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Abstract Neuregulins (NRGs) are a family of signaling proteins that bind to receptor tyrosine kinases of the ErbB family (ErbB2 to ErbB4), which can homo- or heterodimerize depending on their structural features and cell type. Many studies have proposed that decreased NRG levels are a common characteristic of obesity. In liver and adipose tissue, the increase in NRG expression has protective effects against obesity. However, it is still unknown whether ErbBs expression is altered in this pathology. We hypothesized that high fat diet-induced obesity downregulates ErbB receptors expression in obese mice compared to normal weight mice. Males C57BL/6 mice (n=6-7 for each group) were fed for 12 weeks and divided into: (i) control diet (CD; 10%-kcal fat, 20%-kcal protein, 70%-kcal carbohydrates), and (ii) high fat diet (HFD; 60%-kcal fat, 20%-kcal protein, 20%-kcal carbohydrates). General parameters and ErbBs expression (qPCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blot) were evaluated. We observed a significant increase in final body weight (47%), adipose tissue to body weight ratio (244%) and HOMA-IR (69%), among other parameters, in obese mice. In HFD group significantly decreased ErbB2 (48%) and ErbB3 (66%) mRNA levels in liver (no change in ErbB4), and ErbB2 (43%), ErbB3 (76%) and ErbB4 (35%) in adipose tissue, compared to CD. Furthermore, ErbB2 and ErbB3 protein levels decreased significantly in HFD group compared to the CD in liver. Therefore, our results suggest that HFD-induced obesity significantly decreases ErbBs expression in liver and adipose tissue in this murine model, that may be associated with alterations in the NRG pathway in obese mice.

Resumen Las neuregulinas (NRGs) son una familia de proteínas de señalización que se unen a receptores tirosina quinasas de la familia ErbB (ErbB2 a ErbB4), que pueden homo- o heterodimerizar dependiendo de sus características estructurales y del tipo celular. Estudios han propuesto que la disminución de los niveles de NRG es una característica común de la obesidad. En el hígado y el tejido adiposo (TA), el aumento de la expresión de NRG tiene efectos protectores contra la obesidad. Sin embargo, aún se desconoce si la expresión de ErbBs está alterada en esta patología. Nuestra hipótesis es que la obesidad inducida por una dieta alta en grasas (DAG) disminuye la expresión de los ErbB en ratones obesos. Ratones machos C57BL/6 (n=6-7 para c/grupo) fueron alimentados durante 12 semanas y divididos en: (i) dieta control (DC; 10%-kcal grasa, 20%-kcal proteína, 70%-kcal carbohidratos), y (ii) DAG (60%-kcal grasa, 20%-kcal proteína, 20%-kcal carbohidratos). Se evaluaron los parámetros generales y la expresión de ErbBs (qPCR, inmunohistoquímica y Western blot). Observamos un aumento significativo del peso corporal final (47%), de la relación tejido adiposo/peso corporal (244%) y del HOMA-IR (69%), entre otros parámetros, en ratones obesos. En este grupo disminuyó significativamente los niveles de ARNm de ErbB2 (48%) y ErbB3 (66%) en el hígado (sin cambios en ErbB4), y de ErbB2 (43%), ErbB3 (76%) y ErbB4 (35%) en el TA. Además, los niveles de proteína ErbB2 y ErbB3 disminuyeron significativamente, en comparación con el grupo DC en el hígado. Nuestros resultados sugieren que la obesidad inducida por DAG disminuye significativamente la expresión de ErbBs en el hígado y el TA, que puede estar asociado con alteraciones en la vía NRG en ratones obesos.

https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-75182024000100023

Blastoma Pleuropulmonar de presentación antenatal asociado a Síndrome DICER1: diagnóstico diferencial de Malformación Pulmonar Congénita
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Catán Valenzuela, Catalina

; Vargas Innocenti, Paula

; Hachim Gutierrez, Aquiles

; Jorquera Pinto, Pablo

; Claverie Ramos, Ximena

; Carrasco Gaete, Ruby

; Flores Catalán, Álvaro

; Alarcon Arias, Pablo

; Campos Varas, José

Andes pediatrica

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Dic 2023, Volumen 94 Nº 6 Paginas 729 - 735

