Abstract Objective To analyze emotional intelligence among nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic and describe emotional attention, clarity and repair scores in managing emotions. Methods This is a quantitative, observational cross-sectional study, comprising 121 nursing students at the Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco. Data collection was performed using a self-administered form containing the Informed Consent Form, a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Trait Meta-Mood Scale-24, validated for use in Portuguese. Data were submitted to statistical treatment using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 20.0. Results There were no significant differences between gender, sociodemographic data, and graduation period with Trait Meta-Mood Scale-24 scores. However, fourth and eighth semester students had significantly lower averages on this scale (p=0.015). Conclusion The need to address emotional intelligence throughout the nursing graduation was evidenced, in addition to reinforcing the psychological support of students, based on services already provided by the university.

Resumen Objetivo Analizar la inteligencia emocional de estudiantes de enfermería durante la pandemia de COVID-19 y describir los puntajes de atención emocional, claridad y reparación en la gestión de las emociones. Métodos Se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, observacional de diseño transversal, compuesto por 121 estudiantes de la carrera de Enfermería de la Universidad Federal do Vale do São Francisco. La recopilación de datos se realizó a través de un formulario autoaplicado que contenía el Consentimiento Informado, un cuestionario sociodemográfico y la escala Trait Meta-Mood Scale-24, validada para uso en idioma portugués. Los datos pasaron por tratamiento estadístico utilizando el programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, versión 20.0. Resultados No hubo diferencias significativas entre sexo, datos sociodemográficos y semestre de la carrera con el puntaje de la Trait Meta-Mood Scale-24. Sin embargo, los alumnos del cuarto y del octavo semestre presentaron promedios considerablemente inferiores en esta escala (p=0,015). Conclusión Se evidenció la necesidad de tratar la inteligencia emocional a lo largo de la carrera de enfermería, además de reforzar la contención psicológica de los estudiantes, a partir de servicios que la universidad ya ofrece.

Resumo Objetivo Analisar a inteligência emocional entre estudantes de enfermagem na pandemia de COVID-19 e descrever os escores de atenção emocional, clareza e reparação na gestão das emoções. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, observacional de delineamento transversal, composto por 121 estudantes do Curso de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um formulário autoaplicável contendo Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido, questionário sociodemográfico e a escala Trait Meta-Mood Scale-24, validado para o uso em língua portuguesa. Os dados foram submetidos a tratamento estatístico utilizando-se o programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, versão 20.0. Resultados Não houve diferenças significativas entre sexo, dados sociodemográficos e período da graduação com a pontuação do Trait Meta-Mood Scale-24. Entretanto, os alunos do quarto e do oitavo semestre apresentaram significativamente menores médias desta escala (p=0,015). Conclusão Evidenciou-se a necessidade de abordar a inteligência emocional ao longo da graduação em enfermagem, além de reforçar o amparo psicológico dos estudantes, a partir de serviços já disponibilizados pela universidade.

ABSTRACT Several abiotic factors, such as water availability, significantly affect the development of forest species found in the understory. This research aimed to evaluate morphophysiological characteristics in plants of Erythroxylum pauferrense submitted to different water regimes. The experiment was developed in a greenhouse at the Federal University of Paraíba, Campus II, Areia, Paraíba, Brazil. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with five water treatments [100%, 80%, 60%, 40% and 20% of the pot capacity (PC)] and four replications. Growth attributes, morphofunctional aspects, gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll indices were evaluated. The data were submitted for analysis of variance, and in cases of significance, polynomial regression analyses were performed. The plants of Erythroxylum pauferrense submitted to 100% and 80% water levels of the PC present greater development and morphophysiological performance. In comparison, the evaluated parameters were significantly reduced in the regime of greater water stress (20% of the PC). Thus, the water regime of 80% of PC is the most recommended for producing seedlings of Erythroxylum pauferrense, promoting greater growth and significant changes in morphofunctional aspects, gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll indexes.

