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Abstract Objective: this study aimed to evaluate whether low-salt low-protein diet (LPD) supplemented with 10 g of inulin could lower serum toxin levels in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), thereby providing evidence for adjusting dietary prescriptions of inhospital patients and outpatient nutrition consultants. Methods: we randomized 54 patients with CKD into two groups. Dietary protein intake compliance was evaluated using a 3-day dietary diary and 24-h urine nitrogen levels. The primary outcomes were indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresyl sulfate (PCS), and secondary outcomes included inflammation marker levels, nutritional status, and renal function. We assessed 89 patients for eligibility, and a total of 45 patients completed the study, including 23 and 22 in the inulin-added and control groups, respectively. Results: PCS values decreased in both groups after intervention: inulin-added group, ∆PCS -1.33 (-4.88, -0.63) µg/mL vs. LPD group, -4.7 (-3.78, 3.69) µg/mL (p = 0.058). PCS values reduced from 7.52 to 4.02 µg/mL (p < 0.001) in the inulin-added group (p < 0.001). Moreover, IS decreased from 3.42 (2.53, 6.01) µg/mL to 2.83 (1.67, 4.74) µg/mL after adding inulin; ∆IS was -0.64 (-1.48, 0.00) µg/mL, and a significant difference was observed compared with the control group (p = 0.004). The inflammation index decreased after intervention. Conclusion: dietary fiber supplementation may reduce serum IS and PCS levels and modulate their inflammatory status in predialysis CKD patients.

Resumen Objetivo: este ensayo aleatorizado doble ciego comparó el efecto de una dieta baja en proteínas (LPD) con o sin suplementos orales de 10 g de inulina en los niveles de PBUT en pacientes con ERC en prediálisis durante 12 semanas. Métodos: clasificamos aleatoriamente a 54 pacientes con ERC en dos grupos. El cumplimiento de la ingesta dietética de proteínas se evaluó utilizando un diario dietético de 3 días y nitrógeno en orina de 24 horas. Los resultados primarios fueron IS y PCS y los resultados secundarios incluyeron niveles de marcadores de inflamación, estado nutricional y función renal. Evaluamos la elegibilidad de 89 pacientes y 45 completaron la intervención, incluidos 23 y 22 en los grupos de inulina añadida y de control, respectivamente. Resultados: el sodio urinario promedio de 24 horas fue de 86 mmol/día y la ingesta promedio de proteínas fue de ~0,7 g/kg/día. Los valores de PCS exhibieron una tendencia decreciente en ambos grupos después de la intervención: grupo con inulina añadida, ∆PCS -1.33 (-4.88, -0.63) µg/mL vs. grupo LPD, -4.7 (-3.78, 3.69) µg/mL) (p =0,058). Los valores de PCS se redujeron de 7,52 a 4,02 µg/mL (p < 0,001) con inulina (p < 0,001). Además, IS disminuyó de 3,42 (2,53, 6,01) µg/mL a 2,83 (1,67, 4,74) µg/mL después de agregar inulina; El ∆IS fue -0,64 (-1,48; 0,00) µg/mL y se observó una diferencia significativa en comparación con el grupo control (p =0,004). Conclusión: la suplementación con fibra dietética puede reducir las toxinas de unión a proteínas séricas en pacientes con ERC en prediálisis y modular su estado inflamatorio.

https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.04643

cAMP-Epac1 signaling is activated in DDAVP-induced endolymphatic hydrops of guinea pigs
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Chuan, Wang

; Yuan, Li

; Wen, Jiang

; Jianwei, Zeng

; Caiji, Wang

; Zeqi, Zhao

; Yalan, Li

; Renlong, Ji

; Kang, Li

; Wei, Li

; Houguang, Liu

; Wen, Liu

; Yuehua, Qiao

; Xuanyi, Li

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

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Jun 2023, Volume 89 Nº 3 Páginas 469 - 476