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen: El blastoma pleuropulmonar (BPP) es el tumor pulmonar primario maligno pediátrico más común. Se asocia a variantes patogénicas de línea germinal del gen DICER1. La presentación antenatal es infrecuente y determina un desafío en el diagnóstico diferencial de malformación pulmonar congénita (MPC). Objetivo: comunicar un caso de presentación inhabitual de BPP asociado a síndrome DICER1 y describir la dificultad en diferenciarlo de MPC. Caso Clínico: Paciente masculino con diagnóstico antenatal de lesión pulmonar izquierda hipervascularizada, con desplazamiento medias- tínico y crecimiento progresivo, interpretada como MPC. Nació de 38 semanas y progresó con deterioro ventilatorio. La Tomograña Computada (TC) con contraste mostró una extensa masa quística multilocular con contenido aéreo con efecto de masa. Se realizó lobectomía superior izquierda abierta. La histología fue compatible con BPP tipo I, con bordes negativos y estudio genético para DICER1 positivo. Siete semanas post-resección se pesquisó imagen aérea en la parte superior del tórax izquierdo, requiriendo nueva resección tumoral y segmentectomía superior, con biopsia correspondiente a recidiva de BPP tipo 1 con bordes negativos. Recibió tratamiento adyuvante con quimioterapia, con seguimiento por 2 años, manteniéndose asintomático, sin nuevas recidivas, screening negativo para otras neoplasias asociadas a DICER1. Entre los antecedentes familiares, destacaba cáncer papilar de tiroides de la madre, quien resultó positiva para la mutación. Conclusión: el BPP es un cáncer poco frecuente, siendo difícil distinguirlo de MPC, especialmente en su presentación antenatal. Conocer su asociación al Síndrome DICER1 y hacer estudio genético son claves para detectar precozmente el BPP y buscar otros tumores asociados al síndrome.

Abstract: Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is the most common pediatric malignant primary lung tumor. It’s associated with the DICER1 gene pathogenic germline variants. Antenatal presentation is infrequent and poses a challenge in the differential diagnosis of congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM). Objective: to report a case of unusual presentation of PPB associated with DICER1 syndrome and to describe the difficulty in differentiating it from CPAM. Clinical Case: Male patient with prenatal diagnosis of hypervascular left lung lesion, with mediastinal shift and progressive growth, initially interpreted as CPAM. He was born at 38 weeks, requiring transitory treatment with positive pressure due to ventilatory impairment. A CT scan with contrast showed a large multilocular cystic mass containing air causing mass effect, requiring open left upper lobectomy. Histology results were compatible with type I PPB, with negative margins, and positive genetic study for DICER1 syndrome. Seven weeks post-resection, an aerial image was detected in the upper left side of the chest, with progressive growth, requiring a new tumor resection and upper segmentectomy, with biopsy corresponding to recurrence of type I PPB with negative margins. He received adjuvant treatment with chemotherapy, with follow-up for 2 years, remaining asymptomatic, without recurrence, and with negative screening for other neoplasms associated with DICER1 syndrome. Among the family history, the mother had papillary thyroid cancer and tested positive for the mutation. Conclusion: PPB is a rare cancer, difficult to distinguish from CPAM, especially in its antenatal presentation. Nowing its association with DICER1 syndrome and performing a genetic study are key to the early detection of BPP and the search for other tumors associated with the syndrome.

https://doi.org/10.32641/andespediatr.v94i6.4663

Humeral chondrosarcoma associated with lung metastases in a young dog - case report
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Sousa, D.C.

; Rossi, Y.A.

; Magalhães, L.F.

; Reis, L.O.

; Pereira, L.F.

; Campos, G.M.D.

; Dias, F.G.G.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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Oct 2023, Volumen 75 Nº 5 Paginas 914 - 920

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Chondrosarcoma, an unusual malignant neoplasm, develops in cartilaginous tissue and presents low rate of metastasis, mainly affecting the axial skeleton from the adult to senile dogs. In the face of unusual occurrence of chondrosarcoma in the long bones of young dogs, the present report aimed to describe it in the right humerus of a two-and-a-half-year-old Siberian Husky, attended at the Veterinary Hospital of the University of Franca, with limping of the right thoracic limb, for 20 days. The radiographic examination of the humerus showed bone lysis and periosteal proliferation. In the incisional biopsy, proliferation of atypical chondrocytes with diffuse distribution, interspersed with compact bone matrix, was observed. The amputation of the limb was performed, and the fragment histopathological analysis showed grade I chondrosarcoma. Periodic returns were made for neoplastic staging, and at 240 days after surgery lung metastases were detected, however, the tutor did not authorize chemotherapy and radiotherapy for financial reasons and due to the absence of respiratory symptoms so far (410 days after surgery). Although uncommon, chondrosarcoma can affect the long bones of young dogs, with clinical signs similar to other bone neoplasms, and, even with the radical limb amputation, can demonstrate systemic metastasis.

