RESUMO O número de transplantes de órgãos e tecidos em humanos e animais tem crescido significativamente nos últimos anos, principalmente após o advento de técnicas modernas e mais seguras indutoras de imunossupressão. Objetiva-se com o presente estudo avaliar macro e microscopicamente o alotransplante parcial de bexiga a fresco em coelhos, utilizando como agente imunomodulador células-tronco mesenquimais derivadas do tecido adiposo (ADSC) alogênicas. Foram utilizados 25 coelhos, sendo um deles macho e doador das ADSCs, e os outros 24 eram fêmeas, submetidas a alotransplante parcial de bexiga, tratadas com ciclosporina (GCi) ou células-tronco mesenquimais (GCe). Conclui-se que o GCe teve melhor aceitação histológica do implante em relação ao GCi aos 30 dias de avaliação.

ABSTRACT The number of organ and tissue transplantation in humans and animals has grown significantly recently, especially after the advent of modern and safer techniques of immunosuppression. The objective of this study was to evaluate macro and microscopically partial urinary bladder fresh allograft in rabbits, using as immunomodulatory agent cyclosporine or allogenic adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs). For this purpose, 25 rabbits were used. One male was the donor of ADSCs; 24 females received a partial urinary bladder allograft and were treated with cyclosporine (GCi) or mesenchymal stem cells (GCe). We conclude that the GCe group had better histological acceptance of the implant than GCi group at 30 days evaluation.

RESUMO: Amostras de sangue de 303 equinos provenientes de 56 propriedades do município de Rorainópolis, Roraima, foram avaliadas por Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (RIF) para pesquisa de anticorpos contra Sarcocystis neurona, Toxoplasma gondii e Neospora spp. Algumas amostras de soros positivos para Sarcocystis spp. foram avaliadas pelo Western Blotting (WB) utilizando antígenos crus de S. neurona. A partir dos resultados sorológicos, possíveis fatores de risco foram avaliados frente a variáveis individuais e de propriedade. A prevalência de anticorpos anti-Sarcocystis spp. foi estimada em 43,2% (37,6-49,0%), anti-Neospora sp. em 26,7% (21,9-32,2%) e anti-T. gondii de 18,5% (14,3-23,4%). Quatorze amostras (14/15) testadas por WB resultaram positivas para antígenos de S. neurona. Das propriedades, 76,8% (43/56) apresentaram pelo menos um equino positivo para Sarcocystis spp.; 69,6% (39/56) para Neospora spp. e 55,4% (31/56) para T. gondii. Dos equinos, 13 (4,3%) apresentarem anticorpos para os três agentes, 50 (16,5%) para Sarcocystis spp. e Neospora spp., 10 (3,3%) para Neospora spp. e T. gondii, e oito (2,6%) para Sarcocystis spp. e T. gondii. As variáveis associadas (P≤0,05) à presença de anticorpos foram: para Neospora spp. não pastejar em áreas alugadas, ausência de assistência veterinária na propriedade, sexo masculino, não estabular animais e plantel equino acima de 5 animais; enquanto para T. gondii foram o contato com felinos, animais da raça lavradeiro, animal estabulado, criação de bovinos na propriedade e plantel equino acima de 5 animais. Não houveram variáveis associadas a presença de anticorpos contra S. neurona. Relata-se no presente estudo a primeira detecção de anticorpos anti-S. neurona, Neospora spp. e T. gondii em equinos do estado de Roraima, localizado na Amazônia Setentrional Brasileira, ressaltando para a elevada frequência de fazendas com equinos soropositivos.

