Pesquisa | SciELO

Abstract Objective: To analyze the existing state legislation, including not only the ordinary laws, but also their infralegal regulation and the state legislation on Hospital Dentistry. Material and Methods: A survey was carried out in the databases of the Legislative Assemblies of the Brazilian States and the Federal District, as well as the Regional and Federal Councils of Dentistry in Brazil. Subsequently, a survey was carried out in the databases of the Ministry of Health, State Dental Councils and Federal Dental Council in Brazil. Results: Only 8 Brazilian states have legislation in force regarding hospital dentistry, which represents 29.63% of the federative units. Among the Brazilian regions, the Midwest presented the highest prevalence of the laws found (37.50%), followed by the North (25%) and the other regions with the same coverage (12.50%). Also, an orientation and an ordinance from the Ministry of Health, six resolutions from the Federal Council of Dentistry, and a technical note from the National Health Surveillance Agency were found. Conclusion: Several States do not have rules on the subject, making it imperative to create a federal rule that not only imposes the presence of the dentist, but also regulates the proportion of the team, workload, and availability.

https://doi.org/10.1590/pboci.2024.003

Enseñanza inclusiva de educación vial. Una propuesta basada en la construcción de cuentos interactivos
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Forlin, Gisela Lucila

; Bruquetas Correa, Emilia Gabriela

; Mariño, Sonia I

; González, Romina

; Melis, Ingrid

; Díaz, Liliana

; Reyes, Gastón de los

; Broll, Eugenio

Revista Iberoamericana de Tecnología en Educación y Educación en Tecnología

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Jan 2023, Nº 34 Páginas 90 - 97

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen El artículo se desarrolla desde un enfoque interdisciplinario que media entre informática educativa, educación vial e inclusión educativa. Se presenta el proceso de elaboración de un software que propicia acciones educativas inclusivas tendientes al logro del aprendizaje de saberes indispensables de la educación vial basados en la utilización de pictogramas. Se trata de una investigación aplicada, con fuentes primarias, preeminentemente cualitativa cuya indagación de campo se justifica en las evidencias relevadas de la realidad objeto de estudio. Los resultados giran en torno a un software lúdico orientado al aprendizaje de temas de educación vial, diseñado para niños y adolescentes sordos e hipoacúsicos. Este software permite a los participantes construir su propia historia a partir de elecciones que realizan entre un conjunto de posibilidades. La solución informática se validó con una muestra de 25 estudiantes de entre 6 a 14 años de edad. La evaluación reveló las diferentes apreciaciones de los usuarios, lo que contribuyó a las adaptaciones y mejoras en la selección de los pictogramas utilizados en las historias contextualizadas. Por ello, la retroalimentación permitió incluir en el desarrollo de este dispositivo educativo, las percepciones de los potenciales destinatarios, con miras a lograr progresivamente una buena experiencia de usuario.

Abstract The article is developed from an interdisciplinary approach that mediates between educational informatics, road safety education and educational inclusion. It presents the process of developing a software that promotes inclusive educational actions aimed at achieving the learning of essential knowledge of road safety education based on the use of pictograms. This is an applied research, with primary sources, preeminently qualitative, whose field research is justified by the evidence gathered from the reality under study. The results revolve around a playful software designed for deaf and hard of hearing children and teenagers to learn about road safety education. This software allows participants to construct their own story based on choices they make among a set of possibilities. The software solution was validated with a sample of 25 students between 6 and 14 years old. The evaluation revealed the different assessments of the users, which contributed to adaptations and improvements in the selection of the pictograms used in the contextualized stories. Therefore, feedback allowed to include the perceptions of potential recipients in the development of this educational device, with a view to progressively achieving a good user experience.

https://doi.org/10.24215/18509959.34.e10

Agreement between vector analysis and body composition measurements by four types of bioelectrical impedance technology in hemodialysis patients
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Espinosa-Cuevas, Ángeles

; Ch-Durán, Larissa Ximena

; Atilano-Carsi, Ximena

; González-Ortiz, Ailema

; Ramos-Acevedo, Samuel

; López-Cisneros, Sonia

; Correa-Rotter, Ricardo

; Miranda-Alatriste, Paola Vanessa

Nutrición Hospitalaria

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Out 2022, Volume 39 Nº 5 Páginas 1047 - 1057