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective To explore whether Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP)-Epac1 signaling is activated in 1-Desamino-8-D-arginine-Vasopressin-induced Endolymphatic Hydrops (DDAVP-induced EH) and to provide new insight for further in-depth study of DDAVP-induced EH. Methods Eighteen healthy, red-eyed guinea pigs (36 ears) weighing 200-350 g were randomly divided into three groups: the control group, which received intraperitoneal injection of sterile saline (same volume as that in the other two groups) for 7 consecutive days; the DDAVP-7d group, which received intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/mL/kg DDAVP for 7 consecutive days; and the DDAVP-14d group, which received intraperitoneal injection of 10 μg/mL/kg DDAVP for 14 consecutive days. After successful modeling, all animals were sacrificed, and cochlea tissues were collected to detect the mRNA and protein expression of the exchange protein directly activated by cAMP-1 and 2 (Epac1, Epac2), and Repressor Activator Protein-1 (Rap1) by Reverse Transcription (RT)-PCR and western blotting, respectively. Results Compared to the control group, the relative mRNA expression of Epac1, Epac2, Rap1A, and Rap1B in the cochlea tissue of the DDAVP-7d group was significantly higher (p< 0.05), while no significant difference in Rap1 GTPase activating protein (Rap1gap) mRNA expression was found between the two groups. The relative mRNA expression of Epac1, Rap1A, Rap1B, and Rap1gap in the cochlea tissue of the DDAVP-14d group was significantly higher than that of the control group (p< 0.05), while no significant difference in Epac2 mRNA expression was found between the DDAVP-14d and control groups. Comparison between the DDAVP-14d and DDAVP-7d groups showed that the DDAVP-14d group had significantly lower Epac2 and Rap1A (p< 0.05) and higher Rap1gap (p < 0.05) mRNA expression in the cochlea tissue than that of the DDAVP-7d group, while no significant differences in Epac1 and Rap1B mRNA expression were found between the two groups. Western blotting showed that Epac1 protein expression in the cochlea tissue was the highest in the DDAVP-14d group, followed by that in the DDAVP-7d group, and was the lowest in the control group, showing significant differences between groups (p< 0.05); Rap1 protein expression in the cochlea tissue was the highest in the DDAVP-7d group, followed by the DDAVP-14d group, and was the lowest in the control group, showing significant differences between groups (p< 0.05); no significant differences in Epac2 protein expression in the cochlea tissue were found among the three groups. Conclusion DDAVP upregulated Epac1 protein expression in the guinea pig cochlea, leading to activation of the inner ear cAMP-Epac1 signaling pathway. This may be an important mechanism by which DDAVP regulates endolymphatic metabolism to induce EH and affect inner ear function. Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine 2011 Levels of Evidence Level 5.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2023.03.002

Effects of dietary supplementation with yeast chromium or dihydropyridine on milk composition and serum biochemical indices of periparturient dairy cows under heat stress
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Zhang, L.W.

; Zhang, Y.F.

; Wang, C.

; Wang, S.Q.

; Zhang, S.B.

; Li, J.D.

; Gao, S.

; Qi, Z.L.

; Chen, H.J.

South African Journal of Animal Science

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2023, Volume 53 Nº 5 Páginas 637 - 648

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with chromium yeast (Cr-yeast) and dihydropyridine (DHP) on nutrient utilization, milk composition, and antioxidative status of prepartum dairy cows under heat stress. Twenty-four perinatal dairy cows (600 ± 14 kg; parity 2-3) were divided into three groups and fed the same basal diet with no supplement (control group), 8 g of Cr-yeast (Cr-yeast group), or 3 g of DHP (DHP group) per day. The experimental period consisted of a 7-d adaptation period and a 30-d data collection period from day 27 prepartum to day 3 postpartum. The temperature humidity index (THI) observed at daytime during the trial period exceeded 72, and the mean daily THI was 79.43. Norepinephrine in the Cr-yeast group decreased in prepartum cows. Serum cortisol in Cr-yeast or DHP group cows was lower in the postpartum period than in the control; however, serum cortisol levels decreased in the DHP group in the prepartum period. Dietary supplementation with Cr-yeast increased the digestibility of ether extract and the concentration of milk fat, while the solid non-fat (SNF) level was reduced. In the DHP group, the lactoprotein content was higher than the control. Total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) was higher and the malondialdehyde (MDA) content tended to increase before calving in the Cr-yeast and DHP groups. Dietary supplementation with Cr-yeast or DHP can relieve the adverse impact caused by heat stress in prepartum dairy cows.

https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v53i5.03

Determination of pyraclostrobin residue in wax gourd and its dietary risk assessment
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YAN, Zhenmin

; CAI, Guanghui

; JIN, Zhong

; FU, Yanyan

; MA, Jingwei

; LI, Meng

; HAN, Wenhao

; WU, Yanbing

Food Science and Technology

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2023, Volume 43 elocation e110622

