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Abstract Background: A high incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) has been reported in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in critical care units and those undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). The introduction of dexamethasone (DXM) as treatment for severe COVID-19 has improved mortality, but its effects in other organs remain under study. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between DXM and AKI in COVID-19. Methods: In this prospective observational cohort study, we evaluated the incidence of AKI in critically ill COVID-19 patients undergoing mechanical ventilation, and the association of DXM treatment with the incidence, severity, and outcomes of AKI. The association between DXM treatment and AKI was evaluated by multivariable logistic regression. The association of the combination of DXM treatment and AKI on mortality was evaluated by Cox-regression analysis. Results: We included 552 patients. AKI was diagnosed in 311 (56%), of which 196 (63%) corresponded to severe (stage 2 or 3) AKI, and 46 (14.8%) received kidney replacement therapy. Two hundred and sixty-seven (48%) patients were treated with DXM. This treatment was associated to lower incidence of AKI (Odds Radio 0.34, 95% Confidence intervals [CI] 0.22-0.52, p < 0.001) after adjusting for age, body mass index, laboratory parameters, SOFA score, and vasopressor use. DXM treatment significantly reduced mortality in patients with severe AKI (HR 0.63, 95%CI 0.41-0.96, p = 0.032). Conclusions: The incidence of AKI is high in COVID-19 patients under IMV. DXM treatment is associated with a lower incidence of AKI and a lower mortality in the group with severe AKI.

https://doi.org/10.24875/ric.23000034

Cross-cultural invariance of the Spanish version of the COVID-19 Assessment Scorecard to measure the perception of government actions against COVID-19 in Latin America
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Caycho-Rodríguez, Tomás

; Valencia, Pablo D.

; Ventura-León, José

; Carbajal-León, Carlos

; Vilca, Lindsey W.

; Reyes-Bossio, Mario

; Delgado-Campusano, Mariel

; Yupanqui-Lorenzo, Daniel E.

; Paredes-Angeles, Rubí

; Rojas-Jara, Claudio

; Gallegos, Miguel

; Cervigni, Mauricio

; Martino, Pablo

; Polanco-Carrasco, Roberto

; Palacios, Diego Alejandro

; Moreta-Herrera, Rodrigo

; Samaniego-Pinho, Antonio

; Rivera, Marlon Elías Lobos

; Figares, Andrés Buschiazzo

; Puerta-Cortés, Diana Ximena

; Corrales-Reyes, Ibraín Enrique

; Calderón, Raymundo

; Gallegos, Walter L. Arias

; Petzold, Olimpia

; Camargo, Andrés

; Torales, Julio

; Blanco, J. Arkangel Monge

; González, Pedronel

; Smith-Castro, Vanessa

; Rivera, Wendy Yamilet Matute

; Ferrufino-Borja, Daniela

; Ceballos-Vásquez, Paula

; Muñoz-del-Carpio-Toia, Agueda

; Palacios, Jorge

; Burgos-Videla, Carmen

; León, Ana María Eduviges Florez

; Vergara, Ibeth

; Vega, Diego

; Barria-Asenjo, Nicol A.

; Schulmeyer, Marion K.

; Rios, Hassell Tatiana Urrutia

; Lira, Arelly Esther Lira

Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica

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2023, Volumen 36 elocation 34

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objectives The present study aimed to evaluate the measurement invariance of a general measure of the perception of governmental responses to COVID-|19 (COVID-SCORE-10) in the general population of 13 Latin American countries. Methods A total of 5780 individuals from 13 Latin American and Caribbean countries selected by non-probabilistic snowball sampling participated. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed and the alignment method was used to evaluate invariance. Additionally, a graded response model was used for the assessment of item characteristics. Results The results indicate that there is approximate measurement invariance of the COVID-SCORE-10 among the participating countries. Furthermore, IRT results suggest that the COVID-SCORE-10 measures with good psychometric ability a broad spectrum of the construct assessed, especially around average levels. Comparison of COVID-SCORE-10 scores indicated that participants from Cuba, Uruguay and El Salvador had the most positive perceptions of government actions to address the pandemic. Thus, the underlying construct of perception of government actions was equivalent in all countries. Conclusion The results show the importance of initially establishing the fundamental measurement properties and MI before inferring the cross-cultural universality of the construct to be measured.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s41155-023-00277-9

Risk factors for health care-associated infections by ESBL-producing germs in an intensive care unit of a public hospital in Bogotá D.C., Colombia
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Camargo-Mendoza, Juan Pablo

; Ariza-Rodríguez, Daniel Efrén

Revista de la Facultad de Medicina

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Dic 2022, Volumen 70 Nº 4 elocation e200

