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Fatores associados ao homicídio de mulheres no Brasil, segundo raça/cor, 2016-2020
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Nery, Mona Gizelle Dreger

; Nery, Felipe Souza Dreger

; Pereira, Sheila Regina dos Santos

; Cavalcante, Lara Aguiar

; Gomes, Beatriz Mota

; Teles, Ana Cláudia Oliveira

; Luiz, Olinda do Carmo

; Araújo, Edna Maria de

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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2024, Volume 29 N. 3 elocation e10202023

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract This ecological, time-trend study examined rates of homicide against women residing in Brazil, by state and race/colour, from 2016 to 2020, by performing. Multiple analysis by regression model on longitudinal data. During the study period, 20,405 homicides of women were recorded in Brazil. Standardised homicides rates were higher among black women (6.1/100,000) than among white women (3.4/100,000). From 2016 to 2020, rates decreased 25.2%, from 4.7 deaths per 100,000 women in 2016 to 3.5 in 2020, with a statistically significant downward trend among both black and white women. Statistically significant inverse relationships were found between female homicide rates and HDI, illiteracy rate and proportion of ill-defined causes. The average homicide rate decreased in 2019 and 2020, as compared with 2016. Despite the decreasing time trend in homicide rates for both black and white women, they differed substantially by race, with worse outcomes for black women.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar as taxas de homicídios contra mulheres residentes no Brasil, segundo unidades da federação e raça/cor, no período de 2016 a 2020. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico de tendência temporal. Foi realizada análise múltipla adotando-se modelo de regressão para dados longitudinais. No período, ocorreram no Brasil 20.405 homicídios de mulheres e as taxas padronizadas mostraram que as mulheres negras (6,1/100.000) apresentaram as maiores taxas, em comparação às brancas (3,4/100.000). O Brasil apresentou queda de 25,2% de 2016 a 2020. A taxa de homicídio variou de 4,7 mortes por 100 mil mulheres em 2016 para 3,5 em 2020, mas a tendência decrescente e estatisticamente significante foi observada nas taxas de mulheres negras e brancas. As variáveis IDH, taxa de analfabetismo e proporção de causas mal definidas apresentaram uma relação inversa e estatisticamente significante com as taxas de homicídio de mulheres. Nos anos de 2019 e 2020 houve uma diminuição da taxa média de homicídio em relação ao ano de 2016. Apesar do decrescimento na evolução temporal das taxas para negras e brancas, houve diferenças raciais importantes nos homicídios de mulheres, com piores resultados para as mulheres negras.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232024293.10202023

Racial discrimination predicts the increase in body weight and BMI in Black individuals from ELSA-Brasil cohort
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Machado, Amanda Viana

; Camelo, Lidyane V.

; Menezes, Sara Teles de

; Guimarães, Joanna M. N.

; Chor, Dora

; Griep, Rosane Harter

; Matos, Sheila Maria Alvim de

; Molina, Maria Del Carmen Bisi

; Giatti, Luana

; Barreto, Sandhi Maria

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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jun 2023, Volume 28 N. 6 Pages 1655 - 1662

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract We investigated whether racial discrimination accelerates the weight and Body Mass Index (BMI) gain in Blacks and Browns participants of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) in four years of follow-up. We compared body weight and BMI between the 1st (2008-2010) and 2nd visit (2012-2014) of 5,983 Blacks and Browns participants. Exposure to racial discrimination and covariates (age, sex, education, and research center) were obtained at the 1st visit. Linear mixed effects models stratified by race/skin color were used. Report of racial discrimination was more frequent among Blacks (32.1%) than Browns (6.3%). During the follow-up period, Blacks and Browns gained an average of 1.4kg and 1.2kg, respectively. This increase was greater among those who reported discrimination when compared to those who did not, both in Blacks (2.1kg vs.1.0kg, p < 0.001) and Browns (1.9kg vs. 1.1kg, p < 0.05). The results of the interaction between racial discrimination and time showed that Blacks, but not Browns, who reported racial discrimination had greater weight and BMI gains between visits. Our results suggest that reducing racial discrimination would contribute to prevent and/or control obesity increase in the country.