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract To study the residue behavior of pyraclostrobin in wax gourd, and evaluate the risk of dietary intake. Wax gourd samples were extracted with acetonitrile, purified with PSA and C18, detected by HPLC-MS/MS. In 2017, the supervised field trials of pyraclostrobin in wax gourd were carried out in Henan, Jiangsu, Sichuan, Beijing, Hunan, and Guangxi. The STMR of pyraclostrobin in wax gourd was acquired, and then the risk of dietary intake was evaluated. At the three spiked levels of 0.01, 0.1 and 1.0 mg kg-1, the average recoveries ranged from 95% to 104%, the RSDs ranged from 2.1% to 3.8%, and LOQ was 0.01 mg kg-1. The dissipation of pyraclostrobin in wax gourd in Sichuan fitted to the first order kinetics with the half-life of 4.1d. The 250 gL-1 emulsifiable concentrate of pyraclostrobin was sprayed at 150 and 225 g a.i./hm2 for 2-3 times on wax gourd. The final residue level of pyraclostrobin in wax gourd was between <LOQ and 0.11 mgkg-1. The national estimated daily intake (NEDI) of pyraclostrobin was 0.3722 mg, accounting for 19.69% of the acceptable daily intake (ADI) for general population, which means that it will not pose unacceptable risks to the health of the general population.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.110622

Effects of Bamboo Vinegar on Production Performance, Egg Quality, Antioxidant Status, and Serum Biochemistry of Laying Hens in Summer
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Wang, K

; Yan, M

; Xi, M

; Han, G

; Li, Y

; Cui, Y

; Li, C

Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science

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2023, Volume 25 Nº 3 elocation eRBCA-2022-1749

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT This study investigated the effects of bamboo vinegar (BV) on production performance, egg quality, antioxidant status, and serum biochemical parameters of laying hens during summer. One hundred twenty 36-week-old Hy-Line Brown laying hens were randomly assigned to 4 groups, with 30 hens per group. The control group was fed a basal diet and 1 mL/kg, 5 mL/kg, and 10 mL/kg BV were added to the basal diet of the 0.1% BV, 0.5% BV and 1.0% BV groups, respectively. The experiment lasted 30 days and showed that the production performance was not significantly affected by the addition of BV (p>0.05). Egg shape index and glutathione peroxidase activity in serum in BV-supplemented groups were significantly increased (p<0.05). The total protein and the albumin content in the 0.1% BV, 0.5% BV, and 1.0% BV groups were significantly increased compared to the control group (p<0.05). These results suggested that dietary BV could improve the antioxidant capacity and the egg shape index of laying hens in summer.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1749

Target-site basis for resistance to flucarbazone- sodium in Japanese brome (Bromus japonicus Houtt.) in China
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Li, Qi

; Yu, Jinping

; Guo, Wenlei

; Du, Long

; Bai, Penghua

; Liu, Yixue

Chilean journal of agricultural research

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Set 2022, Volume 82 Nº 3 Páginas 493 - 501

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Japanese brome (Bromus japonicus Houtt.) is a troublesome annual weed and widely distributed in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) fields in the North China Plain. A B. japonicus population (TJ06) suspected of resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors was found in Tianjin, China. In this study, the TJ06 population with an Asp-376-Glu mutation in ALS gene was identified. TJ06 population developed 66.7-fold resistance to flucarbazone-sodium and exhibited obvious cross-resistance to other two ALS-inhibiting herbicides. The 50% plant growth reduction (GR50) to herbicides of pyroxsulam and mesosulfuron-methyl were 28.72 and 39.44 g ai ha-1, respectively. In in vitro ALS activity assays, the concentration of flucarbazone-sodium required to inhibit 50% ALS activity (I50) for TJ06 was 11.3-fold greater than that for a susceptible population (TJ01), which was highly correlated with that of whole-plant response experiments and indicated that the Asp-376-Glu mutation leading to resistance reduced sensitivity of the ALS enzyme to flucarbazone- sodium. Besides, one derived cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (dCAPS) marker was designed to quickly detect Asp376 mutation in ALS gene of B. japonicus.

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Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and machine learning to predict amino acid content of nine commercial insects
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HOU, Yinchen

; ZHAO, Penghui

; ZHANG, Fan

; YANG, Shengru

; RADY, Ahmed

; WIJEWARDANE, Nuwan K.