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Antecedentes: se desconoce si existen diferencias en el diagnóstico dado por el análisis de vectores de impedancia bioeléctrica (BIVA por sus siglas en inglés) entre los analizadores que utilizan distintas tecnologías de medición de impedancia bioeléctrica (IBE). Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar el grado de concordancia entre el diagnóstico por BIVA de cuatro técnicas diferentes de medición de IBE, así como evaluar el grado de concordancia entre sus estimaciones de masa magra (MM) y masa grasa (MG) en comparación con el método de absorciometría de rayos X de energía dual (DEXA) en un subgrupo de pacientes sin sobrecarga de volumen. Métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica avanzada (ERCA) en hemodiálisis (HD) con edades entre los 18 a 65 años. La IBE se midió con cuatro diferentes tecnologías: espectroscópica (IBE-BIS), multifrecuencia (IBE-MF), una sola frecuencia (IBE-SF) y multifrecuencia segmental (IBE-MS). Se analizaron las diferencias y concordancias entre los componentes de la IBE (resistencia, reactancia y ángulo de fase) de los cuatro analizadores. Se identificaron pacientes con estado de hidratación normal, y solo en ellos se evaluó la concordancia de FFM y FM entre cada analizador de impedancia y DEXA. Resultados: se incluyeron 30 pacientes. La concordancia entre los componentes del IBE varió de buena a excelente (ángulo de fase: coeficiente de correlación intraclase (ICC) = 0,82, IC del 95 %: 0,77-0,93; resistencia: ICC = 0,98, IC del 95 %: 0,92-0,99). La concordancia general en el diagnóstico de BIVA entre los analizadores fue substancial para la hidratación (k = 0,71, IC del 95 %: 0,71-0,72) y los tejidos corporales (k = 0,68, IC del 95 %: 0,67-0,68). Los gráficos de Bland-Altman mostraron un sesgo más bajo entre BIA-BIS y DEXA tanto para FM como para FFM. Conclusiones: la concordancia entre el diagnóstico por BIVA, entre los cuatro dispositivos, fue sunstancial. El analizador BIA-BIS y DEXA mostraron los sesgos más bajos, tanto para FFM como para FM, aunque con límites de concordancia más altos. Los límites más bajos de concordancia se encontraron con el analizador BIA-MS.

Abstract Background: the differences in bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) results from different analyzers that use different bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) measurement technologies are not known. This study aimed to identify the degree of agreement between the BIVA results of four different BIA measurement techniques and to evaluate the degree of agreement between their estimates of fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) and those determined by the gold-standard method of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in a subgroup of patients without overhydration. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted with hemodialysis (HD) patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) aged 18 to 65 years. BIA was measured with four different techniques: spectroscopic (BIA-BIS), multifrequency (BIA-MF), single-frequency (BIA-SF), and segmental multifrequency (BIA-MS) techniques. The differences and concordance between the components of the BIA (resistance, reactance, and phase angle) of the four devices were analyzed. Patients with a normal hydration status were identified, and concordance between FM and FFM measurements with each impedance device and DEXA was observed only in these patients. Results: thirty patients were included. The concordance between the components of BIA ranged from good to excellent (phase angle: intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.82, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 0.77-0.93; resistance: ICC = 0.98, 95 % CI: 0.92-0.99). The overall concordance for BIVA diagnosis between the analyzers was substantial for hydration (k = 0.71, 95 % CI: 0.71-0.72) and for body tissues (k = 0.68, 95 % CI: 0.67-0.68). Bland–Altman plots showed the lowest bias between BIA-BIS and DEXA for both FM and FFM. Conclusions: the agreement among the four devices was good for diagnosis by BIVA. The BIA-BIS analyzer and DEXA had the lowest bias for both FFM and FM, although with higher limits of agreement. The lowest limits of agreement were found with the BIA-MS analyser

https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.04005

Bilateral vocal fold paralysis after COVID-19 infection. Another neuro-invasive manifestation? Case series
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Correa Barrera, Juan José

; Gómez del Pulgar Vázquez, Blanca

; Vinasco, Adriana Orozco

; Sánchez Zamora, Purificación

; Sánchez Solano, Sonia

; Martos Gisbert, Natalia

; Saz Castro, Rubén

; Orozco Vinasco, David

; San Juan Álvarez, Mónica

; García Rueda, Antonio

Colombian Journal of Anestesiology

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Mar 2022, Volume 50 Nº 1 elocation e502

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen El agente causal de la enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19), asociado a síndrome respiratorio agudo grave (SARS-CoV-2), genera un espectro de síntomas que afectan fundamentalmente el sistema respiratorio, el sistema nervioso central (SNC), la regulación hemostásica y el sistema inmune. La parálisis bilateral de cuerdas vocales (PBCV) es una entidad cuya incidencia en infectados se desconoce, bien porque no se presentan durante el tiempo suficiente o por la dificultad de establecer una causalidad directa con el virus. La infección vírica, como causa de PBCV, está descrita en la literatura y se sospecha que una parte de los casos idiopáticos corresponden a infecciones víricas no diagnosticadas. Aunque los mecanismos neurotrópicos no están completamente aclarados para el SARS-CoV-2, existen indicios sólidos para asegurar su potencial neuroinvasivo. Las causas traumáticas, neoplásicas y neurológicas son las etiologías más comunes de PBCV, sin que se pueda descartar el origen vírico. Es plausible una causalidad entre el COVID-19 y la PBCV, que requerirá mayores estudios a corto y largo plazo. Presentamos una serie de casos que sostienen y discuten la hipótesis en consideración.

