Resumo Objetivo: Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar de que forma as políticas de recursos humanos e a percepção das oportunidades de aprendizagem nas organizações influenciam a intenção de rotatividade dos profissionais. Originalidade/valor: Os autores demostraram que, ao compreenderem as relações existentes entre os constructos pesquisados, as organizações devem aumentar seus investimentos em melhorias nas políticas de recursos humanos, particularmente em ações que promovam uma maior percepção de oportunidades de aprendizagem, reduzindo a intenção de rotatividade de seus talentos. Design/metodologia/abordagem: Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida com abordagem quantitativa e coleta de dados realizada por meio de um survey. Aplicaram-se os questionários a 250 profissionais atuantes no mercado de trabalho e estudantes de uma universidade privada. A análise dos dados foi realizada com uma análise fatorial confirmatória e, na sequência, uma modelagem de equações estruturais. Resultados: Os autores apresentaram os resultados da investigação de forma descritiva. As três hipóteses definidas para o estudo foram aceitas, e foram consideradas significantes as dimensões das políticas de recursos humanos. Os autores apresentaram atributos relevantes para a compreensão de que, mesmo existindo diversos motivos que possam influenciar um profissional em sua decisão de desligar-se da organização, novos fatores devem ser considerados, como as possibilidades de uma maior oferta de conhecimento.

Abstract Purpose: The objective of this research is to investigate how human resources policies and the perception of learning opportunities in organizations influence the intention of professional turnover. Originality/value: The authors demonstrated that, by understanding the existing relationships between the researched constructs, organizations should increase their investments in improvements in human resources policies, particularly in actions that promote a greater perception of learning opportunities, which reduce the intention of employee turnover of their talents. Design/methodology/approach: This research was developed with a quantitative approach and data collection was carried out through a survey. The questionnaires were applied to 250 professionals working in the labor market and students from a private university. Data analysis was performed with a confirmatory factor analysis and, subsequently, a structural equation modeling. Findings: The authors presented the research results in a descriptive way, the three hypotheses defined for the study were accepted, and the dimensions of human resources policies were considered significant. The authors presented relevant attributes for the understanding that, even though there are several reasons that can influence a professional in his decision to leave the organization, new factors must be considered, such as the possibilities of a greater offer of knowledge.

This study evaluated the safety of Lafoensia pacari A. St.-Hil. (Lythraceae) stem bark hydroalcoholic extract (LPE) through acute and subchronic toxicological assessments in mice. In the acute toxicity evaluation, a single 2000 mg/kg oral dose of LPE was administered to mice and clinical observations were conducted for 14 days. For subchronic toxicity, LPE doses (6.25-1000 mg/kg) were administered orally for 28 days and biochemical, hematological, histopathological analyses and renal and liver expression of Ki-67 were carried out. The acute oral toxicity evaluation of LPE showed no toxicity in mice and it was was classified as category 5 (LD50>2000-5000 mg/kg). In a repeated dose 28-day toxicity study, LPE (100-1000 mg/kg) led to an increase in reticulocytes, which suggests a possible proliferative effect on blood cells. In addition, LPE (400-1000 mg/kg) of produced alterations in biochemical parameters, although no microscopic changes were found in the organs analyzed. A normal expression of the Ki-67 cell proliferation indicator was observed in the kidney and liver tissues, which suggests that LPE does not bring about changes in the proliferative activity of these organs. In conclusion, LPE should be used with caution, particularly in larger doses over longer periods and also in combination with other medication.

