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Genetic diversity of Lippia origanoides Kunth. in natural populations using ISSR markers
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Feijó, Emily Verônica Rosa da Silva

; Barbosa, Bárbara Laís

; van den Berg, Cássio

; Oliveira, Lenaldo Muniz de

Ciência e Agrotecnologia

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2022, Volume 46 elocation e000822

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A espécie medicinal Lippia origanoides Kunth. tem ampla ocorrência no Nordeste brasileiro, sendo conhecida como alecrim-d’angola. Porém, dados sobre a variabilidade genética da espécie na região são inexistentes. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi analisar os níveis de diversidade e estruturação genética das populações de L. origanoides ocorrentes no Estado da Bahia e Pernambuco, por meio de marcadores moleculares ISSR. Nas populações avaliadas o Índice de diversidade de Nei oscilou entre 0,162 e 0,237, o Índice de Shannon variou entre 0,247 e 0,350. A AMOVA identificou variação entre populações de 31%, sugerindo alta estruturação interpopulacional. A análise no Structure e o dendrograma gerado indicaram a possibilidade de separação das 18 populações em quatro grupos distintos. A coleta de germoplasma da espécie deve ser feita no maior número de populações possível, devido à alta estruturação genética encontrada. A região da Chapada Diamantina é uma área prioritária para obtenção de germoplasma de L. origanoides, pois detém as populações mais diversas.

ABSTRACT Lippia origanoides Kunth. is a medicinal plant that is widely available in the Northeast region of Brazil and is known as “alecrim-d’angola”. However, there is no information available on the genetic variability of this species in the region. Thus, the current study was aimed to analyze the genetic diversity and structuring of L. origanoides populations occurring in the states of Bahia and Pernambuco, Brazil, using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) molecular markers. The evaluated Nei’s diversity index of the populations varied from 0.162 to 0.237, and the Shannon diversity index varied from 0.247 to 0.350. In molecular variance (AMOVA) analysis, a variation of 31% was observed among the populations, which denotes a high interpopulation structuring. The structure analysis and dendrogram indicated the possibility of classifying the 18 populations into four groups. As their genetic structure is extremely high, it is important to collect L. origanoides germplasm, including as many populations as possible. Since the region of Chapada Diamantina holds the most diverse populations of L. origanoides germplasm, it is a priority area to obtain the germplasm.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-7054202246000822

Synopsis of Orchidaceae Juss. in the northern lowland Atlantic Forest
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Moreira, Luiz Henrique Liberato

; Berg, Cássio van den

; Barbosa, Maria Regina de Vasconcellos

Acta Botanica Brasilica

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2022, Volume 36 elocation e20220098

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Lowland forests, also known as tabuleiro forests, are the predominant phytophysiognomy in the Atlantic Coastal Forest in northeastern Brazil. We inventoried the Orchidaceae present in the northern section of those forests, from the state of Rio Grande do Norte until the southern region of the state of Pernambuco. We examined specimens from seven regional herbaria and undertook field expeditions to four conservation units in the region. A total of 65 species belonging to 36 genera and to subfamilies Epidendroideae (44 species), Orchidoideae (16), and Vanilloideae (5) were identified. The most diverse genera are Epidendrum e Habenaria, with eight and seven species, respectively. Native species represented 96 % of the total observed, with 27 % being endemic to Brazil. Epiphytic (35) and terrestrial (27) species predominated; only three species are hemiepiphytic. We registered 14 new records of species for Rio Grande do Norte, two for Paraíba, and one for Pernambuco. Diagnoses of genera and species, as well as an identification key, data on geographic distribution, taxonomic and ecological comments, conservation status, and photos of the species are provided.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2022-0098

An overview of the Sixth International Conference on the Comparative Biology of Monocotyledons - Monocots VI - Natal, Brazil, 2018
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Versieux, Leonardo M.