; HUANG, Jihong

; LI, Mengxing

Food Science and Technology

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2022, Volume 42 elocation e100821

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The nutritional profile, especially amino acid profile, determines the quality and commercial value of insect protein products. Multiple previous studies have used spectroscopy technologies and machine learning algorithms to predict essential amino acid content in various foods and feeds. However, these approaches were not applied for predicting essential amino acid content in insects before. In this study, 200 insect samples containing 9 commercial insect species were collected. Machine learning methods were applied to build the prediction models to predict amino acid content using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) raw spectra and first derivative. For all amino acids, partial least square regression, decision tree and radial basis artificial neural network exhibited high performances to predict essential amino acids. Model performances were improved for some amino acids using first derivative than using raw spectra. The highest performance (coefficient of determination: 0.97, root mean square error of prediction: 0.05 g/100 g and ratio of performance: 4.07) was achieved for phenylalanine prediction using radial basis artificial neural network modeling. The high model performance indicates the potential of applying FTIR and subsequent machine learning modeling for fast and non-destructive prediction of amino acid of insect products.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.100821

Neuronal GRK2 regulates microglial activation and contributes to electroacupuncture analgesia on inflammatory pain in mice
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Chen, Yu

; Zhou, Yang

; Li, Xiao-Chen

; Ma, Xue

; Mi, Wen-Li

; Chu, Yu-Xia

; Wang, Yan-Qing

; Mao-Ying, Qi-Liang

Biological Research

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2022, Volume 55 elocation 5

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background: G protein coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) has been demonstrated to play a crucial role in the development of chronic pain. Acupuncture is an alternative therapy widely used for pain management. In this study, we investigated the role of spinal neuronal GRK2 in electroacupuncture (EA) analgesia. Methods: The mice model of inflammatory pain was built by subcutaneous injection of Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) into the plantar surface of the hind paws. The mechanical allodynia of mice was examined by von Frey test. The mice were subjected to EA treatment (BL60 and ST36 acupuncture points) for 1 week. Overexpression and down-regulation of spinal neuronal GRK2 were achieved by intraspinal injection of adeno associated virus (AAV) containing neuron–specific promoters, and microglial activation and neuroinflammation were evaluated by real–time PCR. Results: Intraplantar injection with CFA in mice induced the decrease of GRK2 and microglial activation along with neuroinflammation in spinal cord. EA treatment increased the spinal GRK2, reduced neuroinflammation, and significantly decreased CFA–induced mechanical allodynia. The effects of EA were markedly weakened by non–cell–specific downregulation of spinal GRK2. Further, intraspinal injection of AAV containing neuron–specific promoters specifically downregulated neuronal GRK2, and weakened the regulatory effect of EA on CFA–induced mechanical allodynia and microglial activation. Meanwhile, overexpression of spinal neuronal GRK2 decreased mechanical allodynia. All these indicated that the neuronal GRK2 mediated microglial activation and neuroinflammation, and subsequently contributed to CFA–induced inflammatory pain. Conclusion: The restoration of the spinal GRK2 and subsequent suppression of microglial activation and neuroinflammation might be an important mechanism for EA analgesia. Our findings further suggested that the spinal GRK2, especially neuronal GRK2, might be the potential target for EA analgesia and pain management, and we provided a new experimental basis for the EA treatment of pain.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s40659-022-00374-6 38 downloads

Effect of Hypsizygus marmoreus powder on cooking characteristics, color and texture of wheat noodles
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TANG, Baosha

; WU, Li

; WENG, Minjie

; CHEN, Junchen

; LI, Yibin

; LAI, Pufu

Food Science and Technology

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2022, Volume 42 elocation e00622

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Hypsizygus marmoreus is a kind of edible fungus with high nutritional value. This investigation evaluated the influence of Hypsizygus marmoreus powder on the quality characteristics of noodles. The cooking time, cooked breaking ratio, cooking loss rate, color difference value, texture and sensory of noodles were measured. The addition of 4% to 20% mass fraction of mushroom powder had no significant effect on the cooking time and hardness of the noodles. The cooked breaking ratio of noodles increased from 0% to 13.27%, the cooking loss rate increased from 3.47% to 10.73%, the color difference value increased from 18.23 to 23.58, and the chewing hardness increased from 4569.66 g to 5888.68 g, with the mass fraction of mushroom powder increased from 0% to 20%. The sensory of noodles with 4% mushroom powder is the best. This study provides a certain theoretical basis for the further processing of Hypsizygus marmoreus.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.00622

10.

