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Development of a validation protocol method for nucleic acid testing to detect human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus, and hepatitis B virus
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SILVA, MARCELE C.C. DA

; ABREU, LETÍCIA C.L. DE

; CARMO, FLAVIA A. DO

; RODRIGUES, CARLOS R.

; SOUSA, VALERIA P. DE

; CABRAL, LUCIO M.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volumen 94 elocation e20211321

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The concern about the risks of viral infections transmission through blood transfusion has led into a search for improvements on screening tests used for the selection of blood donors. Molecular biology techniques applied in researches of viral genomes, known as Nucleic Acid-amplification-Test (NAT), represent a technology capable of increasing transfusion safety by shortening the diagnostic window period. In Brazil, the implementation of this technology for the detection of HIV, HCV and HBV occurred due to the implantation of the NAT Kit – produced by Immunobiological Technology Institute (Biomanguinhos-FIOCRUZ), in the Brazilian blood centers. The National Health Surveillance Agency attaches great importance to validation, since it standardizes, disciplines and regulates criteria for the registration of health products. This work aims to establish a protocol of performance validation by real-time PCR method, taking as the object of study the Bio-Manguinhos NAT Kit, in order to update the product registration or to meet any future needs to ensure all regulatory requirements for the performance validation of the real-time PCR diagnostic kit. The protocol developed followed the ICH recommendations. The results revealed that the adopted methodology contemplates the necessary requirements for compliance with the Brazilian legislation, as well as the established validation parameters.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220211321

Toxicological assessment of SGLT2 inhibitors metabolites using in silico approach
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JESUS, JÉSSICA B. DE

; CONCEIÇÃO, RAISSA A. DA

; MACHADO, THAYNÁ R.

; BARBOSA, MARIA L.C.

; DOMINGOS, THAISA F.S.

; CABRAL, LUCIO M.

; RODRIGUES, CARLOS R.

; ABRAHIM-VIEIRA, BÁRBARA

; SOUZA, ALESSANDRA M.T. DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volumen 94 elocation e20211287

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are the latest class of drugs approved to treat type 2 DM (T2DM). Although adverse effects are often caused by a metabolite rather than the drug itself, only the safety assessment of disproportionate drug metabolites is usually performed, which is of particular concern for drugs of chronic use, such as SGLT2i. Bearing this in mind, in silico tools are efficient strategies to reveal the risk assessment of metabolites, being endorsed by many regulatory agencies. Thereby, the goal of this study was to apply in silico methods to provide the metabolites toxicity assessment of the SGLT2i. Toxicological assessment from SGLT2i metabolites retrieved from the literature was estimated using the structure and/or statistical-based alert implemented in DataWarrior and ADMET predictorTM softwares. The drugs and their metabolites displayed no mutagenic, tumorigenic or cardiotoxic risks. Still, M1-2 and M3-1 were recognized as potential hepatotoxic compounds and M1-2, M1-3, M3-1, M3-2, M3-3 and M4-3, were estimated to have very toxic LD50 values in rats. All SGLT2i and the metabolites M3-4, M4-1 and M4-2, were predicted to have reproductive toxicity. These results support the awareness that metabolites may be potential mediators of drug-induced toxicities of the therapeutic agents.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220211287

COVID-19 in the Perioperative Period of Cardiovascular Surgery: the Brazilian Experience
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Gomes, Walter J.

; Rocco, Isadora

; Pimentel, Wallace S.

; Pinheiro, Aislan H. B.

; Souza, Paulo M. S.

; Costa, Luiz A. A.

; Teixeira, Marjory M. P.

; Ohashi, Leonardo P.

; Bublitz, Caroline

; Begot, Isis

; Moreira, Rita Simone L

; Hossne Jr, Nelson A.

; Vargas, Guilherme F.

; Branco, João Nelson R.

; Teles, Carlos A.

; Medeiros, Eduardo A. S.

