ABSTRACT: Glanders is a contagious zoonotic infectious disease characterized by an acute or chronic condition that mainly affects equids and is caused by Burkholderia (B.) mallei. From January 2005 to December 2017, 697 farms with positive cases of this disease were registered in Brazil, with the Northeast region accounting for 61.4% (428/697) of the total number of cases. This study conducted an epidemiological study of B. mallei infections that occurred in farms in the states of Pernambuco, Paraíba, Ceará and Alagoas. For this purpose, investigative questionnaires were applied to six farms where there were outbreaks of glanders and 11 farms where there were no reports of glanders between 2017 and 2021, and statistical analysis of the factors associated with the occurrence of glanders in Northeastern Brazil was performed. Factors such as the purpose of rearing (P = 0.023), lack of information on disease transmission modes (P = 0.034), failure to carry out periodic tests for glanders diagnosis (P = 0,029), no request for glanders tests prior to the purchase of new animals periodic tests for glanders diagnosis (P = 0.029), not requiring a negative test for glanders in the acquisition of animals (P = 0.06), use of extensive breeding systems(P = 0.027), and poor stall hygiene were associated with disease occurrence (P = 0.001). Understanding the factors related to the occurrence of glanders in the Northeast Region of Brazil helps to establish management measures that minimize bacteria transmission, thereby reducing the number of cases in the region and economic losses associated with glanders.

RESUMO: O mormo é uma doença infectocontagiosa, zoonótica, de caráter agudo ou crônico, que acomete principalmente os equídeos, causado por Burkholderia (B.) mallei. De janeiro de 2005 até dezembro de 2017, 697 focos da doença foram registrados no Brasil, sendo que a região Nordeste detém 61,4% (428/697) do total de focos. Objetivou-se realizar um estudo epidemiológico da infecção por Burkholderia mallei em propriedades nos estados de Pernambuco, Paraíba, Ceará e Alagoas. Para tal foi aplicado questionário investigativo em seis fazendas onde houve caso de Mormo e 11 fazendas em que não houve relato entre 2007 e 2011 e realizada análise estatística dos fatores de manejo associados à ocorrência do Mormo no Nordeste do Brasil. Observou-se associação significativa para as seguintes variáveis: objetivo da criação (comércio, esporte e trabalho nas fazendas) (P = 0,023); ausência de informação sobre as formas de transmissão da bactéria (P = 0,034); não realização de exames periódicos para o diagnóstico do mormo (P = 0,029); exigência de exame negativo na compra de equinos (P = 0,06); utilização do sistema de criação extensivo (P = 0,027) e deficiência de higienização das baias (P = 001). Os resultados obtidos devem ser utilizados na implementação de medidas de manejo que minimizem o risco de transmissão da bactéria, reduzindo os casos da doença na região e as perdas econômicas com o mormo.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar as publicações científicas brasileiras e internacionais acerca do estresse vivenciado pelos profissionais de saúde no contexto hospitalar durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases de dados SciELO, ScienceDirect, LILACS e em fontes de instituições oficiais brasileiras, com documentos publicados até maio 2020. Resultados: Das 26 referências selecionadas, 19 (73,08%) foram artigos indexados e 7 (26,92 %) foram obtidas de instituições oficiais. Verificou-se que o estresse é decorrente sobretudo da sobrecarga dos serviços hospitalares, afastamento de profissionais, insuficiência de equipamentos de proteção individual e rigorosas medidas de biossegurança, desafios na alocação dos recursos disponíveis e risco de contaminação pela COVID-19. Considerações finais: O estresse vivenciado pelos profissionais da saúde nas instituições hospitalares durante a pandemia pode desencadear problemas ocupacionais e psicológicos.