RESUMO Vários fatores abióticos, como a disponibilidade de água, afetam significativamente o desenvolvimento das espécies florestais encontradas no sub-bosque. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar características morfofisiológicas em plantas de Erythroxylum pauferrense submetidas a diferentes regimes hídricos. O experimento foi desenvolvido em casa de vegetação na Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus II, Areia, Paraíba, Brasil. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos hídricos [100%, 80%, 60%, 40% e 20% da capacidade do vaso (PC)] e quatro repetições. Foram avaliados atributos de crescimento, aspectos morfofuncionais, trocas gasosas, fluorescência da clorofila e índices de clorofila. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e, nos casos de significância, análises de regressão polinomial. As plantas de Erythroxylum pauferrense submetidas a regimes hídricos de 100% e 80% da PC apresentam maior desenvolvimento e desempenho morfofisiológico. Em comparação, os parâmetros avaliados foram significativamente reduzidos no regime de maior estresse hídrico (20% da PC). Assim, o regime hídrico de 80% de PC é o mais recomendado para produção de mudas de Erythroxylum pauferrense, promovendo maior crescimento e alterações significativas nos aspectos morfofuncionais, trocas gasosas, fluorescência da clorofila e índices de clorofila.

Abstract This study aimed to investigate whether GSK-3 inhibition (CHIR99021) effectively promoted mineralization by cementoblasts (OCCM-30). OCCM-30 cells were used and treated with different concentrations of CHIR99021 (2.5, 5, and 10 mM). Experiments included proliferation and viability, cellular metabolic activity, gene expression, and mineral nodule formation by Xylene Orange at the experimental time points. In general, CHIR99021 did not significantly affect OCCM-30 viability and cell metabolism (MTT assay) (p > 0.05), but increased OCCM-30 proliferation at 2.5 mM on days 2 and 4 (p < 0.05). Data analysis further showed that inhibition of GSK-3 resulted in increased transcript levels of Axin2 in OCCM-30 cells starting as early as 4 h, and regulated the expression of key bone markers including alkaline phosphatase (Alp), runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx-2), osteocalcin (Ocn), and osterix (Osx). In addition, CHIR99021 led to an enhanced mineral nodule formation in vitro under both osteogenic and non-osteogenic conditions as early as 5 days after treatment. Altogether, the results of the current study suggest that inhibition of GSK-3 has the potential to promote cementoblast differentiation leading to increased mineral deposition in vitro.

ABSTRACT Regional development in the state of Pará (Brazil) continues to be limited by lack of access to energy. This is a problem that is widespread in several rural communities and agricultural regions. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the potential use of palm oil and cocoa processing waste biomass, which are abundant in the state and whose energy capacities can be used to generate electricity in biomass gasification plants. To do so, a literature review on elementary and calorific value analysis of palm oil (empty fruit bunches, fibers, kernel shell and cake, trunks, and others) and cocoa (pod husks) were conducted. The findings have shown that both waste biomass materials have satisfactory energetic characteristics for use in gasification plants. Thus, palm oil and cocoa processing waste biomasses are alternative energy sources for producers of these fruits in upstate Pará, enabling the development of the region. Brazil (Brazil regions Therefore plants so empty bunches fibers cake trunks others pod husks conducted Thus region

ABSTRACT Several drugs are available for the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Over the last decades, most patients requiring pharmacological intervention were offered antiresorptive drugs as first-line therapy, while anabolic agents were considered a last resource for those with therapeutic failure. However, recent randomized trials in patients with severe osteoporosis have shown that anabolic agents reduce fractures to a greater extent than antiresorptive medications. Additionally, evidence indicates that increases in bone mineral density (BMD) are maximized when patients are treated with anabolic agents first, followed by antiresorptive therapy. This evidence is key, considering that greater increases in BMD during osteoporosis treatment are associated with a more pronounced reduction in fracture risk. Thus, international guidelines have recently proposed an individualized approach to osteoporosis treatment based on fracture risk stratification, in which the stratification risk has been refined to include a category of patients at very high risk of fracture who should be managed with anabolic agents as first-line therapy. In this document, the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism and the Brazilian Association of Bone Assessment and Metabolism propose the definition of very high risk of osteoporotic fracture in postmenopausal women, for whom anabolic agents should be considered as first-line therapy. This document also reviews the factors associated with increased fracture risk, trials comparing anabolic versus antiresorptive agents, efficacy of anabolic agents in patients who are treatment naïve versus those previously treated with antiresorptive agents, and safety of anabolic agents.