RESUMO O condrossarcoma, neoplasia maligna incomum, desenvolve-se em tecido cartilaginoso e apresenta baixo índice de metástases, acometendo principalmente o esqueleto axial de cães adultos a senis. Diante da ocorrência incomum de condrossarcoma em ossos longos de cães jovens, o presente relato teve como objetivo descrevê-lo no úmero direito de um Husky Siberiano de dois anos e meio de idade, atendido no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade de Franca, com claudicação do membro torácico direito, há 20 dias. O exame radiográfico do úmero mostrou lise óssea e proliferação periosteal. Na biópsia incisional, observou-se proliferação de condrócitos atípicos com distribuição difusa, intercalados com matriz óssea compacta. Foi realizada a amputação do membro, e a análise histopatológica do fragmento evidenciou condrossarcoma grau I. Foram feitos retornos periódicos para estadiamento neoplásico e, aos 240 dias após a cirurgia, foram detectadas metástases pulmonares. O tutor não autorizou quimioterapia e radioterapia por motivos financeiros e por ausência de sintomas respiratórios até o momento (410 dias após a cirurgia). Apesar de incomum, o condrossarcoma pode acometer os ossos longos de cães jovens, com sinais clínicos semelhantes a outras neoplasias ósseas, e, mesmo com a amputação radical do membro, pode demonstrar metástase sistêmica.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12871

Estudo observacional dos casos de violência contra mulher notificados em um hospital fluminense em 2020
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Campos, Élida

; Pereira, Carlos Alexandre Rodrigues

Saúde em Debate

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Sep 2023, Volumen 47 Nº 138 Paginas 478 - 492

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Este estudo analisou o perfil das mulheres em situação de violência atendidas no serviço de acolhimento de um hospital na região metropolitana I do Rio de Janeiro, bem como a presença de alguns determinantes sociais que podem se relacionar à ocorrência da violência e atuar sobre as condições de acesso a estes serviços. Foram analisados os dados das notificações de violência, considerando a violência sexual e outras violências, em 2020. Casos de HIV e sífilis compuseram os grupos de comparação. Realizou-se o mapeamento e o levantamento dos perfis de mulheres. O total de residentes fora da área metropolitana I foi maior entre casos de violência sexual do que entre outras violências, HIV e sífilis. Dentre as mulheres brancas, estas foram mais frequentes entre casos de violência sexual e as negras entre as atendidas por outras violências. Os casos de violência sexual relataram maior escolaridade e frequência de emprego. A maioria das mulheres em todos os grupos analisados eram negras, enquanto a maioria das que acessaram o aborto legal eram brancas. O estudo sugere que fatores sociais e econômicos afetam o acesso ao serviço de atendimento às mulheres em situação de violência, sendo necessária uma reorganização deste para garantir o pleno acesso das mulheres.

ABSTRACT This study analyzed the profile of women in situations of violence who accessed care service of a hospital in the metropolitan region I of Rio de Janeiro, as well as the presence of some social determinants that may be related to the occurrence of violence and act on the conditions of access to these services. Data of the violence notification form were analyzed, considering cases of sexual violence and other violence, in 2020. Cases of HIV and syphilis were used as comparison groups. The mapping and survey of the profiles of women were carried out. The total number of residents outside first metropolitan area was higher among cases of sexual violence than among other violence, HIV, and syphilis. White women were more frequent among cases of sexual violence and black women among those cared for other violence. Cases of sexual violence had higher education and reported being employed more often. Most women in all groups were black, while most of those who accessed legal abortion were white. The study suggests that social and economic factors affect access to the care service for women in situations of violence, requiring its reorganization to guarantee women’s full access to health care.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-1104202313808

Estudo observacional dos casos de violência contra mulher notificados em um hospital fluminense em 2020
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Campos, Élida

; Pereira, Carlos Alexandre Rodrigues

Saúde em Debate

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Sep 2023, Volumen 47 Nº 138 Paginas 478 - 492

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-1104202313808

Caracterización de los factores biológicos de las poblaciones de elasmobranquios más comunes en Bahía Santa Elena
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Escoto-Murillo, Andrés

; Campos-Montero, Jorge

; Pereira-Chaves, José

InterSedes

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Jun 2023, Volumen 24 Nº 49 Paginas 173 - 195