The inhibitory effect of α-methyl-5-HT on ATP-activated currents in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons
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YANG, Huimin

; LI, Zhiwang

Food Science and Technology

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2022, Volume 42 elocation e36520

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The purpose of this study was to explore the inhibitory effect of α-methyl-5- hydroxytryptamine (α-methyl-5-HT) on ATP-activated current (IATP) in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Whole-cell patch clamp experiment was performed on cultured rat DRG neurons. One minute after treatment with α-methyl-5-HT, ATP (10-4 mol/L) activation current in rat DRG neurons was inhibited. However, this inhibitory effect was independent of the current caused by α-methyl-5-HT. The dose-response curve for IATP showed that α-methyl-5-HT significantly shifted it. The Kd values of ATP-activated currents before and after the pre-addition of α-methyl-5-HT were similar (4.23×10-5 mol/L vs. 6.81×10-5 mol/L). Furthermore, cyproheptadine (10-6 mol/L), an antagonist of 5-HT2 receptor, can reverse the inhibition of α-methyl-5-HT. After intracellular dialysis of KN93 (CaMKII inhibitor) and H7 (PKC inhibitor), this inhibition was also completely eliminated. In conclusion, our results showed that α-methyl-5-HT inhibited ATP-activated current through activating the 5-HT2 receptor and resulting in phosphorylation of the ATP receptor. It was caused by the activation of G protein coupled receptor and corresponding intracellular signaling transduction cascade.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.35620

11.

Screening of mixed lactic acid bacteria starter and its effects on the quality and flavor compounds of fermented Lentinus edodes
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NIE, Yuanyang

; JIA, Yajuan

; ZHANG, Xiunan

; LU, Sen

; LI, Bo

Food Science and Technology

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2022, Volume 42 elocation e39222

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with excellent fermented performance were screened for Lentinus edodes fermentation by measuring the growth status and acid producing capacity of different LAB in L. edodes, and the optimal mixed ratio of LAB was selected for the L. edodes fermentation through the mixed fermented test. Factors affecting the quality of fermented L. edodes were optimized by single factor experiment and response surface experiment. The results showed that when the mixed ratio of LAB was Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus: Lactiplantibacillus plantarum: Lacticaseibacillus rhamnous = 3:1:2, fermented L. edodes had the best fermented quality. The optimized process parameters of mixed LAB fermented L. edodes were as follows: fermentation temperature of 37 °C, salt content of 1%, and inoculation amount of 2.7%. Under this process, the total acid and sensory score of fermented L. edodes were 0.88 g/100 g and 81.7 points, respectively. Compared with the unfermented L. edodes, the contents of acids and ketones in the fermented L. edodes increased by 2.16% and 17.8%, while the contents of alcohols, aldehydes and phenols were relatively reduced by 3.66%, 7.42%, and 3.87%, respectively. This study provides a theoretical basis for the development of LAB fermented food of L. edodes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.39222

12.

Breast cancer-associated SNP rs72755295 is a cis-regulatory variation for human EXO1
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Shi, Qiang

; Yao, Xing-Yuan

; Wang, Hong-Yan

; Li, Ya-Jie

; Zhang, Xin-Xin

; Sun, Chang

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2022, Volume 45 Nº 4 elocation e20210420

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women. A previous genome-wide association study reports that rs72755295, a SNP locating at intron of EXO1 (exonuclease 1), is associated with breast cancer. Due to the complete linkage disequilibrium between rs72755295 and rs4149909, a nonsynonymous mutation for EXO1, rs4149909 is supposed to be the causal SNP. Since EXO1 is overexpressed in breast carcinoma samples, we hypothesized that the genetic variations in this locus might confer breast cancer risk by regulating EXO1 expression. To substantiate this, a functional genomics study was performed. The dual luciferase assay indicated that G of rs72755295 presents significantly higher relative enhancer activity than A, thus verifying that this SNP can influence gene expression in breast cell. Through chromosome conformation capture it was disclosed that the enhancer containing rs72755295 can interact with the EXO1 promoter. RNA-seq analysis indicated that EXO1 expression is dependent on the rs72755295 genotype. By chromatin immunoprecipitation, the transcription factor PAX6 (paired box 6) was recognized to bind the region spanning rs72755295. In electrophoretic mobility shift assay, G of rs72755295 displays obviously higher binding affinity with nuclear protein than A. Our results indicated that rs72755295 is a cis-regulatory variation for EXO1 and might confer breast cancer risk besides rs4149909.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2021-0420

13.