Abstract The agent that causes the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), associated with the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2), produces a spectrum of symptoms that mainly affect the respiratory system, the central nervous system (CNS), the regulation of hemostasis and the immune system. Bilateral vocal fold paralysis (BVFP) is a condition of unknown incidence among infected patients, either because it is short-lived or because of the difficulty in establishing a direct cause to the virus. Viral infection has been described in the literature as a cause of BVFP and there is the suspicion that a proportion of the idiopathic cases are due to undiagnosed viral infections. Although the neurotropic mechanisms for SARS-CoV-2 remain unclear, there is strong evidence to ensure its neuroinvasive potential. The most frequent etiologies of BVFP are trauma, neoplasm, and neurological, but a viral origin should not be ruled out. Causality between COVID-19 and BVFP is plausible and will require further study in the short and long term. We present a case series that support and discuss the hypothesis under consideration.

https://doi.org/10.5554/22562087.e978 227 downloads

Recommendations for the diagnosis and management of persons with suspected vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT)
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Yomayusa, Nancy

; Acevedo, Juan

; Virginia, Abello Polo

; Izaguirre, Raúl

; Ramírez, Carlos

; Solano, María Helena

; Ramírez, Sergio

; Rodríguez, Patricia

; Morón, Lina

; De la Hoz, Ilich

; Chacón, Kelly Rocio

; Gutiérrez, Paula

; Agudelo, Claudia

; Hernández, Sonia

; León, Guillermo

; Accini, José

; Ortíz, Guillermo

; Concha-Mejia, Alejandro

; Contreras, Rubén

; Escobar, Bibiana

; Espinosa, Tatiana

; González, Camilo

; Yama, Erica

; Aroca, Gustavo

; Guillermo, Cecilia

; Hamann, Otto

; Horlandy, Laura

; Moreno, Claudia

; Mejía, Natalia

; Mendoza, Fernán

; Castellanos, Jeffrey

; Rozo, Jose

; Montero, Camilo

; Navarro, José

; Oñate, José

; Pinto, Diego

; Restrepo, Natalia

; Saenz, Oscar

; Triana, Lina

; Correa, Liliana

; Sabbagh, Luis

; Castillo, Ana

; Torres, Rodolfo

; Lineros, Alberto

Infectio

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Mar 2022, Volume 26 Nº 1 Páginas 3 - 10

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen En meses recientes se han reportado casos raros de trombocitopenia y trombosis en sitios inusuales, que ocurren dentro de una ventana de riesgo típica ( por ejemplo de 4 a 28 días) luego de recibir vacunas de SARS CoV 2. Los profesionales de la salud deben estar preparados para detectar estos casos a tiempo. Un panel de expertos y una red de transferencia de conocimiento realizó una búsqueda libre de literatura seleccionada. Con la información disponible y la experticia clínica del grupo de trabajo revisamos y dimos recomendaciones para la sospecha temprana, el diagnostico (definición de caso, el uso de pruebas de laboratorio especificas y de imágenes diagnósticas) para le manejo de estas condiciones tromboticas. Este documento es considerado un documento vivo que debe ser actualizado a medida que surja nueva evidencia y las recomendaciones vayan cambiando con el tiempo

Abstract In recent months, rare cases of thrombosis at unusual sites associated with thrombocytopenia, occurring within a typical risk window (i.e., 4-28 days) after receiving SARS CoV2 vaccines, have been reported. Healthcare professionals should be prepared to detect these cases on time. The Expert Panel of the Knowledge Management and Transfer Network conducted a free search of the related literature. With the available information and the clinical expertise of the working group, we formulated, reviewed, and endorsed recommendations for the timely suspicion, diagnosis (case definitions, the use of initial laboratory and imaging tests, specific tests), and management of these thrombotic conditions. This document is considered a living document that will be updated as new evidence emerges, and recommendations may change over time.

https://doi.org/10.22354/in.v26i1.987 68 downloads

Leaf extract of Coffea arabica L. reduces lipid peroxidation and has anti-platelet effect in a rat dyslipidemia model
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Simões, Mario Henrique Souza

; Salles, Bruno Cesar Correa

; Duarte, Stella Maris da Silveira

; Silva, Marcelo Aparecido da

; Viana, André Luiz Machado

; Moraes, Gabriel de Oliveira Isaac de

; Figueiredo, Sonia Aparecida

; Ferreira, Eric Batista

; Rodrigues, Maria Rita

; Paula, Fernanda Borges de Araújo

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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2022, Volume 58 elocation e19562

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant potential of the Coffea arabica Lineu (L.) leaf extract and its effects on platelet aggregation of dyslipidemic rats. The extract was obtained by the percolation of C. arabica L. leaves in hydroethanolic solution 70% (v/v). The mass spectrometry FIA-ESI-MS² suggested the presence of chlorogenic acid, rutin acid, and quinic acid. The DPPH• radicals scavenging capacity was demonstrated (IC50 = 0.06 mg/mL). The extract was administered to rats by gavage (300 mg/kg/day) for 56 days. Dyslipidemia was induced by administering Triton WR-1339 (300 mg/kg body weight) on the 54th day. On day 56, blood was collected by puncturing the abdominal aorta artery and the aortic artery was removed. Lipid profile, markers of renal and hepatic injury, lipid peroxidation, and platelet aggregation tests were carried out. The ingestion of extract reduced the lipid peroxidation (aorta and plasma) and platelet aggregation in dyslipidemic rats. The extract did not affect markers of renal and hepatic function as analyzed in this study, suggesting neither impaired liver nor kidney function in these animals. Therefore, our results demonstrate that the extract of leaves of C. arabica L. show antioxidant potential in vitro and in vivo as well as anti-platelet aggregation in dyslipidemic animals.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902022e19562