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Este artículo analiza los factores biológicos de los elasmobranquios más comunes en Bahía Santa Elena, en el Área de Conservación Guanacaste en el Pacifico norte de Costa Rica. Debido a un vacío de información científica marino-costera que origina un fallo del sistema de manejo, no hay enfoque de resiliencia en las poblaciones sujeto de conservación. Se utilizó el método de muestreo mensual desde septiembre de 2015 hasta agosto de 2016. Mediante censo subacuático, uso de un trasmallo y visita en los puestos de recibo de pescado de Cuajiniquil se determinó la diversidad, abundancia relativa, distribución de las especies, aspectos biométricos, biología reproductiva y estructura de tallas de captura; también se aplicó una encuesta a 120 pescadores para conocer la percepción social en factores del desarrollo sostenible. Se trabajó con una muestra de 289 individuos que dio como resultado que los meses de mayor precipitación se relacionan con picos de los índices de diversidad, con poca distribución espacial, donde se presenta un remplazo estacional de especies, entre las que destaca el arribo de Rhinopterasteindachneri, Mobulamunkiana, durante los meses lluviosos y Mustelushenlei junto con Sphyrnalewini durante los vientos alisios. El periodo de desove principal para Myliobatiformes se ubica antes de diciembre, pero Urotrygonnana presenta un segundo periodo en julio. Se concluye que la biometría indica un mayor número de organismos juveniles para tiburones y adultos para rayas. La pesca con trasmallo de fondo se caracterizó por bajo rendimiento económico, lo que incide en la captura de juveniles de S. lewini, y este ingreso económico no se beneficia de los bienes naturales intangibles presentes en BSE que son patrimonio del Estado.

Abstract This article analyzes the biological factors of the most common elasmobranchs in Bahía Santa Elena, in the Guanacaste Conservation Area in the north Pacific of Costa Rica. Due to a lack of marine-coastal scientific information there is a system failure of management, leaving without a resilience approach to the populations subject to conservation. The monthly sampling method was used from September 2015 to August 2016, diversity, relative abundance, species distribution, biometric aspects, reproductive biology and catch size structure were determined by means of an underwater census, the use of a trammel net and a visit to the Cuajiniquil fish reception posts. A survey was applied to 120 fishermen to know the social perception regarding the factors of sustainable development. I worked with a sample of 289 individuals, among the main results, it was obtained that the months with the highest rainfall are related to peaks of the diversity indices, with little spatial distribution. A seasonal replacement of species is presented, highlightingthe arrival of Rhinopterasteindachneri, Mobulamunkiana, during the rainy months and Mustelushenlei and Sphyrnalewini during the Trade Winds. The main spawning period for Myliobatiformes is located before December, however Urotrygonnana presents a second period in July. It is concluded that biometry indicates a greater number of juvenile organisms for sharks and adults for rays, bottom gillnet fishing was characterized by low economic performance, which affects the capture of juveniles of S. lewini, this economic income does not benefit from the intangible natural assets present in BSE that are State assets.

https://doi.org/10.15517/isucr.v24i49.50627

Distribuição da COVID-19 e dos recursos de saúde na Amazônia Legal: uma análise espacial
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Rezende, Adriana Arruda Barbosa

; Silva, Reijane Pinheiro da

; Pedrosa, Nathália Lima

; Luz, Rodolfo Alves da

; Paixão, Adriano Nascimento da

; Rodrigues, Waldecy

; Silva, Mônica Aparecida da Rocha

; Campos, Augusto de Rezende

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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Ene 2023, Volumen 28 Nº 1 Paginas 131 - 141

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O método de análise espacial permite mensurar a acessibilidade espacial dos serviços de saúde para alocação dos recursos de forma eficiente e eficaz. Diante disso, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a distribuição espacial das taxas de COVID-19 e dos recursos de saúde na Amazônia Legal. Estudo ecológico realizado com casos de COVID-19 e os recursos de saúde nos 772 municípios em dois picos da pandemia. Utilizou-se o método bayesiano global e local para elaboração de mapas coropléticos, com cálculo do índice de Moran para análise da dependência espacial e utilização do Moran map para identificação dos clusters da doença. Os índices de Moran calculados para os dois períodos demonstraram autocorrelação espacial positiva dessa distribuição e dependência espacial entre os municípios nos dois períodos, sem muita diferença entre os dois estimadores. Evidenciaram-se maiores taxas da doença nos estados do Amapá, Amazonas e Roraima. Em relação aos recursos de saúde, observou-se alocação de forma ineficiente, com maior concentração nas capitais.

Abstract Spatial analysis can help measure the spatial accessibility of health services with a view to improving the allocation of health care resources. The objective of this study was to analyze the spatial distribution of COVID-19 detection rates and health care resources in Brazil’s Amazon region. We conducted an ecological study using data on COVID-19 cases and the availability of health care resources in 772 municipalities during two waves of the pandemic. Local and global Bayesian estimation were used to construct choropleth maps. Moran’s I was calculated to detect the presence of spatial dependence and Moran maps were used to identify disease clusters. In both periods, Moran’s I values indicate the presence of positive spatial autocorrelation in distributions and spatial dependence between municipalities, with only a slight difference between the two estimators. The findings also reveal that case rates were highest in the states of Amapá, Amazonas, and Roraima. The data suggest that health care resources were inefficiently allocated, with higher concentrations of ventilators and ICU beds being found in state capitals.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232023281.10782022