; Calvente, Alice

; Carvalho, Fernanda Antunes

; Fonseca, Carlos Roberto

; Lichston, Juliana Espada

; Voigt, Eduardo

; Fontes, Anderson Lopes

; Roque, Alan

; Williams, Joseph Hill

; Oliveira, Reyjane Patrícia de

; Viana, Pedro Lage

; Mercier, Helenice

; Palma-Silva, Clarisse

; Wendt, Tânia

; Temponi, Lívia Godinho

; Andrade, Ivanilza Moreira de

; Oriani, Aline

; Leandro, Thales D.

; Pessoa, Edlley Max

; Martinelli, Adriana Pinheiro

; André, Thiago

; Benko-Iseppon, Ana Maria

; Berg, Cássio van den

; Luz, Cynthia Fernandes Pinto da

; Prosdocimi, Francisco

; Jardim, Jomar G.

; Alves, Marccus

; Wanderley, Maria das Graças Lapa

; Forzza, Rafaela Campostrini

; Scatena, Vera Lucia

; Clark, Lynn G.

Rodriguésia

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2021, Volume 72 elocation e00622019

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Neste artigo nós apresentamos uma visão geral dos resumos, programação científica e social, viagens de campo e informações acerca do número de inscritos, países participantes, patrocínios e temas tratados durante a Sexta Conferência Internacional sobre Biologia Comparada de Monocotiledôneas, realizada em Natal, Brasil, de 7 a 12 de outubro de 2018. Alguns comentários recebidos pelos organizadores e sugestões para os organizadores do próximo Monocots, na Costa Rica, também são fornecidos. Este artigo complementa os dados publicados no livro de resumos, disponível no Repositório Digital da UFRN.

Abstract In this paper we present an overview of the abstracts, scientific and social programs, field trips, and achievements in terms of participant number, represented countries, sponsorships, and themes treated during the Sixth International Conference on the Comparative Biology of Monocotyledons that took place in Natal, Brazil, October 7th -12th 2018. Some comments received by the organizers and a few suggestions for organizers of the next meeting, in Costa Rica, are also provided. The conference’s complete abstract book was published and provide additional information.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202172035 395 downloads

Gene pool sharing and genetic bottleneck effects in subpopulations of Eschweilera ovata (Cambess.) Mart. ex Miers (Lecythidaceae) in the Atlantic Forest of southern Bahia, Brazil
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Santos, Alesandro S.

; Borges, Daniela B.

; Vivas, Caio V.

; Berg, Cassio Van Den

; Rodrigues, Polliana S.

; Tarazi, Roberto

; Gaiotto, Fernanda Amato

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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sep 2019, Volume 42 N. 3 Pages 655 - 665

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Forest loss and fragmentation are the main threats to the maintenance of the Atlantic Forest, an important global biodiversity hotspot. Because of the current critical level of deforestation, ecological corridors are needed to facilitate species dispersion and gene flow among fragments. This study was conducted to investigate the genetic variability and gene pool sharing of Eschweilera ovata in five forest remnants in southern Bahia, Brazil using nuclear simple sequence repeat (nSSR) and plastid simple sequence repeat (cpSSR) microsatellite markers. cpSSR marker analysis revealed the domains of four haplotypes, showing that 80% of the individuals had only four maternal origins, reflecting a founder effect and/or genetic bottleneck. The results of cpSSR and nSSR analyses indicated moderate genetic diversity, particularly in conservation units with full protection, which showed the best parameters of all areas evaluated. Another indication of the susceptibility of these populations to forest loss and fragmentation was the strong genetic bottleneck observed. In contrast, genetic structure analyses (FST and discriminant analysis of principal components) revealed gene pool sharing between the subpopulations, which may reflect the historical gene flow that occurred before forest fragmentation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2018-0140 1211 downloads

DNA barcoding in Atlantic Forest plants: what is the best marker for Sapotaceae species identification?
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Vivas, Caio Vinicius

