SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between P-wave indexes, echocardiographic parameters, and CHA2DS2-VASc score in patients without atrial fibrillation and valvular disease. METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study included patients of a tertiary hospital with no history of atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, or valve disease and collected data from June 2021 to May 2022. The exclusion criteria were as follows: unavailable medical records, pacemaker carriers, absence of echocardiogram report, or uninterpretable ECG. Clinical, electrocardiographic [i.e., P-wave duration, amplitude, dispersion, variability, maximum, minimum, and P-wave voltage in lead I, Morris index, PR interval, P/PR ratio, and P-wave peak time], and echocardiographic data [i.e., left atrium and left ventricle size, left ventricle ejection fraction, left ventricle mass, and left ventricle indexed mass] from 272 patients were analyzed. RESULTS: PR interval (RHO=0.13, p=0.032), left atrium (RHO=0.301, p<0.001) and left ventricle diameter (RHO=0.197, p=0.001), left ventricle mass (RHO=0.261, p<0.001), and left ventricle indexed mass (RHO=0.340, p<0.001) were positively associated with CHA2DS2-VASc score, whereas P-wave amplitude (RHO=-0.141, p=0.02), P-wave voltage in lead I (RHO=-0.191, p=0.002), and left ventricle ejection fraction (RHO=-0.344, p<0.001) were negatively associated with the same score. The presence of the Morris index was associated with high CHA2DS2-VASc (p=0.022). CONCLUSION: Prolonged PR interval, Morris index, increased left atrium diameter, left ventricle diameter, left ventricle mass, and left ventricle indexed mass values as well as lower P-wave amplitude, P-wave voltage in lead I, and left ventricle ejection fraction values were correlated with higher CHA2DS2-VASc scores.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Risk stratification of sudden cardiac death in patients with coronary artery disease is of great importance. We evaluated the association between ventricular repolarization and induction of malignant ventricular arrhythmias on electrophysiological study of patients with coronary artery disease. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 177 patients (65±10.1 years, 83.6% male, mean left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] 37.5±13.6%) were analyzed. For each 10 ms increment in the QT interval, there was a 7% increase in malignant ventricular arrhythmias inducibility; QT cutoff point of 452 ms had an accuracy of 0.611 for predicting malignant ventricular arrhythmias (p=0.011). Male gender (odds ratio [OR]=4.18, p=0.012), LVEF <35% (OR=2.32, p=0.013), amiodarone use (OR=2.01, p=0.038), and prolonged QT (OR=1.07, p=0.023) were associated with malignant ventricular arrhythmias. In patients with ventricular dysfunction, QT >452 ms was associated with significantly increased risk of malignant ventricular arrhythmias (OR=5.44, p=0.0004). In those with LVEF ³35%, QT dispersion (QTd) was significantly higher in patients with inducible malignant ventricular arrhythmias. QTd >20 ms had 0.638 accuracy and 81.3% negative predictive value in predicting malignant ventricular arrhythmias. CONCLUSION: QT interval is an independent factor associated with malignant ventricular arrhythmias in patients with coronary artery disease. The combination of ventricular dysfunction and prolonged QT interval is associated with a 5.44-fold increase of malignant ventricular arrhythmias induction. Male gender, amiodarone use, and decreased left ventricular ejection fraction are also associated with increased risk of inducibility of malignant ventricular arrhythmias on the electrophysiological study.

INTRODUÇÃO: A trombofilia, estado que predispõe à ocorrência de trombose, decorre da existência de alterações da hemostasia, podendo ser congênita ou adquirida. A deficiência de proteína S, que ocorre pela falta do co-fator para a proteína C, é uma alteração congênita que pode resultar em trombofilia. A reabilitação física, considerada uma terapêutica eficaz, tem seu papel definido na prevenção e tratamento de doenças cardiovasculares. OBJETIVO: Este estudo se propôs a verificar a influência do exercício físico aeróbio associado aos exercícios de resistência muscular localizada na circulação sistêmica e colateral do membro superior e inferior direito e na redução das conseqüências causadas pelas retrações decorrentes das cirurgias. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: A amostra foi composta por uma paciente do sexo feminino, 19 anos, portadora da síndrome de hipercoagulabilidade (trombofilia) congênita por deficiência da proteína S, com obstrução total na artéria axilar direita e parcial na artéria femoral superficial direita. O programa de exercícios foi dividido em duas fases. Fase I: Atividades para aumento da amplitude de movimentos, em que se realizavam aplicação de calor, alongamentos passivos manuais mantidos, drenagem linfática e manipulações Effleurage. Fase II: Constituída de exercício aeróbio (45 minutos de caminhada, três vezes por semana, intensidade de 60% a 85% da freqüência cardíaca máxima) e exercícios de resistência muscular localizada (contrações dinâmicas, três séries com o máximo de repetições possíveis, baixa intensidade, favorecendo fatores aeróbios). RESULTADOS: 1. Melhora da circulação colateral à artéria axilar, constatada pelo aumento na velocidade de pulso sistólico (verificado através do exame doppler pulsado) - na artéria radial, passou de 3,4cm/s para 16,8cm/s; na artéria braquial, de 8,7cm/s para 45,9cm/s. 2. Melhor tolerância ao exercício aeróbio. 3. Recuperação da capacidade funcional e amplitude de movimento do ombro. 4. Recuperação plena da autonomia para as atividades diárias. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a terapêutica adotada foi eficaz no tratamento dos transtornos provocados pela trombofilia.