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze Brazilian and international scientific publications about the stress experienced by health professionals in the hospital context during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Integrative literature review carried out on the SciELO, ScienceDirect, and LILACS databases, and sources of official Brazilian institutions, with documents published by May 2020. Results: Of the 26 selected references, 19 (73.08%) were indexed articles, and 7 (26.92 %) were obtained from official institutions. The study found that stress is mainly due to the overload of hospital services, the removal of professionals, the insufficiency of personal protective equipment and strict biosecurity measures, challenges in the allocation of available resources, and the risk of contamination by COVID-19. Final considerations: The stress experienced by health professionals in hospital institutions during the pandemic can trigger occupational and psychological problems.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar las publicaciones científicas brasileñas e internacionales acerca del estrés vivido por los profesionales de salud en el contexto hospitalario durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Revisión integrativa de la literatura realizada en las bases de datos SciELO, ScienceDirect, LILACS y en fuentes de instituciones oficiales brasileñas, con documentos publicados hasta mayo de 2020. Resultados: Entre las 26 referencias seleccionadas, 19 (73,08%) fueron artículos indexados y 7 (26,92 %) fueron obtenidas de instituciones oficiales. Se verificó que el estrés es causado sobretodo por la sobrecarga de los servicios hospitalarios, alejamiento de profesionales, insuficiencia de equipos de protección individual y rigorosas medidas de bioseguridad, desafíos en el destino de los recursos disponibles y riesgo de contaminación por COVID-19. Consideraciones finales: El estrés vivido por los profesionales de salud en las instituciones hospitalarias durante la pandemia puede desencadenar problemas laborales y psicológicos.

Abstract Background: The prevalence of anti-cell autoantibodies detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay on HEp-2 cells (HEp-2-IIFA) increases with age and is higher in female sex. The number of medical specialties that use HEp-2-IIFA in the investigation of autoimmune diseases has increased lately. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and patterns of autoantibodies on HEp-2-IIFA according to demographics variables and referring medical specialties. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the HEp-2-IIFA carried out between January and June of 2017 was performed. The International Consensus on Antinuclear Antibodies Patterns (ICAP) and the Brazilian Consensus on Autoantibodies were used for patterns definition on visual reading of the slides. Anti-cell (AC) codes from ICAP and Brazilian AC codes (BAC) were used for patterns classification. Results: From 54,990 samples referred for HEp-2-IIF testing, 20.9% were positive at titer ≥ 1/80. HEp-2-IIFA positivity in females and males was 24% and 12%, respectively ( p < 0.0001). The proportion of positive results in the 4 age groups analyzed: 0–19, 20–39, 40–59, and ≥ 60 years was 23.3, 20.2, 20.1, and 22.8%, respectively ( p < 0.0001). Considering all positive sera (n = 11,478), AC-4 nuclear fine speckled (37.7%), AC-2 nuclear dense fine speckled (21.3%), BAC-3 nuclear quasi -homogeneous (10%) and mixed/composite patterns (8.8%) were the most prevalent patterns. The specialties that most requested HEp-2-IIFA were general practitioner (20.1%), dermatology (15%), gynecology (9.9%), rheumatology (8.5%), and cardiology (5.8%). HEp-2-IIFA positivity was higher in patients referred by rheumatologists (35.7% vs. 19.6%) ( p < 0.0001). Moderate (46.4%) and high (10.8%) titers were more observed in patients referred by rheumatologists ( p < 0.0001). We observed a high proportion of mixed and cytoplasmic patterns in samples referred by oncologists and a high proportion of BAC-3 (nuclear quasi -homogeneous) pattern in samples referred by pneumologists. Conclusions: One-fifth of the patients studied were HEp-2-IIFA-positive. The age groups with more positive results were 0–19 and ≥ 60 years. AC-4, AC-2, BAC-3 and mixed/composite patterns were the most frequent patterns observed. Rheumatologists requested only 8.5% of HEp-2-IIFA. Positive results and moderate to high titers of autoanti-bodies were more frequent in patients referred by rheumatologists.