; Moraes, Ramiris César Souza

; Alves-Araújo, Anderson

; Alves, Marccus

; Mariano-Neto, Eduardo

; van den Berg, Cássio

; Gaiott, Fernanda Amato

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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dec 2014, Volume 37 N. 4 Pages 662 - 670

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The Atlantic Forest is a phytogeographic domain with a high rate of endemism and large species diversity. The Sapotaceae is a botanical family for which species identification in the Atlantic Forest is difficult. An approach that facilitates species identification in the Sapotaceae is urgently needed because this family includes threatened species and valuable timber species. In this context, DNA barcoding could provide an important tool for identifying species in the Atlantic Forest. In this work, we evaluated four plant barcode markers (matK, rbcL, trnH-psbA and the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region -ITS) in 80 samples from 26 species of Sapotaceae that occur in the Atlantic Forest. ITS yielded the highest average interspecific distance (0.122), followed by trnH-psbA (0.019), matK (0.008) and rbcL (0.002). For species discrimination, ITS provided the best results, followed by matK, trnH-psbA and rbcL. Furthermore, the combined analysis of two, three or four markers did not result in higher rates of discrimination than obtained with ITS alone. These results indicate that the ITS region is the best option for molecular identification of Sapotaceae species from the Atlantic Forest.

3602 downloads

Isolation and molecular characterization of Rhizoctonia-like fungi associated with orchid roots in the Quadrilátero Ferrífero and Zona da Mata regions of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Nogueira, Ricardo Eustáquio

; Berg, Cassio van den

; Pereira, Olinto Liparini

; Kasuya, Maria Catarina Megumi

Acta Botanica Brasilica

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jun 2014, Volume 28 N. 2 Pages 298 - 300

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Mycorrhizal associations can be considered required for orchids, which depend on the fungi for germination and establishment in natural conditions. Knowledge of the mycorrhizal fungi is important for programs aimed at the reintroduction, conservation and management of orchid species. The objective of this study was the molecular characterization of Rhizoctonia-like fungi from orchids in the Quadrilátero Ferrífero ("Iron Quadrangle") and Zona da Mata ("Forest Zone") regions of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The affinities of these fungi were studied by comparing the rRNA internal transcribed spacer region with that of other isolates and sequences in GenBank. Three isolates had an affinity for Epulorhiza repens, and one was the holotypeof E. epiphytica.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-33062014000200017 3941 downloads Cited 2 times in SciELO

Taxonomic revision of Pseudolaelia Porto & Brade (Laeliinae, Orchidaceae)
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Menini Neto, Luiz

; Forzza, Rafaela Campostrini

; van den Berg, Cassio

Acta Botanica Brasilica

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jun 2013, Volume 27 N. 2 Pages 418 - 435

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Pseudolaelia is a genus endemic to eastern Brazil. The species are often epiphytes on Velloziaceae or are saxicolous, predominantly on granitic and gneissic outcrops (inselbergs) in the Atlantic Forest and, less often, in the campos rupestres (dry, rocky grasslands) of the cerrado (savanna) and caatinga (shrublands). The genus is characterized by homoblastic pseudobulbs, long rhizomes, long and usually slender inflorescences, racemes or panicles, bearing pink, yellow or whitish flowers, labellum often 3-lobed, with simple, fimbriate or erose margin, semi-cylindrical or claviform column, cuniculus present. Twelve species are recognized; seven binomials are placed in synonymy. Of those seven, three are considered illegitimate because, contrary to the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature guidelines, there are no corresponding type specimens deposited in a recognized herbarium, and those three were therefore lectotypified. We present descriptions of, illustrations of and a dichotomous key to Pseudolaelia species, as well as addressing their taxonomy, ecology, conservation and geographic distribution.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-33062013000200015 2401 downloads

A família Orchidaceae no município de Morro do Chapéu, Bahia, Brasil
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Bastos, Cláudia Araújo

; van den Berg, Cássio

Rodriguésia

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dec 2012, Volume 63 N. 4 Pages 883 - 927