Distribuição da COVID-19 e dos recursos de saúde na Amazônia Legal: uma análise espacial
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Rezende, Adriana Arruda Barbosa

; Silva, Reijane Pinheiro da

; Pedrosa, Nathália Lima

; Luz, Rodolfo Alves da

; Paixão, Adriano Nascimento da

; Rodrigues, Waldecy

; Silva, Mônica Aparecida da Rocha

; Campos, Augusto de Rezende

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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Ene 2023, Volumen 28 Nº 1 Paginas 131 - 141

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232023281.10782022

Mental stress induces endothelial dysfunction by AT1R-mediated redox imbalance in overweight/obese men
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Rocha, H.N.M.

; Batista, G.M.S.

; Storch, A.S.

; Garcia, V.P.

; Teixeira, G.F.

; Mentzinger, J.

; Gomes, E.A.C.

; Campos, M.O.

; Nóbrega, A.C.L.

; Rocha, N.G.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2023, Volumen 56 elocation e12547

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The main goal of this study was to determine whether oxidative imbalance mediated by AT1 receptor (AT1R) is responsible for deleterious endothelial responses to mental stress (MS) in overweight/obese class I men. Fifteen overweight/obese men (27±7 years old; 29.8±2.6 kg/m2) participated in three randomized experimental sessions with oral administration of the AT1R blocker olmesartan (40 mg; AT1R blockade) or ascorbic acid (AA; 3g) infusion or placebo [both intravenously (0.9% NaCl) and orally]. After two hours, endothelial function was determined by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) before (baseline), 30 min (30MS), and 60 min (60MS) after a five-minute acute MS session (Stroop Color Word Test). Blood was collected before (baseline), during MS, and 60 min after MS for redox homeostasis profiling: lipid peroxidation (TBARS; thiobarbituric acid reactive species), protein carbonylation, and catalase activity by colorimetry and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity by an ELISA kit. At the placebo session, FMD significantly decreased 30MS (P=0.05). When compared to baseline, TBARS (P<0.02), protein carbonylation (P<0.01), catalase (P<0.01), and SOD (P<0.01) increased during the placebo session. During AT1R blockade, FMD increased 30 min after MS (P=0.01 vs baseline; P<0.01 vs placebo), while AA infusion increased FMD only 60 min after MS. No differences were observed during MS with the AT1R blockade and AA regarding TBARS, protein carbonylation, catalase, and SOD. AT1R-mediated redox imbalances played an important role in endothelial dysfunction to mental stress.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x2023e12547

10.

Major discrepancy between clinical diagnosis of death and anatomopathological findings in adolescents with chronic diseases during 18-years
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Ribeiro, Maira P.

; Duarte Neto, Amaro N.

; Dolhnikoff, Marisa

; Lindoso, Livia

; Lourenco, Benito

; Marques, Heloisa H.

; Pereira, Maria F.B.

; Cristofani, Lilian M.

; Odone Filho, Vicente

; Campos, Lucia M.A.

; Sallum, Adriana M.E.

; Carneiro-Sampaio, Magda

; Delgado, Artur F.

; Carvalho, Werther B.

; Mauad, Thais

; Silva, Clovis A.

Clinics

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2023, Volumen 78 elocation 100184

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objectives: To evaluate the inconsistency between clinical diagnosis of death and autopsy findings in adolescents with chronic diseases. Methods: A cross-sectional study including a sample of adolescents’ autopsies who died in a pediatric and adolescent tertiary hospital over 18 consecutive years. During this period, there were n = 2912 deaths, and n = 581/2912(20%) occurred in adolescents. Of these, n = 85/581(15%) underwent autopsies and were analyzed. Further results were divided into two groups: Goldman classes I or II (high disagreement between main clinical diagnosis of death and anatomopathological findings, n = 26) and Goldman classes III, IV or V (low or no disagreement between these two parameters, n = 59). Results: Median age at death (13.5 [10‒19] vs. 13 [10‒19] years, p = 0.495) and disease duration (22 [0‒164] vs. 20 [0‒200] months, p = 0.931), and frequencies for males (58% vs. 44%, p = 0.247) were similar between class I/II vs. class III/IV/V. The frequency of pneumonia (73% vs. 48%, p = 0.029), pulmonary abscess (12% vs. 0%, p = 0.026), as well as isolation of yeast (27% vs. 5%, p = 0.008), and virus (15% vs. 2%, p = 0.029) identified in the autopsy, were significantly higher in adolescents with Goldman class I/II compared to those with Goldman class III/IV/V. In contrast, cerebral edema was significantly lower in adolescents of the first group (4% vs. 25%, p = 0.018). Conclusion: This study showed that 30% of the adolescents with chronic diseases had major discrepancies between clinical diagnosis of death and autopsy findings. Pneumonia, pulmonary abscess, as well as isolation of yeast and virus were more frequently identified at autopsy findings in the groups with major discrepancies.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100184

11.