INTRODUCTION: Thrombophilia, elapses the existence of alterations of the hemostasis, being congenital or to be acquired. The protein S deficiency, occurs for the lack of the cofactor for protein C, is a congenital alteration that can result in thrombophilia. Physical rehabilitation, an efficient therapeutic option, has its paper defined in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular illnesses. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to verify the influence of the associated aerobic physical exercise to the exercises of muscular resistance in the systemic and collateral circulation of the right upper/lower member and in the reduction of the consequences caused for the decurrent retractions of the surgeries. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The sample, composed by a patient of the feminine sex, 19 years, carrier of the syndrome of congenital thrombophilia because of protein S deficiency, with total obstruction of the right axillary artery and partial obstruction of the right superficial femoral artery. The program of exercises were divided in two phases. Phase I: Activities for increase of the amplitude of movements, became fulfilled kept application of heat, manual passive stretching, lymphatic draining and Effleurage manipulations. Phase II: Constituted of aerobic exercise (45 minutes of walked, 3 times per week, intensity of 60% 85% of the maximum cardiac frequency), and exercises of located muscular resistance (dynamic contractions, three series with the maximum of possible repetitions, low intensity, favoring aerobic factors). RESULT: 1. Improvement of the collateral circulation to the axillary artery, evidenced for the increase in the speed of systolic pulse (verified by pulsed Doppler examination) - in the radial artery passed of 3.4 cm/s for 16.8 cm/s; in the brachial artery, of 8.7 cm/s for 45.9 cm/s. 2. Better tolerance to the aerobic exercise. 3. Recovery of the functional capacity and amplitude of movement of shoulder. 4. Full recovery of the autonomy for the daily activities. CONCLUSIONS: The gotten results had demonstrated that the adopted therapy was efficient in the treatment of thrombophilia consequences.

INTRODUCIÓN: La trombofilia resulta de la existencia de alteraciones de la hemóstasis, pudiendo ser congénita o adquirida. La deficiencia de proteína S ocurre por la falta del cofactor para la proteína C, y una alteración congénita que puede resultar en trombofilia. La reabilitación física, considerada una terapéutica eficaz, tiene su papel definido en la prevención y el tratamiento de enfermedades cardiovasculares. OBJETIVO: En este estudio se propuso verificar la influencia del ejercicio físico aeróbico asociado a los ejercicios de resistencia muscular localizada en la circulación sistémica y colateral del miembro superior e inferior derecho y en la redución de las consecuencias causadas por las retraciones resultantes de las cirugias. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: La muestra fué compuesta por una paciente de sexo femenino, de 19 años, portadora del síndrome de hipercoagulabilidad (trombofilia) congénita por deficiencia de proteína S, con obstrucción total de la arteria axilar derecha y parcial de la arteria femoral superficial derecha. El programa de ejercicios fué dividido en dos fases. Fase I: Actividades para el aumento de la amplitud de movimientos, realizada mediante la aplicación de calor, elongamientos pasivos manuales mantenidos, drenage linfático y manipulaciones Effleurage. Fase II: Constituída de ejercicio aeróbico (45 minutos de caminata, 3 veces por semana, intensidad de 60% a 85% de la frecuencia cardíaca máxima), y ejercicios de resistencia muscular localizada (contraciones dinámicas, tres series con el máximo de repeticiones posibles, baja intensidad, favoreciendo factores aeróbicos). RESULTADOS: 1. Mejora de la circulación colateral de la arteria axilar, constatada por el aumento de la velocidad de pulso sistólico (verificado a través del examen doppler pulsado) - en la arteria radial paso de 3,4 cm/s a 16,8 cm/s; en la arteria braquial, de 8,7cm/s a 45,9 cm/s. 2. Mejor tolerancia al ejercicio aeróbico. 3. Recuperación de la capacidad funcional y amplitud del movimiento del hombro. 4. Recuperación plena de la autonomía para las actividades diárias. CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados obtenidos demostraron que la terapéutica adoptada fué eficaz en el tratamiento de los transtornos provocados por la trombofilia.