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo florístico das Orchidaceae de Morro do Chapéu, município pertencente à Chapada Diamantina e localizado no estado da Bahia, Brasil. Cinquenta e três espécies distribuídas em 29 gêneros foram reconhecidas no presente trabalho. Dentre os gêneros mais diversos no município destacam-se Epidendrum (cinco espécies), Gomesa (cinco), Encyclia (quatro), e Habenaria (quatro). Morro do Chapéu apresentou 25 espécies exclusivas quando comparado com outros levantamentos regionais da Chapada Diamantina, contribuindo com quatro novos registros para esta área (Galeandra beyrichii, Gomesa barbata, Habenaria josephensis e Prescottia oligantha). Quinze espécies listadas neste levantamento não ocorrem nas outras áreas do leste brasileiro comparadas, estando distribuídas apenas ao longo da Cadeia do Espinhaço. Diferenças no tipo vegetacional, extensão territorial, grau de antropização e amostragem parecem interferir na similaridade florística dessas áreas. São apresentados chave de identificação, descrições, ilustrações e comentários sobre as espécies.

This work presents a floristic survey of Orchidaceae in Morro do Chapéu, municipality situated in the Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil. Fifty three species in twenty nine genera are hereby recognized. Epidendrum (five species), Gomesa (five), Encyclia (four), and Habenaria (four) were registered as the most diverse genera in the region. Morro do Chapéu had twenty five exclusive species compared with other regional surveys in the Chapada Diamantina, contributing with four new records for this area (Galeandra beyrichii, Gomesa barbata, Habenaria josephensis and Prescottia oligantha). Fifteen species listed do not occur in other compared areas of Eastern Brazil, being only distributed over the Cadeia do Espinhaço. Differences among vegetation types, territorial ranges, anthropical degrees and samples, seem to interfere with the floristic similarity of these areas. An identification key, descriptions, commentaries and illustrations of species are provided.

5327 downloads Cited 2 times in SciELO

Molecular phylogeny, morphology and their implications for the taxonomy of Eriocaulaceae
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Giulietti, Ana M.

; Andrade, Maria José G.

; Scatena, Vera L.

; Trovó, Marcelo

; Coan, Alessandra I.

; Sano, Paulo T.

; Santos, Francisco A.R.

; Borges, Ricardo L.B.

; van den Berg, Cássio

Rodriguésia

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mar 2012, Volume 63 N. 1 Pages 001 - 019

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Eriocaulaceae é uma família pantropical com dez gêneros e cerca de 1.400 espécies, com centro de diversidade no Novo Mundo, especialmente no Brasil. A última revisão da família foi publicada há mais de 100 anos, e até recentemente, as relações genéricas e infra-genéricas ainda eram pouco resolvidas. Entretanto, tem havido nos últimos 30 anos, um grande esforço por parte de pesquisadores brasileiros para preencher as lacunas existentes, utilizando caracteres morfológicos e anatômicos, complementados por dados adicionais de diferentes fontes, como palinologia, química, embriologia, genética de populações, citologia e, mais recentemente, estudos de filogenia molecular. Tal conjunto de dados tem levado a uma re-avaliação do relacionamento filogenético dentro da familia. Neste trabalho são apresentados novos dados para as regiões de ITS e trnL-F, analisadas separadamente e em combinação, usando máxima parcimônia e inferência Bayesiana. Os dados obtidos confirmam resultados já publicados, e mostram que muitos caracteres tradicionalmente usados para diferenciação e circunscrição dos gêneros dentro da família são homoplásicos. Uma nova descrição e chave genérica para a família, utilizando caracteres de várias fontes são apresentadas, refletindo a taxonomia atual das Eriocaulaceae.