ABSTRACT Denosumab (DMAb) is a human monoclonal antibody used as an antiresorptive drug in the treatment of osteoporosis. Approval at a dosage of 60 mg every 6 months was based on the results of the randomized, placebo-controlled trial (FREEDOM). The design of this 3-year study included an extension for up to 10 years. Those who were randomized to DMAb continued on drug, while those who were randomized to placebo transitioned to DMAb. The 10-year experience with DMAb provides data on efficacy of drug in terms of reduced fractures and continued increases in bone mineral density (BMD). The 10-year experience with denosumab also provides information about rare complications associated with the use of DMAb, such as osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ), and atypical femoral fractures (AFF). This experience provided new insights into the reversibility of effects upon discontinuation without follow-on therapy with another agent. This review focuses upon prolonged treatment with DMAb, with regard to beneficial effects on fracture reduction and safety. Additionally, its use in patients with impaired renal function, compare its results with those of bisphosphonates (BPs), the occurrence/frequency of complications, in addition to the use of different tools, from imaging techniques to histological findings, to evaluate its effects on bone tissue.

ABSTRACT Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is an endocrine disorder resulting from the hyperfunction of one or more parathyroid glands, with hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH). It can be managed by parathyroidectomy (PTX) or non-surgically. Medical therapy with pharmacological agents is an alternative for those patients with asymptomatic PHPT who meet guidelines for surgery but are unable or unwilling to undergo PTX. In this review, we focus upon these non-surgical aspects of PHPT management. We emphasize the most studied and widely used pharmacological alternatives: bisphosphonates, denosumab, cinacalcet and hormone therapy, in addition to combined therapy. We also address the relevant aspects of perioperative management.

Abstract Obesity affects several areas of the human body, leading to increased morbidity and mortality and the likelihood of other diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases and musculoskeletal disorders. These conditions predispose to bone fractures and sarcopenic obesity, defined by the presence of an obesity-associated decrease in muscle mass and strength. Both bone fragility and sarcopenic obesity disease are consequences of several factors, such as a low degree of chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, hormonal changes, nutritional deficiencies, ectopic fat deposits and sedentary lifestyle. The diagnosis of obesity-related musculoskeletal disorders is limited by the lack of sarcopenia criteria and lower accuracy of bone mineral density measurement by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in overweight people. Reducing body weight provides undeniable benefits to this population, however treating cases of severe obesity with bariatric surgery can cause even greater damage to bone and muscle health, especially in the long term. The mechanisms involved in this process are not yet fully understood, but factors related to nutrient malabsorption and mechanical discharge as well as changes in gut hormones, adipokines and bone marrow adiposity should be taken into account. Depending on the surgical technique performed, greater musculoskeletal damage may occur, especially in cases of malabsorptive surgeries such as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, when compared to restrictive techniques such as sleeve gastrectomy. This difference is probably due to greater weight loss, nutrient malabsorption and important hormonal changes that occur as a consequence of the diversion of intestinal transit and loss of greater absorptive surface. Thus, people undergoing bariatric procedures, especially malabsorptive ones, should have their musculoskeletal health supervised to allow early diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic interventions to prevent osteoporotic fractures and preserve the functionality of the skeletal muscles. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2022;66(5):621-32

