The objective of this work is to provide a reliable numerical model using the finite element method (FEM) for the static and dynamic analysis of reinforced concrete (RC) shells. For this purpose two independently computer programs based on plasticity and viscoplasticity theories are developed. The well known degenerated shell element is used for the static analysis up to failure load, while 3D brick elements are used for the dynamic application. The implicit Newmark scheme with predictor and corrector phases is used for time integration of the nonlinear system of equations. Two benchmark examples analyzed by others are solved with the present numerical model and results are compared with those obtained by other authors. The present numerical model is able to reproduce the path failure, collapse loads and failure mechanism within an acceptable level of accuracy.

The main objectives of this work are the formulation, implementation and applications of a numerical algorithm to simulate turbulent, incompressible, isothermal flows. The transient three-dimensional flow is analyzed using an explicit Taylor-Galerkin scheme and the finite element method with hexahedrical eight-node element. Turbulence is simulated using Large Eddy Simulation. For sub-grid scales two models were implemented, the classical Smagorinsky's model and the dynamic eddy viscosity model. For the second filtration, which is necessary in the dynamic model, a new method was developed based on independent finite elements that involve each node in the original mesh. The implemented scheme is efficient and good results with low additional computational cost were obtained. Results for two classical problems, the driven cavity and the backward facing step are presented. Comments about the model applicability for flows with high Reynolds numbers are also presented.