ResumoO comportamento humano para com os animais selvagens é definido por influências culturais e muitas vezes é afetado por falta de conhecimento, principalmente em situações de confronto. Podendo levar à matança indiscriminada, consequentemente a um estado de declínio. O presente estudo foi realizado entre 2008 e 2013, envolvendo a análise de serpente que sofreram lesões pertencentes às coleções de répteis do Centro Universitário de Lavras e Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. As lesões foram classificadas de acordo com a localização no corpo. Entre os 449 espécimes analisados, 245 mostram lesões. As serpentes não peçonhentas foram as mais representativas e apresentaram uma maior taxa de lesão (66,3%) do que os peçonhentos (18,2%). A região do corpo onde ocorreu a maior percentagem de lesões registada foi a anterior (39,6%), seguido pelo meio (36,5%) e posterior (8,4%). Acreditamos que este fato pode ter resultado devido a falta de conhecimento sobre como diferenciar espécies. Estudos sobre a relação entre nível de escolaridade e contato com atividades de educação ambiental demonstram redução dos ataques a esses animais. Este fato indica que a preservação de muitas espécies está relacionado à conscientização e educação da população.

AbstractHuman behavior toward wild animals is defined by cultural influences and often is affected by lack of knowledge, mainly in situations of confrontation. The present study was conducted between 2008 and 2013, involving analysis of snakes that had suffered injuries belonging to the reptile collections of Centro Universitário de Lavras and Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. The injuries were classified according to location on the body. Among the 449 specimens analyzed, 245 specimens showed injury to some part of the body. The nonvenomous snakes were the most representative and had a higher rate of injury (66.3%) than the venomous ones (18.2%). The body region where the greatest percentage of injuries was recorded was the anterior (39.6%), followed by the middle (36.5%) and posterior (8.4%). We believe this fact may have resulted due the lack of knowledge on how to differentiate species. Studies of the relationship between schooling level and contact with environmental education activities demonstrate reduction of attacks on these animals. This fact indicates that the preservation of many species is related to awareness and education of the population.

Human biomonitoring (HBM) of environmental contaminants plays an important role in estimating exposure and evaluating risk, and thus it has been increasingly applied in the environmental field. The results of HBM must be compared with reference values (RV). The term "reference values" has always been related to the interpretation of clinical laboratory tests. For physicians, RV indicate "normal values" or "limits of normal"; in turn, toxicologists prefer the terms "background values" or "baseline values" to refer to the presence of contaminants in biological fluids. This discrepancy leads to the discussion concerning which should be the population selected to determine RV. Whereas clinical chemistry employs an altered health state as the main exclusion criterion to select a reference population (that is, a "healthy" population would be selected), in environmental toxicology the exclusion criterion is the abnormal exposure to xenobiotics. Therefore, the choice of population to determine RV is based on the very purpose of the RV to be determined. The present paper discusses the concepts and methodology used to determine RV for biomarkers of chemical environmental contaminants.