Resumo Investigou-se se a discriminação racial acelera o ganho de peso corporal e o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) em pretos e pardos participantes do Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil) em quatro anos de seguimento. Comparou-se o peso corporal e o IMC entre a 1ª (2008-2010) e a 2ª visita (2012-2014) de 5.983 participantes pretos e pardos. A exposição à discriminação racial e às covariáveis (idade, sexo, escolaridade e centro de pesquisa) foram obtidas na 1ª visita. Foram utilizados modelos lineares de efeitos mistos estratificados por raça/cor da pele. O relato de discriminação racial foi mais frequente entre pretos (32,1%) do que em pardos (6,3%). Durante o período de acompanhamento, pretos e pardos ganharam uma média de 1,4kg e 1,2kg, respectivamente. Esse aumento foi maior entre os que relataram discriminação, quando comparados aos que não relataram, tanto em pretos (2,1 kg vs. 1,0 kg, p < 0,001) quanto em pardos (1,9kg vs. 1,1kg, p < 0,05). Após ajustes, os pretos, mas não os pardos, que relataram discriminação racial apresentaram maiores ganhos de peso e IMC entre as visitas. Nossos resultados sugerem que a redução da discriminação racial pode contribuir para prevenir e/ou controlar o aumento da obesidade no país.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232023286.14992022

Racial discrimination predicts the increase in body weight and BMI in Black individuals from ELSA-Brasil cohort
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Machado, Amanda Viana

; Camelo, Lidyane V.

; Menezes, Sara Teles de

; Guimarães, Joanna M. N.

; Chor, Dora

; Griep, Rosane Harter

; Matos, Sheila Maria Alvim de

; Molina, Maria Del Carmen Bisi

; Giatti, Luana

; Barreto, Sandhi Maria

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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jun 2023, Volume 28 N. 6 Pages 1655 - 1662

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232023286.14992022

National Vaccine Coverage Survey 2020: methods and operational aspects
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Barata, Rita Barradas

; França, Ana Paula

; Guibu, Ione Aquemi

; Vasconcellos, Maurício Teixeira Leite de

; Moraes, José Cássio de

; Teixeira, Maria da Gloria Lima Cruz

; Domingues, Carla Magda Alan

; Borges, Maria Fernanda de Souza Oliveira

; de Azevedo, Roberta Nogueira Calandrini

; de Oliveira, Consuelo Silva

; Oliveira, Andrea de Nazaré Marvão

; Canales, Ivy Thereza

; Nascimento, Valdir

; Queiroz, Rejane Christine de Souza

; Lima, Luísa Helena de Oliveira

; Ramos Jr, Alberto Novaes

; Barbosa, Jaqueline Caracas

; Mirabal, Isabelle Ribeiro Barbosa

; Meira, Meiruska

; Antunes, Maria Bernadete de Cerqueira

; Teixeira, Maria Denise de Castro

; Gurgel, Ricardo Queiroz

; de Carvalho, Martha Suely Itaparica

; Cesar, Tayñana

; Maciel, Ethel Leonor Noia

; da Gama, Silvana Granado Nogueira

; Luhm, Karin Regina

; Boing, Antônio Fernando

; Mengue, Sotero Serrate

; de Oliveira, Sandra Maria do Valle Leone

; Lima, Jaqueline Costa

; Teles, Sheila Araújo

; Caetano, Karlla Antonieta Amorim

; de Araújo, Wildo Navegantes

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2023, Volume 26 elocation e230031

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: Inquérito nacional de cobertura vacinal aos 12 e 24 meses de idade foi realizado para investigar as quedas nas coberturas a partir de 2016. Métodos: Amostra de 37.836 nascidos vivos das coortes de 2017 e 2018 residentes nas capitais, Distrito Federal (DF) e 12 cidades com mais de 100 mil habitantes, acompanhados nos primeiros 24 meses por registros nas cadernetas de vacinação. Setores censitários foram estratificados segundo condições socioeconômicas, e o mesmo número de crianças foi incluído para cada estrato. Calcularem-se coberturas vacinais de cada vacina e coberturas completas aos 12 e 24 meses, doses aplicadas, válidas e oportunas. Fatores familiares, maternos e da criança associados à cobertura foram pesquisados. Os motivos para não vacinar analisados foram: contraindicações médicas, dificuldades de acesso, problemas no funcionamento do programa e hesitação vacinal. Resultados: Os resultados preliminares mostram que menos de 1% das crianças não foram vacinadas, as coberturas pelo esquema completo são menores que 75% em todas as capitais e no DF, as vacinas com mais de uma dose perdem cobertura progressivamente, há diferenças entre os estratos socioeconômicos, favoráveis aos estratos mais altos em algumas cidades e aos estratos mais baixos em outras. Conclusão: Houve realmente redução da cobertura vacinal em todas as capitais e no DF para as crianças nascidas em 2017 e 2018, denotando piora na execução do Programa Nacional de Imunizações durante os anos de 2017 a 2019. O inquérito realizado não mensurou os impactos da pandemia de COVID-19 que podem ter reduzido ainda mais as coberturas vacinais.