MiR-137-mediated negative relationship between LGR4 and RANKL modulated osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells
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Fan, Cong

; Li, Yulong

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2022, Volume 45 Nº 3 elocation e20210322

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT MicroRNA-137 (miR-137) has recently emerged as an osteogenic regulator in several cell lines. This study aimed to identify the function of miR-137 on the crosstalk between leucine rich repeat containing G protein-coupled receptor 4 (LGR4) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), thus unveiling the critical role of LGR4-RANKL interplay in the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs). By examining the osteogenic capacity and possible downstream genes expression with miR-137 overexpression/knockdown, we found that miR-137 downregulated LGR4 while upregulating RANKL. According to the results of dual-luciferase reporter assay, LGR4 was validated as a direct target of miR-137. Surprisingly, a negative relationship between LGR4 and RANKL was confirmed by the knockdown of these two genes. Furthermore, RANKL inhibitor could alleviate or reverse the inhibitory effects on osteogenesis generated by LGR4 knockdown. Collectively, this study indicated that miR-137-induced a negative crosstalk between LGR4 and RANKL that could contribute to the osteogenic regulation of hASCs and provide more systematic and in-depth understanding of epigenetic modulation by miR-137.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2021-0332

14.

Effects of Vitamin A and K3 on Immune Function and Intestinal Antioxidant Capacity of Aged Laying Hens
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Li, L

; Liu, Z

; Fang, B

; Xu, J

; Dong, X

; Yang, L

; Zhang, Z

; Guo, S

; Ding, B

Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science

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2022, Volume 24 Nº 4 elocation eRBCA-2021-1572

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to investigate effects of vitamin A (VA) and vitamin K3 (VK3) on immune function and intestinal antioxidant capacity of aged laying hens. In a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement, the diets of 1080 Roman Pink laying hens (87 weeks old) was formulated with deficient, adequate and excess VA and VK3, including 0, 7000 and 14000 IU/kg VA and 0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/kg VK3 for 8 weeks. Interactive effects between VA and VK3 were observed that VA and VK3 decreased the splenetic mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α), but increased the plasma immunoglobulin G (IgG) content and jejunal mRNA expression of nuclear factor-like 2 (Nrf2). Hens fed adequate or excess VA had higher spleen index, mRNA expression of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in spleen, sIgA content, catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase and total dismutase (T-SOD) activity, and mRNA expression of polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) in jejunum and lower mRNA expression of IL-1β in jejunum and iNOS, TNF-α in spleen. Furthermore, adequate or excess VK3 significantly increased plasma IgG content, the CAT, T-SOD and total antioxidant capacity activities, up-regulated the mRNA expression of pIgR, Nrf2, SOD1 and CAT in jejunum and down-regulated the mRNA expression of iNOS and TNF-α in spleen. In conclusion, dietary addition of adequate VA (7000 IU/kg) and VK3 (2.0 mg/kg) improved the immune function and intestine antioxidant capacity of aged laying hens and excess levels did not exhibit superior effects.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9061-2021-1572

15.

Saúde Cardiovascular e Fibrilação ou Flutter Atrial: Um Estudo Transversal do ELSA-Brasil
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Santos, Itamar S.

; Lotufo, Paulo A.

; Goulart, Alessandra C.

; Brant, Luisa C. C.

; Pinto Filho, Marcelo M

; Pereira, Alexandre C.

; Barreto, Sandhi M.

; Ribeiro, Antonio L. P.

; Thomas, G Neil

; Lip, Gregory Y. H.

; Bensenor, Isabela M.

; Arasalingam, Ajini

; Beane, Abi

; Bensenor, Isabela M

; Brocklehurst, Peter

; Cheng, Kar Keung

; El-Bouri, Wahbi

; Feng, Mei

; Goulart, Alessandra C

; Greenfield, Sheila

; Guo, Yutao

; Guruparan, Mahesan

; Gusso, Gustavo

; Gooden, Tiffany E

; Haniffa, Rashan

; Humphreys, Lindsey

; Jolly, Kate

; Jowett, Sue

; Kumarendran, Balachandran

; Lancashire, Emma

; Lane, Deirdre A

; Li, Xuewen

; Lip (Co-PI), Gregory Y.H.