Abstract Background: The VI Brazilian Consensus on Autoantibodies against HEp-2 cells for determination of autoantibodies against cellular constituents on HEp-2 cells was held on September, 2019, in Fortaleza (CE, Brazil). The guidelines in this edition were formulated by the group of Brazilian experts discussing the classification of complex patterns, the classification of the nuclear discrete dots (few and multiple), the identification of the discrete fine speckled pattern (AC-4a) and improvements on the ANA report. Mainbody: Sixteen Brazilian researchers and experts from universities and clinical laboratories representing the various geographical regions of Brazil participated in the meeting. Four main topics were discussed: (1) How to classify patterns with fluorescence in more than one cell compartment considering three relevant categoris: composite patterns, mixed patterns and multiple patterns; (2) The splitting of the discrete nuclear dots pattern into the multiple discrete nuclear dots (AC-6) and few discrete nuclear dots (AC-7) patterns, respectively; (3) Inclusion of a novel nuclear pattern characterized by discrete fine speckled pattern highly associated with antibodies to SS-A/Ro60, classified as AC-4a. In addition, adjustments on the Brazilian Consensus nomenclature were implemented aiming to harmonize the designation of some patterns with the International Consensus on ANA Patterns (ICAP). Furthermore, the designations of the PCNA-like pattern (AC-13), CENP-F-like pattern (AC-14) and Topo I-like pattern (AC-29) were adjusted in accordance to ICAP. Finally, there was a recommendation for adjustment in the test report in order to address the status of nuclear envelope staining. For all topics, the aim was to establish specific guidelines for laboratories and clinicians. All recommendations were based on consensus among participants. All recommendations from the V Consensus were maintained and there was relevant progress in the BCA/HEp-2 guidelines and further harmonization with ICAP. Conclusion: The VI BCA/HEp-2 edition was successful in establishing important recommendations regarding the classification of complex patterns, in supporting the identification of a novel pattern within the AC-4 group and in the harmonization process with the ICAP terminology.

Aim This study aimed to investigate whether non-ionizing radiation emitted by smartphones is likely to cause genotoxic effects on oral epithelial cells. Methods Thirty adults were distributed into two groups according to the mobile phone brand used, namely Samsung (Samsung, Seoul, South Korea) and Apple (Apple, California, USA). The material was collected with gentle swabbing of the right and left buccal mucosa using a cervical brush, then the micronucleus test was performed. Results The Mann-Whitney test with a 5% significance level did not reveal statistically significant differences in micronuclei frequency between the exposed and non-exposed sides (p=0.251). The different brands do not seem to cause risks of inducing genetic damage because there were no statistically significant differences between them (p=0.47). Conclusion Therefore, our results suggest no correlations of micronuclei frequency in the exposed buccal cells of mobile phone users at the exposure standard levels observed.

Abstract The optimization of three-dimensional device has widely been explored and designated as computational challenge in photonic device design. In this context, this work presents a novel multi-symmetric level (MSL) optimization procedure based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) to decrease the computational requirements in a three-dimensional photonic coupler device optimization. The proposed procedure divides the device optimization into many local regions by dimensional symmetric aspects, being based on divide- to-conquer strategies. As the optimization converges to acceptance values, the number of symmetric areas are decreasing until a unique local area that modeled the total 3D photonic device. This procedure was validated by the minimization of a photonic coupler modeled to interconnect optical waveguides with different height, width and refractive indices.

Abstract Ti-Nb alloys are attractive for biomedical implants and the addition of Si can lead to an improved set of properties. This study investigates the effect on the microstructures and properties of solution-treated Ti-15Nb-xSi alloys followed by furnace cooling (FC), and water quenching (WQ). Based on the results, Si acts as a β-stabilizing element by increasing the β volume fraction from 13%–36% in FC samples to a range from 0%–0.55% Si. The elastic modulus decreased under both conditions and reached approximately 63 GPa in WQ samples with 0.35% Si due to an increased α” unit cell volume. On the other hand, hardness increased with increased Si content under FC and WQ conditions to a maximum of 313 HV in the WQ sample containing 0.55% Si.

RESUMO Objetivos: avaliar a efetividade de um ciclo de melhoria aplicado ao acolhimento à demanda espontânea em uma unidade básica de saúde. Métodos: estudo quase experimental, do tipo antes e depois, sem grupo controle e com abordagem quantitativa. Realizou-se um ciclo de melhoria em uma unidade básica de saúde no município de Guarabira/PB, utilizando cinco critérios de qualidade. Foram realizadas uma avaliação, uma intervenção focada no critério mais problemático e uma reavaliação. As amostras foram aleatórias (n = 60), sendo verificados os percentuais e intervalos de confiança do cumprimento de cada critério, assim como o cálculo da significância estatística, através do teste Z. Resultados: após a intervenção realizada, houve melhoria significativa em dois critérios de qualidade do acolhimento à demanda espontânea (o usuário ser ouvido por algum profissional e passar pela classificação de risco). Conclusões: a realização do ciclo de melhoria se mostrou efetiva como método de gestão da qualidade.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to evaluate the effectiveness of a quality improvement cycle applied to the care of spontaneous demand in a primary care center. Methods: quasi-experimental before and after study, with a quantitative approach and no control group. An improvement cycle was carried out in a primary care center in the city of Guarabira/PB using five quality criteria. An evaluation, an intervention focused on the most problematic criterion and a reassessment were carried out. The samples were random (n = 60). The percentages and confidence intervals of compliance with each criterion were verified. Statistical significance was calculated using the Z test. Results: after the intervention, there was a significant improvement in two quality criteria of the care of spontaneous demand users (the user must be heard by a professional and go through the risk classification). Conclusions: the improvement cycle was an effective quality management method.

