Ti-34Nb-6Sn alloy were prepare by powder metallurgy milled in two different times (40 and 60 min) using Ti and Nb hydrides with or without Mg, as spacer then sintered at 700ºC and 800ºC. Characterizations were made by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and by Archimedes. Microhardness was measured by Vickers microhardness. Mesenchymal stem cells derived from equine bone marrow (BMMSCs) were used to evaluate the sample cytotoxicity. Hydration and dehydration process was confirmed, also the formation of brittle particles during the milling. Materials were structured under α and β phase, and the samples that received Mg as a spacer had slightly lower β phase content compared to samples without Mg, suggesting difficult α→β transformation due to the presence of barriers formed by pores. Mg provided greater porosity, and prepared milled in a shorter time promoted an increase in the macropores. Microhardness was similar to that of commercial materials (i.e., CP-Ti and also to other alloys with similar nominal composition. Cells treated with conditioned medium with the samples showed viability comparable to the control group, and after 48 h of culture on the samples, there was significant growth and more circular morphology, when adhered on materials that received Mg.

RESUMO: A América do Sul possui um grande número de criatórios da raça Crioula, no entanto, há uma carência de informações sobre o desenvolvimento natural dos cascos dos potros, tornando a identificação de períodos ideais para o casqueamento corretivo uma dúvida frequente entre os criadores. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi realizar a biometria natural (do nascimento aos 8 meses) no casco de 46 potros da raça Crioula. Os resultados indicaram uma taxa de crescimento mais rápido nos primeiros 4 meses, com subsequente desaceleração até o desmame. O crescimento médio do casco foi em média 0,21cm mo-1, enquanto o comprimento do talão foi de 0,14cm mo-1. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas no equilíbrio médio/lateral do casco ou entre os membros durante o período experimental. O perímetro da banda coronária e a largura solar do casco apresentaram um crescimento médio de 0,97 e 0,46cm mo-1, respectivamente, e foram altamente correlacionados (r=0,99, P≤0,01). A idade dos potros foi a característica mais correlacionada positivamente, seguida da largura solar, do comprimento do casco e do perímetro da banda coronária. Nós concluímos que o crescimento do casco em potros da raça Crioula foi mais intenso durante os quatro primeiros meses de vida.

ABSTRACT: South America has numerous Criollo horse breeding farms; however, information on foal hoof growth is still limited and identifying the ideal periods to apply corrective trimming is a frequent concern for horse owners. In the present study, a morphometric analysis of hoof growth was performed on 46 Criollo foals from birth to weaning (0-8 months). Results showed that hoof growth rate was higher in the first four months followed by a decrease until the eighth month. Average growth rate of the hoof was 0.21cm per month, whereas that of the heel was 0.14cm per month. However, no significant differences were observed between medial and lateral heel length or between limbs. Coronary band perimeter and solar width showed an average increase of 0.97cm and 0.46cm per month, respectively, and were significantly correlated (r=0.99, P≤0.01). The characteristic most positively correlated to biometric variables was foal age, followed by solar width, toe length, and coronary band perimeter. In conclusion, hoof length increase in Criollo foals was more intensive during the first four months of life.