Resumen: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Introduction: Extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) produced by gram-negative bacteria have been associated with increased hospital morbidity and mortality, longer hospital stays, use of carbapenems, and higher health care costs. Few studies have assessed the risk factors for infection by ESBL-producing germs in intensive care units (ICU). Objective: To determine the risk factors for healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) by ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli in an ICU of a public tertiary care hospital and to assess the impact of this type of infection on mortality. Materials and methods: A case-control study with a 1:2 ratio (97 cases and 194 controls) was conducted in critically ill patients admitted to the ICU of a public tertiary care hospital in Bogotá D.C. (Colombia) between January 2016 and December 2019, and in which a HAI by ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae or E. coli (cases: n=97) or K. pneumoniae or E. coli with a normal antibiotic resistance pattern (controls: n=194) was documented. Bivariate analyses were performed using the chi-squared and the Mann-Whitney U tests. A logistic regression model was used in the multivariate analysis, and a two-tailed test was performed with the p-values obtained in the bivariate analyses. Results: ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae and E. coli isolates were identified in 57 (58.76%) and 40 (41.24%) patients, respectively. These isolates were obtained mainly from urine samples (30,92%), followed by peritoneal fluid (27.80%). In the multivariate analysis, the presence of urinary tract infection on admission to the ICU was identified as a risk factor (OR=5.63, 95%CI: 1.918-16.53;; p=0.002). The mortality rate was 28.17% (26.29% in the controls and 31.95% in the cases), but no significant difference was observed between groups (p=0.311). Conclusion: Urinary tract infection on admission to the ICU was a risk factor for HAIs by ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae or E. coli. Furthermore, no significant difference was observed between cases and controls in terms of mortality.

Resumen Introducción. Las betalactamasas de espectro extendido (BLEE) producidas por gérmenes gram negativos se han asociado con aumento de la morbilidad y mortalidad hospitalaria, mayor estancia hospitalaria, uso de carbapenémicos y mayores costos de atención en salud. Existen pocos trabajos que evalúen los factores de riesgo para infección por gérmenes productores de BLEE en unidades de cuidado intensivo (UCI). Objetivo. Determinar los factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de infecciones asociadas a la atención en salud (IAAS) por Klebsiella pneumoniae y Escherichia coli productoras de BLEE en una UCI de un hospital público de tercer nivel de atención y evaluar el impacto de este tipo de infección en la mortalidad. Materiales y métodos. Estudio de casos y controles con relación 1:2 realizado en pacientes críticamente enfermos admitidos entre enero de 2016 y diciembre de 2019 a la UCI de un hospital público de tercer nivel de Bogotá D.C., Colombia, y en los que se documentó una IAAS por K. pneumoniae o E. coli productoras de BLEE (casos; n=97) y por K. pneumoniae o E. coli con fenotipo de resistencia natural (controles; n=194). Se realizaron análisis bivariados mediante las pruebas de chi-cuadrado y U de Mann-Whitney. En el análisis multivariado se usó un modelo de regresión logística, con una prueba de dos colas con los valores p obtenidos en los análisis bivariados. Resultados. Se identificaron aislamientos de K. pneumoniae y de E. coli productoras de BLEE en 57 (58,76%) y 40 (41,24%) de los casos, respectivamente y estos aislamientos se obtuvieron principalmente de muestras de orina (30.92%), seguido de líquido peritoneal (27.83%). En el análisis multivariado, la presencia de infección de vías urinarias al ingreso a UCI fue identificada como factor de riesgo (OR=5.63, IC95%:1.918-16.527; p=0,002). La tasa de mortalidad fue del 28.17% (26.29% en los controles y 31.95% en los casos), pero no se observó una diferencia significativa entre grupos (p=0.311). Conclusión. La infección de vías urinarias al ingreso a la UCI fue un factor de riesgo para la IAAS por K. pneumoniae o E. coli productoras de BLEE. Además, no se observó una diferencia significativa entre los casos y controles en términos de mortalidad.

https://doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v70n4.92755

Transgenerational memory of drought stress and low rates of glyphosate reduce the sensitivity of Eragrostis plana to the herbicide
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Fipke, Marcus V.

; Balbinot, Andrisa

; Viana, Vívian E.

; Gehrke, Vinicios R.

; Kemmerich, Magali

; Dayan, Franck E.

; Souza, Gustavo M.

; Camargo, Edinalvo R.

; Avila, Luis A.

Advances in Weed Science

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2022, Volumen 40 elocation e020220039

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background Eragrostis plana is the main invasive plant in the Pampa Biome of southern Brazil. This plant is highly competitive, tolerant to abiotic stresses, and very difficult to manage. Plants exposed to abiotic stresses and herbicides develop mechanisms that help alleviate or reduce damage caused by stressors and transmit this ability to the progenies. Objective The study’s objectives were to ascertain whether acclimatization to stress due to drought and sub-lethal doses of glyphosate may decrease plant sensitivity to glyphosate and investigate the possible memory mechanisms involved in this process. Methods A population of E. plana was submitted to drought, glyphosate, or a combination of drought plus glyphosate for two generations. The progenies were analyzed for sensitivity to the herbicide glyphosate and for biochemical, metabolites, and molecular responses. Results When testing sensitivity to glyphosate in the G 2 generations, the DRYxGLY (plants stressed with drought plus glyphosate) was the least sensitive (ED50 443.0 g a.e. ha-1), while CHK (without stresses) was the most sensitive (ED50 278.0 g a.e. ha-1). Evaluating the effects of glyphosate, the CHK population showed a greater accumulation of oxidative damage and shikimic acid. While DRYxGLY had greater antioxidant activity and higher expressions of the EPSPS and ABC-carrier MRP10 genes. Conclusions Recurrent selection with drought stress and sub-lethal rate of glyphosate (DRYxGLY) showed reduced sensitivity to glyphosate in the second generation ( G 2 ). The conjunction of factors, including the upregulation of EPSPS and the ABC MRP10 transporter, antioxidant enzymes seem to decrease the sensitivity of the DRYxGLY population to glyphosate.

https://doi.org/10.51694/advweedsci/2022;40:00016

Relationship between vitamin D and physical activity: systematic review and meta-analysis
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Mori, B.