ABSTRACT: Samples of 303 horses from 56 ranches of Rorainópolis municipality, state of Roraima, were evaluated by means of the Indirect Immunofluorescence Test (IFAT) to detect antibodies against Sarcocystis spp., Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora spp. A subset of positive sample (n=15) against Sarcocystis spp. was evaluated by Western Blotting (WB) with crude antigen of S. neurona. From the serological result, possible risk factors were evaluated against individual or farming variables. The prevalence of anti-Sarcocystis spp. antibodies was estimated to be 43.2% (37.6-49.0%), anti-Neospora sp. was 26.7% (21.9-32.2%), and anti-T. gondii was 18.5% (14.3-23.4%). Fourteen samples (14/15) evaluated by WB were positive for S. neurona antigens. From the ranches, 76.8% (43/56) presented at least one positive horse for Sarcocystis spp., 69.6% (39/56) for Neospora spp., and 55.4% (31/56) for T. gondii. Thirteen (14.3%) horses had antibodies against all agents, 50 (16.5%) had antibodies against Sarcocystis spp. and Neospora spp., 10 (3.3%) for Neospora spp. and T. gondii, and eight (2.6%) for Sarcocystis spp. and T. gondii. Associated variables (P≤0.05) for antibodies against Neospora spp. were not found in horses fed on rented pastures, not in horses without veterinary assistance and stables, and not in herds up to 5 horses; while they were associated for T. gondii by contact with cats, in the Lavradeiro breed with use of stables, in horses raise with cattle, and in herds up to 5 horses. There were no variables associated with the presence of antibodies against S. neurona. Antibodies against S. neurona, Neospora spp. and T. gondii were reported in horses from the state of Roraima, Northern Brazilian Amazon, highlighting to the elevate prevalence on ranches.

Evaluation of microvascular endothelial function is essential for investigating the pathophysiology and treatment of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Although laser speckle contrast imaging technology is well accepted as a noninvasive methodology for assessing microvascular endothelial function, it has never been used to compare male patients with coronary artery disease with male age-matched healthy controls. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine whether laser speckle contrast imaging could be used to detect differences in the systemic microvascular functions of patients with established cardiovascular disease (n=61) and healthy age-matched subjects (n=24). Cutaneous blood flow was assessed in the skin of the forearm using laser speckle contrast imaging coupled with the transdermal iontophoretic delivery of acetylcholine and post-occlusive reactive hyperemia. The maximum increase in skin blood flow induced by acetylcholine was significantly reduced in the cardiovascular disease patients compared with the control subjects (74 vs 116%; P<0.01). With regard to post-occlusive reactive hyperemia-induced vasodilation, the patients also presented reduced responses compared to the controls (0.42±0.15 vs 0.50±0.13 APU/mmHg; P=0.04). In conclusion, laser speckle contrast imaging can identify endothelial and microvascular dysfunctions in male individuals with cardiovascular disease. Thus, this technology appears to be an efficient non-invasive technique for evaluating systemic microvascular and endothelial functions, which could be valuable as a peripheral marker of atherothrombotic diseases in men.

Avaliou-se a capacidade fecundante do sêmen caprino resfriado a 5ºC, por 12 (TI) ou 24 horas (TII), em container especial. Para tanto, utilizaram-se 62 fêmeas e dois reprodutores (B1 e B2) da raça Toggenburg, distribuídos em um esquema fatorial 2x2 (dois reprodutores e dois períodos de estocagem do sêmen). Após a coleta, o sêmen foi diluído em Tris-frutose-gema de ovo a 2,5%, envasado em palhetas de 0,25mL, com 150x10(6) espermatozoides móveis e resfriado a 5ºC. As fêmeas receberam duas doses de 22,5µg de PGF2α, em intervalos de 10 dias para a sincronização do estro. A partir da primeira aplicação de PGF2α, as fêmeas foram monitoradas para ocorrência de estro, três vezes ao dia. Realizou-se uma única inseminação, pela técnica de fixação da cérvice, 12 horas após o início do estro. A motilidade e o vigor, após 12 ou 24 horas de resfriamento, foram de 66,14±0,11% e 62,50±0,05%, e 3,46±0,61 e 3,27±0,50, respectivamente. Não houve influência (P>0,05) do reprodutor, nem do período de armazenamento do sêmen sobre a taxa de concepção das cabras, que foi de 49,1%.