Sífilis gestacional: análisis de factores de riesgo en un centro materno infantil de Lima, Perú (2015-2020)
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Erazo-Medina, Luisa Liliana

; García-Cajaleón, Judith Daysi

; Sotelo-Muñoz, Sonia Alejandrina

; Rivera-Beltrán, Susana Elizabeth

; Reyes-Ortiz, Sara Carmen

; Campos-Correa, Karen Elizabeth

Ginecología y obstetricia de México

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2022, Volume 90 Nº 11 Páginas 901 - 909

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen OBJETIVO: Analizar los factores de riesgo asociados con la sífilis en embarazadas atendidas en un centro materno infantil de Lima, Perú. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo, analítico de casos y controles efectuado en una población de embarazadas, tamizadas para sífilis, en el Centro Materno Infantil Villa María del Triunfo, Lima, Perú, de enero de 2015 a julio del 2020. Se integró un grupo de casos de embarazadas con diagnóstico de sífilis, con prueba reactiva PRS-PRD o RPR-VDRL bajo cualquier título, conforme a la definición del Ministerio de Salud del Perú y un grupo control de embarazadas sin diagnóstico de sífilis. Para el análisis bivariado entre los factores sociodemográficos, obstétricos y conductuales con la sífilis gestacional se utilizó la prueba estadística exacta de Fisher y χ2 de Pearson. RESULTADOS: De las 189 embarazadas estudiadas 63 resultaron con prueba reactiva positiva a sífilis; de éstas, 34 eran adolescentes. De las embarazadas sin sífilis, la mayoría (n = 124) tenía más de 19 años y solo 2 eran adolescentes. Los factores de riesgo más significativos para sífilis en embarazadas fueron: ser adolescente (p < 0.01), proceder de una zona urbana marginal (p < 0.01), ser soltera (p < 0.01), baja escolaridad y ser ama de casa (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONES: Los factores que incrementan significativamente la probabilidad de padecer sífilis en las embarazadas atendidas en un centro materno infantil de Lima, Perú, fueron: edad adolescente, procedencia urbano-marginal, soltería, deserción prenatal, inicio de temprano de relaciones sexuales, dos o más parejas sexuales y no usar preservativo.

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To analyze the risk factors associated with syphilis in pregnant women attended at a mother and child center in Lima, Peru. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Observational, retrospective, analytical case-control study performed in a population of pregnant women screened for syphilis at the Centro Materno Infantil Villa María del Triunfo, Lima, Peru, from January 2015 to July 2020. A group of cases of pregnant women diagnosed with syphilis, with reactive test PRS-PRD or RPR-VDRL under any title, according to the definition of the Ministry of Health of Peru and a control group of pregnant women without syphilis diagnosis were integrated. For the bivariate analysis between sociodemographic, obstetric and behavioral factors with gestational syphilis, the Fisher's exact and Pearson´s 2 exact statistical test was used. RESULTS: Of 189 pregnant women attended during the study period, 63 had a positive reactive test for syphilis; of these, 34 were adolescents. Of the pregnant women without syphilis, the majority (n = 124) were older than 19 years and only 2 were adolescents. The most significant risk factors for syphilis in pregnant women were being an adolescent (p < 0.01), coming from a marginal urban area (p < 0.01), being single (p < 0.01), low schooling, and being a housewife (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The factors that significantly increase the probability of having syphilis in pregnant women attended at a maternal and child center in Lima, Peru, were adolescent age, urban-marginal origin, single, prenatal desertion, early onset of sexual intercourse, two or more sexual partners, and not using a condom.

https://doi.org/10.24245/gom.v90i11.8154

Adolescentes en la escuela: grupos de reflexión para pensar en la práctica de la ciudadanía
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Ferreira-Koehler, Sonia María

; Pereira-Antonio dos Santos, Georgiano Joaquim

; de Souza-Correa, Caique Felipe

ALTERIDAD. Revista de Educación

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Dez 2021, Volume 16 Nº 2 Páginas 249 - 260

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract This experience report titled as “Teenagers at school: reflection groups upon the practice of citizenship” was characterized by a research-action and it seeks to demonstrate and to discuss the process of a think tank with adolescents as an interventionist alternative. This work is presented with the goal to encourage the exercise of an active citizenship at school and in other fields of the daily life. The study was carried out in 2019, with high school students of both sexes and with ages between 14 and 17 years, and took place in a public school in a city located in the interior of the State of São Paulo/Brazil. Five groups were structured and composed by a maximum of twenty students, who signed up voluntarily and were mediated by two facilitators that derived from the Psychology field. In this report we will describe the experience of a single group which topics about humanities and its challenges were discussed, such as self-knowledge, the role of school in society, family relations, health, gender relations, inequality, racism, injustice. The themes proposed by the students themselves provoked and favored the articulation of new knowledge about daily difficulties, enabling the application of learning at school and in another context.