; Barcellos, J. F. M.

; Lima, L. E. R.

; Zaranza, V.

; Autran, R. G.

; Camargo, E. B.

; Souza, C. S. M.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2022, Volumen 82 elocation e263882

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A vitamina D desempenha um papel importante na função imunológica e na inflamação e a atividade física demonstra relação próxima à síntese de vitamina D, sendo necessária a fatores imunológicos, ambientais e físicos. Pesquisamos cinco bancos de dados até 20 de fevereiro de 2021. Dois revisores examinaram os estudos, coletaram dados, avaliaram o risco de viés e classificaram as evidências para cada resultado nos estudos, de forma independente e em duplicata. Os endpoints de interesse pré-especificados foram aptidão cardiorrespiratória; Exposição à luz solar; Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC). Incluímos apenas dados de artigos revisados por pares em nossas análises primárias. Em nossa análise primária, houve uma tendência positiva entre 25(OH)D sérico <20 ng/ml e índice de massa corporal., esse resultado deve ser interpretado com cautela, considerando os intervalos de confiança (RR 1,10 IC 95% 0,37 a 1,83. Identificamos 4 evidências de alta qualidade de que níveis de vitamina D e atividade física alta exigiam uma relação direta considerando (quatro ensaios com 2.253) ; RR 0 . (RR 0,0; IC 95% -0,15 a 0,15) (RR 0,59; IC 95% 0,43 a 0,75. Embora as evidências disponíveis até agora, de estudos observacionais de qualidade média, possam ser vistas como uma tendência de associação entre níveis séricos suficientes de 25(OH)D e atividade física, essa relação foi demonstrada. têm um efeito estimulante na síntese de vitamina D, a relação de baixo índice de massa corporal com níveis suficientes de vitamina D não é baseada em evidências sólidas. Aguardamos resultados de estudos em andamento para determinar essa eficácia.

Abstract Vitamin D plays an important role in immune function and inflammation and the physical activity demonstrate relationship near to syntheses of vitamin D, considering to necessary to factors immunologics, environmental and physical. We searched five databases through February 20, 2021. Two reviewers screened the studies, collected data, assessed the risk of bias, and ranked the evidence for each outcome across the studies, independently and in duplicate. The prespecified endpoints of interest were Cardiorespiratory Fitness; Sunlight Exposure; Body Mass Index (BMI). We only included data from peer-reviewed articles in our primary analyses. In our primary analysis, there was a positive trend between serum 25(OH)D <20 ng/ml and body mass index, this result should be interpreted with caution, considering confidence intervals (RR 1.10 95% CI 0.37 to 1.83. We identified 4 high quality evidence that vitamin D levels and high physical activity required a direct relationship considering (four trials with 2,253) ; RR 0. (RR 0.0; 95% CI -0.15 to 0.15) (RR 0.59; 95% CI 0.43 to 0.75. Although the evidence available so far, from observational studies of medium quality, can be seen as showing a trend towards an association between sufficient serum levels of 25(OH)D and physical activity, this relationship has been shown. have a stimulating effect on vitamin D synthesis, the relationship of low body mass index with sufficient vitamin D levels is not based on solid evidence. We await results from ongoing studies to determine this effectiveness.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.263882

Chemical functionalization method to obtain graphene oxide adhered to the surface of high-density pyrolytic graphite plates by acid spray coating
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Camargo-Amado, Rubén J.

; Sevilla-Abarca, Martha E.

Ingeniería y competitividad

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Dic 2021, Volumen 23 Nº 2 elocation e21110838

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen En los últimos años el óxido de grafeno ha sido motivo de estudio debido a sus propiedades electrónicas, magnéticas, térmicas y mecánicas. Este estudio presenta dos métodos diferentes de funcionalización química para la obtención óxidos de grafeno (GO) adheridos a una superficie de grafito pirolítico de alta densidad (HOPG) por spray coating ácido. Para el rociado en el primer método, se utilizaron dos ácidos fuertes (H2SO4 y HNO3). En el segundo método de rociado, se utilizaron tres ácidos fuertes (H2SO4/HNO3/HCl). Para los dos casos el intervalo de rociado fue de 2, 4 y 6 horas. Se caracterizaron las placas de HOPG mediante análisis de SEM-EDS, FTIR, XRD y espectroscopia Raman, mediante el análisis exhaustivo de estos ensayos y verificando todas las variantes, ya sea por evidencia de picos en FTIR, planos predominantes en la red cristalina y observación de bandas D y G de los grupos funcionales característicos del GO por análisis Raman permitió determinar la presencia de GO en la superficie del grafito, además el método demuestra la capacidad de funcionalización de la superficie de (HOPG) por la formación de una fina lamina de átomo de C con hibridación sp2 correspondiente a la banda 2D y al grupo funcional C=C.