RESUMO A luz solar influencia diretamente no desenvolvimento das espécies florestais, afetando os atributos de crescimento e fisiologia das plantas. Dentre essas espécies, Erythroxylum pauferrense Plowman é considerada uma espécie rara, pois sua distribuição é restrita apenas ao estado da Paraíba. Diante disso, são necessários estudos que busquem avaliar a adaptação, desenvolvimento e propagação da espécie em diferentes condições ambientais. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os aspectos morfofisiológicos de mudas de Erythroxylum pauferrense submetidas a diferentes níveis de sombreamento. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco tratamentos (0, 30, 50, 70 e 90% de sombreamento) e oito repetições. Foram avaliadas as características de crescimento, atributos morfofuncionais, trocas gasosas, fluorescência da clorofila (Chl) a e teor de Chl. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância seguida de análise de regressão polinomial. Os resultados mostraram que as plantas cultivadas sob 30 a 50% de sombreamento apresentaram maior altura da planta, diâmetro do caule, taxa de crescimento absoluto para altura da planta, massa seca da folha, massa seca do caule, massa seca total, índice de qualidade de Dickson, área foliar e índice de área foliar, bem como a taxa de assimilação líquida de CO2, condutância estomática, transpiração, eficiência instantânea do uso da água e conteúdo de Chl a, b e a+b. Portanto, níveis de 30 a 50% de sombreamento são os mais recomendados para a produção de mudas de Erythroxylum pauferrense. Recomenda-se o uso de Erythroxylum pauferrense para reflorestar o sub-bosque em áreas perturbadas nos Brejos de Altitude e a produção em larga escala de mudas em níveis de 30 a 50% de sombreamento.

ABSTRACT Sunlight directly influences on the development of forest species by affecting the attributes of plant growth and physiology. Among these species, Erythroxylum pauferrense Plowman is considered a rare species, as its distribution is restricted only to the state of Paraíba. Therefore, studies are needed that seek to evaluate the adaptation, development and propagation of the species under different environmental conditions. This study aimed to evaluate morphophysiological aspects of Erythroxylum pauferrense seedlings submitted to different levels of shading. The experiment was carried out under greenhouse condition in a completely randomized design with five treatments (0, 30, 50, 70, and 90% shading) and eight replicates. Growth characteristics, morphofunctional attributes, gas exchange, chlorophyll (Chl) a fluorescence, and Chl content were evaluated. Data were submitted to analysis of variance followed by polynomial regression analysis. Results showed that plants grown under 30 to 50% shading showed higher plant height, stem diameter, absolute growth rate for plant height, leaf dry mass, stem dry mass, total dry mass, Dickson’s quality index, leaf area, and leaf area index, as well as net assimilation rate of CO2, stomatal conductance, transpiration, instantaneous water use efficiency, and Chl a, b, and a+b contents. Therefore, levels from 30 to 50% shading are the most recommended for the production of Erythroxylum pauferrense seedlings. We recommend using Erythroxylum pauferrense to reforest the understory in disturbed areas in Brejos de Altitude and large-scale production of seedlings under intermediate levels of shading.