; Sáfadi, Camila

; Rampinelli, Amândio

; Moratelli Neto, Leopoldo

; Rosado, Anderson Rosa

; Mesacasa, Franciele Kuhn

; Capriata, Ismael Escobar

; Segalote, Rodrigo Coelho

; Palmieri, Deborah Louize da Rocha Vianna

; Jardim, Amanda Cristina Mendes

; Vianna, Diego Sarty

; Coutinho, Joaquim Henrique de Souza Aguiar

; Jazbik, João Carlos

; Coutinho, Henrique Madureira da Rocha

; Kikuta, Gustavo

; Almeida, Zely Sant'Anna Marotti de

; Feguri, Gibran Roder

; Lima, Paulo Ruiz Lucio de

; Franco, Anna Carolina

; Borges, Danilo de Cerqueira

; Cruz, Felipe Ramos Honorato De La

; Croti, Ulisses Alexandre

; Borim, Bruna Cury

; Marchi, Carlos Henrique De

; Goraieb, Lilian

; Postigo, Karolyne Barroca Sanches

; Jucá, Fabiano Gonçalves

; Oliveira, Fátima Rosane de Almeida

; Souza, Rafael Bezerra de

; Zilli, Alexandre Cabral

; Mas, Raul Gaston Sanchez

; Bettiati Junior, Luiz Carlos

; Tranchesi, Ricardo

; Bertini Jr, Ayrton

; Franco, Leandro Vieira

; Fernandes, Priscila

; Oliveira, Fabiana

; Moraes Jr, Roberto

; Araújo, Thiago Cavalcanti Vila Nova de

; Braga, Otávio Penna

; Pedrosa Sobrinho, Antônio Cavalcanti

; Teixeira, Roberta Tavares Barreto

; Camboim, Irla Lavor Lucena

; Gomes, Eduardo Nascimento

; Reis, Pedro Horigushi

; Garcia, Luara Piovan

; Scorsioni, Nelson Henrique Goes

; Lago, Roberto

; Guizilini, Solange

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery

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Dic 2021, Volumen 36 Nº 6 Paginas 725 - 735

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Introduction: We investigated the clinical course and outcomes of patients submitted to cardiovascular surgery in Brazil and who had developed symptoms/signs of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the perioperative period. Methods: A retrospective multicenter study including 104 patients who were allocated in three groups according to time of positive real time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2): group 1, patients who underwent cardiac surgery > 10 days after positive RT-PCR; group 2, patients with a positive RT-PCR within 10 days before or after surgery; group 3, patients who presented positive RT-PCR > 10 days after surgery. The primary outcome was mortality and secondary outcomes were postoperative complications, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, and postoperative days of hospitalization. Results: The three groups were similar with respect to age, the European System of Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation score, and comorbidities, except hypertension. Postoperative complications and death were significantly higher in groups 2 and 3 than in group 1, and no significant difference between groups 2 and 3 was seen. Group 2 showed a high prevalence of surgery performed as an urgent procedure. Although no significant differences were observed in ICU length of stay, total postoperative hospitalization time was significantly higher in group 3 than in groups 1 and 2. Conclusion: COVID-19 affecting the postoperative period of patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery is associated with a higher rate of morbidity and mortality. Delaying procedures in RT-PCR-positive patients may help reduce risks of perioperative complications and death.

https://doi.org/10.21470/1678-9741-2021-0960

Cyclodextrin and TiF4 Nanocomplex on Enamel Demineralization
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Vieira, Thiago

; Alexandria, Adílis K.

; Amaral, Lilian H.

; Neves, Aline de A.

; Lopes, Ricardo T.

; Cabral, Lúcio M.

; Valença, Ana M. G.

; Maia, Lucianne C.

Brazilian Dental Journal

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Ago 2020, Volumen 31 Nº 4 Paginas 423 - 430

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da 1-etil-3- (3-dimetilaminopropil) carbodiimida (EDC) na resistência de união de pinos de fibra de vidro em canais radiculares obturados com diferentes cimentos endodônticos. Setenta e oito pré-molares inferiores foram obturados com três cimentos endodônticos (n=26): Endofill (END), AH Plus (AHP) e Endosequence BC Sealer (EBS). Após o preparo do espaço para pino, dois subgrupos formaram-se conforme a cimentação dos pinos (n=13): com EDC e sem EDC (controle - CON). Os espécimes foram submetidos ao teste pull-out, classificação do modo de falha e avaliação da superfície do canal radicular por microscopia eletrônica de varredura após o deslocamento. Quanto à força de resistência de união, uma diferença estatisticamente significativa ocorreu entre os subgrupos EDC e CON apenas no END (p=0,001). Não foi detectada diferença entre os subgrupos CON (p=0,339). Contudo, no subgrupo EDC, o AHP apresentou maiores valores (END versus AHP: p=0,001; AHP versus EBS: p=0,016). Acerca da classificação dos modos de falha, o escore 1 (≥50% de cimento) foi o mais comumente observado, exceto para END + EDC. Restos de cimentos endodônticos e cimentos resinosos foram encontrados no terço cervical, mas sem diferença estatística (p=0,269), enquanto no terço médio, houve diferença (p=0,004). Em conclusão, o EDC diminui a resistência de união quando associado ao cimento END, sem alterar o modo de falha entre o cimento resinoso e o pino de fibra de vidro. O melhor desempenho foi observado quanto o EDC foi usado com o cimento AHP.