The fertilizing capacity of goat semen cooled in egg yolk diluent at 5ºC, for 12 or 24 hours was evaluated. Sixty-two Toggenburg does and two sexually mature Toggenburg bucks were used in a fatorial treatment combination (two bucks and two storage periods). The semen was diluted in 2.5% Tris-frutose-egg yolk; envased in 0.25mL plastic straws, with 150x10(6) mobile spermatozoa; and cooled at 5ºC for 12 or 24 hours. The females received two doses of 22.5µg of prostaglandine F2α, at each 10-day intervals in order to synchronize the estrous. From the first PGF2α injection, estrous occurrence was monitored three times per day. Only one insemination was used, using the cervix fixation method, 12 hours after the estrous onset. The means of motility and strength, 12 (TI) and 24 hours (TII) after semen cooling at 5ºC, were 66.14±0.11% and 62.50±0.05%, and 3.46±0.61 and 3.27±0.50, respectively. Neither the sire nor the period of semen influenced (P>0.05) the conception rate of the does, which was 49.1%.

Avaliaram-se os compósitos de hidroxiapatita sintética e carbono (HAC) e hidroxiapatita sintética, carbono e fosfato biácido de sódio (HACF), ambos na forma sólida, como substituto ósseo em 36 coelhos adultos. Após protocolos anestésico e cirúrgico habituais, retirou-se um fragmento de aproximadamente 2cm de comprimento no terço médio da ulna esquerda. Os animais do grupo 1 receberam, em cada falha provocada, blocos de HAC e HACF, e os do grupo 2 somente HAC. Os do grupo 3 não receberam tratamento. Os animais foram submetidos a avaliações clínicas e radiológicas nos dias 8, 15, 30, 60, 120 e 180 de pós-operatório. Nas mesmas datas, dois animais de cada grupo foram sacrificados e deles colheu-se material para histologia. Observou-se evolução normal da regeneração óssea em todos os animais, sendo mais precoce nos dos grupos que receberam os compósitos. O uso de HAC e HACF na ulna de coelho mostrou-se um método eficiente, não apresentando sinais de infecção e nem evidência de rejeição.

Composites of synthetic hydroxyapatite and carbon (HAC) and synthetic hydroxyapatite, carbon and sodium biacid phosphate (HACF), both of them in solid form, as substitute in bone regeneration were studied. Thirty-six rabbits divided in three groups were used. After routine anesthetic and surgical procedure, a bone fragment with two-centimeter in length was taken from the middle part of the left ulna. Animals from group 1 received one block of HAC and HACF, from group 2 received only HAC, in the criated bone defect, and animals from group 3 did not receive any treatment. They were submitted to clinical and radiographic examinations at 8, 15, 30, 60, 120 and 180 days after surgery to evaluate bone healing. At the same dates, two animals of each group were enthanised and bone fragments were collected for histological evaluations. The results showed normal evolution of bone regeneration in all groups but faster in animals that received the composites. The use of HAC and HACF showed to be efficient and biocompatible, and not caused rejection.

The frequency of Pteromalidae species found in Diptera pupae that were collected from cattle dung in Panamá, State of Goiás, Brazil, between May and December 2003 was studied. The pupae were obtained by the flotation method and were individually placed in gelatin capsules until the emergence of the adult flies or their parasitoids. The overall percentage of parasitism was 14.7%. The percentage of parasitism presented by the parasitoids Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae (Rondani), Spalangia cameroni Perkins, Spalangia drosophilae Ashmead , Spalangia endius Walker, Spalangia nigra Latrielle and Spalangia nigroaenea Curtis were 1.7%, 1.4%, 2.4%, 0.7%, 2.4% and 6.1%, respectively.

RESUMO Este estudo relata a primeira ocorrência de Trybliographa sp. (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Eucoilinae) como parasitóide de Oxysarcodexia thornax (Walker, 1849) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) encontrado em fezes humanas em Itumbiara, GO, Brasil. Amostras de fezes humanas foram coletadas em intervalos de duas semanas de sua exposição no campo e levadas para o laboratório para extração das pupas pelo método de flutuação. As pupas foram individualizadas em cápsulas de gelatina e mantidas até a emergência das moscas e/ou parasitóides. A porcentagem de parasitismo foi de 10%.

ABSTRACT This study reports, for the first time, the occurrence of Trybliographa sp. (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Eucoilinae) parasitoid of Oxysarcodexia thornax (Walker, 1849) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) found in human feces in Itumbiara, GO, Brazil. Human feces samples, collected at two-weeks intervals, were taken to the laboratory and the pupae were extracted by water flotation. Each pupa was placed in capsules of colorless gelatin until the emergence of flies or their parasitoids. The percentage of parasitism was 10%.