Resumen Este informe de experiencia titulado “Adolescentes en la escuela: grupos de reflexión para pensar en la práctica de la ciudadanía” se caracterizó como una investigación-acción y busca mostrar y discutir el proceso de un grupo de reflexión con adolescentes, como una alternativa de intervención, destinada a estimular el ejercicio de la ciudadanía activa en la escuela y en otros ámbitos de la vida cotidiana. El estudio se realizó en 2019, con alumnos y alumnas de secundaria cuyas edades oscilaban entre los 14 y 17 años, en una escuela pública de una ciudad situada en el interior del Estado de São Paulo/Brasil. Se estructuraron cinco grupos con un máximo de 20 alumnos/alumnas, que se inscribieron voluntariamente, y fueron dirigidos por dos facilitadores del área de la psicología. Los encuentros tuvieron lugar en el espacio y horario escolar, una vez a la semana, sumando un total de 14 encuentros a lo largo del segundo semestre. En este informe se describe la experiencia de un único grupo en el que se debatieron temas sobre las humanidades y sus retos como el autoconocimiento, el papel de la escuela en la sociedad, las relaciones familiares, la salud, las relaciones de género, la desigualdad, el racismo y la injusticia. Los temas, propuestos por el propio alumnado, provocaron y favorecieron la articulación de nuevos conocimientos sobre las dificultades diarias permitiendo la aplicación del aprendizaje en la escuela y en otros contextos.

https://doi.org/10.17163/alt.v16n2.2021.07 22 downloads

Dolor abdominal y parálisis flácida, una aproximación a las porfirias: serie de casos y revisión de la literatura
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Nieto González, Manuel Alejandro

; Millán Pérez, Sonia Patricia

; Correa Aldana, Alejandra

; Galvis Chaparro, Maria Paula

; Herrera Centeno, María Paula

; Correa Cortés, Valentina

Revista de Gastroenterología del Perú

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Out 2021, Volume 41 Nº 4 Páginas 265 - 270

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN Las porfirias son trastornos metabólicos hereditarios causados por deficiencias enzimáticas de la biosíntesis del grupo HEM. Con presentación en distintos grupos de edades, más común en infancia y tercera a cuarta década de la vida, se caracterizan por elevación de porfirinas, y manifestaciones variadas cutáneas y neuro viscerales. Describimos una serie de 3 casos de pacientes femeninas en tercera década de la vida con dolor abdominal severo e inespecífico y una amplia gama de manifestaciones clínicas con sus complicaciones a corto y largo plazo en quienes se diagnosticó porfiria aguda intermitente (PAI). Se hará revisión en la literatura para aportar al reconocimiento temprano de estas condiciones e instaurar de forma temprana el manejo específico e impactar en desenlaces irreversibles.

ABSTRACT Porphyrias are inherited metabolic disorders caused by enzymatic deficiencies of HEM group biosynthesis. Most common in childhood at the third and fourth decade of life. They are characterized by increased levels of porphyrins, and various cutaneous, neurological, and visceral manifestations. We describe a series of 3 cases of female patients in the third decade of life with abdominal pain and a wide range of clinical manifestations and short and long-term complications. Our review contributes to the early recognition of these diseases to establish early specific managements to impact on irreversible outcomes.

https://doi.org/10.47892/rgp.2021.414.1258

10.

Cannabinoids in Neurology - Position paper from Scientific Departments from Brazilian Academy of Neurology
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BRUCKI, Sonia Maria Dozzi

; ADONI, Tarso

; ALMEIDA, Carlos Mauricio Oliveira

; ANDRADE, Daniel Ciampi de

; ANGHINAH, Renato

; BARBOSA, Luciana Mendonça

; BAZAN, Rodrigo

; CARVALHO, Alzira Alves de Siqueira

; CARVALHO, William

; CHRISTO, Paulo Pereira

; COLETTA, Marcus Della

; CONFORTO, Adriana Bastos

; CORREA-NETO, Ylmar

; ENGELHARDT, Eliasz

; FRANÇA JUNIOR, Marcondes Cavalcante

; FRANCO, Clelia

; VON GLEHN, Felipe

; GOMES, Helio Rodrigues

; HOULY, Caroline Gomes de Barros

; KAUP, Alexandre Ottoni

; KOWACS, Fernando

; KANASHIRO, Aline

; LOPES, Victor Gonçalves

; MAIA, Débora

; MANREZA, Maria

; MARTINEZ, Alberto Rolim Muro

; MARTINEZ, Sandra Cristina Gonçalves

; NADER, Saulo Nardy

; NEVES, Luciana de Oliveira

; OKAMOTO, Ivan Hideyo

; OLIVEIRA, Rogério Adas Ayres de

; PEIXOTO, Fabiano de Melo

; PEREIRA, Cristiana Borges

; SABA, Roberta Arb

; SAMPAIO, Leticia Pereira de Brito

; SCHILLING, Lucas Porcello

; SILVA, Marcus Tulius Teixeira

; SILVA, Emanuelle Roberta

; SMID, Jerusa

; SOARES, Cristiane Nascimento

; SOBREIRA-NETO, Manoel

; SOUSA, Nise Alessandra de Carvalho

; SOUZA, Leonardo Cruz de

; TEIVE, Hélio Afonso Ghizoni

; TERRA, Vera Cristina

; VALE, Matheus

; VIEIRA, Vitor Mendes Grise

; ZANOTELI, Edmar

; PRADO, Gilmar

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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Abr 2021, Volume 79 Nº 4 Páginas 354 - 369

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Os canabinoides compreendem os endocanabinoides, fitocanabinoides e os canabinoides sintéticos e desempenham ações no sistema nervoso central e periférico. Uma quantidade enorme de publicações tem sido lançada nos últimos anos, embora a cannabis seja conhecida por milênios. Os Departamentos Científicos da Academia Brasileira de Neurologia descreveram as evidências do uso médico em suas áreas. A literatura está em constantes mudanças e possíveis novas evidências podem surgir nos próximos dias ou meses. A prescrição dessas substâncias deve ser discutida com os pacientes e suas famílias, com conhecimento sobre eventos adversos e sua eficácia.