ABSTRACT: The demand for effective insecticides in pest control with low toxicity to the non-target organisms, such as natural enemies and pollinators, is increasing steadily. A good alternative for synthetic insecticides is natural compounds, including essential oils (EO). This work assessed toxicity of essential oils extracted from Artemisia annua, A. absinthium, A. camphorata, A. dracunculus and A. vulgaris against the melonworm Diaphania hyalinata (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) larvae, a pest of Cucurbitaceae, and their selectivity for fire ant Solenopsis saevissima (Smith) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and jataí bee Tetragonisca angustula (Latreille) (Meliponinae). The plants were grown in a greenhouse with mineral fertilization and were used for EO extraction. The insects in the bioassay belonged to the second instar of D. hyalinata and adult forms of S. saevissima and T. angustula. Essential oil from A. annua induced a high mortality rate in D. hyalinata (96 %) over a 48 h period. The same essential oil was selective for predator S. saevissima (42 % mortality) and pollinator T. angustula (74 % mortality), while causing high mortality in D. hyalinata. The insecticidal activity of A. annua oil was attributed to the synergism of its constituents viz., camphor and 1,8-cineole. Therefore, this essential oil contains constituents that are promising for effective use as insecticide due to its high toxicity and rapid action against D. hyalinata as well as low toxicity for predator and pollinator.

The demand for new insecticides is increasing due to the appearance of insect populations that are resistant to currently used products. New insecticides should be efficient in controlling pests and present low toxicity to non-target organisms. Ascia monuste (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) is a destructive pest of cole vegetables, and the fire ant Solenopsis saevissima (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) is an important predator of these caterpillars in brassica crops. Tetragonisca angustula (Hymenoptera: Apidae) is very important in pollinating many plants and providing honey. Therefore, this study evaluated the toxicity of synthetic amides to A. monuste and its selectivity in favor of S. saevissima and T. angustula. The amides (2E,4E)-N-propylhexa-2,4-dienamide (3) and (2E, 4E)-N-butylhexa-2,4-dienamide (4) caused high (96 and 93%, respectively) and fast (48 h) mortality of A. monuste. The amides 3 and 4 were not harmful to the predator (mortality of 5.7% for amide 3 and 7.14% for amide 4) and were slightly harmful to the pollinator (mortality of 38.57% for amide 3 and 28.12% for amide 4). The amides 3 and 4 are promising, as insecticides, due to the high and rapid mortality of A. monuste with low and moderate toxicity to S. saevissima and T. angustula, respectively.

Abstract Cyanobacteria is a remarkable group of prokaryotic photosynthetic microorganisms, with several genera capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen (N2) and presenting a wide range of morphologies. Although the nitrogenase complex is not present in all cyanobacterial taxa, it is spread across several cyanobacterial strains. The nitrogenase complex has also a high theoretical potential for biofuel production, since H2 is a by-product produced during N2 fixation. In this review we discuss the significance of a relatively wide variety of cell morphologies and metabolic strategies that allow spatial and temporal separation of N2 fixation from photosynthesis in cyanobacteria. Phylogenetic reconstructions based on 16S rRNA and nifD gene sequences shed light on the evolutionary history of the two genes. Our results demonstrated that (i) sequences of genes involved in nitrogen fixation (nifD) from several morphologically distinct strains of cyanobacteria are grouped in similarity with their morphology classification and phylogeny, and (ii) nifD genes from heterocytous strains share a common ancestor. By using this data we also discuss the evolutionary importance of processes such as horizontal gene transfer and genetic duplication for nitrogenase evolution and diversification. Finally, we discuss the importance of H2 synthesis in cyanobacteria, as well as strategies and challenges to improve cyanobacterial H2 production.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of water and thermal stress on the germination and vigor of carrot seeds. Two experiments were performed in the Universidade Federal de Viçosa; three lots of carrot seeds were used, lot 1 of cv. "Carandaí " and the lots 2 and 3 of cv. "Brasília ". In experiment 1 - Water stress - Four osmotic potentials, 0.0; -0.3; -0.6 and -0.9 MPa were used to humidify the paper substratum, with a solution of PEG 6000 in concentrations of 0; 17.16; 25.68 and 32.16 g L-1. Germination and vigor were estimated. For experiment 2 - Thermal stress - Three temperatures were used, 15°, 20° and 35° C, to evaluate the quality of the seeds. It A paper towel humidified with water was used as substratum, in the proportion of 2.5 times the weight of the paper. It is concluded that the germination of the carrot seeds was not affected by potentials of -0.3 MPa. The length of the roots and the first germination count were efficient to evaluate the vigor of the carrot seeds, under water and thermal stress, allowing the classification of the tested lots. Temperatures of 15° and 35° C influenced the germination and the vigor of the carrot seeds negatively.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do estresse hídrico e térmico na germinação e no vigor de sementes de cenoura. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos na Universidade Federal de Viçosa, utilizando-se três lotes de sementes de cenoura, sendo o lote 1 do cv. "Carandaí", os lotes 2 e 3 do cv. "Brasília". No experimento 1 - Estresse hídrico - Quatro potenciais osmótico, 0,0; -0,3; -0,6 e -0,9 MPa foram utilizados para o umedecimento do papel substrato, com uma solução de PEG 6000 nas concentrações de 0; 17,16; 25,68 e 32,16 g L -1. As sementes foram, então, avaliadas quanto à germinação e ao vigor . Para o experimento 2 - Estresse térmico - Três temperaturas, 15, 20 e 35 foram utilizadas na condução dos testes para avaliação da qualidade das sementes. Utilizou-se como substrato para as sementes o papel toalha umedecido com água, na proporção de 2,5 vezes o peso do papel. Conclui-se que a germinação das sementes de cenoura não foi afetada até potenciais de -0,3 MPa. O comprimento da radícula e a primeira contagem de germinação foram eficientes para avaliar o vigor das sementes de cenoura, sob estresse hídrico e térmico, permitindo a classificação dos lotes testados. Temperaturas de 15 e 35 oc influenciaram negativamente a germinação e o vigor das sementes de cenoura.