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a newly developed nanocomplex formed of hydroxypropyl-b-cyclodextrin and 1% titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) after distinct complexation periods (12/72 h) on demineralization of bovine enamel in vitro. Enamel blocks (n=60) were allocated in different groups: Mili-Q water, hydroxypropyl-b-cyclodextrin, 1% TiF4, hydroxypropyl-b-cyclodextrin + 1% TiF4 after 12 h of complexation and hydroxypropyl-b-cyclodextrin + 1% TiF4 after 72 h of complexation. The samples were evaluated by surface microhardness, cross-sectional microhardness and micro-CT. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM/EDX) were also obtained. Hydroxypropyl-b-cyclodextrin + 1% TiF4 after 12 h complexation resulted in lower percentage of surface microhardness loss compared to Mili-Q water, hydroxypropyl-b-cyclodextrin, 1% TiF4 and hydroxypropyl-b-cyclodextrin + 1% TiF4 after 72 h of complexation group, with a large effect size (from 1.307 to 2.943) and high power (84.9 to 99%). All groups resulted in similar integrated mineral loss (ΔZ) obtained by both internal microhardness and micro-CT techniques. Enamel treated with TiF4 and TiF4 + hydroxypropyl-b-cyclodextrin groups showed a TiO2 glaze-layer, while EDX evaluation identified Ti. The solution containing the inclusion complex of hydroxypropyl-b-cyclodextrin + TiF4 with 12 h of complexation period demonstrated a significant ability to reduce surface demineralization of sound enamel under an artificial cariogenic challenge.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440202002531 617 descargas

Characterization and in vitro antitumor activity of polymeric nanoparticles loaded with Uncaria tomentosa extract
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RIBEIRO, ANA F.

; SANTOS, JULIANA F.

; MATTOS, RÔMULO R.

; BARROS, ELIANE G.O.

; NASCIUTTI, LUIZ EURICO

; CABRAL, LÚCIO M.

; SOUSA, VALERIA P. DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2020, Volumen 92 Nº 1 elocation e20190336

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Uncaria tomentosa (UT) extracts have been shown to have promising anti-tumor activity. We hypothesized that its incorporation into nanostructured systems could improve the anticancer properties. Here, poly-e-caprolactone (PCL) and poly-d,l-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) were employed to generate nanoparticles loaded with UT extract in a single emulsion solvent evaporation method. The nanoparticles were characterized by particle size, zeta potential, morphology and entrapment efficiency along with stability and release profiles. The nanoparticles presented entrapment efficiencies above 60% and a mean diameter below 300nm. UT-PCL nanoparticles presented higher entrapment efficiency and mean particle size as well as a slow release rate. The UT-PLGA nanoparticles showed higher drug loading. Two prostate cancer cell-lines, LNCaP and DU145 that were derived from metastatic sites, served as model systems to assess cytotoxicity and anti-cancer activity. In vitro, both formulations reduced the viability of DU145 and LNCaP cells. Yet, the UT-PLGA nanoparticles showed higher cytotoxicity towards DU145 cells while the UTPCL against LNCaP cells. The results confirm that the incorporation of UT into nanoparticles could enhance its anti-cancer activities that can offer a viable alternative for the treatment of prostrate canner and highlights the potential of nanostructured systems to provide a promising methodology to enhance the activity of natural extracts.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202020190336 1203 descargas

In Silico studies of novel Sildenafil self-emulsifying drug delivery system absorption improvement for pulmonary arterial hypertension
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ABRAHIM-VIEIRA, BARBÁRA A.

; SOUZA, ALESSANDRA M.T. DE

; BARROS, RITA C.

