Abstract The aim of this study was to develop and analyze the psychometric properties of the Brazilian Version of Lay Person's Social Judgement about Cleft-lip Scale (B-LSojCleft-S). A standardized photograph of a 16-year-old girl was manipulated by using photo editing software, to simulate different cleft-lip situations. The cleft-free image was used as a control. The researchers structured an initial questionnaire that was evaluated by experts and a sample of the target population to evaluate the construct. After analysis by the researchers, a final version of the B-LSojCleft-S containing 14 items was generated. Each answer was awarded score from 1 to 3 points, yielding a total score of 14 to 42 points. Higher scores represented better social judgements. The B-LSojCleft-S was applied online to 103 test participants and 73 retest participants with an interval of 20 days between application. Aspects of acceptability, discriminant property, internal consistency, reliability and construct validity were evaluated. Construct validity was assessed using the Friedman test (p < 0.05). Reliability was determined using an intraclass correlation coefficient > 0.70, and internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha > 0.81. The B-LSojCleft-S showed high acceptability, strong discriminant property, excellent internal consistency and reliability, but had a floor and ceiling effect. The instrument reached valid and reliable scores and had acceptable psychometric properties to evaluate the social judgments of lay persons about different cleft lip situations in a Brazilian population.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Although autonomic dysfunction has been shown to be associated with liver cirrhosis, the prevalence and prognostic implications are unclear. Abnormal heart rate variability (HRV), a measure of autonomic function, has not been well investigated in cirrhosis. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of high-risk HRV parameters in a cohort of cirrhotic patients and their association with cardiac dysfunction and mortality. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective observational study conducted in the Federal University of São Paulo. METHOD: A cohort of 120 patients, comprising 17 healthy controls and 103 cirrhotic outpatients, was evaluated and followed for 10 months. HRV analysis was based on 24-hour Holter monitoring and defined using time-domain and frequency-domain parameters. RESULTS: The HRV parameters were statistically lower in cirrhotic patients than in healthy subjects. High-risk HRV parameters were prevalent, such that 64% had at least one high-risk parameter. Time-domain parameters correlated with Child scores (P < 0.0001). In regression models, HRV parameters were independent predictors of diastolic dysfunction and mortality. During 10 months of follow-up, there were 11 deaths, all of patients with at least one high-risk HRV parameter. Kaplan-Meier analysis estimated low survival rates among patients with standard deviation of normal-to-normal RR intervals (SDNN) < 100. CONCLUSION: Reduced HRV is prevalent in liver cirrhosis and is related to cardiac dysfunction, severity of liver disease and mortality. Abnormal high-risk HRV parameters are prevalent among cirrhotic patients and are also predictors of mortality. Our findings highlight the need for a more careful cardiac evaluation of cirrhotic patients.

RESUMO Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi revisar a literatura e comparar diferentes métodos de tratamento cirúrgico para hiperplasia do coronoide, além de relatar um caso clínico de hiperplasia coronoide unilateral tratada por coronoidectomia pelo acesso intraoral. Métodos: A revisão eletrônica crítica da literatura foi feita selecionando artigos publicados nos últimos 20 anos sobre o tratamento da hiperplasia do coronoide em adultos nas bases de dados PubMed, Medline, Scielo e Lilacs com os termos coronoid hyperplasia OR coronoid elongation AND treatment OR management. Os dados foram extraídos para análise. Resultados: Foram selecionados 24 artigos. Incluindo um total de 42 pacientes, dentre eles 69% eram pacientes do sexo masculino e 81% foram acometidos bilateralmente. O grupo etário com a maior prevalência compreendeu de 20 a 30 anos. Sessenta e nove por cento dos pacientes foram tratados com coronoidectomia e 26,2% com coronoidotomia, a maioria (83,3%) com acesso intra-oral. Nenhum caso teve complicações cirúrgicas relatadas e 71,4% foram submetidas à fisioterapia após a cirurgia. Em relação aos resultados, 83,3% foram considerados satisfatórios, e 11,9% insatisfatórios. Conclusão: A grande maioria dos casos que trouxeram resultados significativos na melhora da abertura bucal pré e pós-operatória foram tratados pela coronoidectomia, demonstrando ser um tratamento cirúrgico eficiente e seguro para a hiperplasia do coronoide.