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as características das mulheres atendidas no polo do Programa Academia da Saúde em Sobral, Ceará. Realizou-se um estudo descritivo, de delineamento transversal com 102 participantes do programa. As informações foram obtidas por meio da aplicação de uma ficha de avaliação corporal integrada. Foram coletadas as variáveis de idade, cor da pele, estado civil, situação ocupacional, índice de massa corporal, uso de medicamentos, álcool e tabaco, morbidades e autopercepção corporal através de escala válida. Foi utilizada estatística descritiva (média, desvio padrão, frequência absoluta e relativa) para análise dos dados. Os resultados mostram que o perfil de usuários frequentadores são mulheres de meia idade (47,1%), brancas (56,9%), que vivem com o companheiro (66,7%), possuem alguma morbidade autorreferida (67,6%), desempregadas (37,2%) e com autopercepção corporal negativa (60,8%). As ações desenvolvidas no polo do PAS de Sobral têm assegurado maior participação de mulheres de meia idade, brancas, que vivem com companheiro, possuem alguma morbidade autorreferida, são em maior parte desempregadas e possuem autopercepção corporal negativa. Além disso, as ações têm contemplado uma participação irrisória de homens. Este estudo orienta que ações dos polos do PAS sejam acompanhadas e avaliadas para que gestores possam compreender como reverberam as atividades propostas em relação ao perfil dos usuários, oportunizando também a comparabilidade entre diferentes polos do programa, favorecendo a elaboração de estratégias que apresentem aderência dos usuários às atividades propostas.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of women attended in the pole of the Academia da Saúde Program in Sobral, Ceará. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out with 102 program participants. The information was obtained through the application of an integrated body assessment form. The following variables were collected: age, skin color, marital status, occupational status, body mass index, use of medicines, alcohol and tobacco use, morbidities and body self-perception through a valid scale. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, absolute and relative frequency) were used for data analysis. The results show that the profile of users who visit are middle-aged women (47.1%), white (56.9%), who live with their partners (66.7%), have some self-reported morbidity (67.6%), unemployed (37.2%) and with negative body self-perception (60.8%). The actions developed at the PAS of Sobral have ensured greater participation of middle-aged, white women, who live with a partner, have some self-reported morbidity, are mostly unemployed and have negative body self-perception. In addition, the actions have included a negligible participation of men. This study guides the actions of the PAS hubs to be monitored and evaluated so that managers can understand how the proposed activities reverberate in relation to the users' profile, also enabling the comparability between different hubs of the program, favoring the development of strategies that present user adherence proposed activities.

RESUMO: Objetivou-se avaliar a reação pós-vacinal de duas estirpes lentogênicas do vírus da doença de Newcastle (VDN) e uma vacina recombinante de herpesvirus de perus (rHVT) que expressa a glicoproteína de fusão de VDN em frangos de corte por meio da histomorfometria e histopatologia da traqueia. Foram utilizados 245 pintos alojados em blocos ao acaso, sendo três galpões distintos em condições controladas de temperatura, luz e ventilação. Cada galpão representou uma cepa vacinal, onde foram divididos por grupos de acordo com a via de administração. Todos os blocos possuíam um grupo controle composto por aves não vacinadas. As cepas vacinais PHY.LMV.42 (PL42) e La Sota (LS) utilizadas foram selecionadas de acordo com o Índice de Patogenicidade Intracerebral (IPIC) e a cepa Sorotipo 3 (ST3), da vacina rHVT-VDN foi selecionada por não representar infecção do VDN. Aos dois, quarto, sete, 14 e 21 dias pós-vacinação, fragmentos do terço médio da traqueia foram coletados e posteriormente processados conforme rotina histológica. Para análise histomorfométrica da mucosa traqueal, as lâminas foram fotografadas e realizadas as mensurações da espessura da mucosa traqueal sendo aplicado teste de análise de variância a dois critérios (ANOVA) e utilizando o post-hoc de Tukey com nível de significância de 5%. Para a avaliação histopatológica foram observadas a presença de lesões microscópicas e estas foram descritas quanto ao grau de intensidade e distribuição. Aos quatro e quatorze dias pós-vacinação com a cepa LS administrada por via ocular, as médias do espessamento da mucosa traqueal (20,85±7,31μm e 26,97±5,50μm, respectivamente) foram significativamente maiores (p<0,05) quando comparada a todas as demais cepas utilizadas, isto se deve às severas lesões histopatológicas encontrados neste grupo, caracterizadas por hiperemia, hiperplasia das glândulas mucosas, deciliação moderada e infiltrado inflamatório linfohistiocitário multifocal moderado. Já aos 21 dias as aves vacinadas com a cepa ST3 apresentaram lesões mais discretas e menor espessamento da mucosa da traqueia (23,23±7,62μm; p<0,05) em comparação às demais cepas estudadas. As lesões encontradas neste grupo foram apenas hemorragia, deciliação e infiltrado inflamatório linfocitário focal discreto. Os resultados da histomorfometria e da histopatologia da traqueia indicou que a vacinação com a rHVT-NDV, cepa Sorotipo 3 induziu menor grau de lesões pós-vacinais na traqueia comparada a outras cepas vacinais analisadas nesse estudo.

ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the post-vaccinal reaction to two lentogenic vaccine strains of Newcatle disease virus (NDV) and a recombinant turkey herpesvirus (rHVT) vaccine expressing the fusion glycoprotein of NDV in broiler chickens through histomorphometric and histopathologic analyses of the trachea. The experiment involved 245 chicks housed in randomized blocks with three different enclosures under controlled conditions of temperature, light and ventilation. Each enclosure represented a vaccine strain and was divided into groups according to the administration route. Each block also had its own control group composed of unvaccinated birds. The vaccine strains PHY.LMV.42 (PL42) and La Sota (LS) were selected according to the Intracerebral Pathogenicity Index (ICPI) and the rHVT-NDV Serotype 3 strain (ST3) was selected for representing non-NDV infection. At two, four, seven, 14 and 21 days post vaccination, fragments from the middle third of the trachea were collected and submitted to routine histological processing. For the histomorphometric analysis, the slides were photographed, and the thickness of the tracheal mucosa was measured. Statistical analysis involved two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc test with a 5% significance level. For the histopathological evaluation, lesions were described as to the degree of intensity and distribution. At four and 14 days post vaccination with the LS strain administered by the ocular route, the means of thickening of the tracheal mucosa (20.85±7.31μm and 26.97±5.50μm, respectively) were significantly higher (p<0.05) than for all other strains, which was related to the severe histopathological lesions found in this group, characterized by hyperemia, hyperplasia of the mucous glands, moderate deciliation and multifocal lymphohistiocytic inflammatory infiltrate. At 21 days, broiler chickens vaccinated with the ST3 strain showed more discrete lesions and less thickening of the tracheal mucosa (23.23±7.62μm; p<0.05) in comparison with other studied strains. The lesions found in this group were only hemorrhage, deciliation and mild focal lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate. The results of the histomorphometry and histopathology of the trachea indicated that vaccination with rHVT-NDV Serotype 3 strain induced lower degree post-vaccine tracheal lesions compared to other vaccine strains analyzed in this study.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To evaluated calcification of the coronary arteries and its association with visceral fat and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) serum levels. METHODS: A cross sectional study involving 140 individuals without any previous diagnosis of cardiovascular disease. A biochemical analysis of vitamin D serum levels was carried out, as well as computed tomography to measure coronary artery calcium score and visceral adipose tissue. RESULTS: The mean age of the individuals was 55.9 (±12.4). Coronary artery calcium was observed in 40.7% of the population. Vitamin D presented median serum levels of 30.4 ng/ml (IQ24.5–39.1), with 14,1 and 33.7% of the individuals presenting deficiency and insufficiency, respectively. In the univariate analysis, the calcium score was more prevalent in aged patients (p<0.01), in hypertensive individuals (p<0.01), in diabetics (p=0.02), and in those with a higher concentration of VAT (p=0.02). In the adjusted analysis, it was found that the highest concentration of VAT (OR: 4.0; 95%CI 1.4–11.7), hypertension (OR: 4.8; 95%CI 1.5–15.3), and age (OR: 10.4; 95%CI 3.9–27.6) were predictors of subclinical atherosclerosis, regardless of body mass index, diabetes, and 25OHD. CONCLUSIONS: Excess visceral fat was associated with subclinical atherosclerosis, regardless of other risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Serum levels of 25OHD were not associated with CAD in its early stages.