; CARMO, FLÁVIA A. DO

; ABREU, LETÍCIA C.L. DE

; MOREIRA, RONYSON S.S.

; HONÓRIO, THIAGO S.

; RODRIGUES, CARLOS R.

; SOUSA, VALERIA P. DE

; CABRAL, LUCIO M.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2020, Volumen 92 Nº 2 elocation e20191445

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Sildenafil is a potent selective inhibitor of phosphosdiesterase-5 previously used in erectile dysfunction and subsequently approved in 2005 for pulmonary arterial hypertension treatment. Since oral administration of sildenafil shows pharmacokinetic problems with mean absolute bioavailability of 41%, the goal of this work was to develop a novel sildenafil self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) for oral absorption improvement and management of dosage. One pharmaceutical solution and four SEDDS containing sildenafil were successfully obtained and SEDDS formed O/W nanoemulsion with droplet size less than 300 nm. The stability studies evidenced that the SEDDS containing 3.3% w/w of sildenafil yielded the best results. The safety of 2-pyrrolidone/isobutanol in oral formulations was assessed in mice and no lethality was achieved in the placebo groups with LD50 of 490 mg/Kg for SEDDS II-3.3, suggesting it as a safe excipient for humans. Therewithal, in silico studies using PBPK models provided the pharmacokinetic profile of sildenafil SEDDS. Subsequently, in silico evaluation indicated that the sildenafil SEDDS droplet size influenced its bioavailability, enhancing absorption, assuring a good pharmacokinetic profile. These findings suggest that the formulations developed here presented the potential to enhance drug oral absorption with the possibility to control drug dosage as they are liquid pharmaceutical formulations.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202020191445 1063 descargas

Suspected adverse drug reactions reported for Brazilian children: cross-sectional study,
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Lima, Elisangela da Costa

; Matos, Guacira Corrêa de

; Vieira, Jean M. de L.

; Gonçalves, Ivana C. da C.R.

; Cabral, Lucio M.

; Turner, Mark A.

Jornal de Pediatria

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Dic 2019, Volumen 95 Nº 6 Paginas 682 - 688

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar relatos espontâneos de suspeitas de Reação Adversa a Medicamento (RAM) em crianças de 0 a 12 anos notificadas pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária entre 2008 e 2013. Métodos: Um estudo transversal a partir de notificações de suspeitas de RAM relacionadas a medicamentos e produtos para a saúde em crianças foi realizado por um período de seis anos (2008-2013). O ano da notificação, a origem do relato por estado brasileiro, sexo, idade, o medicamento suspeito, a descrição da reação adversa e a gravidade foram incluídos na análise, bem como o número de leitos nos serviços de saúde e dados global da VigiBase. Resultados: Um total de 3330 reações adversas foram relatadas em crianças no Brasil no período investigado (54% em meninos). Cerca de 28% dos relatos de suspeitas de RAM envolveram crianças de 0 a 1 ano de idade. Quase 40% dos relatos vieram da região Sudeste. Aproximadamente 60% foram classificados como eventos graves. Houve ocorrência de morte em 75 casos. Quase 30% das mortes envolveram o uso off-label dos medicamentos. Um total de 3875 medicamentos (465 substâncias ativas) foram considerados fármacos suspeitos. Medicamentos anti-infecciosos (vancomicina, ceftriaxona, oxacilina e anfotericina), com ação no sistema nervoso (dipirona) e no trato digestivo foram os mais frequentemente notificados. Conclusões: As notificações de suspeitas de RAM por sexo e faixa etária corresponderam ao perfil de crianças hospitalizadas no Brasil. Os dados sobre gravidade e medicamentos relatados podem ser úteis para encorajar ações reguladoras e melhorar o uso seguro de medicamentos em crianças.