; Li, Yan-guang

; Lobban, Trudie

; Lotufo, Paulo A

; Manseki-Holland, Semira

; Moore, David J

; Nirantharakumar, Krishnarajah

; Olmos, Rodrigo D

; Paschoal, Elisabete

; Pirasanth, Paskaran

; Powsiga, Uruthirakumar

; Romagnolli, Carla

; Santos, Itamar S

; Shantsila, Alena

; Sheron, Vethanayagam Antony

; Shribavan, Kanesamoorthy

; Szmigin, Isabelle

; Subaschandren, Kumaran

; Surenthirakumaran, Rajendra

; Tai, Meihui

; Neil Thomas (Co-PI), G

; Varella, Ana C

; Wang, Hao

; Wang, Jingya

; Zhang, Hui

; Zhong, Jiaoyue

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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2022, Nº ahead

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Fundamento A associação entre o status de saúde cardiovascular ideal ( ideal cardiovascular health ( ICVH) e diagnóstico de fibrilação ou flutter atrial (FFA) foi menos estudado em comparação a outras doenças cardiovasculares. Objetivos Analisar a associação entre o diagnóstico de FFA e métricas e escores de ICVH no Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil). Métodos Este estudo analisou dados de 13141 participantes com dados completos. Os traçados eletrocardiográficos foram codificados de acordo com o Sistema de Minnesota, em um centro de leitura centralizado. As métricas do ICVH (dieta, atividade física, índice de massa corporal, tabagismo, glicemia de jeju, e colesterol total) e escores do ICVH foram calculados conforme proposto pela American Heart Association . Modelos de regressão logística bruta e ajustada foram construídos para analisar associações de métricas e escores do ICVH com diagnóstico de FFA. O nível de significância foi estabelecido em 0,05. Resultados A idade mediana da amostra foi de 55 anos, e 54,4% eram mulheres. Nos modelos ajustados, os escores de ICVH não apresentaram associação significativa com diagnóstico de FFA prevalente [odds ratio (OR):0,96; intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95%):0,80-1,16; p=0,70). Perfis de pressão arterial ideal (OR:0,33; IC95%:0,1-0,74; p=0,007) e colesterol total ideal (OR:1,88; IC95%:1,19-2,98; p=0,007) foram significativamente associados com o diagnóstico de FFA. Conclusões Não foram identificadas associações significativas entre escores de ICVH global e diagnóstico de FFA após ajuste multivariado em nossas análises, devido, ao menos em parte, às associações antagônicas da FFA com métricas de pressão arterial e de colesterol total do ICVH. Nossos resultados sugerem que estimar a prevenção da FFA por meio de escore de ICVH global pode não ser adequado, e as métricas do ICVH devem ser consideradas separadamente.

Abstract Background The association between ideal cardiovascular health (ICVH) status and atrial fibrillation or flutter (AFF) diagnosis has been less studied compared to other cardiovascular diseases. Objective To analyze the association between AFF diagnosis and ICVH metrics and scores in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Methods This study analyzed data from 13,141 participants with complete data. Electrocardiographic tracings were coded according to the Minnesota Coding System, in a centralized reading center. ICVH metrics (diet, physical activity, body mass index, smoking, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, and total cholesterol) and scores were calculated as proposed by the American Heart Association. Crude and adjusted binary logistic regression models were built to analyze the association of ICVH metrics and scores with AFF diagnosis. Significance level was set at 0.05. Results The sample had a median age of 55 years and 54.4% were women. In adjusted models, ICVH scores were not significantly associated with prevalent AFF diagnosis (odds ratio [OR]:0.96; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]:0.80-1.16; p=0.70). Ideal blood pressure (OR:0.33; 95% CI:0.15–0.74; p=0.007) and total cholesterol (OR:1.88; 95% CI:1.19–2.98; p=0.007) profiles were significantly associated with AFF diagnosis. Conclusions No significant associations were identified between global ICVH scores and AFF diagnosis after multivariable adjustment in our analyses, at least partially due to the antagonistic associations of AFF with blood pressure and total cholesterol ICVH metrics. Our results suggest that estimating the prevention of AFF burden using global ICVH scores may not be adequate, and ICVH metrics should be considered in separate.

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20210970

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