SUMMARY: Seasonal variation affects understory and canopy tree plants in different ways. Palicourea racemosa is an understory shrub from the Rubiaceae family and is subject to seasonal oscillations of the environment, which can affect plant ecophysiological responses. This species is widely distributed in humid forests from southern Mexico to southeastern Brazil and has broad economic and ecological importance for the regions of occurrence, being used for food, ornamental and traditional medicine purposes. It is of fundamental importance to know ecophysiological responses of this species throughout dry and rainy periods, to understand the dynamics of understory plants in tropical forests. This research aimed at evaluating the effects of seasonality on ecophysiological aspects of P. racemosa at the Mata do Pau-Ferro State Park, municipality of Areia, Paraíba, Brazil. Over ten months, upper canopy structure indices were measured in ten individuals, climatic data were collected and their effects on gas exchange and chlorophyll indices in plants were evaluated. Results showed that the environmental variables correlated with the ecophysiological ones, with a strong association of soil moisture, rainfall and leaf area index of the upper canopy on ecophysiological aspects in P. racemosa plants, indicating that water availability and irradiance affect gas exchanges and photosynthetic pigment content. Except for intrinsic water use efficiency and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency, all ecophysiological variables showed significant differences over the months, showing the influence of seasonality on the ecophysiological responses of P. racemosa.

RESUMEN: La variación estacional afecta a las plantas de árboles del sotobosque y del dosel de diferentes maneras. Palicourea racemosa es un arbusto de sotobosque de la familia Rubiaceae y está sujeto a oscilaciones estacionales del medio ambiente, que pueden afectar las respuestas ecofisiológicas de las plantas. Esta especie se encuentra ampliamente distribuida en bosques húmedos desde el sur de México hasta el sureste de Brasil y tiene una gran importancia económica y ecológica para las regiones de ocurrencia, siendo utilizada con fines alimentarios, ornamentales y de medicina tradicional. Es de fundamental importancia conocer las respuestas ecofisiológicas de esta especie a lo largo de los períodos secos y lluviosos, a fin de buscar comprender la dinámica de las plantas del sotobosque en los bosques tropicales. La investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar los efectos de la estacionalidad en aspectos ecofisiológicos de P. racemosa en el Parque Estatal Mata do Pau-Ferro, municipio de Areia, Paraíba, Brasil. Durante diez meses, se midieron índices de estructura del dosel superiores a diez individuos, se recopilaron datos climáticos y se evaluaron sus efectos sobre el intercambio de gases y los índices de clorofila en las plantas. Las variables ambientales se correlacionaron con las ecofisiológicas, con una fuerte asociación de la humedad del suelo, las precipitaciones y el índice de área foliar del dossel superior en los aspectos ecofisiológicos de P. racemosa, resultados que indican que la disponibilidad de agua y la irradiancia afectan los intercambios de gases y el contenido de pigmentos fotosintéticos en las plantas. Excepto, por la eficiencia intrínseca del uso del agua y la eficiencia de la carboxilación instantánea, todas las variables ecofisiológicas tuvieron diferencias significativas a lo largo de los meses, debido a la influencia de la estacionalidad en las respuestas ecofisiológicas de P. racemosa.

ABSTRACT Antiresorptive therapy is the main form of prevention of osteoporotic or fragility fractures. Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a relatively rare but severe adverse reaction to antiresorptive and antiangiogenic drugs. Physicians and dentists caring for patients taking these drugs and requiring invasive procedures face a difficult decision because of the potential risk of MRONJ. The aim of this study was to discuss the risk factors for the development of MRONJ and prevention of this complication in patients with osteoporosis taking antiresorptive drugs and requiring invasive dental treatment. For this goal, a task force with representatives from three professional associations was appointed to review the pertinent literature and discuss systemic and local risk factors, prevention of MRONJ in patients with osteoporosis, and management of established MRONJ. Although scarce evidence links the use of antiresorptive agents in the context of osteoporosis to the development of MRONJ, these agents are considered a risk factor for this complication. Despite the rare reports of MRONJ in patients with osteoporosis, the severity of symptoms and impact of MRONJ in the patients' quality of life make it imperative for health care professionals to consider this complication when planning invasive dental procedures.