OBJETIVO: Descrever a casuística de pacientes pediátricos atendidos em sala de emergência pediátrica de um hospital universitário. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo descritivo de 1º de janeiro até 31 de dezembro de 2004, com crianças de zero a 14 anos, avaliadas quanto a dados epidemiológicos, hipótese diagnóstica, intubação orotraqueal, óbito, destino e duração da internação. Os pacientes foram divididos em quatro grupos: Não Óbitos; Óbitos <24 horas, Óbitos >24 horas e transferidos para outros hospitais. RESULTADOS: Foram atendidas 203 crianças; 59,1% meninos; média de idade 3,4 anos; 65% previamente hígidos. O diagnóstico mais freqüente foi insuficiência respiratória (31,1%). Dentre os 22 óbitos, 3,5% ocorreram nas primeiras 24 horas e 7,4% após estas primeiras 24 horas; 172 crianças (84,7%) evoluíram para alta após período médio de internação de 19,2 dias. Nove (4,4%) foram transferidas para outros hospitais. Das 203 crianças atendidas, 50 (24,6%) foram intubadas à admissão e 86 (42,4%) necessitaram internação em unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica. CONCLUSÕES: Os pacientes que evoluíram para óbito precoce eram mais jovens e com diagnóstico de choque. Nos pacientes que evoluíram para óbito após 24 horas do atendimento inicial, predominaram meninas, com doenças prévias e insuficiência respiratória. Aqueles que sobreviveram ao atendimento de emergência eram, em maior freqüência, meninos mais velhos e com doenças respiratórias. Houve necessidade significativa de procedimento invasivo (intubação orotraqueal) e internação subseqüente em unidade de terapia intensiva, o que reforça a necessidade de equipamentos adequados e profissionais especializados no setor.