ABSTRACT Cannabinoids comprehend endocannabinoids, phytocannabinoids, and synthetic cannabinoids, with actions both in the central and peripherical nervous systems. A considerable amount of publications have been made in recent years, although cannabis has been known for over a thousand years. Scientific Departments from the Brazilian Academy of Neurology described evidence for medical use in their areas. Literature is constantly changing, and possible new evidence can emerge in the next days or months. Prescription of these substances must be discussed with patients and their families, with knowledge about adverse events and their efficacy.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2020-0432 1049 downloads

11.

Cross-sectional associations between cognition and mobility in Parkinson’s disease
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Sousa, Nariana Mattos Figueiredo

; Macedo, Roberta Correa

; Brucki, Sonia Maria Dozzi

Dementia & Neuropsychologia

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Mar 2021, Volume 15 Nº 1 Páginas 105 - 111

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO. Estudos transversais mostram associação entre declínio da flexibilidade mental e controle inibitório com redução da velocidade de marcha e quedas, assim como déficit de atenção dividida e dificuldade para iniciar a marcha. Objetivo: Investigar as relações entre a função cognitiva e o desempenho da marcha em pacientes com Doença de Parkinson (DP) que participaram de um programa de reabilitação hospitalar. Métodos: Um total de 107 pacientes (79 homens, 28 mulheres; idade média de 61,00±8,2 anos, média de escolaridade 11,7±4,1) apresentando DP idiopática (duração média da doença: 5,5±4,1 anos) foram recrutados para o estudo. Desses, 78,50% estavam nos estágios I e II da Hoehn e Yahr. As funções cognitivas foram avaliadas por meio do teste de Dígitos Spam, Teste de Trilhas e Exame Cognitivo de Addenbrooke (terceira versão). A função motora foi examinada por meio do teste de caminhada de 10 metros, Mini BESTest e teste Timed Up and Go. Resultados: As análises de correlação mostraram que as habilidades de equilíbrio estavam significativamente correlacionadas com a cognição global e com domínios específicos, incluindo atenção dividida, fluência verbal e função visuoespacial. Além disso, a mobilidade funcional apresentou correlação significativa com todos os testes cognitivos, exceto TMT-A (erro). A velocidade da marcha mostrou correlação significativa com escores globais de cognição, memória e atenção, incluindo atenção dividida. Conclusões: Esses achados podem ajudar na identificação precoce de déficits cognitivos ou disfunções motoras em pacientes com DP que podem se beneficiar de estratégias de reabilitação, facilitar avaliações de risco de queda e estratégias de prevenção de queda. Estudos prospectivos futuros são necessários para investigar os efeitos do treino cognitivo no desempenho motor, uma vez que a dificuldade na reabilitação motora pode estar mais relacionada à perda cognitiva do que aos prejuízos motores.

ABSTRACT. Cross-sectional studies show an association of decline in mental flexibility and inhibitory control with reduced gait speed and falls, as well as divided attention deficit and difficulty in initiating gait. Objective: To investigate the relationships between cognitive function and gait performance in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) who participated in a hospital neurorehabilitation program. Methods: A total of 107 patients (79 males, 28 females; mean age 61.00±8.2 years; mean schooling 11.7±4.1 years) with idiopathic PD (mean disease duration 5.5±4.1 years) were recruited for this study. Among them, 78.50% were in stages I and II of the Hoehn & Yahr Scale. Cognitive functions were evaluated through the Digit Span test, Trail Making Test, and Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III. Motor function was assessed with the 10-Meter Walk Test, the short version of the Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest), and the Timed Up and Go Test. Results: Balance skills were significantly correlated with global cognition and specific domains, including divided attention, verbal fluency, and visuospatial function. Functional mobility showed a significant association with all cognitive tests, except for the number of errors on TMT-A. Gait speed presented a significant correlation with global cognition scores, memory, and attention, including divided attention. Conclusions: These findings might help early identification of cognitive deficits or motor dysfunctions in PD patients who may benefit from rehabilitation strategies, as well as facilitate fall risk assessments and strategies to prevent falls. Future prospective studies are needed to investigate the effects of cognitive training on motor performance, since the difficulty in motor rehabilitation may be more related to cognitive loss than to motor damage.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-57642021dn15-010011 662 downloads

12.

