En casa de malla de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Palmira (3° 30' 45.6" N y 76° 18' 29.911" O, 1050 m.s.n.m., 23.5 °C y 77% de HR) se midieron los requerimientos hídricos del cilantro (Coriandrum sativum L.) variedad Unapal Precoso y se relacionaron con el rendimiento de follaje fresco y materia seca. Las plantas fueron sembradas en macetas con 6 kg de suelo y por ciclo de cultivo se aplicaron láminas de agua de 140, 160, 200 (testigo propuesta por Vallejo y Estrada, 2004), 240 y 280 mm. Se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar con cinco tratamientos, cuatro repeticiones y 36 plantas por unidad experimental. Cada día, durante la fase experimental, se realizaron mediciones de evapotranspiración y cada 35 días después de la siembra se midieron las producciones de follaje y biomasa. La mayor producción de follaje se obtuvo con 200 mm de agua, valor asociado con la mayor eficiencia en el uso de ésta, medida como producción de MS, (0.64 g/lt de agua aplicado). En la etapa de germinación el coeficiente Kc del cultivo (relación evaporación real/evaporación de referencia) fue de 0.83, 1.12 en la etapa de crecimiento lineal y 1.40 en la etapa de formación de tallo floral y cosecha.

An experiment was conducted to determine water requirements of coriander Unapal Precoso related to fresh foliage yield and dry matter. Plants were sown in pots with 6 kg of soil and water depths of 140, 160, 200 (witness proposed by Vallejo y Estrada, 2004), 240 and 280 mm were applied. A random complete block design was used with 5 treatments and 4 replications, with 36 plants per experimental unit. Daily evapotranspiration measurements were made. Production of foliage and biomass was evaluated 35 days after sowing. Increased production of foliage was obtained with 200 mm of water depth, value associated with greater efficiency in water use (0.64 grams of dry matter per liter of water applied). The crop Kc was determined: 0.83 at the stage of germination, 1.12 in linear growth stage and 1.40 on the stage of forming flower stems and harvesting.

En condiciones de casa de malla de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Palmira se estudió los efectos de la aplicación de vinaza, un subproducto de la industria de alcohol carburante, sobre las bacterias rizosféricas Pseudomonas fluorescens y Bacillus subtilis promotoras de crecimiento, la actividad-CO2, biomasa microbiana-C y el cociente metabólico-qCO2 en un suelo Pachic Haplustoll y su relación con el rendimiento de habichuela (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar con siete tratamientos y cinco repeticiones. Los tratamientos se seleccionaron con base en los requerimientos de K del cultivo (150 kg/ha K2O) utilizando como fuentes KCl y vinaza solos y en mezclas. Los tratamientos evaluados y la época de muestreo influyeron (P < 0.05) en la actividad y biomasa microbiana. Los menores valores de estas variables se presentaron en la época de floración del cultivo cuando la demanda de nutrientes es alta. La mezcla en partes iguales de vinaza y KCl favorece la mayor producción de habichuela sin afectar la actividad microbiana; el cociente metabólico indicó estabilidad del sistema en el tiempo y las bacterias rizosféricas presentaron el mejor crecimiento en la mezcla 75% de potasio como vinaza y 25% como KCl.

The effect of the application of vinasse, a byproduct of the fuel alcohol industry on growth promoting rhizosphere bacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis), in Activity-CO2 and microbial biomass -C and metabolic quotient-qCO2 a Pachic Haplustoll, and its relationship to the performance of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). We used a completely randomized design with seven treatments and five repetitions. The treatments were designed based on the requirements of the crop K+ (150 kg ha-1 K2O, Vallejo and Estrada 2004) and made up for using KCl and vinasse combined. The results show significant differences in activity and microbial biomass in the second and third sampling respectively. The highest values of microbial activity are presented in T5 and T7 minors; Microbial biomass presented the highest values in T3 and T7 minors. Rhizosphere bacteria differ significantly; Pseudomonas fluorescens in the second sampling, showing the highest values T5 and T6 minors. Bacillus subtilis differs in the third sample and the highest values reported in T4 and T1 minor. The negative correlation between metabolic ratio and yield beans, in this way, higher dry matter values are shown in the T6 and T5 minor

INTRODUÇÃO: A artrite reumatoide (AR) é uma doença inflamatória crônica sistêmica autoimune que provém de uma desordem incapacitante. Até hoje, a etiologia da AR é desconhecida. No entanto, já se cogitou a existência de indivíduos geneticamente passíveis de tê-la. Muitos estudos já foram realizados em todo o mundo, como, por exemplo, na Polônia, Argentina, Chile, México, Brasil, Colômbia, entre outros países, com relação à influência entre os alelos HLA-DR e a doença, mas não no Equador. OBJETIVO: O principal objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a participação dos alelos de HLA classes I e II em pacientes com AR. PACIENTES E MÉTODOS: Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida em 30 pacientes adultos com AR, previamente diagnosticados de acordo com os critérios de classificação do Colégio Norte-Americano de Reumatologia (ACR, 1987) e 28 controles. Para a tipificação de HLA classes I e II, adotou-se a técnica PCR-SSP, e as significâncias estatísticas foram avaliadas pelo teste de Qui-Quadrado. RESULTADOS: O HLA-DR4 está presente em 76,7% dos pacientes, com uma frequência alélica de 45%, enquanto apenas 21% dos sujeitos controle o apresentaram. O teste de Qui-Quadrado confirma que as variáveis HLA-DR4 e RA estão altamente vinculadas (X² = 11,38, P = 0,00074). CONCLUSÃO: Há frequência maior de HLA-DR4 e HLA-DR14. Os resultados encontrados são similares aos encontrados em outros estudos. Porém, seria desejável aumentar o tamanho da amostra para encontrar um maior número de perfis genéticos e de alelos envolvidos.

INTRODUCTION: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic inflammatory autoimmune disease that originates from a disabling disorder. To date, the etiology of RA is unknown. However, the existence of genetically susceptible individuals was considered. Many studies have been performed worldwide, for example, in Poland, Argentina, Chile, Mexico, Brazil, and Colombia, among others, regarding the influence between HLA-DR alleles and disease, but not in Ecuador. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the involvement of Class I and II HLA alleles in patients with RA. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study was conducted in 30 adult patients with RA previously diagnosed, according to the classification criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR, 1987) and 28 controls. For Class I and II HLA typing, we adopted the PCR-SSP, and statistical significances were evaluated by Chi-Square. RESULTS: HLA-DR4 is present in 76.7% of patients, with an allele frequency of 45%, while only 21% of control subjects presented it. The chi-square confirms that HLA-DR4 and RA variables are highly bound (X2 = 11.38, P = 0.00074). CONCLUSION: There is increased frequency of HLA-DR4 and HLA-DR14. The results are similar to those found in other studies. But it would be desirable to increase the sample size in order to find a greater number of genetic profiles and alleles involved.