RESUMEN Objetivos: evaluar la eficacia de un ciclo de mejora aplicado a la acogida de demanda espontánea en una unidad básica de salud. Métodos: se trata de un estudio casi experimental, del tipo antes y después, sin grupo control y con enfoque cuantitativo. Se llevó a cabo un ciclo de mejoras en una unidad básica de salud de la ciudad de Guarabira, estado de Paraíba, Brasil, en el que se utilizaron cinco criterios de calidad. Se realizó una evaluación, una intervención centrada en los criterios más problemáticos y una reevaluación. Las muestras fueron aleatorias (n = 60) y se comprobaron los porcentajes e intervalos de confianza del cumplimiento de cada criterio, así como el cálculo de la significación estadística, utilizando el test Z. Resultados: después de la intervención, se produjo una mejora significativa en dos criterios de calidad de la acogida de demanda espontánea (el usuario es escuchado por algún profesional y pasa por la clasificación de riesgo). Conclusiones: la realización del ciclo de mejora se mostró eficaz como método de gestión de la calidad.

RESUMEN El propósito de este artículo es ayudar a los dentistas clínicos a identificar la neurofibromatosis tipo 1 y sus variantes. Presentamos un caso raro de un hombre de 68 años, afectado desde la infancia por la presencia de nódulos generalizados en todo el cuerpo, provocando deformaciones estéticas. Curiosamente, el impacto en la cavidad oral no fue significativo, con nódulos solo en la encía, un área de manifestación raro. La radiografía panorámica mostró un ligero agrandamiento del canal mandibular. Tras un año de seguimiento, el paciente falleció por complicaciones cardiovasculares provocadas por el síndrome.

RESUMEN La aparición de un quiste odontogénico calcificante (QOC) en la región posterior de la maxila es infrecuente; hay pocos informes descritos en la literatura. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 13 años que presentó una lesión extensa en la maxila izquierda (> 7,5 cm). La radiografía panorámica mostró una lesión radiolúcida unilocular bien delimitada, que se extendía desde el maxilar posterior izquierdo hasta el seno maxilar. La paciente fue sometida a descompresión, seguida de de la extirpación quirúrgica conservadora de la lesión. El análisis histológico de la pieza quirúrgica confirmó el diagnóstico de QOC. Después de un año, no se observaron recurrencias. La paciente permanece en seguimiento regular.

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar elementos voltados à formação de professores nos componentes curriculares dos cursos de licenciaturas noturnas da Universidade Federal da Bahia (Ufba). O estudo foi realizado por meio de pesquisa documental, com abordagem quantitativa, sendo analisadas 381 ementas de 12 cursos. A análise demonstrou que o curso de Pedagogia, seguido de Computação e de Matemática, possui maior concentração de componentes curriculares voltados para a formação docente. Já o curso de Letras apresentou maior número de componentes curriculares com ênfase na formação técnica. Conclui-se que a falta de inovações e avanços na formação docente não habilitam o licenciando a desempenhar uma carreira docente com uma base consistente das práticas cotidianas necessárias ao processo ensino-aprendizagem.

Abstract This article aims to identify elements related to teacher Education in the curricular components of evening degrees of the Federal University of Bahia (Ufba). The study was conducted through documentary research, with quantitative approach, being analyzed 381 curriculum of 12 degrees. The analysis showed that the Pedagogy degree, followed by the Computer Science and Mathematics degrees, have a higher concentration of curricular components focused on teacher education. The Letters degree had the largest number of curricular components with emphasis on technical training. It is concluded that the deficiency of innovations and advances in teacher education do not enable graduates to pursue a teaching career with a consistent basis of daily practices necessary for the teaching-learning process.