ABSTRACT Objective: The national vaccination coverage survey on full vaccination at 12 and 24 months of age was carried out to investigate drops in coverage as of 2016. Methods: A sample of 37,836 live births from the 2017 or 2018 cohorts living in capital cities, the Federal District, and 12 inner cities with 100 thousand inhabitants were followed for the first 24 months through vaccine record cards. Census tracts stratified according to socioeconomic levels had the same number of children included in each stratum. Coverage for each vaccine, full vaccination at 12 and 24 months and number of doses administered, valid and timely, were calculated. Family, maternal and child factors associated with coverage were surveyed. The reasons for not vaccinating analyzed were: medical contraindications, access difficulties, problems with the program, and vaccine hesitancy. Results: Preliminary results showed that less than 1% of children were not vaccinated, full coverage was less than 75% at all capitals and the Federal District, vaccines requiring more than one dose progressively lost coverage, and there were inequalities among socioeconomic strata, favorable to the highest level in some cities and to the lowest in others. Conclusion: There was an actual reduction in full vaccination in all capitals and the Federal District for children born in 2017 and 2018, showing a deteriorating implementation of the National Immunization Program from 2017 to 2019. The survey did not measure the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, which may have further reduced vaccination coverage.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720230031

Getting knowledge to provide care: prevalence and factors associated with Sexually Transmitted Infections in immigrants from Goiás
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Silva, Carla de Almeida

; Silva, Grazielle Rosa da Costa

; Martins, Thaynara Lorrane Silva

; Moura, Winny Éveny Alves

; Gomes, Davi Oliveira

; Bandeira, Gabriela Nolasco

; Carneiro, Megmar Aparecida dos Santos

; Gonzalez, Roxana Isabel Cardozo

; Pacheco, Leonora Rezende

; Zanchetta, Margareth Santos

; Lima, Juliana de Oliveira Roque e

; Teles, Sheila Araujo

; Caetano, Karlla Antonieta Amorim

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP

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2023, Volume 57 N. spe elocation e20230034

Abstract: En Es Pt | Text: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Objective: To estimate the prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) in immigrants and refugees living in the metropolitan region of Goiânia, Goiás. Method: This is a cross-sectional and analytical study. Data collection was carried out from July 2019 to January 2020 and 308 immigrants and refugees were included in the sample. All were underwent face-to-face interviews and were tested for HIV, Syphilis, and Hepatitis B, using rapid tests. Results: The general prevalence for any of the STIs investigated was 8.8% (95%CI 6.0% – 12.3%), being 5.8% (95%CI 3.6% – 8.9%) for Hepatitis B, 2.3% for Syphilis (95%CI 1.00% – 4.4%) and 0.7% for HIV (95%CI 0.1% – 2.1%). Multiple analysis, using logistic regression, showed that the variables male gender (OR = 2.7) and length of time living in Brazil (OR = 2.6) were significantly associated with STIs (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that STIs are a health problem in immigrants/refugees, which appear to be enhanced with the length of migration in the country. Public policies that guarantee health care for this population shall be considered.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia de Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual (ETS) en inmigrantes y refugiados residentes en la región metropolitana de Goiânia, Goiás. Método: Se trata de un estudio transversal y analítico. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo desde julio de 2019 hasta enero de 2020 y se incluyeron en la muestra 308 inmigrantes y refugiados. Todos fueron entrevistados cara a cara y sometidos a pruebas de VIH, Sífilis y Hepatitis B, mediante pruebas rápidas.. Resultados: La prevalencia general para cualquiera de las ETS investigadas fue de 8,8% (IC95% 6,0% – 12,3%), siendo 5,8% (IC95% 3,6% – 8,9%) para Hepatitis B, 2,3% para Sífilis (IC95% 1,00% – 4,4%) y 0,7% para VIH (IC95% 0,1% – 2,1%). El análisis múltiple, mediante regresión logística, mostró que las variables género masculino (OR = 2,7) y tiempo de residencia en Brasil (OR = 2,6) se asociaron significativamente con las ETS (p < 0,05). Conclusión: Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que las ETS son un problema de salud en inmigrantes/refugiados, que parecen exacerbarse con la duración de la migración en el país. Se deben considerar políticas públicas que garanticen la atención de la salud de esta población.