FIGURAÇÕES DO POETA VULGAR E CRÍTICA DO ROMANTISMO EM MACHADO DE ASSIS
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CAMPOS, RAQUEL

Machado de Assis em Linha

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2023, Volumen 16 elocation e271595

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract From the analysis of three short stories - "Aurora sem dia" (1873), "O programa" (1882) and "Vênus! Divina Vênus!" (1893) - this article discusses the representation of the vulgar poet in Machado de Assis. Through it, I try to demonstrate that the author defeated the poetic model of the "Poet without Art", building a figure of a vulgar poet as a way of problematizing what he saw as the negative effects of the triumph of Romanticism. This criticism remains associated, however, with changes in Machado's poetics; the normative and pedagogical posture, which endeavored to highlight the ideal of the good poet, gave way to a more historicized approach to that figure: from an opportunistic charlatan to be fought and denounced, he became an occasional poet, the object of a simple ironic record. Thus, Machado de Assis also abandoned the normative perspective proper to the rhetorical-poetic regime.

Resumo A partir da análise de três contos - "Aurora sem dia" (1873), "O programa" (1882) e "Vênus! Divina Vênus!" (1893) -, este artigo discute a figuração do poeta vulgar em Machado de Assis. Por meio dela, procuro demonstrar que o autor atualizou o modelo poético do "Poeta sem Arte", construindo uma figura de poeta vulgar como modo de problematizar o que via como efeitos negativos do triunfo do Romantismo. Essa crítica associou-se, no entanto, a modificações na poética machadiana; a postura normativa e pedagógica, empenhada em evidenciar o ideal do bom poeta, deu lugar progressivamente a uma abordagem mais historicizada daquela figura: de um charlatão oportunista a ser combatido e denunciado, ele passou a poeta de ocasião, objeto de simples registro irônico. Desse modo, Machado de Assis abandonava, igualmente, a perspectiva normativa própria do regime retórico-poético.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-68212023169

12.

Social Network Analysis in disaster management
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Flecha, Angela Cabral

; Bandeira, Renata Albergaria

; Campos, Vania Barcellos Gouvêa

; Silva, Alcides Volpato Castro

; Leiras, Adriana

Production

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2023, Volumen 33 elocation e20220046

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Paper aims This paper aims the use of Social Network Analysis (SNA) as an assessment tool to answer the following research questions: (i) Who are the actors in Humanitarian Operations Networks (HON)?; and (ii) Which actors exert influence on HON? Originality This paper proposes the use of SNA in a different context, bringing new technics to the field of humanitarian logistics. Research method Multiple methodological tools are used such as UCINET, Cytoscape, and EXCEL® to apply SNA in the Brazilian context of sudden-onset natural disaster-response operations. Main findings This application validates the consistency of using SNA to assess HON, besides validating the stakeholder relationship model of the Public, Private, and People sectors in disaster-response operations. Implications for theory and practice Results show strong participation of the public sector in disaster-response operations in Brazil, indicating the need for greater engagement from civil society. Besides, the proposed method can be adopted in the context of any other country. (SNA questions i (i HON (HON)? ii (ii logistics UCINET Cytoscape EXCEL suddenonset sudden onset disasterresponse disaster response Public Private Brazil society Besides country (HON) (HON

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6513.20220046

13.

Pueblos Indígenas, Naturaleza y Ecocentrismo: estándares internacionales y una mirada comparada desde Brasil
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Faundes Peñafiel, Juan Jorge

; Perrone Campos Mello, Patrícia

; Souza Batista de Azevedo Rudolf, Renata Helena

CUHSO (Temuco)

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2023, Volumen 33 Nº 2 Paginas 206 - 247

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen: Este trabajo tiene por objeto: (i) examinar el papel que las normas constitucionales que reconocen los derechos de los Pueblos indígenas y cómo también defienden la Naturaleza, y viceversa, respecto de las normas de protección de la Naturaleza y su interacción con la protección de los derechos de los Pueblos Indígenas; (ii) evaluar un posible “giro hermenéutico” en la interpretación jurídica que lleve a la superación de un paradigma antropocéntrico hacia otro ecocéntrico, con el potencial de redefinir todo el orden normativo; desde esta experiencia, contribuir al abordaje crítico de otros contextos normativos latinoamericanos que enfrenten contextos similares en la relación medioambiente y pueblos indígenas. Con esos fines, la sección 1) explica algunos conceptos y categorías operativas; las secciones 2) y 3) tratan del régimen constitucional aplicable a los Pueblos Indígenas y a la Naturaleza en Brasil; la sección 4) aborda las normas del Derecho Internacional de los derechos humanos que los regulan. La sección 5) explica la relación de protección mutua entre los Pueblos Indígenas y la Naturaleza. La sección 6) analiza los alcances del giro hermenéutico econcéntrico en el ámbito constitucional. El trabajo se sostiene esencialmente en una revisión bibliografía.