Abstract In recent years, graphene oxide has been the subject of study due to its electronic, magnetic, thermal, and mechanical properties. This study presents two different methods of chemical functionalization to obtain graphene oxides (GO) adhered to a high-density pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surface by acid spray coating. For the spraying in the first method, two strong acids (H2SO4 and HNO3) were used. In the second spray method, three strong acids (H2SO4 / HNO3 / HCl) were used. For both cases, the spray interval was 2, 4 and 6 hours. The HOPG plates were characterized by SEM - EDS, FTIR, XRD and Raman spectroscopy analysis, through exhaustive analysis of these assays and verifying all variants, either by evidence of peaks in FTIR, predominant planes in the crystal lattice and observation. of bands D and G of the functional groups characteristic of GO by Raman analysis allowed to determine the presence of GO on the surface of graphite, in addition the method demonstrates the functionalization capacity of the surface of (HOPG) by the formation of a thin sheet of C atom with sp2 hybridization corresponding to band 2D and functional group C = C.

https://doi.org/10.25100/iyc.v23i2.10838 137 descargas

Conjuntivitis neonatal purulenta: no siempre es gonococo
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Porter-Almaraz, Mª Teresa

; Criado-Camargo, Susana

; Saiz-Alía, Julia

; del Rosal-Rabes, Teresa

Pediatría Atención Primaria

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Dic 2021, Volumen 23 Nº 92 Paginas e147 - e150

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Presentamos el caso de un neonato de cinco días de vida, sin antecedentes perinatales de interés, que es traído a Urgencias por conjuntivitis unilateral derecha con abundante secreción purulenta. No presenta datos de afectación sistémica. Se había administrado profilaxis ocular con pomada de clortetraciclina tras el parto. Se sospecha inicialmente de infección gonocócica por la seriedad del cuadro, y se inicia antibioterapia sistémica. Finalmente, se aisló en el cultivo conjuntival Escherichia coli.

Abstract We present the case of a 5-day-old newborn, with no relevant perinatal history attended at the Emergency Department due to right-sided conjunctivitis with abundant purulent discharge. He does not show any other systemic infection. Ocular prophylaxis with chlortetracycline eye ointment had been administered after delivery. Gonococcal infection is initially suspected due to the seriousness of the symptoms, and systemic antibiotic therapy is started. Finally, Escherichia coli was isolated in the conjunctival culture.

Biological activity and chemical composition of native fruits: a review
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Pereira, E. S.

; Raphaelli, C. O.

; Radünz, M.

; Camargo, T. M.

; Vizzotto, M.

Agrociencia Uruguay

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Feb 2021, Volumen 25 Nº nspe2 elocation e815

Resumen: Es En Pt | Texto: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Resumen: Los árboles frutales nativos de Brasil poseen un gran potencial para su uso en la industria alimentaria y la farmacéutica. La familia Myrtaceae se destaca por la diversidad de frutos autóctonos conocidos, como el arazá (Psidium cattleianum), la pitanga (Eugenia uniflora), el guabiyú (Myrcianthes pungens), la guabiroba (Campomanesia xanthocarpa) y la uvaia (Eugenia pyriformis). Estas frutas contienen sustancias de importancia nutricional y potencialmente funcional, por ejemplo, fibra dietética, vitaminas (especialmente A y C) y minerales (potasio, hierro, manganeso, magnesio, calcio, fósforo, etcétera), así como compuestos antioxidantes, como fenoles y carotenoides. El consumo de frutas ricas en compuestos bioactivos y de alta actividad antioxidante tiene potencial para prevenir enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, como cáncer, diabetes mellitus, dislipidemias, enfermedades cardiovasculares y enfermedades respiratorias crónicas. Por ejemplo, los extractos de fruta de pitanga y arazá mostraron efectos antihiperglucémicos, antidislipidémicos y antioxidantes en modelos animales con resistencia a la insulina. A su vez, arazá también mostró actividades anticancerígenas, antimicrobianas, antiinflamatorias y antienvejecimiento. La uvaia ha mostrado un efecto prometedor como agente antimicrobiano. Esta revisión tiene como objetivo recopilar información sobre los principales frutos nativos de la familia Myrtaceae, destacando su composición y las actividades biológicas para orientar nuevas investigaciones.

Abstract: Brazilian native fruit trees have great potential for their use in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Among these, the Myrtaceae family stand out for the diversity of known native fruits, as the case of “araçazeiro” or cattley guava (Psidium cattleianum), “pitangueira”, Suriname cherry or Brazilian cherry (Eugenia uniflora), “guabijuzeiro” (Myrcianthes pungens), “guabirobeira” (Campomanesia xanthocarpa) and “uvalheira” (Eugenia pyriformis). These fruits contain substances of nutritional and potentially functional importance, including dietary fiber, vitamins (especially A and C) and minerals (potassium, iron, manganese, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus), as well as antioxidant compounds, such as phenolics and carotenoids. The consumption of fruits rich in bioactive compounds and high antioxidant activity has the potential to prevent chronic non-communicable diseases such as cancer, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemias, cardiovascular diseases, and chronic respiratory diseases. For example, Suriname cherry and cattley guava fruit extracts showed anti-hyperglycemic, antidyslipidemic and antioxidant effects in animal models with insulin resistance, cattley guava also showed anticarcinogenic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anti-aging activities. “Uvaia” has a promising effect as an antimicrobial agent. In this review, summarized information on the main native fruits of the Myrtaceae is presented, highlighting their composition and biological activities in order to direct new research.