RESUMO Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência de Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis (IST) em imigrantes e refugiados residentes na região metropolitana de Goiânia, Goiás. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal e analítico. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de julho de 2019 a janeiro de 2020 e integraram a amostra 308 imigrantes e refugiados. Todos foram entrevistados face-a-face e testados para HIV, Sífilis e Hepatite B, por meio de testes rápidos. Resultados: A prevalência geral para alguma das IST investigadas foi de 8,8% (IC95% 6,0% – 12,3%), sendo 5,8% (IC95% 3,6% – 8,9%) para Hepatite B, 2,3% para Sífilis (IC95% 1,00% – 4,4%) e 0,7% para HIV (IC95% 0,1% – 2,1%). A análise múltipla, por regressão logística, mostrou que as variáveis sexo masculino (OR = 2,7) e tempo de moradia no Brasil (OR = 2,6) foram associadas significativamente às IST (p < 0,05). Conclusão: Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que as IST são um problema de saúde em imigrantes/refugiados, que parecem ser exacerbadas com o tempo de migração no país. Políticas públicas que garantam a assistência à saúde dessa população devem ser consideradas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2023-0034en

National Vaccine Coverage Survey 2020: methods and operational aspects
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Barata, Rita Barradas

; França, Ana Paula

; Guibu, Ione Aquemi

; Vasconcellos, Maurício Teixeira Leite de

; Moraes, José Cássio de

; Teixeira, Maria da Gloria Lima Cruz

; Domingues, Carla Magda Alan

; Borges, Maria Fernanda de Souza Oliveira

; de Azevedo, Roberta Nogueira Calandrini

; de Oliveira, Consuelo Silva

; Oliveira, Andrea de Nazaré Marvão

; Canales, Ivy Thereza

; Nascimento, Valdir

; Queiroz, Rejane Christine de Souza

; Lima, Luísa Helena de Oliveira

; Ramos Jr, Alberto Novaes

; Barbosa, Jaqueline Caracas

; Mirabal, Isabelle Ribeiro Barbosa

; Meira, Meiruska

; Antunes, Maria Bernadete de Cerqueira

; Teixeira, Maria Denise de Castro

; Gurgel, Ricardo Queiroz

; de Carvalho, Martha Suely Itaparica

; Cesar, Tayñana

; Maciel, Ethel Leonor Noia

; da Gama, Silvana Granado Nogueira

; Luhm, Karin Regina

; Boing, Antônio Fernando

; Mengue, Sotero Serrate

; de Oliveira, Sandra Maria do Valle Leone

; Lima, Jaqueline Costa

; Teles, Sheila Araújo

; Caetano, Karlla Antonieta Amorim

; de Araújo, Wildo Navegantes

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2023, Volume 26 elocation e230031

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720230031

Hepatitis A and E among immigrants and refugees in Central Brazil
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Silva, Grazielle Rosa da Costa e

; Martins, Thaynara Lorrane Silva

; Silva, Carla de Almeida

; Caetano, Karlla Antonieta Amorim

; Carneiro, Megmar Aparecida dos Santos

; Silva, Bruno Vinicius Diniz e

; Pacheco, Leonora Rezende

; Villar, Livia Melo

; Paula, Vanessa Salete de

; Martins, Regina Maria Bringel

; Teles, Sheila Araújo

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2022, Volume 56 elocation 29

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) among immigrants and refugees in Goiás, Central Brazil. METHODS Overall, 355 individuals were interviewed, and blood samples were tested for anti-HAV and anti-HEV IgG. Anti-HEV-positive samples were similarly tested for HEV RNA. RESULTS All participants were from Latin American countries, most of whom, young adult males. The overall anti-HAV IgG prevalence was 87.4% (95%CI: 83.5–90.4), of whom 94.9%, 75.6%, and 60% were from Haiti, Venezuela, and other Latin American countries, respectively (p < 0.001). Age above 19 years and more than 36 months residing in Brazil were associated with a higher prevalence of previous HAV and HEV infection, respectively. Of the children eligible for HAV vaccination according to the National Immunization Program, only eight (44%) had been vaccinated. The overall anti-HEV IgG prevalence was 6.5% (95%CI: 4.4–9.5). All anti-HEV IgG-positive individuals were Haitians, including a child born in Brazil. HEV RNA was detected in two of the anti-HEV IgG-positive samples. CONCLUSION The survey detected a high prevalence of anti-HAV and anti-HEV IgG among immigrants and refugees, and active HEV infection among some Haitian participants. Prevention measures are urgently required to interrupt enteric virus transmission in this emergent and vulnerable population.