Abstract: This paper aims to: (i) examine the role of constitutional norms which recognize the rights of Indigenous Peoples as well as act in defense of Nature in Brazil, and vice versa, regarding the rules for the protection of Nature and its interaction with Indigenous Peoples’ rights; (ii) examine a possible "hermeneutic turn" in the interpretation of norms that lead to the overcoming of an anthropocentric paradigm towards an ecocentric one, with the potential to redefine the meaning of the entire normative order; (iii) based on this experience, contribute to the critical approach of other Latin American regulatory contexts that face similar challenges in the relationship between the environment and Indigenous Peoples. For these purposes, section 1) explains some concepts and operational categories; sections 2) and 3) deal with the constitutional regime applicable to Indigenous Peoples and the Nature in Brazil; section 4) addresses the norms of International Human Rights Law that regulate both issues. Section 5) explains the relationship of mutual protection between Indigenous Peoples and Nature. Section 6) analyzes the scope of the ecocentric hermeneutic turn in the constitutional sphere. The work is essentially supported by a bibliographical review.

https://doi.org/10.7770/cuhso-v33n2-art575

14.

Aplicação da Análise Fatorial para Determinação da Vulnerabilidade Hidrometeorológica para o Sub Médio São Francisco
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Ataide, Lorena Conceição Paiva de

; Silva, Madson Tavares

; Serrão, Edivaldo Afonso de Oliveira

; Dantas, Leydson Galvíncio

; Almeida, Gabio Stalin Soares

; Campos, João Hugo Baracuy da Cunha

; Silva, Vicente de Paulo Rodrigues da

; Silva, Fabrício Daniel dos Santos

Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia

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Oct 2022, Volumen 37 Nº 4 Paginas 405 - 417

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A vulnerabilidade dos recursos hídricos à curto e longo prazo está relacionada à diversos fatores como alterações no uso e cobertura da terra e mudanças climáticas. Dada a necessidade de mais informações para auxiliar na gestão da seca e no planejamento do uso da água no semiárido brasileiro, este trabalho segue duas linhas: (I) Analisar a variabilidade espaço-temporal das componentes hidroclimáticas da Bacia Hidrográfica do Submédio São Francisco; (II) Criar um índice de Vulnerabilidade Hídrica a partir da análise fatorial. Foram identificados dois fatores predominantes na bacia, solo e clima, os quais são constituídos por variáveis hidroclimaticas distribuídas espaço e temporalmente. Com o IVH, foi possível identificar as áreas que possuem o menor índice, ou seja, aquelas que são mais vulneráveis aos efeitos das mudanças climáticas, indicando que com a instabilidade no regime de chuvas deverá ocorrer menor recarga dos aquíferos, impedindo que, na época da estiagem, os reservatórios continuem a manter sua produção para o abastecimento, podendo ainda, apresentar riscos como aumento da temperatura e alterações no regime hídrico. climáticas brasileiro linhas I (I espaçotemporal temporal Francisco II (II fatorial bacia clima temporalmente IVH seja aquíferos estiagem abastecimento ainda hídrico

Abstract The vulnerability of water resources in the short and long term is related to several factors such as changes in land use and cover and climate change. Given the need for more information to assist in drought management and water use planning in the Brazilian semi-arid region, this work follows two lines: (I) To analyze the spatio-temporal variability of the hydroclimatic components of the Submédio São Francisco Watershed; (II) Create a Water Vulnerability Index from factor analysis. Two predominant factors were identified in the basin, soil and climate, which are constituted by hydroclimatic variables distributed in space and time. With the IVH, it was possible to identify the areas that have the lowest index, that is, those that are more vulnerable to the effects of climate change, indicating that with the instability in the rainfall regime, there should be less recharge of the aquifers, preventing that, at the time of the drought, the reservoirs continue to maintain their production for supply, and may also present risks such as increased temperature and changes in the water regime. change semiarid semi arid region lines I (I spatiotemporal spatio temporal Watershed II (II analysis basin IVH index regime aquifers supply

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-77863740021

15.