Resumo: As árvores frutíferas nativas brasileiras têm grande potencial para uso na indústria alimentícia e farmacêutica. Dentre estes, a família Myrtaceae se destaca pela diversidade de frutas nativas conhecidas, como o araçazeiro (Psidium cattleianum), a pitangueira (Eugenia uniflora), o guabijuzeiro (Myrcianthes pungens), a guabirobeira (Campomanesia xanthocarpa) e a uvalheira (Eugenia pyriformis). Essas frutas contêm substâncias de importância nutricional e potencialmente funcional, incluindo fibras alimentares, vitaminas (principalmente A e C) e minerais (potássio, ferro, manganês, magnésio, cálcio, fósforo, etc.), além de compostos antioxidantes, como fenólicos e carotenoides. O consumo de frutas ricas em compostos bioativos e de alta atividade antioxidante tem potencial para prevenir doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, como câncer, diabetes mellitus, dislipidemias, doenças cardiovasculares e doenças respiratórias crônicas. Por exemplo, os extratos de pitanga e araçá apresentaram efeitos anti-hiperglicêmicos, antidislipidêmicos e antioxidantes em modelos animais com resistência à insulina, e ainda, araçá também apresentou atividades anticarcinogênica, antimicrobiana, antiinflamatória e antienvelhecimento. Uvaia tem um efeito promissor como agente antimicrobiano. Com base no exposto, esta revisão tem como objetivo reunir informações das principais frutas nativas da família Myrtaceae, destacando sua composição e atividades biológicas para direcionar novas pesquisas.

https://doi.org/10.31285/agro.25.815

Long-term obesity is associated with depression and neuroinflammation
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Lorena, Fernanda B.

; Nascimento, Bruna P. P do

; Camargo, Esther L. R. A.

; Bernardi, Maria M.

; Fukushima, André R.

; Panizza, Julia do N.

; Nogueira, Paula de B.

; Brandão, Marllos E. S.

; Ribeiro, Miriam O.

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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2021, Volumen 65 Nº 5 Paginas 537 - 548

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective: Obesity is characterized by a state of chronic, low-intensity systemic inflammation frequently associated with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Materials and methods: Given that chronic inflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of mood disorders, we investigated if chronic obesity that was initiated early in life – lasting through adulthood – could be more harmful to memory impairment and mood fluctuations such as depression. Results: Here we show that pre-pubertal male rats (30 days old) treated with a high-fat diet (40%) for 8-months gained ~50% more weight when compared to controls, exhibited depression and anxiety-like behaviors but no memory impairment. The prefrontal cortex of the obese rats exhibited an increase in the expression of genes related to inflammatory response, such as NFKb, MMP9, CCl2, PPARb, and PPARg. There were no alterations in genes known to be related to depression. Conclusion: Long-lasting obesity with onset in prepuberal age led to depression and neuroinflammation but not to memory impairment.

https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-3997000000400 36 descargas

10.

Bioprospecting of haloalkaliphilic microorganisms isolated from a dried-out maar in the volcano “Hoya Rincón de Parangueo”
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Gómez-Acata, Elizabeth Selene

; Ayala-Gámez, Laura Mariana

; García-Covarrubias, Raúl

; Torres-Núñez, Martha Yvette

; Vargas-López, Liliana

; Hernández-Camargo, Susana

; Becerril-Rojas, Itzel Guadalupe

; León-Domínguez, Marcos

; Zurita-García, Lizbeth

; Navarro-Noya, Yendi E.

; Conde-Barajas, Eloy

; Dendooven, Luc

Nova scientia

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2021, Volumen 13 Nº 26 elocation 00006

Resumen: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: Introduction: Halophiles can be found in hypersaline environments and they can synthesize products of industrial interest. Method: In this work, 37 bacterial strains were isolated from the sediment of a dried-out maar of the “Hoya Rincón de Parangueo” (Mexico) on different culture media with 20% NaCl and pH 9, while potential industrial extracellular enzymes were determined. Results: Eight genera Salsuginibacillus, Alkalibacillus, Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Oceanobacillus, Halomonas and Nesterenkonia besides 15 distinct species belonging to Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were identified. The L371, LTA7 and SU3 isolates produced proteases, M20, L5, L7, L8, Y1, Y2, M3, M9 and RA lipases, LTA4 and SU3 amylases, while LTA7, Y2, M5, M9 and RA caseinases with enzymatic activity at pH 9. Production of siderophore was found in 17 isolates. Discussion or Conclusion: It is reported for the first experimental evidence of siderophores production by N. alba, Alkalibacillus and Oceanobacillus at 6% NaCl (w/v). Isolates RE, RG1, RG2, RH1, RA and I11 showed 2.8% to 4.1% genetic distance with Nesterenkonia species and might represent new species.