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2022056003839

Hepatitis A and E among immigrants and refugees in Central Brazil
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Silva, Grazielle Rosa da Costa e

; Martins, Thaynara Lorrane Silva

; Silva, Carla de Almeida

; Caetano, Karlla Antonieta Amorim

; Carneiro, Megmar Aparecida dos Santos

; Silva, Bruno Vinicius Diniz e

; Pacheco, Leonora Rezende

; Villar, Livia Melo

; Paula, Vanessa Salete de

; Martins, Regina Maria Bringel

; Teles, Sheila Araújo

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2022, Volume 56 elocation 29

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2022056003839

Cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo de alimentos para niños de zonas rurales costeras del Ecuador: Construcción, validez relativa y calibración
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Morejón, Yadira

; Fonseca, Rosemary

; Teles, Carlos

; Chico, Martha

; Rodrigues, Laura

; Barreto, Mauricio

; Cooper, Philip

; Alvim, Sheila

Revista chilena de nutrición

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oct 2021, Volume 48 N. 5 Pages 687 - 697

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Food frequency questionnaires are research tools widely used at the population level to assess food intake, especially in childhood. The objectives of this study were to develop and determine the relative validity of the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) for the evaluation of food intake among Ecuadorian schoolchildren. One hundred children from rural coastal areas of Ecuador, aged 6 to 8 years, were included. Mothers completed 1 FFQ frequency and two 24-hour recalls (R24h gold standard). Pearson correlation, weighted Kappa and the Bland Altman method were used to assess validity. Linear regression models were used including R24h as a dependent variable and FFQ as an independent variable to derive calibration factors. The Pearson coefficients ranged between -0.03 and 0.24. The Kappa values varied between -0.05 and 0.24, the Bland-Altman plots were between the limits near the midline and the calibration factors ranged from -0.01 to 0.16. The FFQ was considered appropriate to evaluate energy and nutrient consumption, however, due to its weak to moderate agreement this must be corrected using calibration values. This FFQ is a useful tool for evaluating diet and the relationship between diet and disease in this population group.

RESUMEN Los Cuestionarios de Frecuencia de Consumo de Alimentos son herramientas de investigación ampliamente utilizadas a nivel poblacional para evaluar la ingesta alimentaria, especialmente en niños. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron construir y determinar la validez relativa del Cuestionario de Frecuencia de Consumo de Alimentos (CFCA) para la evaluación de la ingesta entre niños ecuatorianos en edad escolar. Fueron incluidos 100 niños entre 6 y 8 años de edad de zonas costeras rurales del Ecuador. Las madres completaron 1 CFCA y 2 Recordatorios de 24 horas (R24h, estándar oro). Se utilizaron correlaciones de Pearson, Kappa ponderado y el método de Bland Altman para evaluar su validez. Se aplicaron modelos de regresión lineal incluyendo el R24h como variable dependiente y CFCA como variable independiente para derivar factores de calibración. Los coeficientes de Pearson oscilaron entre -0,03 y 0,24. Los valores de Kappa variaron entre -0,05 y 0,24, los gráficos de Bland-Altman se encuentran entre los límites cerca de la línea media y los factores de calibración oscilaron entre -0,01 a 0,16. Después de aplicar los factores de calibración, las ingestas medias de energía, macro y micro nutrientes fueron similares a las obtenidas en el R24h. El CFCA fue considerado apropiado para evaluar consumo de energía y nutrientes, sin embargo, debido a su concordancia débil a moderada este debe ser corregido mediante los valores de calibración. Asimismo, este CFCA es una herramienta útil para la evaluación de la dieta y la relación entre la dieta y la enfermedad en este grupo poblacional.

572 downloads

10.