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of this research was to review the literature, compare different methods of surgical treatment for coronoid hyperplasia and report a clinical case of unilateral coronoid hyperplasia treated by coronoidectomy with intraoral access. Methods: A critical review of the literature was performed by selection of papers published in the last 20 years on the treatment of coronoid in adults in the PubMed, Medline, Scielo and Lilacs databases, with the terms coronoid hyperplasia OR coronoid elongation AND treatment OR management. The data was extracted for analysis. Results: twenty-four articles were selected. It included 42 patients, among them 69% were male patients and 81% were bilaterally affected. The age group with the highest prevalence was the people in the 20's and 30's. Sixty-nine percent of the patients were treated with coronoidectomy and 26.2% with coronoidotomy. The majority (83.3%) with intraoral access. No cases had surgical complications reported, and 71.4% underwent physiotherapy after surgery. Regarding the results, 83.3% were considered satisfactory, 11.9% were unsatisfactory. Conclusion: The great majority of the cases that brought significant results in the improvement of the pre and postoperative mouth opening were treated by coronoidectomy, proving to be an efficient and safe surgical treatment for the coronoid hyperplasia.

RESUMO Objetivos: identificar fatores que interferem na prática de aleitamento materno exclusivo em comunidades quilombolas. Métodos: pesquisa qualitativa fundamentada na Teoria Transcultural proposta por Madeleine Leininger, realizada com mães quilombolas. Para coleta de dados, utilizou-se a entrevista semiestruturada, realizada no período de junho 2018 a janeiro 2019. A análise de conteúdo foi guiada pelo modelo interativo de Miles e Huberman. Resultados: revelou que mitos e costumes culturais intergeracionais interferem na prática do aleitamento materno, e identificou a influência da profissional enfermeira nas boas práticas do aleitamento materno. Considerações Finais: os fatores culturais e intergeracionais favorecem o desmame precoce e expõem a criança ao adoecimento.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify factors that interfere with the practice of exclusive breastfeeding in quilombola communities. Methods: qualitative research based on the Transcultural Theory proposed by Madeleine Leininger, performed with quilombola mothers. For data collection, we used the semi-structured interview, conducted from June 2018 to January 2019. Content analysis was guided by the interactive model of Miles and Huberman. Results: it was revealed that intergenerational cultural myths and customs interfere with breastfeeding practice, and identified the influence of professional nurses on best breastfeeding practices. Final Considerations: cultural and intergenerational factors favor early weaning and expose the child to illness.

RESUMEN Objetivos: identificar los factores que interfieren con la práctica de la lactancia materna exclusiva en las comunidades de quilombolas. Métodos: investigación cualitativa basada en la Teoría Transcultural propuesta por Madeleine Leininger, realizada con madres quilombolas. Para la recopilación de datos, utilizamos la entrevista semiestructurada, realizada entre junio de 2018 y enero de 2019. El análisis de contenido fue guiado por el modelo interactivo de Miles y Huberman. Resultados: reveló que los mitos y costumbres culturales intergeneracionales interfieren con la práctica de la lactancia materna, e identificó la influencia de las enfermeras profesionales en las buenas prácticas de lactancia materna. Consideraciones Finales: los factores culturales e intergeneracionales favorecen el destete temprano y exponen al niño a la enfermedad.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify factors that interfere with the practice of exclusive breastfeeding in quilombola communities. Methods: qualitative research based on the Transcultural Theory proposed by Madeleine Leininger, performed with quilombola mothers. For data collection, we used the semi-structured interview, conducted from June 2018 to January 2019. Content analysis was guided by the interactive model of Miles and Huberman. Results: it was revealed that intergenerational cultural myths and customs interfere with breastfeeding practice, and identified the influence of professional nurses on best breastfeeding practices. Final Considerations: cultural and intergenerational factors favor early weaning and expose the child to illness.

