gracias a la disponibilidad de coberturas adecuadas y el conocimiento de los profesionales para la conducción del caso.

2590 downloads

SAPOVIRUSES IN CHILDREN WITH ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS FROM MANAUS , AMAZON REGION, BRAZIL, 2010-2011
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REYMÃO, Tammy Kathlyn Amaral

; HERNANDEZ, Juliana das Merces

; COSTA, Samya Thalita Picanço da

; SOUSA, Maísa Silva de

; OLIVEIRA, Darleise de Souza

; SILVA, Luciana Damascena da

; BANDEIRA, Renato da Silva

; LIMA, Ian Carlos Gomes de

; SOARES, Luana da Silva

; MASCARENHAS, Joana Darc Pereira

; GABBAY, Yvone Benchimol

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2016, Volume 58 elocation 81

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

SUMMARY Sapoviruses (SaVs) are responsible for acute gastroenteritis in humans, especially children and the elderly. In Brazil, data on SaVs infections are very limited, especially in Northern Brazil. Here, we investigated the occurrence of SaVs in samples from hospitalized children under ten years old that presented acute gastroenteritis. Positive samples were genotyped and phylogenetic analysis was performed using prototype strains sequences obtained from GenBank database. In total, 156 fecal samples were screened by RT-PCR for SaVs. A positivity rate of 3.8% (6/156) was found in children under three years of age. Four genotypes were detected: GI.I, GI.2 and GII.2?-GII.4?/GII.4, suggesting a possible inter-genotypes recombination. Most infections (83.3%) occurred between August and September. The positivity was similar to that found in other countries and genotyping demonstrated the presence of distinct genotypes. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the circulation of SaVs in Manaus, state of Amazonas, Amazon region, Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-9946201658081 825 downloads

Occurrence of strongyloidiasis among patients with HTLV-1/2 seen at the outpatient clinic of the Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Belém, State of Pará, Brazil
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Furtado, Karen Cristini Yumi Ogawa

; Costa, Carlos Araújo da

; Ferreira, Louise de Souza Canto

; Martins, Luisa Carício

; Linhares, Alexandre da Costa

; Ishikawa, Edna Aoba Yassui

; Batista, Evander de Jesus Oliveira

; Sousa, Maisa Silva de

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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apr 2013, Volume 46 N. 2 Pages 241 - 243

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

IntroductionThis study investigated the occurrence of Strongyloides stercoralis infestation and coinfection with HTLV-1/2 in Belém, Brazil.MethodsS. stercoralis was investigated in stool samples obtained from individuals infected with HTLV-1/2 and their uninfected relatives.ResultsThe frequency of S. stercoralis was 9% (9/100), including six patients infected with HTLV-1 (14.3%), two patients infected with HTLV-2 (11.1%), and one uninfected relative. Two cases of hyperinfestation by S. stercoralis were characterized as HTLV-1.ConclusionsThese results support the need for the routine investigation of S. stercoralis in patients with HTLV-1, in an attempt to prevent the development of severe forms of strongyloidiasis.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-981-2013 3114 downloads

10.

Nested-PCR do gene que codifica o antígeno b aplicada ao diagnóstico da tuberculose pulmonar
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Lima, Karla Valéria Batista

; Lopes, Maria Luíza

; Loureiro, Edvaldo Carlos Brito

; Costa, Maurimélia Mesquita

; Cardoso, Ninarosa Calzavara

; Lima, George Leandro Ferreira

; Sousa, Maísa Silva

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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apr 2007, Volume 40 N. 2 Pages 212 - 215

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A reação em cadeia da polimerase usada para amplificação de uma seqüência interna de um fragmento previamente amplificado (nested-PCR) foi investigada como uma alternativa complementar a pesquisa de bacilos álcool ácido resistentes e a cultura do Mycobacterium tuberculosis em meio de Lowenstein-Jensen. Foram investigadas 144 amostras de escarro de pacientes suspeitos de tuberculose encaminhados ao Laboratório de Tuberculose do Instituto Evandro Chagas em Belém, no período de junho de 2002 a dezembro de 2003. Das 144 amostras, 121 foram caracterizadas como tuberculose, 119 foram positivas na cultura, 95 na baciloscopia e 128 na nested-PCR. A sensibilidade da nested-PCR foi 96% (116/121), enquanto a especificidade foi 48% (11/23). A nested-PCR poderá ser uma ferramenta complementar para o diagnóstico da tuberculose, pois apresenta sensibilidade equivalente à cultura, no entanto, necessita de maiores avaliações visando minimizar o número de resultados falso-positivos.

The polymerase chain reaction used for amplifying an internal sequence of a previously amplified fragment (nested-PCR) was investigated as a complementary alternative for searching for alcohol-acid resistant bacilli and Mycobacterium tuberculosis cultures in Lowenstein-Jensen medium. 144 sputum samples were investigated from patients with suspected tuberculosis that were sent to the Tuberculosis Laboratory of the Evandro Chagas Institute in Belém, between June 2002 and December 2003. From the 144 samples, 121 were characterized as tuberculosis: 119 were positive in cultures, 95 under bacilloscopy and 128 using nested-PCR. The sensibility of the nested-PCR was 96% (116/121), while the specificity was 48% (11/23). Nested-PCR may be a complementary tool for diagnosing tuberculosis, since it presents sensitivity equivalent to that of cultures. However, further evaluations are needed with the aim of minimizing the number of false-positive results.

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