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess spontaneous reports of suspected adverse drug reactions in children aged 0-12 years from the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency between 2008 and 2013. Methods: A cross-sectional study on suspected adverse drug reactions reports related to medicines and health products in children was carried out for a six-year period (2008-2013). Year of report, origin of report by Brazilian state, gender, age, suspected drug, adverse reaction description and seriousness were included in the analysis. The data obtained was compared to the number of pediatric beds in health services and to global data from the VigiBase (World Health Organization). Results: A total of 3330 adverse drug reactions were reported in children in Brazil in the investigated period (54% were in boys). About 28% of suspected adverse drug reactions reports involved 0 to 1-year-old children. Almost 40% of reports came from the Southeast region. Approximately 60% were classified as serious events. There was death in 75 cases. Nearly 30% of deaths involved off-label use; 3875 medicines (465 active substances) were considered suspected drugs. Anti-infective (vancomycin, ceftriaxone, oxacillin, and amphotericin), nervous system (metamizole) and alimentary tract and metabolism medicines were more frequent in reports. Conclusions: The distribution of suspected adverse drug reactions reports by sex and age group corresponded to the profile of children hospitalized in Brazil. Data about seriousness and medicines reported may be useful to encourage regulatory actions and improve the safe use of medicines in children.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2018.05.019 1437 descargas

PHASE BEHAVIOR DATA AND THERMODYNAMIC MODELING OF THE BINARY SYSTEM {CO2 + COUMARIN} AT HIGH PRESSURES
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Lima, Jessica C.

; Jaski, Jonas M.

; Cabral, Vladimir F.

; Rossi, Carla C. R S.

; Freitas, Lisiane dos S.

; Cardozo-Filho, Lúcio

Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering

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Jun 2019, Volumen 36 Nº 2 Paginas 1053 - 1059

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract In this work, vapor - liquid (VLE) equilibrium for the binary system carbon dioxide (1) + coumarin (2) at high pressures was measured by a static synthetic method using a variable-volume view cell. Experimental data were obtained in the temperature range of 318 - 338 K and pressures up to 20 MPa. Coumarin molar fraction ranged from 3.0x10-3 to 6.0x10-3. Coumarin melting point reduction at high pressures was observed. The experimental results were modeled using the Peng-Robinson (PR) equation of state with van der Waals quadratic mixing rules (vdW - QMRs), providing a good representation of the experimental phase equilibrium data. Critical properties and the acentric factor were estimated using the Constantinou and Gani method, which showed to be satisfactory on the quality of data correlation. Results indicate coumarin solubility increases with increasing phase transition pressure at a given temperature.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-6632.20190362s20180347 569 descargas

Development and validation of a quantification method for α-humulene and trans-caryophyllene in Cordia verbenacea by high performance liquid chromatography
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Gomes, Márcio Vinícius da Silva

; Silva, J.D. da

; Ribeiro, Ana Ferreira

; Cabral, Lúcio M.

; de Sousa, V.P.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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Abr 2019, Volumen 29 Nº 2 Paginas 182 - 190

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Acheflan® herbal medicine is the first medicine developed and produced in Brazil using Cordia verbenacea DC., Boraginaceae, essential oil as a constituent. C. verbenacea has anti-inflammatory properties, which have been directly related to α-humulene and trans-caryophyllene. Currently, the quantification of α-humulene and trans-caryophyllene in C. verbenacea has only been described by GC-MS. Although this technique is widely used it cannot be directly applied to finished medicinal products since they contain aqueous constituents. In this context, the objective of this work was to develop a methodology for quantifying C. verbenacea in raw materials and in pharmaceutical formulations using liquid chromatography. The Box–Behnken experimental design was used successfully to optimize the analytical method. The method developed in this study was validated and proven to be effective in the proper separation of α-humulene and trans-caryophyllene. In addition, the developed method was applied to commercial formulations (cream and aerosol) containing C. verbenacea essential oil, which resulted in very satisfactory separation without interference from excipients. C. verbenacea oil contains four times higher concentrations of trans-caryophyllene than α-humulene. Therefore, we propose that trans-caryophyllene can be used as a marker of C. verbenacea essential oil. Evaluation of trans-caryophyllene content would be especially valuable for applications where the concentrations are very low such as in permeation and release studies of dermatological formulations.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2019.01.009 951 descargas

10.

Physicochemical quality profiles of commercial oral tablets and capsules containing lutein – impact of insufficient specific sanitary regulations
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ANSELMO, CARINA DE S.

; MENDES, THAMARA C.

; CABRAL, LUCIO M.