Resumen Este artículo tiene como objetivo identificar elementos destinados a la formación del profesorado en los componentes curriculares de los cursos nocturnos de grado de la Universidad Federal de Bahia (Ufba). El estudio se realizó mediante investigación documental, con enfoque cuantitativo, analizándose 381 currículums de 12 cursos. El análisis mostró que el curso de Pedagogía, seguido de Computación y Matemáticas, tiene una mayor concentración de componentes curriculares destinados a la formación del profesorado. El curso de Letras tuvo el mayor número de componentes curriculares con énfasis en la capacitación técnica. Se concluye que la falta de innovaciones y avances en la formación del profesorado no permite a los graduados seguir una carrera docente con una base constante de prácticas diarias necesarias para el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje.

RESUMO Este artigo investiga o arquivo pessoal de José Petronilo de Santa Cruz e abarca aspectos (auto)biográficos e da cultura escrita relacionada à Livraria Duas Cidades, fundada e dirigida por Santa Cruz na cidade de São Paulo. As cartas, fotografias e outros documentos abordam os anos em que ele editou obras religiosas, universitárias, poéticas, e edificou uma rede de sociabilidade em torno da livraria.

ABSTRACT This article investigates the personal archive of José Petronilo de Santa Cruz and encompasses (auto)biographical aspects and the written culture related to Livraria Duas Cidades, founded and directed by Santa Cruz in the city of São Paulo. The letters, photographs and other documents address the years in which he edited religious, university and poetry books, and built a social network around the bookstore.

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Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a possível relação de indicadores que refletem a desigualdade social sobre a distribuição espacial dos casos de Zika vírus (ZIKV) em um estado do Nordeste brasileiro no Biênio 2015-2016. Estudo ecológico com dados das notificações de casos de ZIKV e indicadores sociodemográficos do estado do Rio Grande do Norte (RN) calculados a partir de dados da Secretaria de Estado de Saúde Pública do RN (SESAP-RN) e DATASUS. Os dados foram analisados no Terraview versão 4.2.2, no GeoDa versão 1.12 e no IBM SPSS Statistics 21. Observou-se que tanto a Taxa Média de Incidência (TMI) de casos de ZIKV no biênio de 2015-2016 (Moran=0,139; p=0,03) quanto a TMI de violência (Moran=0,295; p=0,02), renda média domiciliar (Moran=0,344; p=0,01) e taxa de desemprego (Moran=0,231; p=0,01) obedeceram um padrão geográfico de distribuição espacial. Na análise de regressão linear múltipla as variáveis TMI de violência e renda domiciliar média explicaram 55% da variação da TMI de ZIKV no biênio 2015-2016 (R2 ajustado = 0,55). Municípios com mais notificações de violência e renda média favorável, como a capital, detêm maiores TMI de casos de ZIKV, fenômeno mediado possivelmente pela melhor organização, maior clareza aos problemas socioambientais e ainda, melhor acesso aos serviços de saúde.

Abstract The aim of this article was to analyze the possible relationship between social inequality indicators and the spatial distribution of ZIKV cases in a state in Northeastern Brazil in 2015-16. This is an ecological study with the data of notified ZIKV cases and the sociodemographic indicators of Rio Grande do Norte state (RN), based on information from the State Public Health Department (SESAP-RN) and DATASUS. The data were analyzed in Terraview version 4.2.2, Geoda version 1.12 and IBM SPSS Statistics 21. Both the average incidence rate (AIR) of ZIKV cases in 2015-16 (Moran = 0.139; p= 0.03) and the AIR of violence (Moran= 0.295; p= 0.02), average household income (Moran= 0.344; p=0.01) and unemployment rate (Moran= 0.231; p=0.01) exhibited a geographic spatial distribution pattern. In multiple linear regression analysis, the variables AIR of violence and average household income explained 55% of the variation in the AIR of ZIKV in 2015-16 (adjusted R2 = 0.55). Municipalities with more notifications of violence and higher average income, such as the state capital, reported a higher number of ZIKV cases, possibly due to better organization, greater awareness of socioenvironmental problems and easier access to health services.