Nódulo pulmonar en pediatría: Más allá de la infección
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Peña-Cruz, Juan

; Correa-Jiménez, Óscar

; Aponte-Barrios, Nelson

; Molina-Ramírez, Iván

; Olaya-Morales, Natalia

; Restrepo-Gualteros, Sonia

; Villamil-Osorio, Milena

Andes pediatrica

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Fev 2021, Volume 92 Nº 1 Páginas 110 - 116

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: Introduction: The study of a pulmonary nodule in pediatrics is a diagnostic challenge where multiple pathologies must be taken into account, especially infections. In developing countries, where tuberculosis infec tion is endemic, it is one of the most likely diagnoses; however, the diagnostic possibility of malig nancy should never be overlooked. Objective: To describe a case report of a patient with a pulmonary nodule, that after ruling out the most frequent causes, a primary malignant tumor was diagnosed. Clinical Case: 17-year-old female patient with a one-month history of cough, dyspnea, and hemop tysis, without other symptoms. Since she did not respond to conventional antibiotic management, a chest CT scan with contrast was performed which showed a pulmonary nodule with irregular con tours, and with the bronchoalveolar lavage pulmonary infections were ruled out (pulmonary tuber culosis, fungal infection, and others bacteria). Biopsy of the lesion was performed to complete the study which histopathology was compatible with a mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). The patient underwent right low lobectomy and lymph node resection with good clinical response during three years of follow-up. Conclusion: Pulmonary nodule in pediatrics is a finding usually associated with infection, nevertheless, neoplastic conditions have to be considered, not only metastasis but also pri mary pulmonary malignant lesions due to prognosis implications.

Resumen: Introducción: El estudio del nódulo pulmonar en pediatría es un desafio diagnóstico, se debe tener en cuenta di ferentes patologías, especialmente infecciones. En países en desarrollo, donde la infección por tu berculosis es endémica, es uno de los diagnósticos más probables; sin embargo, las neoplasias como posibilidad diagnóstica no deben desestimarse. Objetivo: Describir el caso clínico de una paciente con un nódulo pulmonar en quien después de descartar las causas más frecuentes se diagnosticó una malignidad pulmonar primaria. Caso Clínico: Adolescente de 17 años, consultó por cuadro de un mes de evolución de tos, disnea y hemoptisis sin otros síntomas asociados, sin respuesta a terapias antibióticas habituales, por lo que se realizó una tomografía de tórax contrastada donde se evidenció un nódulo pulmonar en lóbulo inferior derecho de características irregulares, se descartó un proceso infeccioso por estudios de lavado bronco-alveolar (para tuberculosis, hongos y otras bacterias) y se completó estudio con biopsia, que fue compatible con carcinoma mucoepidermoide. Fue operada con lobectomía de lóbulo inferior derecho con vaciamiento ganglionar con respuesta clínica adecuada a tres años de seguimiento. Conclusión: El nódulo pulmonar en pediatría es un hallazgo que se asocia especialmente a infección, sin embargo, se debe tener en cuenta condiciones neoplásicas, no solo metástasis sino también lesiones malignas primarias del pulmón por las implicaciones en el pronóstico.

https://doi.org/10.32641/andespediatr.v92i1.2478 583 downloads

13.

Do commercial whitening dentifrices increase enamel erosive tooth wear?
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SIMÕES, Ana Clara Correa Duarte

; DIONIZIO, Aline

; CÂMARA, João Victor Frazão

; SABINO-ARIAS, Isabela Tomazini

; LEVY, Flávia Mauad

; VENTURA, Talita Mendes Oliveira

; BUZALAF, Nathalia Rabelo

; BATISTA, Thiago Beltrami Dias

; MAGALHÃES, Ana Carolina

; GROISMAN, Sonia

; BUZALAF, Marília Afonso Rabelo

Journal of Applied Oral Science

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2020, Volume 28 elocation e20190163

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective This in vitro study evaluated the effect of commercial whitening dentifrices on erosive tooth wear (ETW) of bovine enamel samples, in comparison with commercial regular dentifrices. Methodology Sixty bovine crowns were embedded in acrylic resin, polished and then had their baseline profile determined. They were randomly assigned to 5 groups (n=12/group), according to the type of commercial dentifrice to be tested: GI – Crest Anti-cavity Regular; GII – Crest 3D White; GIII – Colgate Total 12 Clean Mint; GIV – Colgate Optic White; GV – Placebo (negative control, fluoride-free dentifrice). The samples were submitted to daily erosive and abrasive challenges for 3 days. The erosive challenges were performed 3 times a day by immersing the specimens in 0.1% citric acid solution (pH 2.5) for 90 s. Each day after the first and last erosive challenges, the specimens were subjected to the abrasive challenge for 15 s, using a toothbrushing machine (Biopdi, São Carlos, SP, Brazil), soft toothbrushes and slurry (1:3 g/ml) of the tested toothpastes (1.5 N). The specimens were kept in artificial saliva between the challenges. The final profile was obtained and the ETW (µm) was calculated. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn’s tests (p<0.05). Results All dentifrices tested significantly reduced the enamel wear in comparison with the Placebo, except GIII. The median (95% CI) ETW was 1.35 (1.25-1.46)bc for GI, 1.17 (1.01-1.34)cd for GII, 1.36 (1.28-1.45)ab for GIII, 1.08 (1.04-1.14)d for GIV and 2.28 (2.18-2.39)a for GV. Conclusion When dentifrices from the same manufacturer were compared, the whitening dentifrices led to similar or less wear than the regular ones.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2019-0163 1717 downloads

14.

Evaluación del nivel de participación del nutricionista en la prescripción dietética en hospitales públicos y privados de Chile
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Onfray-Centonzio, Paulina

; Correa-Yáñez, María José

; Gamboa-Menai, Sonia A.