; SOUSA, VALÉRIA P. DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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Sep 2018, Volumen 90 Nº 3 Paginas 3063 - 3073

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Dietary supplements in many countries such as the USA do not require registration prior to commercialization. The Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA) registers substances with functional properties as foods. Lutein is a carotenoid with antioxidant activity available on the market. However, no regulatory mandates exist to govern the design of quality control tests, which are necessary to ensure formulation effectiveness. Therefore, in the present study, tablet and dosage formulations from different manufacturers were tested following general methods outlined in the Brazilian and American Pharmacopeias. The averageweight, disintegration, content and dose uniformity assays were performed for all tablets and capsules, whereas hardness assays were only performed on tablets. None of the 10 formulations studied were found to be of satisfactory quality. Of all tablets tested, two had no-significant available lutein content, which may indicate adulteration. The capsules displayed adequate amounts of lutein, however had alarmingly negative disintegration and dissolution test results, which may contribute to non-bioavailability of lutein. All formulations analyzed are currently being marketed in the Brazilian and American markets. The low physicochemical performance in these formulations can be explained by the lack of specific regulations, which are necessary to ensure the quality of lutein-containing products on the market.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201820170972 1436 descargas

11.

Preparação de argila modificada com cloreto de cetilpiridíneo e avaliação da interação desta com o PVC
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Resende, Daniel K.

; Dornelas, Camila B.

; Tavares, Maria I. B.

; Gomes, Ailton S.

; Moreira, Leonardo. A.

; Cabral, Lúcio M.

; Simeoni, Luiz. A.

Polímeros

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- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

Sep 2010, Volumen 20 Nº 3 Paginas 231 - 235

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Foi preparada uma argila modificada com cloreto de cetilpiridíneo a partir da argila sódica por troca de cátions em solução. Foi avaliada a quantidade de agente de modificação em relação à argila sódica e o tempo reacional. Os materiais obtidos foram caracterizados por difração de raio X (XRD), análise termogravimétrica (TGA) e ressonância magnética nuclear (RMN) de baixo campo. Após a caracterização foi confirmada a modificação da argila e, também, foi verificado que o produto obtido pode ser empregado na preparação de nanocompósitos de PVC, considerando que o início da degradação do material preparado ocorreu em temperatura superior às comumente utilizadas no processamento do polímero. A adição da argila modificada apresentou uma dispersão adequada no PVC e manteve o início da degradação do material em temperatura compatível com o processamento do polímero, gerando um nanocompósito com parte esfoliada e intercalada.

A modified silicate with cetylpyridinium was prepared from sodium clay with cation exchange in solution. The amount of modification agent for clay and the reaction time were evaluated. The materials produced were characterized using X ray diffraction (XRD), termogravimetric analysis (TGA) and low field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The formation of new organic clay was confirmed, which was introduced in PVC for the formation of nanocomposites. The beginning of degradation of the new clay occurred at temperatures higher than commonly used in the processing of PVC. The nanocomposites were partially exfoliated and partially intercalated.

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12.

Estudo do processo de intercalação via solução PVP-bentonita: a avaliação da influência do tempo reacional, da proporção de polímero-argila e da massa molar média
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Dornelas, Camila B.

; Grillo, Luciano A. M.

; B. Junior, Irinaldo D.

; Nascimento, Ticiano G. do

; Resende, Daniel K.

; Tavares, Maria I. B.

; Gomes, Ailton de S.

; M. Junior, Arídio

; Cabral, Lúcio M.

Polímeros

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2010, Volumen 20 Nº 4 Paginas 275 - 279

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Foram produzidas reações, via solução, PVP-bentonita (natural e organicamente modificada) nas quais foi estudada a influência das variáveis: tempo reacional (15, 30, 45 minutos, 1, 24, 48, 72 horas), proporção polímero-argila (2:1, 1:1, 1:2) e massa molar média (PVP K-30, PVP K-90). Com o auxílio de técnicas de difração de raios X (XRD), infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FTIR) e análise termogravimétrica (TGA) foi possível não somente elucidar a formação de nanocompósitos intercalados como também o seu processo reacional.

In this paper were produced reactions by solution PVP-bentonite, natural and modified, where we studied the influence of reaction time (15, 30, 45 minutes, 1, 24, 48, 72 hours), polymer-clay ratio (2:1, 1:1, 1:2) and molar mass (PVP K-30, PVP K-90). Techniques such as XRD, FTIR and TGA were used to explain the formation of intercalated nanocomposites and their reaction process.

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13.