Travestis and transsexual women: who are at higher risk for sexually transmitted infections?
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Santos, Paulie Marcelly Ribeiro dos

; Santos, Kamila Cardoso dos

; Magalhães, Larissa Silva

; Oliveira, Brunna Rodrigues de

; Carneiro, Megmar Aparecida dos Santos

; Souza, Márcia Maria de

; Caetano, Karlla Antonieta Amorim

; Pacheco, Leonora Rezende

; Teles, Sheila Araújo

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2021, Volume 24 elocation e210017

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Objetivo: Comparar características sociais, comportamentos de risco e infecções sexualmente transmissíveis entre travestis e mulheres transexuais. Métodos: Estudo transversal conduzido em três cidades de Goiás, Brasil Central. De abril de 2018 a agosto de 2019, foram entrevistadas mulheres trans a respeito de características sociodemográficas, discriminação, preconceito, comportamentos sexuais, drogas ilícitas e testagem prévia para HIV e sífilis. Resultados: Um total de 166 travestis e 249 mulheres transexuais foram investigadas. Embora as violências sexual, física e verbal fossem comuns para ambos os grupos, comportamentos sexuais, uso de drogas ilícitas, prisão e teste positivo para HIV e sífilis foram mais frequentes entre as travestis quando comparadas às mulheres transexuais. Conclusão: Os presentes resultados ratificam que as travestis brasileiras apresentam maior risco para infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST); portanto, os gestores de saúde devem levar em conta esse desequilíbrio nas propostas de medidas de intervenção em saúde.

ABSTRACT: Objective: To compare social characteristics, risk behaviors, and sexually transmitted infections among travestis and transsexual women. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out in three cities in Goiás, Central Brazil. Trans women were interviewed on sociodemographic characteristics, discrimination, prejudice, sexual behavior, illicit drugs, and previous testing for HIV and syphilis between April 2018 and August 2019. Results: A total of 166 travestis and 249 transsexual women were investigated. Although sexual, physical, and verbal violence were common to both groups, sexual behavior, use of illicit drugs, prison, and previous positive HIV and syphilis testing were more frequent among travestis than in transsexual women. Conclusion: The present findings confirm that Brazilian travestis are at greater risk for sexually transmitted infections (STI), indicating that health services should take this imbalance into account in terms of health intervention proportions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720210017

11.

Travestis and transsexual women: who are at higher risk for sexually transmitted infections?
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Santos, Paulie Marcelly Ribeiro dos

; Santos, Kamila Cardoso dos

; Magalhães, Larissa Silva

; Oliveira, Brunna Rodrigues de

; Carneiro, Megmar Aparecida dos Santos

; Souza, Márcia Maria de

; Caetano, Karlla Antonieta Amorim

; Pacheco, Leonora Rezende

; Teles, Sheila Araújo

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2021, Volume 24 elocation e210017

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720210017 945 downloads

12.

Human immunodeficiency virus infection and syphilis among homeless people in a large city of Central-Western Brazil: prevalence, risk factors, human immunodeficiency virus-1 genetic diversity, and drug resistance mutations
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Pinheiro, Raquel Silva

; Carvalho, Paulie Marcelly Ribeiro dos Santos

; Matos, Marcos André de

; Caetano, Karlla Antonieta Amorim

; Paula, Andressa Cunha de

; Carneiro, Megmar Aparecida dos Santos

; Reis, Mônica Nogueira da Guarda

; Martins, Regina Maria Bringel

; Stefani, Mariane Martins de Araújo

; Teles, Sheila Araujo

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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2021, Volume 25 N. 1 elocation 101036

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Homeless people are at high risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs), such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and syphilis. We investigated the epidemiology of HIV-1 infection and syphilis among homeless individuals in a large city in Central-Western Brazil. In this cross-sectional study, we interviewed and tested 355 individuals from September 2014 to August 2015. Rapid test samples positive for syphilis were retested using the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test. Blood samples from HIV-infected participants were collected for POL sequencing using HIV-1 RNA extracted from plasma, reverse transcription, and nested polymerase chain reaction. Anti-HIV-1-positive samples were subtyped by sequencing the nucleotides of HIV-1 protease and part of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase genes. Transmitted and acquired drug resistance mutations and susceptibility to antiretroviral drugs were also analyzed. Anti-HIV was positive in 14 patients (3.9%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.3–6.4). HIV-1 RNA was detected in 8 of the 14 samples. Two of the eight (25%) isolates showed HIV-1 drug resistance mutations. Furthermore, 78 (22%; 95% CI: 17.9–26.5) and 29 (8.2%; 95% CI: 5.6–11.4) homeless individuals tested positive for syphilis using the rapid test and VDRL test, respectively. Two individuals were anti-HIV-1 and VDRL test positive. Daily alcohol use (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 3.2, 95% CI: 1.0–10.4), sex with people living with HIV (PLWH) infection (AOR: 6.8, 95% CI: 1.9–25.0), and sex with people of the same sex (AOR: 5.4, 95% CI: 1.7–17.5) were predictors of HIV infection. Age ≤35 years (AOR: 3.8, 95% CI: 1.4–10.8), previous syphilis testing (AOR: 3.5, 95% CI: 1.4–8.4), history of genital lesions (AOR: 4.9, 95% CI: 1.3–19.1), and crack use in the last six months (AOR: 3.1, 95% CI: 1.3–7.6) were predictors of syphilis. Our findings highlight the importance of STI prevention and control strategies among the homeless.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2020.11.001 163 downloads

13.