; Cancino-López, Viviana

; Durán-Agüero, Samuel

Perspectivas en Nutrición Humana

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Jun 2019, Volume 21 Nº 1 Páginas 71 - 79

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Antecedentes: actualmente, Chile tiene un déficit de dietistas clínicos y se desconoce si este déficit está afectando la prescripción de indicaciones dietéticas adecuadas para pacientes hospitalizados. Objetivo: evaluar el nivel de participación del nutricionista clínico en la prescripción dietética en los hospitales públicos y privados del territorio nacional, entre los meses de agosto y octubre del año 2016. Materiales y métodos: estudio exploratorio, descriptivo; se invitaron a participar a 360 nutri cionistas, contestaron 110 nutricionistas clínicos. Se aplicó un cuestionario de 21 preguntas, envia do vía correo electrónico. Resultados: las horas diarias dedicadas al servicio clínico presentaron una mediana de 6 horas, el 41,8 % de los encuestados tenía entre 26 y 50 pacientes a su cargo. El 99 % de los nutricionistas puede sugerir cambios en la prescripción dietética; sin embargo, un 45 % de las sugerencias realizadas al médico para modificar regímenes son registradas siempre en la ficha clínica. La participación en la prescripción dietética al inicio del tratamiento corresponde a un 9,1 %, en la evolución es de un 32,7 % y en la prescripción realizada al alta es de un 56,4 %. A más años de experiencia y más horas dedicadas al servicio se presenta un significativo mejor puntaje en la prescripción dietética (p<0,05). Conclusiones: el nivel de participación del nutricio nista clínico es medio, los nutricionistas con más años de experiencia y mayor número de horas dedicadas a los pacientes presentan mayor prescripción dietética.

Abstract Background: Currently Chile has a deficit of clinical dietitians and it is unknown if this deficit is affecting the prescrip tion of adequate dietary indications to hospital patients. Objective: Evaluate the participation level of clinical dietitians in the adequate prescription of dietary indications in public and private hospitals nationally, between August and November 2016. Materials and Methods: Exploratory descriptive study. 360 dietitians were invited to participate, and 110 accepted. A 21-question self-response questionnaire was sent to participants via email. Results: Daily hours dedicated to clinical services was a median of 6 hours among participants, 41.8% of whom had between 26 and 50 patients in their care. 99% of the dietitians are able to suggest changes to the dietary prescriptions; however only 45% of the modifications that are suggested to the doctors are ever recorded in the clinical records. Participation in dietary prescription at the beginning of patient treatment is 9.1 %, throughout the hospital stay is 32.7 %, and prescriptions made at discharge correspond to 56.4 %. More years of experience and more hours dedicated to clinical service cor respond to a significantly better percentage in dietary prescriptions administered (p<0.05). Conclusions: The level of dietitian participation is average; the dietitians with more years of experience and higher number of hours dedicated to patient care present better dietary prescription to hospital patients.

https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.penh.v21n1a06 499 downloads

15.

White-tailed deer sex identification from faecal DNA and pellet morphometry by neural network and fuzzy logic analyses
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Vega, Dania

; Gallina, Sonia

; Correa, Miguel

; Parra, M.

; Chairez, Isaias

Acta universitaria

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2019, Volume 29 elocation e2447

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Knowing the sex of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) individuals can provide information to set harvesting rates and management activities. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify the sex through classification function by using faecal pellet morphometry. Faeces were collected for 12 months in Durango, Mexico; their morphometric variables were measured, the faecal DNA was extracted, and the SRY gene marker was amplified to identify sex. A neural network and fuzzy logic sex classification functions were obtained. The outputs were validated with the SRY gene results. Data from adults in the winter were used to obtain the classification functions. Classification functions could accurately classify sex in 94.4% with neural networks and 86.9% with fuzzy logic. The neural network classified more accurately the sex of adult white-tailed deer studied in winter with the faecal pellets morphometry than with the fuzzy logic analysis. This technique can be a tool for non-invasive studies and monitoring of populations.

Resumen Conocer el sexo del venado cola blanca (Odocoileus virginianus) puede proporcionar información para establecer tasas de aprovechamiento y actividades de manejo. El objetivo de este estudio es identificar el sexo mediante la creación de funciones de clasificación para sexo obtenidas mediante morfometría de pellets fecales. Se colectaron heces durante 12 meses en Durango, México, a los cuales se les midieron sus variables morfométricas, extrajo ADN y amplificó el marcador genético SRY para identificar el sexo. Luego, se obtuvo una función de clasificación de sexo con redes neuronales y lógica difusa. Los resultados fueron validados con el gen SRY. Se utilizaron datos de adultos en invierno para obtener las funciones de clasificación. Se clasificó con precisión el sexo en 94.4% con redes neuronales y 86.9% con lógica difusa. Las redes neuronales clasificaron con mayor precisión el sexo del venado cola blanca con morfometría de pellets fecales de adultos en invierno que con lógica difusa. Esta técnica puede ser una herramienta para el estudio y monitoreo no invasivo de las poblaciones bajo manejo.

https://doi.org/10.15174/au.2019.2447 348 downloads

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