Avaliação de derivados poliméricos intercalados em montmorilonita organofílica na preparação de novos materiais de uso farmacêutico
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Dornelas, Camila B.

; Resende, Daniel K.

; Rocha, Helvecio V. A.

; Gomes, Ailton S.

; Tavares, Maria Inês B.

; Coutinho, Sandra S. S.

; Cabral, Lucio M.

Polímeros

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Sep 2008, Volumen 18 Nº 3 Paginas 222 - 229

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A nanotecnologia está relacionada às estruturas, propriedades e processos envolvendo materiais com dimensões numa escala nanométrica. O conceito de nanotecnologia em aplicações farmacêuticas, mais especificamente na liberação de fármacos, está baseado na produção de nanopartículas que contêm moléculas do fármaco a serem depositadas exclusivamente no órgão ou tecido alvo com a vantagem de serem inativas. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho busca estudar a utilização de uma organoargila, previamente modificada com octadecilamina, viscogel B8, como matriz de liberação controlada de fármacos por meio da reação de intercalação desta argila com PEG 6000 e MEG, comparando-se os resultados obtidos com um derivado previamente obtido da intercalação desta argila com PVP K-30. Estes materiais têm como diferencial a reunião de diferentes aspectos de funcionalidade, possibilitando se obter excipientes de liberação modificada de propriedades mistas.

Nanotechnology is related to structures, properties and processes involving materials in a nanometer dimension. This is widely used for pharmaceutical applications, more specifically in drugs' release. In this context, the present work studies the use of organophilic montmorillonite (OMMT), viscogel B8, as matrix of controlled release of drugs. New polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites (PLN) of MEG, PEG 6000 and OMMT were prepared and compared with PVP K-30-OMMT.

3621 descargas

14.

Preparação e avaliação reacional de nanocompósitos de PVP K-30 - montmorilonita (natural e organicamente modificada) por difração de raios X
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Dornelas, Camila B.

; Resende, Daniel K.

; Tavares, Maria Inês B.

; Gomes, Ailton S.

; Cabral, Lúcio M.

Polímeros

Métricas del periódico
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

Jun 2008, Volumen 18 Nº 2 Paginas 187 - 192

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Em estudo anterior foi utilizado o conceito de nanocompósito para aplicações farmacêuticas, mais especificamente na liberação controlada de fármacos. Um nanocompósito polímero (PVP K-30) - silicato lamelar (argila organofílica, OMMT) foi preparado por solução, em diclorometano, e a sua avaliação como excipiente farmacêutico foi realizada com sucesso. Neste trabalho, um estudo do tempo reacional foi realizado (12, 48 e 72 horas), tendo sido observado, através de difração de raios X (DRX), um valor de espaçamento interlamelar máximo em 12 horas. Este resultado motivou um estudo mais detalhado a respeito deste processo de intercalação. Para tal, e em razão da solubilidade da PVP, foi avaliado, também, um sistema mais simples, com a argila sódica (MMT), não tratada, em água. Em ambos os sistemas, PVP-OMMT e PVP-MMT, foi realizada uma varredura de tempos reacionais (de 15 minutos a 72 horas), nas proporções de 2:1, 1:1 e 1:2, para caracterização por DRX. As análises sugerem a formação dos nanocompósitos em até 1 hora de reação, resultado atribuído à estrutura amídica da PVP, capaz de estabilizar as lamelas negativamente carregadas da argila.

In a previous study the concept of nanocomposite for pharmaceutical applications, more specifically in drugs' release, was used. A polymer-layered silicate nanocomposite (PLN) of PVP K-30 - organophilic MMT (OMMT) at a 2:1 ratio was produced in dichloromethane solution and successfully evaluated as a pharmaceutical adjuvant. In this study the influence of reaction time was investigated. XRD data indicates that maximum interlamellar distances were achieved after 12 hours. These results lead us to carry out a more detailed study in order to follow the intercalation process. The influence of several increasing reaction times (15 minutes to 72 hours) on the interplanar distances of PVP-OMMT (in dichloromethane solution) and PVP-MMT (in aqueous solution) at 2:1, 1:1 and 1:2 ratios was investigated with XRD. The data obtained showed that new PLN were obtained at short time reaction times (up to 1 hour), which was attributed to amide structure of the polymer (PVP), capable of establishing links with the anionic clay lamellae.

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