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Abstract Long-term-ecological-research (LTER) faces many challenges, including the difficulty of obtaining long-term funding, changes in research questions and sampling designs, keeping researchers collecting standardized data for many years, impediments to interactions with local people, and the difficulty of integrating the needs of local decision makers with “big science”. These issues result in a lack of universally accepted guidelines as to how research should be done and integrated among LTER sites. Here we discuss how the RAPELD (standardized field infrastructure system), can help deal with these issues as a complementary technique in LTER studies, allowing comparisons across landscapes and ecosystems and reducing sampling costs. RAPELD uses local surveys to understand broad spatial and temporal patterns while enhancing decision-making and training of researchers, local indigenous groups and traditional communities. Sampling of ecological data can be carried out by different researchers through standardized protocols, resulting in spatial data that can be used to answer temporal questions, and allow new questions to be investigated. Results can also be integrated into existing biodiversity networks. Integrated systems are the most efficient way to save resources, maximize results, and accumulate information that can be used in the face of the unknown unknowns upon which our future depends.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320230051

Determination of TNF-a Gene Polymorphisms on Skeletal Pattern in Class II Malocclusion
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Levy, Simone Carvalho

; Antunes, Lívia Azeredo Alves

; Abreu, Julia Guimaraes Barcellos de

; Nascimento, Jullia Assis da Silva

; Kuntz, Ana Carolina

; Fialho, Walter Luis Soares

; Rodrigues, Amanda Silva

; Teixeira, Ellen Cardoso

; Calasans-Maia, José de Albuquerque

; Araújo, Marcelo Calvo de

; Küchler, Erika C.

; Antunes, Leonardo Santos

Brazilian Dental Journal

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Mar 2019, Volumen 30 Nº 2 Paginas 152 - 156

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O desenvolvimento e crescimento ósseo é um processo contínuo, que dura toda a vida, variando muito entre os indivíduos e grande parte dessa variação pode ser modulada por fatores genéticos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a associação entre os polimorfismos no gene TNF-a e a má oclusão da classe II esquelética. Polimorfismos no gene TNF-a (rs1799724; rs1800629) foram estudados em 79 indivíduos com má oclusão esquelética de classe II e 102 indivíduos com má oclusão esquelética classe I do Grupo de Estudos em Ortodontia e Ortopedia Funcional dos Maxilares do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. A genotipagem destes polimorfismos foi realizada por PCR em tempo real, através de DNA genômico extraído de células bucais. Todas as frequências alélicas e genotípicas foram comparadas entre os grupos utilizando o software PLINK® em um modelo livre, dominante e recessivo. Foi aplicado o teste do qui-quadrado (p≤0,05). Não houve associação significativa na distribuição genotipica e alélica do gene TNF-a (rs1799724; rs1800629) com a má oclusão de classe II esquelética. Independentemente do modelo genético dominante ou recessivo, as associações genotípicas preferenciais para rs1799724 e rs1800629 foram insignificantes. Pode-se concluir que, não existe evidência de associação entre polimorfismos genéticos envolvendo TNF-a e má oclusão esquelética de classe II ou a posição da maxila e mandíbula na direção póstero-anterior.

Abstract Bone development and growth is a non-going, life-long process, varying greatly among individuals and much of this variation could be modulated by genetic factors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between the polymorphisms in the TNF-a gene and skeletal class II malocclusion. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in TNF-a (rs1799724; rs1800629) gene were studied in 79 skeletal class II malocclusion and 102 skeletal class I malocclusion subjects from Straight Wire Group of Studies on Orthodontics and Functional Orthopedics for Maxillary from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The Genotyping of these selected polymorphisms was carried out by TaqMan real-time PCR using genomic DNA extracted from buccal cells. All allele and genotype frequencies were compared between the groups using the PLINK® software in a free, in a dominant and in a recessive model using a chi-square test (p≤0.05). There was no significant association of TNF-a (rs1799724; rs1800629) genotype and allele distribution with skeletal class II malocclusion. Regardless of the dominant or recessive genetic model, the preferential genotype associations for rs1799724 and rs1800629 was insignificant. In conclusion, no evidence of association is apparent between genetic polymorphisms involving TNF-a and skeletal class II malocclusion or the position of the maxilla and mandible in the postero-anterior direction.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201902367 1268 descargas

Increasing awareness of human T-lymphotropic virus type-1 infection: a serious, invisible, and neglected health problem in Brazil
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Puccioni-Sohler, Marzia

; Grassi, Maria Fernanda Rios

; Galvão-Castro, Bernardo

; Caterino, Adele

; Proietti, Anna Bárbara de Freitas Carneiro

; Vicente, Ana Carolina Paulo

; Galvão-Castro, Ana Verena

; Vallinoto, Antonio Carlos

; Paiva, Arthur

; Penalva, Augusto

; Rosadas, Carolina

; Miyashiro, Denis

; Barbosa, Edel Figueiredo

; Carvalho, Edgar Marcelino de

; Batista, Everton da Silva

; Smid, Jerusa

; Casseb, Jorge

; Vidal, Jose

; Sousa, Maisa Silva

; Viana, Maria Graça de Castro

; Bastos, Michele de Souza

; Lírio, Monique

; Boa-Sorte, Ney

; Ferreira Jr, Orlando C.