Resumen: Introducción: Los microorganismos halófilos los podemos encontrar en ambientes hipersalinos y pueden sintetizar productos de interés industrial. Método: En el presente trabajo, 37 aislados se obtuvieron del sedimento del maar desecado de la “Hoya Rincón de Parangueo” (México) en diferentes medios de cultivo que contenían 20% de NaCl y pH de 9, se determinó el potencial de producción de enzimas extracelulares de interés industrial por estos aislados. Resultados: Se identificaron ocho géneros bacterianos Salsuginibacillus, Alkalibacillus, Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Oceanobacillus, Halomonas y Nesterenkonia además de 15 especies diferentes de Actinobacteria, Firmicutes y Proteobacteria. Los aislados L371, LTA7 y SU3 produjeron proteasas, M20, L5, L7, L8, Y1, Y2, M3, M9 y RA lipasas, LTA4 y SU3 amilasas y LTA7, Y2, M5, M9 y RA cacesinasas a pH de 9. La producción de sideróforos se encontró en 17 aislados. Discusión o Conclusión: Se reporta la primera evidencia experimental de la producción de sideróforos por N. alba, Alkalibacillus and Oceanobacillu a una concentración de NaCl al 6% (p/v). Los aislados RE, RG1, RH1, RA e I11 tuvieron una distancia genética de 2.8% a 4.1% con especies de Nesterenkonia por lo que pueden representar nuevas especies.

https://doi.org/10.21640/ns.v13i26.2553 83 descargas

11.

Videojuego para la enseñanza de la realización de diseños de iluminación siguiendo el RETILAP
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Triana-Rojas, Edy Andrés

; Camargo-Mendoza, Jorge E.

TecnoLógicas

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Dic 2020, Volumen 23 Nº 49 Paginas 63 - 91

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen En este documento se plantea el diseño de un videojuego, como herramienta alternativa de aprendizaje de las metodologías para realizar diseños de iluminación. El videojuego se ha diseñado bajo la plataforma Unity y consta de cinco niveles. Los tres primeros están basados en las metodologías de diseño de iluminación interior, el cuarto hace referencia a iluminación deportiva, mientras que el quinto nivel está dedicado a iluminación de emergencia, teniendo en cuenta la normatividad contemplada en el Reglamento Técnico de Iluminación y Alumbrado Público (RETILAP). Realizar diseños de iluminación sin tener en cuenta lo contemplado en el RETILAP, acarrea consecuencias graves en la salud visual de las personas, y facilita el bajo rendimiento laboral por parte de los trabajadores en las organizaciones, como se verá más adelante. Por medio del videojuego, las personas vinculadas al gremio de la iluminación podrán conocer y aplicar la normatividad y metodologías de diseño vigente de una manera didáctica y fácil, con lo cual se busca minimizar los diseños de iluminación erróneos y mitigar sus consecuencias.

Abstract The following thesis raises the educational video game design like a learning tool about lighting design methodologies. The video game has been designed by Unity platform and it has five levels. The first three levels are based in indoor lighting design, the four level is about sports lighting, while the last level is about emergency lighting, keeping in mind the current regulation into RETILAP. To make lighting designs without keeping in mind the RETILAP, has serious visual health consequences, and facilitates the low labor performance by workers in companies, as show it in the next chapter. Through the video game, the lighting guild people will know and apply the current normativity and the lighting design methodologies in an easy and didactic work.

https://doi.org/10.22430/22565337.1611 319 descargas

12.

Clinical and microbiological characteristics of dogs in sepsis in an academic veterinary hospital in the north of Paraná
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Camargo Junior, Valdair E.

; Arias, Mônica V. Bahr

; Perugini, Marcia R.E.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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Nov 2020, Volumen 40 Nº 11 Paginas 903 - 913