VEGF gene rs35569394 polymorphism in patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
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Fernandes, Sheila Silveira

; Marqui, Alessandra Bernadete Trovó de

; Teles, Daniela Reis Fernandes

; Resende, Elisabete Aparecida Montovani Rodrigues

; Lima, Marco Fábio Prata

; Gomes, Mariana Kefalas Oliveira

; Cintra, Mariangela Torreglosa Ruiz

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira

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oct 2020, Volume 66 N. 10 Pages 1396 - 1401

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO OBJETIVO: Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a frequência do polimorfismo de inserção (I)/ deleção (D) do gene VEGF (rs35569394) em pacientes com Síndrome dos Ovários Policísticos (SOP) e comparar com uma população controle para verificar sua associação com a patologia. MÉTODOS: Participaram desse estudo 206 mulheres sendo 103 com SOP (grupo de pacientes) e 103 sem a doença (grupo controle). Após extração do DNA genômico das amostras, a análise molecular foi realizada por Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase e eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida. Utilizou-se análise descritiva, análise univariada e modelo de regressão logística. Os resultados foram apresentados em odds ratio (OR) e intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC-95%), considerando a significância de p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferenças estatísticas entre as pacientes e controles para as frequências alélicas (χ2 = 1,16, p = 0,56). A distribuição da frequência genotípica estava em equilíbrio de Hardy Weinberg para as pacientes (χ2= 2,42; p<0,12), mas não para o grupo controle (χ2= 7,26; p<0,05). Em relação aos fatores de risco para a síndrome, a história de SOP familiar é mais frequente entre as mulheres com a síndrome. CONCLUSÕES: Na casuística estudada, não há associação entre o polimorfismo I/D do gene da VEGF e a SOP.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The relationship between the clinicopathological and sociodemographics characteristics of acral melanomas diagnosed at BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the frequency of VEGF gene insertion (I) / deletion (D) polymorphism (rs35569394) in patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) and to compare with a control population to verify its association with the pathology. METHODS: 206 women participated in this study, 103 with PCOS (group of patients) and 103 without the disease (control group). After extraction of genomic DNA from the samples, molecular analysis was performed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and electrophoresis in polycrylamide. Descriptive analysis, univariate analysis and logistic regression model were used. Results were presented in odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI), considering the significance of p <0.05. RESULTS: There were no statistical differences between patients and controls for allele frequencies (χ2 = 1.16, p = 0.56). The genotypic frequency distribution was in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium for the patients (χ2 = 2.42; p <0.05), but not for the control group (χ2 = 7.26; p <0.05). Regarding risk factors for the syndrome, a history of familial PCOS is more frequent among women with the syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, there is no association between VEGF gene I / D polymorphism and PCOS.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.66.10.1396 686 downloads

14.

Factors associated with the use and reuse of face masks among Brazilian individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic
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Pereira-Ávila, Fernanda Maria Vieira

; Lam, Simon Ching

; Góes, Fernanda Garcia Bezerra

; Gir, Elucir

; Pereira-Caldeira, Natalia Maria Vieira

; Teles, Sheila Araújo

; Caetano, Karla Antonieta Amorim

; Goulart, Maithê de Carvalho e Lemos

; Bazilio, Thamara Rodrigues

; Silva, Ana Cristina de Oliveira e

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem

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2020, Volume 28 elocation e3360

