ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are an important complication in immunocompromised individuals, particularly neutropenic patients with hematological malignancies. In this study, we aimed to verify the epidemiology and diagnosis of IFIs in patients with hematologic problems at a tertiary hospital in Goiânia-GO, Brazil. METHODS: Data from 117 patients, involving 19 cases of IFIs, were collected. The collected data included diagnosis methods, demographics, clinical characteristics, and in vitro susceptibility to different antifungal agents. Among the 19 cases, 12 were classified as proven IFI and 7 as probable invasive aspergillosis with detection of galactomannan in blood and presence of lung infiltrates in radiographic images. Logistic regression analysis showed that the proven and probable IFIs were associated with increased risk of death. Statistical analysis demonstrated that age, sex, and underlying disease were not independently associated with risk of death in IFI patients. RESULTS: Most bloodstream isolates of Candida spp. exhibited low minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) to all antifungal agents tested. Voriconazole and amphotericin had the lowest MICs for Aspergillus spp. and Fusarium spp., but Fusarium spp. showed the least susceptibility to all antifungals tested. Amphotericin B, fluconazole, and itraconazole were found to be inactive in vitro against Acremonium kiliense; but this fungus was sensitive to voriconazole. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the high number of IFI cases, with crude mortality rate of 6%, we could conclude that IFIs remain a common infection in patients with hematological malignancies and underdiagnosed ante mortem. Thus, IFIs should be monitored closely.

Aplastic anemia is an uncommon complication of thymoma and is extremely infrequent after the surgical removal of a thymic tumor. Aplastic anemia is a result of marrow failure and is characterized by peripheral pancytopenia and severely depressed marrow cellularity; it may be an autoimmune manifestation of thymoma. As thymoma-associated hematological dyscrasias, which include pure red cell aplasia, aplastic anemia and myasthenia gravis, are supposed to be of immunologic origin, two cases of very severe aplastic anemia following the resection of lymphocytic thymomas treated with immunosuppression are herein presented.

Objetivo: Relatar a evolução dos pacientes com linfoma de Hodgkin tratados com transplante autólogo após falha ou recidiva do tratamento de primeira escolha com quimioterapia e/ou radioterapia. Métodos: Foram analisados os resultados de uma análise retrospectiva em 31 pacientes submetidos a transplante autólogo como terapia de segunda escolha, entre abril de 2000 e dezembro de 2008. Quatorze homens e dezessete mulheres, com idade mediana de 27 anos, foram submetidos a transplante autólogo por linfoma de Hodgkin após recidiva (n = 21) ou por refratariedade (n = 10). Resultados: A mortalidade relacionada ao tratamento nos primeiros 100 dias póstransplante foi de 3,2%. Com um acompanhamento médio de 18 meses (variação: 1 a 88), a probabilidade de sobrevida global e sobrevida livre de progressão em 18 meses foi de 84 e 80%, respectivamente. A probabilidade de sobrevida global e sobrevida livre de progressão aos 18 meses para pacientes com recidivas quimiossensíveis (n = 21) foi de 95 e 90%, respectivamente, versus 60 e 45% para os pacientes com recidiva resistente à quimioterapia (n = 10) (p = 0,001 para sobrevida global; p= 0,003 para sobrevida livre de progressão). Na análise multivariada, a ausência de doença ou doença pré-transplante < 5 cm foi um fator favorável para a sobrevida global (p= 0,02; RR: 0,072; IC95%: 0,01-0,85) e sobrevida livre de progressão (p= 0,01; RR: 0,040; IC95%: 0,007-0,78). Conclusão: O transplante autólogo de célulastronco constitui uma opção terapêutica para pacientes com linfoma de Hodgkin após uma primeira recaída. Resultados promissores foram observados em pacientes com baixa carga tumoral ao transplante. Abordagens inovadoras devem ser buscadas para pacientes com fatores de risco para recidiva.

Objective: To report the clinical progress of patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma treated with autologous transplantation after failure or relapse of first-line treatment with chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. Methods: The results of a retrospective analysis of 31 patients submitted to autologous transplantation as second-line treatment, between April 2000 and December 2008, were analyzed. Fourteen men and seventeen women, with a median age of 27 years, were submitted to autologous transplantation for relapsed (n = 21) or refractory (n = 10) Hodgkin's lymphoma. Results: Mortality related to treatment in the first 100 days after transplant was 3.2%. With a mean follow-up period of 18 months (range: 1 to 88 months), the probability of global survival and progression-free survival in 18 months was 84 and 80%, respectively. The probability of global survival and progression-free survival at 18 months for patients with chemosensitive relapses (n = 21) was 95 and 90%, respectively, versus 60 and 45% for patients with relapses resistant to chemotherapy (n = 10) (p = 0.001 for global survival; p = 0.003 for progression-free survival). In the multivariate analysis, absence of disease or pretransplant disease < 5 cm were favorable factors for global survival (p= 0.02; RR: 0.072; 95%CI: 0.01-0.85) and progression-free survival (p= 0.01; RR: 0.040; 95%CI: 0.007-0.78). Conclusion: Autologous transplantation of stem-cells is a therapeutic option for Hodgkin's lymphoma patients after the first relapse. Promising results were observed in patients with a low tumor burden at transplant.

Copper selenide (berzelianite) films were prepared on the title substrates using the chemical bath deposition technique (CBD). Film composition was determined by energy dispersion of x-rays. The kinetics of film growth is parabolic and film adherence limits the film thickness. On titanium, copper selenide forms islands that do not completely cover the surface, unless the substrate is prepared with a tin oxide layer; film composition also depends on the titanium oxide layer. On vitreous carbon, CBD and mechanical immobilization techniques lead to films with similar resistances for the electron transfer across the film/substrate interface. On gold, composition studies revealed that film composition is always the same if the pH is in the range from 8 to 12, in contrast to films prepared by an ion-ion combination route. On copper, a new procedure for obtaining copper selenide films as thick as 5 µm has been developed.