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: A sepse é uma disfunção orgânica ameaçadora à vida, causada por uma resposta desregulada do hospedeiro à infecção e na medicina veterinária sua incidência exata é desconhecida. O reconhecimento precoce da sepse nos pacientes críticos é essencial para que a intervenção terapêutica seja rápida e eficaz. Assim, os objetivos do presente estudo foram aplicar os critérios de um protocolo de avaliação da sepse adaptado com base no Segundo Consenso Internacional para Sepse e Choque Séptico, ou Sepse-2, da medicina humana, em pacientes caninos com suspeita de infecção e/ou Síndrome da Resposta Inflamatória Sistêmica e/ou disfunção orgânica e identificar os agentes infecciosos bem como seu perfil de resistência a antimicrobianos no foco de infecção, na corrente sanguínea e colonizando a mucosa retal. Os pacientes foram avaliados quanto à sobrevivência e severidade da sepse. Dos 37/42 cães que se enquadraram nos critérios de sepse, seis estavam em choque séptico, 26 (70,2%) apresentaram pelo menos dois sinais de SIRS, e a sepse com disfunção orgânica foi diagnosticada em 27 (73%) cães. As principais disfunções verificadas foram diminuição do nível de consciência em 21/37 (56,8%), hiperlactatemia em 19/37 (51,4%) e hipoalbuminemia em 18/37 (48,6%). A presença de dois ou mais sinais de SIRS associados com hipotensão e hipoalbuminemia estiveram relacionadas com mais da metade dos óbitos. O foco infeccioso mais frequente foi pele e partes moles em 20/37 (54%) seguido por órgãos e cavidades em 8/37 (21,6%). A taxa de sobrevivência foi de 56,7%. Na hemocultura confirmou-se bacteremia em nove pacientes (24,3%), com predominância de microrganismos gram-positivos (Staphylococcus intermedius, Streptococcus spp.) em 66,6% dos cães e uma levedura (Candida glabrata). As bactérias mais frequentes no foco de infecção foram as gram-negativas (46,2%) principalmente Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae e Pseudomonas aeruginosa, em 19,5%, 14,6% e 12,1% respectivamente. Foi constatada colonização por bactérias gram-negativas como E. coli-ESBL (31,5%), K. pneumoniae-ESBL (15,7%) e P. aeruginosa (15,7%), sendo que a colonização de cães por bactérias ESBL foi associada ao óbito quando comparada com outros microrganismos. Foram também isolados da mucosa retal Enterococcus resistentes à vancomicina (VRE) em quatro cães. Os microrganismos gram-negativos foram os mais frequentes, tanto nas infecções quanto nas colonizações e a maioria apresentava resistência à fluorquinolonas, sulfonamidas, tetraciclinas e cefalosporinas. Com base nestas informações, conclui-se que a mortalidade em decorrência da sepse em cães foi alta, e devido à presença de bactérias multirresistentes, o uso de antimicrobianos deve ser criterioso, sugerindo-se ainda a implantação das mesmas precauções utilizadas em hospitais humanos para evitar disseminação de microrganismos multirresistentes.

ABSTRACT: Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a patient’s unregulated response to an infectious process. In veterinary medicine, the exact incidence of sepsis is unknown. Early recognition of sepsis in critically ill patients is essential for rapid and effective therapeutic intervention. The present study aimed to apply the criteria of an adapted sepsis assessment protocol based on the Second International Consensus Definition for Sepsis and Septic Shock or Sepsis-2 of human medicine, in canine patients with suspected systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and/or organ dysfunction, and to identify infectious agents as well as their antimicrobial resistance profile in the focus of infection, in the bloodstream and colonizing the rectal mucosa. Patients were evaluated for survival and severity of sepsis. Of the 37/42 dogs that met the sepsis criteria, six presented septic shock, 26 (70.2%) had at least two signs of SIRS, and sepsis with organ dysfunction was diagnosed in 27 (73%) dogs. The primary dysfunctions observed were decreased level of consciousness in 21/37 (56.8%), hyperlactatemia in 19/37 (51.4%), and hypoalbuminemia in 18/37 (48.6%). Two or more SIRS signs associated with hypotension and hypoalbuminemia were related to more than half of the deaths. The most frequent infectious focus was skin and soft tissue in 20/37 (54%), followed by organs and cavities in 8/37 (21.6%). The survival rate was 56.7%. Blood culture confirmed bacteremia in nine patients (24.3%), with a predominance of Gram-positive microorganisms (Staphylococcus intermedius, Streptococcus spp.) in 66.6% of dogs and one yeast (Candida glabrata). The most frequent bacteria in the focus of infection were gram-negative bacteria (46.2%), mainly Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in 19.5%, 14.6%, and 12.1%, respectively. We observed colonization by gram-negative bacteria such as E. coli-ESBL (31.5%), K. pneumoniae-ESBL (15.7%), and P. aeruginosa (15.7%), and the presence of ESBL bacteria was more associated with death when compared with other microorganisms. Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) were isolated from rectal mucosa in four dogs. Gram-negative microorganisms were the most frequent in both infections and colonization, and most of them were resistant to fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, and cephalosporins. Based on this information, it can be concluded that mortality due to sepsis in dogs was high. Due to the presence of multi-resistant bacteria, the use of antimicrobials should be judicious, suggesting the implementation of the same precautions used in human hospitals to prevent the spread of multi-resistant microorganisms.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6277 822 descargas

13.

Modelo computacional para reconocimiento de lenguaje de señas en un contexto colombiano
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Ortiz-Farfán, Nelson

; Camargo-Mendoza, Jorge E.

TecnoLógicas

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Ago 2020, Volumen 23 Nº 48 Paginas 191 - 226

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Este documento presenta la implementación de un software de reconocimiento de lenguaje de señas colombiano para personas sordas. Para este propósito, el Aprendizaje de Máquina será usado como base del sistema específico. Hoy en día no existe un repositorio público de imágenes o video que contenga estas señas ni la información necesaria para alcanzar esta meta, siendo uno de los principales impedimentos para iniciar la tarea. Por esta razón, se comenzó con la construcción de un repositorio. Pese a las dificultades de tiempo de los participantes, cinco personas realizaron las señas ante una cámara de video, de donde se obtuvieron las imágenes que compondrían el repositorio. Una vez hecho esto, las imágenes se usaron como datos de entrenamiento de un modelo computacional óptimo que puede predecir el significado de una nueva imagen presentada. Evaluamos el rendimiento del método utilizando medidas de clasificación y comparando diferentes modelos. La medición conocida como Accuracy fue un factor importante para medir los diferentes modelos obtenidos y así elegir el más adecuado. Los resultados muestran que es posible proporcionar nuevas herramientas a las personas sordas para mejorar la comunicación con otras personas que no conocen el lenguaje de señas. Una vez que se han elegido los mejores modelos, se prueban con nuevas imágenes, similares a las del entrenamiento, donde se puede ver que el mejor modelo logra una tasa de éxito de alrededor del 68 % de las 22 clases utilizadas en el sistema.