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Objetivo identificar os fatores associados à utilização e à reutilização de máscaras entre brasileiros durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Método estudo transversal desenvolvido nas cinco regiões brasileiras, entre adultos, via formulário eletrônico por meio de mídias sociais, contendo informações gerais e referentes à utilização de máscaras. Foram utilizadas análises bivariadas e regressões logísticas binárias para identificar fatores associados à utilização e à reutilização. Resultados participaram do estudo 3.981 (100%) pessoas. A utilização de máscaras totalizou 95,5%, (IC 95%: 94,8-96,1), com destaque para as de tecido (72,7%; IC 95%: 71,3-74,1) e as cirúrgicas (27,8%; IC 95%: 26,5-29,2). A porcentagem de reutilização foi de 71,1% (IC 95%: 69,7-72,5). A maioria (55,8%; IC 95%: 51,7-60,0) que usa, exclusivamente, máscara cirúrgica reutiliza-a. O sexo feminino e o contato prévio com pessoas com sintomas respiratórios aumentaram as chances de utilização (p≤0,001). Contudo, o sexo feminino diminuiu a possibilidade de reutilização da máscara cirúrgica (p≤0,001). Conclusão a quase totalidade dos participantes relatou utilizar máscaras, sendo mais recorrente a de tecido. Os achados chamam atenção para uma prática de risco, a reutilização da máscara cirúrgica e de papel. Diretrizes, políticas públicas e estratégias educativas são necessárias para o desenvolvimento de práticas assertivas no controle e prevenção da COVID-19.

Objective to identify the factors associated with the use and reuse of masks among Brazilian individuals in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method cross-sectional study conducted in the five Brazilian regions, among adult individuals, via an electronic form disseminated in social media, addressing general information and the use of masks. Bivariate analysis and binary logistic regression were used to identify the factors associated with the use and reuse of masks. Results 3,981 (100%) individuals participated in the study. In total, 95.5% (CI 95%: 94.8-96.1) reported using masks. Fabric masks were more frequently reported (72.7%; CI 95%: 71.3-74.1), followed by surgical masks (27.8%; CI 95%: 26.5-29.2). The percentage of reuse was 71.1% (CI 95%: 69.7-72.5). Most (55.8%; CI 95%: 51.7-60.0) of those exclusively wearing surgical masks reported its reuse. Being a woman and having had contact with individuals presenting respiratory symptoms increased the likelihood of wearing masks (p≤0.001). Additionally, being a woman decreased the likelihood of reusing surgical masks (p≤0.001). Conclusion virtually all the participants reported the use of masks, most frequently fabric masks. The findings draw attention to a risky practice, that of reusing surgical and paper masks. Therefore, guidelines, public policies, and educational strategies are needed to promote the correct use of masks to control and prevent COVID-19.

Objetivo identificar los factores asociados con el uso y la reutilización de máscaras entre brasileños durante la pandemia del COVID-19. Método estudio transversal desarrollado en las cinco regiones brasileñas, entre adultos, aplicándose un formulario electrónico a través de las redes sociales, que contiene información general y relativo al uso de máscaras. Se utilizaron análisis bivariados y regresiones logísticas binarias para identificar los factores asociados con el uso y la reutilización. Resultados 3.981 (100%) personas participaron en el estudio. El uso de máscaras totalizó 95.5% (IC 95%: 94.8-96.1), particularmente las de tejido (72.7%; IC 95%: 71.3-74.1) y la quirúrgicas (27.8%; IC 95%: 26.5-29.2). El porcentaje de reutilización fue del 71,1% (IC 95%: 69,7-72,5). La mayoría (55.8%; IC 95%: 51.7-60.0) que usa exclusivamente una máscara quirúrgica la reutiliza. El género femenino y el contacto previo con personas con síntomas respiratorios aumentaron las posibilidades de uso (p≤0.001). Sin embargo, el sexo femenino disminuyó la posibilidad de reutilizar la máscara quirúrgica (p≤0.001). Conclusión casi todos los participantes informaron haber usado máscaras, siendo aquella de tejido más frecuente. Los hallazgos llaman la atención sobre una práctica arriesgada, la reutilización de la máscara quirúrgica y de papel. Las directrices, políticas públicas y estrategias educativas son necesarias para el desarrollo de prácticas asertivas en el control y la prevención del COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.4604.3360 6368 downloads

15.

Factors associated with the use and reuse of face masks among Brazilian individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic
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Pereira-Ávila, Fernanda Maria Vieira

; Lam, Simon Ching

; Góes, Fernanda Garcia Bezerra

; Gir, Elucir

; Pereira-Caldeira, Natalia Maria Vieira

; Teles, Sheila Araújo

; Caetano, Karla Antonieta Amorim

; Goulart, Maithê de Carvalho e Lemos

; Bazilio, Thamara Rodrigues

; Silva, Ana Cristina de Oliveira e

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

2020, Volume 28 elocation e3360

Abstract: En Es Pt | Text: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.4604.3360 77 downloads

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