The pantropical family Eriocaulaceae includes ten genera and c. 1,400 species, with diversity concentrated in the New World. The last complete revision of the family was published more than 100 years ago, and until recently the generic and infrageneric relationships were poorly resolved. However, a multi-disciplinary approach over the last 30 years, using morphological and anatomical characters, has been supplemented with additional data from palynology, chemistry, embryology, population genetics, cytology and, more recently, molecular phylogenetic studies. This led to a reassessment of phylogenetic relationships within the family. In this paper we present new data for the ITS and trnL-F regions, analysed separately and in combination, using maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference. The data confirm previous results, and show that many characters traditionally used for differentiating and circumscribing the genera within the family are homoplasious. A new generic key with characters from various sources and reflecting the current taxonomic changes is presented.

5377 downloads

10.

A família Orchidaceae no Parque Municipal de Mucugê, Bahia, Brasil
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Azevedo, Cecília Oliveira de

; van den Berg, Cássio

Hoehnea

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2007, Volume 34 N. 1 Pages 01 - 47

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O levantamento da família Orchidaceae no Parque Municipal de Mucugê foi realizado através de coletas mensais durante o período de um ano. Foram encontradas 35 espécies em 22 gêneros. Destas, 18 são citadas pela primeira vez para o município de Mucugê, oito para a região da Chapada Diamantina e quatro para o Estado da Bahia. Os gêneros Bulbophyllum, Epidendrum, Octomeria e Prescottia foram os mais representativos. Lectótipos foram selecionados para Acianthera hamosa (Bard. Rodr.) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase, Cattleya elongataBard. Rodr., Maxillaria cerifera Bard. Rodr. e Prescottia montana Bard. Rodr. Todos os táxons são descritos e ilustrados e chaves para identificação dos gêneros e espécies são apresentadas.

This study presents a survey of the Orchidaceae occurring in the "Parque Municipal de Mucugê, Mucugê", Bahia, Brazil. It was carried out trough monthly sampling during 12 months. Thirty five species of orchids were recorded in 22 genera, of which 18 species are for the first time reported for Mucugê, eight for the Chapada Diamantina and four for the state of Bahia. The main genera in number of species are Bulbophyllum, Epidendrum, Octomeria and Prescottia. Lectotypes for Acianthera hamosa (Bard. Rodr.) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase, Cattleya elongata Bard. Rodr., Maxillaria cerifera Bard. Rodr., and Prescottia montana Bard. Rodr. are chosen here. All taxa are described and illustrated, as well as identification keys for species and genera are provided.

3663 downloads Cited 7 times in SciELO

11.

Evidence of natural hybridization and introgression in Bulbophyllum involutum Borba, Semir & F. Barros and B. weddellii (Lindl.) Rchb. f. (Orchidaceae) in the Chapada Diamantina, Brazil, by using allozyme markers
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Azevedo, Cecília O.

; Borba, Eduardo L.

; Van Den Berg, Cássio

Brazilian Journal of Botany

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sep 2006, Volume 29 N. 3 Pages 415 - 421

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Hibridação entre B. involutum e B. weddellii (Orchidaceae) foi observada pela primeira vez na Serra do Cipó, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, o híbrido sendo descrito como B. ×cipoense Borba & Semir. Neste estudo, foi utilizada eletroforese de alozimas para testar a hipótese de ocorrência de hibridação entre estas espécies, como sugerido por caracteres morfológicos, na Chapada Diamantina, Estado da Bahia, Brasil. A falta de um locus diagnóstico não permite confirmação definitiva da hibridação natural, embora esta hipótese seja reforçada pela ausência de alelos exclusivos nos indivíduos supostamente híbridos. A existência de vários genótipos diferentes indica que ou a população é derivada de múltiplos eventos de hibridação, ou que os híbridos estão se reproduzindo. Homozigose em alguns indivíduos morfologicamente intermediários de alelos exclusivos à espécie B. involutum e a elevada similaridade genética entre eles reforçam a hipótese de introgressão em B. involutum, mas não em B. weddellii. A variabilidade genética observada em B. weddellii (He = 0,21) e B. involutum (He = 0,35) é elevada. Bulbophyllum weddellii e B. involutum apresentaram valor de similaridade genética muito elevado (0,94). Estas espécies, embora vegetativamente muito similares, têm sido colocadas em diferentes seções baseado na morfologia floral. Os resultados encontrados sugerem que estas espécies são mais relacionadas do que previamente suposto.