Abstract This document presents the implementation of a Colombian sign language recognition software for deaf people. For this purpose, Machine Learning will be used as the basis of the specific system. Today there is no public repository of images or video that contains these signs or the information necessary to achieve this goal, being one of the main obstacles to undertake the task. For this reason, the construction of a repository was started. Despite the time constraints of the participants, five people carried out the signs in front of a video camera, from which the images that would make up the repository were obtained. Once this was done, the images were used as training data for an optimal computer model that can predict the meaning of a new image presented. We evaluated the performance of the method using classification measures and comparing different models. The measurement known as Accuracy was an important factor in measuring the different models obtained and thus choosing the one most suitable. Results show that it is possible to provide new tools to deaf people to improve communication with others who do not know sign language. Once the best models have been chosen, they are tested with new images, similar to those in the training, where it can be seen that the best model achieves a success rate of around 68 % of the 22 classes used in the system.

https://doi.org/10.22430/22565337.1585 413 descargas

14.

Ruthenium(II)-mercapto Complexes with Anticancer Activity Interact with Topoisomerase IB
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Silva, Monize M. da

; Camargo, Mariana S. de

; Castelli, Silvia

; Grandis, Rone A. de

; Castellano, Eduardo E.

; Deflon, Victor M.

; Cominetti, Marcia R.

; Desideri, Alessandro

; Batista, Alzir A.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Mar 2020, Volumen 31 Nº 3 Paginas 536 - 549

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Herein we present four new ruthenium(II) complexes: [Ru(mtz)2(dppb)] (1), [Ru(mmi)2(dppb)] (2), [Ru(dmp)2(dppb)] (3), and [Ru(mpca)2(dppb)] (4), where mtz = 2-mercaptothiazoline; mmi = 2-mercapto-1-methyl-imidazole; dmp = 4,6-diamino-2-mercaptopyrimidine; mpca = 6-mercaptopyridine-3-carboxylic acid; dppb = 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane. In vitro cell culture experiments revealed cytotoxic activity for complexes 2, 3 and 4 against MCF-7 (breast, non-invasive), MDA-MB-231 (breast, invasive), A549 (lung), DU-145 (prostate) and HepG2 (liver) tumor cells, in some cases lower than the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for the reference drug (cisplatin). The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) interactions studied by viscosity measurements, gel electrophoresis and square-wave voltammetry indicated that the DNA binding affinity primarily occurs through non-covalent interactions. Only complex 2 was able to fully inhibit the DNA supercoiled relaxation mediated by human topoisomerase IB (Top IB). The analysis indicates that complex 2 inhibits the cleavage and the reconnection steps of the catalytic cycle, being both a poison and a catalytic inhibitor.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190214 651 descargas

15.

Modelo matemático para estimar curvas de intensidad, duración y frecuencia de lluvias extremas en Tunja, Colombia
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Suárez-Aguilar, Zagalo E.

; Sepúlveda-Delgado, Omaida

; Patarroyo-Mesa, Miguel

; Canaria-Camargo, Luis C.

Información tecnológica

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Feb 2020, Volumen 31 Nº 1 Paginas 193 - 206

Resumen: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: This paper proposes and solves a mathematical model to predict the behavior of precipitation in the city of Tunja. For this, pluviometric information was subjected to fitting tests to probability distribution functions, finding the Gumbel function as the optimal one. Then, by means of mathematical treatments that use this distribution and applying the multiple linear regression method, the relationship between intensity, duration and frequency of precipitation (IDF) was determined. With the established model, the IDF curves were plotted for different return periods, depending on the duration of the precipitation event. The previous procedure was applied to the data of four stations that affect the basin that crosses the city of Tunja, generating fundamental information for the decision making in the design of engineering works and in the prevention of disasters.

Resumen: Este articulo propone y resuelve un modelo matemático para predecir el comportamiento de la precipitación en la ciudad de Tunja. Para esto, la información pluviométrica se sometió a pruebas de ajuste a funciones de distribución de probabilidad, encontrando la función Gumbel como la óptima. Luego, por tratamientos matemáticos utilizando esta distribución y aplicando el método de regresión lineal múltiple, se determinó la relación entre la intensidad, la duración y la frecuencia de precipitación (IDF). Con el modelo establecido, se representaron las curvas IDF para diferentes periodos de retorno, en función de la duración del evento de precipitación. El procedimiento anterior, se aplicó a los datos de cuatro estaciones que inciden en la cuenca del río que pasa por la ciudad de Tunja, generando información fundamental para la toma de decisiones en el diseño de obras de ingeniería y en la prevención de desastres.

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