Consensus of the Brazilian Headache Society (SBCe) for the Prophylactic Treatment of Episodic Migraine: part I
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Melhado, Eliana Meire

; Santos, Paulo Sergio Faro

; Kaup, Alexandre Ottoni

; Costa, Aline Turbino Neves Martins da

; Roesler, Célia Aparecida de Paula

; Piovesan, Élcio Juliato

; Sarmento, Elder Machado

; Theotonio, Giselle Oliveira Martins

; Campos, Henrique Carneiro de

; Fortini, Ida

; Souza, Jano Alves de

; Maciel Júnior, Jayme Antunes

; Segundo, João Batista Alves

; Carvalho, João José Freitas de

; Speziali, José Geraldo

; Calia, Leandro Cortoni

; Barea, Liselotte Menke

; Queiroz, Luiz Paulo

; Souza, Marcio Nattan Portes

; Figueiredo, Marcos Ravi Cerqueira Ferreira

; Costa, Maria Eduarda Nobre de Magalhães

; Peres, Mário Fernando Prieto

; Jurno, Mauro Eduardo

; Peixoto, Patrícia Machado

; Kowacs, Pedro André

; Rocha-Filho, Pedro Augusto Sampaio

; Moreira Filho, Pedro Ferreira

; Silva-Neto, Raimundo Pereira

; Fragoso, Yara Dadalti

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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Ago 2022, Volumen 80 Nº 8 Paginas 845 - 861

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The Brazilian Headache Society (Sociedade Brasileira de Cefaleia, SBCe, in Portuguese) nominated a Committee of Authors with the aim of establishing a consensus with recommendations regarding prophylactic treatment for episodic migraine based on articles published in the worldwide literature, as well as personal experience. Migraine affects 1 billion people around the world and more than 30 million Brazilians. In addition, it is an underdiagnosed and undertreated disorder. It is well known within the medical community of neurologists, and especially among headache specialists, that there is a need to disseminate knowledge about prophylactic treatment for migraine. For this purpose, together with the need for drug updates and to expand knowledge of the disease itself (frequency, intensity, duration, impact and perhaps the progression of migraine), this Consensus was developed, following a full online methodology, by 12 groups who reviewed and wrote about the pharmacological categories of the drugs used and, at the end of the process, met to read and establish conclusions for this document. The drug classes studied were: anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, monoclonal anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide (anti-CGRP) antibodies, beta-blockers, antihypertensives, calcium channel inhibitors, other antidepressants (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, SSRIs, and dual-action antidepressants), other drugs, and polytherapy. Hormonal treatment and anti-inflammatories and triptans in minimum prophylaxis schemes (miniprophylaxis) will be covered in a specific chapter. The drug classes studied for part I of the Consensus were: anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, monoclonal anti-CGRP antibodies, and beta-blockers.

Resumo A Sociedade Brasileira de Cefaleia (SBCe) nomeou um Comitê de Autores com o objetivo de estabelecer um consenso com recomendações sobre o tratamento profilático da enxaqueca episódica com base em artigos da literatura mundial e da experiência pessoal. A enxaqueca é um distúrbio subdiagnosticado e subtratado que acomete um bilhão de pessoas no mundo e mais de 30 milhões de brasileiros. É conhecido na comunidade médica de neurologistas e, sobretudo, dos especialistas em cefaleia, a necessidade de se divulgar o conhecimento sobre o tratamento profilático da enxaqueca. Com esta finalidade, aliada às necessidades de atualizações de drogas e de se aumentar o conhecimento sobre a doença em si (frequência, intensidade, duração, impacto e talvez a progressão da enxaqueca), foi elaborado este Consenso, com metodologia totalmente on-line, por 12 grupos que revisaram e escreveram sobre as categorias farmacológicas das drogas e, ao final, reuniram-se para a leitura e conclusão do documento. As classes de drogas estudadas para este Consenso foram: anticonvulsivantes, antidepressivos tricíclicos, anticorpos monoclonais do antipeptídeo relacionado ao gene da calcitonina (peptídeo relacionado ao gene da calcitonina — anti-CGRP), betabloqueadores, anti-hipertensivos, inibidores dos canais de cálcio, outros antidepressivos (inibidores seletivos de recaptação de serotonina, ISRSs, e antidepressivos de ação dual), outras drogas, e politerapia. O tratamento hormonal, bem como anti-inflamatórios e triptanas em esquema de profilaxia mínima (miniprofilaxia), será abordado em um capítulo próprio. As classes de drogas estudadas na parte I do Consenso foram: anticonvulsivantes, antidepressivos tricíclicos, anticorpos monoclonais anti-CGRP, e betabloqueadores.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1756441

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