Hybridization between B. involutum and B. weddellii (Orchidaceae) has been first observed in the Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, the hybrid being described as B. ×cipoense Borba & Semir. In this study, allozime electrophoresis was used to test the hypothesis of occurrence of hybridization between these two species, as suggested by morphological characters, in the Chapada Diamantina, Bahia State, Brazil. The lack of a diagnostic locus does not allow definite confirmation of the natural hybridization, although this hypotheses is reinforced by the absence of exclusive alleles in the putative hybrid individuals. The existence of several different genotypes points out to either population derived from multiple hybridization events or the hybrids produced offspring. Homozigosity in some morphologically intermediate individuals of alelles which are exclusive to B. involutum and high genetic similarity between them reinforce the hypotheses of introgression in B. involutum, but not in B. weddellii. Genetic variability observed in B. weddellii (He = 0.21) and B. involutum (He = 0.35) is high. Bulbophyllum weddellii and B. involutum presented very high genetic similarity values (0.94). These species, although vegetatively similar, have been placed in different sections based on floral morphology. The results suggest that these species may be more related than previously supposed.

2608 downloads

12.

Richness and abundance of caterpillars on Byrsonima (Malpighiaceae) species in an area of cerrado vegetation in Central Brazil
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Andrade, Isabel

; Morais, Helena C

; Diniz, Ivone R

; van den Berg, Cássio

Revista de Biología Tropical

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dec 1999, Volume 47 N. 4 Pages 691 - 695

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Hicimos un registro cuantitativo de larvas de Lepidoptera que se alimentán de tres espécies de Byrsonima (Malpighiaceae) que ocurren en el Brasil Central: B. crassa Nied , B. verbascifolia L. Rich and B. coccolobifolia (Spr.) Kunth. Nuestro principal objetivo fué estimar la abundancia y riqueza de orugas en cada una de las espécies de planta. Encontramos un patrón de baja abundancia y alta riqueza de espécies de orugas asociadas a las espécies de Byrsonima. Verificamos, todavía, que la similaridade entre la fauna de B. crassa y B. verbascifolia fué más alta que entre estas espécies y B. coccolobifolia. Una vez que se sabe que hojas con mayor cantidad de vellos pueden afectar la colonización y estratégias de forrageo de herbívoros, sugerimos que las diferencias en la comunidade de orugas asociadas a las distintas espécies de Byrsonima están relacionadas con los diferentes niveles de vellosidad apresentados por cada una de las espécies de plantas. Esta tendencia en Byrsonima es apoyada por el bajo número de orugas encontradas en hojas jóvenes de B. crassa y B. verbascifolia que tienen muchos pelos.

We sampled lepidopteran caterpillars on three Byrsonima species (Malpighiaceae) in Central Brazil: Byrsonima crassa , Byrsonima verbascifolia and Byrsonima coccolobifolia between May 1993 and July 1994. Fifteen individuals of each plant species were censused weekly. Our main goal was to estimate the abundance and richness of lepidopteran larvae within each plant species. Only 13% of the 1 621 sampled plants had caterpillars on their leaves. This percentage was similar within each plant species. We found a pattern of low abundance and high richness of lepidopteran species associated with Byrsonima. There were 48 morphospecies and 46% of them occurred just once. There was a higher similarity between the fauna of B. crassa and B. verbascifolia than between these and B. coccolobifolia. Once it is known that hairy leaves can affect herbivore colonization and foraging strategy, we suggest that differences in the lepidopteran community associated with Byrsonima spp. are linked with different levels of pubescence on the leaf surface of each plant species. This tendency in Byrsonima is supported by the small number of caterpillars found on young leaves of B. crassa and B. verbascifolia, which are quite hairy.

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