RESUMEN Objetivos: identificar los factores que interfieren con la práctica de la lactancia materna exclusiva en las comunidades de quilombolas. Métodos: investigación cualitativa basada en la Teoría Transcultural propuesta por Madeleine Leininger, realizada con madres quilombolas. Para la recopilación de datos, utilizamos la entrevista semiestructurada, realizada entre junio de 2018 y enero de 2019. El análisis de contenido fue guiado por el modelo interactivo de Miles y Huberman. Resultados: reveló que los mitos y costumbres culturales intergeneracionales interfieren con la práctica de la lactancia materna, e identificó la influencia de las enfermeras profesionales en las buenas prácticas de lactancia materna. Consideraciones Finales: los factores culturales e intergeneracionales favorecen el destete temprano y exponen al niño a la enfermedad.

RESUMO Objetivos: identificar fatores que interferem na prática de aleitamento materno exclusivo em comunidades quilombolas. Métodos: pesquisa qualitativa fundamentada na Teoria Transcultural proposta por Madeleine Leininger, realizada com mães quilombolas. Para coleta de dados, utilizou-se a entrevista semiestruturada, realizada no período de junho 2018 a janeiro 2019. A análise de conteúdo foi guiada pelo modelo interativo de Miles e Huberman. Resultados: revelou que mitos e costumes culturais intergeracionais interferem na prática do aleitamento materno, e identificou a influência da profissional enfermeira nas boas práticas do aleitamento materno. Considerações Finais: os fatores culturais e intergeracionais favorecem o desmame precoce e expõem a criança ao adoecimento.

Nos anos 1960 a Revolução Cubana ocupou o centro do debate entre os intelectuais de esquerda na França. Por outro lado, o governo revolucionário convidou europeus para colaborar com o desenvolvimento de novas instituições, caso do ICAIC. Chris Marker, um dos convidados desse instituto, estabeleceu trocas com realizadores cubanos e montou dois documentários analisados neste artigo: Cuba si (1961) e La bataille des dix millions (1970). O primeiro visava a combater as críticas da imprensa conservadora a Fidel, enquanto o segundo se voltou para a própria esquerda que abandonava Cuba como um modelo.

During the 1960's the Cuban Revolution was in the center of the French intellectual debates. On the other hand, the revolutionary government invited Europeans to collaborate with the development of new institutions as the ICAIC. Chris Marker, invited by the institute, established exchanges with Cuban film-makers and made the two documentary films that are analyzed in this article: Cuba si (1961) and La bataille des dix millions (1970). If the first one refutes the critiques addressed to Fidel by the conservative press, the second one turns itself to the left which was abandoning the Cuban model.

Aux années 1960 la Révolution Cubaine a occupé le centre du débat des intellectuels de gauche en France. D'autre part, le gouvernement révolutionnaire a invité des Européens à collaborer pour le développement de nouvelles institutions comme l'ICAIC. Chris Marker, invité par cet Institut, a établi des échanges avec des réalisateurs cubains et a fait les deux documentaires analysés dans cet article: Cuba si (1961) et La bataille des dix millions (1970). Le premier répondait aux critiques de la presse conservatrice à Fidel, alors que le deuxième réfléchissait sur la gauche elle-même et son progressif détachement du modèle cubain.

O artigo analisa a relação entre cinema e história considerando esse suporte como um 'lugar de memória'. Para isso, analisa-se o filme A Espiral (1975), dirigido por Chris Marker e Armand Mattelart, um documentário montado com materiais pesquisados em arquivos que se dedica a analisar a Unidade Popular no Chile. Após o golpe de Estado de 1973, seus realizadores pretenderam construir um conhecimento histórico que combatia a visão de que a ditadura 'normalizava' o caos instaurado no país, denunciando que o governo de Salvador Allende havia sido vítima de um grande boicote organizado pela direita. Nesse sentido, a montagem organiza um dossiê com base em 'provas' encontradas em arquivos.

This article examines the relationship between cinema and history, considering this support as a 'place of memory.' In the article the film A Espiral (1975), directed by Chris Marker and Armand Mattelart is analyzed. It is a documentary made with materials researched in archives and concerned with analyzing the Unidade Popular party in Chile. After the 1973 coup its makers intended to construct historical knowledge which could combat the vision that the dictatorship had 'normalized' the chaos in the country, denouncing that Salvador Allende's government had been the victim of a great boycott organized by the right. In this sense the production organizes a dossier based on the 'proof' found in archives.