OBJECTIVE: Describe the clinical course of pediatric patients treated at a pediatric emergency room in a university hospital. METHODS: This retrospective descriptive study was conducted between January 1st and December 31st, 2004. Data retrieved were: demographical and clinical characacteristics, diagnostic hypotheses, need of tracheal intubation, deaths, transfers and need of hospitalization of children between zero and 14 years old. Patients were divided in four groups: no deaths; deaths <24 hours; deaths >24 hours; transfers to other hospitals after initial care. RESULTS: 203 children were treated: 59.1% boys; mean age of 3.4 years; 65% previously healthy. The most common diagnosis was respiratory failure (31.1%). Of the 22 deaths, 3.5% took place during the first 24 hours and 7.4% after this; 172 children (84.7%) were discharged after a mean hospital length of stay of 19.2 days. Nine children (4.4%) were transferred to other hospitals. Among the 203 children, 50 children (24.6%) were intubated after admission and 86 children (42.4%) had to be admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit. CONCLUSIONS: The patients who died early were younger and mainly shock victims. Girls who suffered from previous diseases and respiratory failure were predominant among the patients who died 24 hours after initial care. Patients who survived the emergency crisis were mainly males, older and also presented respiratory diseases. The need for invasive procedures (tracheal intubation) and hospitalization in intensive care units was significant in this population, underscoring the need for adequate equipment and specialized professionals in the emergency pediatric hospital services.

INTRODUÇÃO: Baseado no conhecimento atual sobre o diabetes tipo 2 (DM), considerado como um estado de doença cardiovascular, várias diretrizes surgem no intuito de sugerir uma avaliação cardiovascular rotineira nesses indivíduos, na tentativa de se detectar precocemente a doença arterial coronariana (DAC). Neste trabalho, objetivamos descrever qual avaliação cardiovascular basal fora realizada em um período de seguimento dos mesmos, dentro de um centro universitário especializado no tratamento de diabetes, adequado para a realidade brasileira. SUJEITOS E MÉTODOS: Anotamos dados clínicos do prontuário de 121 pacientes portadores de DM tipo 2 atendidos no Centro de Diabetes da Universidade Federal de São Paulo e confrontamos com o tipo de avaliação cardiovascular a que os mesmos haviam sido submetidos no ano que precedia a consulta. RESULTADOS: Observamos que na população estudada havia uma alta prevalência de outros fatores de risco cardiovasculares associados. Quanto às avaliações cardiovasculares realizadas no período, cerca de 36% dos pacientes não realizaram nenhum teste cardiológico, 17% foram submetidos ao eletrocardiograma de repouso e 27% dos pacientes foram submetidos ao teste ergométrico. Exames como ecocardiograma em repouso ou sob stress farmacológico, cintilografia de perfusão do miocárdio e cinecoronariografia foram realizados em menor proporção. CONCLUSÃO: Nossos dados mostraram a variabilidade e limitações na forma de abordagem diagnóstica de DAC de pacientes acompanhados em ambiente universitário e nos apontam para a necessidade de construir diretrizes mais bem definidas e dirigidas para as peculiaridades da população e sistema de saúde brasileiros.

INTRODUCTION: Type 2 diabetes is a cardiovascular disease. The morbidity and mortality among these patients are primarily due to cardiovascular diseases. There are many guidelines regarding clinical evaluation of cardiovascular disease in those patients. Implementation of these guidelines has been an argued subject. Our objective in this paper is to describe what basal cardiovascular evaluation has been carried out at a specialized university Diabetes Center. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Data were collected from February to October 2006 of 121 type 2 diabetes individuals who were enrolled at the Diabetes Center of Federal University of São Paulo. We analyzed the type of cardiovascular disease evaluation that they had been submitted in the year that preceded the consultation. RESULTS: We have observed a high prevalence of several other cardiovascular risk factors in this population. The cardiovascular evaluations during this period has shown 36% of the patients had not been submitted to any cardiovascular test, 17% had been submitted to resting electrocardiogram and 27% of the patients had been submitted to exercise test. Rest echocardiogram, pharmacologic stress echocardiogram, myocardial perfusion scintigraphy, and coronary angiography have been carried out in a much lesser ratio. CONCLUSION: Our data has shown the variability and limitations on boarding diagnosing of DAC in university environment patients and point us the necessity of constructing defined and directed directives for the peculiarities of the Brazilian population and health system.