; Takayanagui, Osvaldo

; Moura, Patrícia

; Rocco, Regina

; Cunha, Rodrigo Guimaraes

; Haddad, Simone Kashima

; Assone, Tatiane

; Araújo, Thessika Hialla Almeida

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2019, Volumen 52 elocation e20190343

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0343-2019 953 descargas

Temporomandibular joint involvement in rheumatoid arthritis patients: association between clinical and tomographic data
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Cordeiro, Patrícia C. F

; Guimaraes, Josemar P

; de Souza, Viviane A

; Dias, Isabela M

; Silva, Jesca N. N

; Devito, Karina L

; Bonato, Leticia L

Acta Odontológica Latinoamericana

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Dic 2016, Volumen 29 Nº 3 Paginas 219 - 224

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A artrite reumatoide (AR) é uma doença sistêmica, autoimune, caracterizada por inflamação crônica e hiperplasia sinovial, que usualmente afeta múltiplas articulações. Dentre estas, a articulação temporomandibular (ATM), tornase susceptível ao desenvolvimento de alterações. O estudo objetiva avaliar a presença de desordem temporomandibular (DTM) e altera ções ósseas degenerativas da ATM (articulação temporo man di bu lar) de pacientes diagnosticados com AR (artrite reumatóide). Como metodologia, aplicouse o questionário Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorder (RDC/ TDM) em para avaliação clínica da ATM e classificação da desordem temporomandibular em 49 pacientes de ambos os sexos e idade variável. Foram excluídos os indivíduos que já haviam realizado tratamento prévio para DTM e/ou com histórico de traumatismo crâniofacial. Posteriormente os participantes foram submetidos a exames de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) para avaliação de possíveis alterações degenerativas no côndilo mandibular e na eminência articular. Foram apresentadas as frequências das alterações encontradas e verificouse a associação entre os achados clínicotomográficos por meio do teste do Quiquadrado. Após a avaliação clínica verificouse que 75% dos pacientes possuíam queixas de dor na região orofacial, variando entre a presença de artralgia, mialgia ou ambas. Quanto aos diagnósticos, 100% da amostra apresentou diagnóstico do Grupo III do RDC/TMD (artralgia, osteoartrite ou osteoartrose). A presença de alterações ósseas degenera tivas foi encontrada em 90% dos indivíduos avaliados, sendo que as mais prevalentes foram aplainamento (78,7%) e osteófito (39,3%). O teste de associação sugeriu uma maior tendência de desenvolvimento de alterações degenerativas nos indivíduos assintomáticos (p = 0.01). O caráter assintomático do envolvimento da ATM na AR pode ocultar danos estruturais vistos em imagem. Assim, ressaltase a importância do diagnóstico e tratamento precoces para redução de danos estruturais e funcionais.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation and synovial hyperplasia, which usually affects multiple joints. The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) becomes susceptible to the development of changes resulting from RA. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of TMD and degenerative bone changes in TMJ in patients diagnosed with RA (rheumatoid arthritis). The Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/ TMD) questionnaire was used for clinical evaluation of the TMJ and for TMD classification of 49 patients of both sexes and all ages. Individuals who had already undergone prior treatment for TMD and/or with a history of craniofacial trauma were excluded. The participants underwent cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) exams to assess possible degenerative changes in the mandibular condyle and the articular eminence. The frequencies of the changes found are presented and the possible associations between clinical and CT findings analyzed using the chisquare test. It was found that 75% of the patients had complaints of pain in the orofacial region, including arthralgia, myalgia or both. As for the diagnoses, 100% of the sample was diagnosed as RDC/TMD Group III (arthralgia, osteoarthritis or osteoarthrosis). The presence of degenerative bone changes was found in 90% of the subjects, the most prevalent being flattening (78.7%) and osteophytes (39.3%). The association test suggested a greater tendency to develop degenerative changes in asymptomatic individuals (p = 0.01). The asymptomatic nature of the involvement of the TMJ in RA can hide structural damage seen in imaging. Thus, the importance of early diagnosis and treatment to reduce structural and functional damage is emphasized.

2142 descargas

Animal models of anxiety disorders and stress
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Campos, Alline C.

; Fogaca, Manoela V.

; Aguiar, Daniele C.

; Guimaraes, Francisco S.

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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2013, Volumen 35 Supl. 2 Paginas S101 - S111

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Anxiety and stress-related disorders are severe psychiatric conditions that affect performance in daily tasks and represent a high cost to public health. The initial observation of Charles Darwin that animals and human beings share similar characteristics in the expression of emotion raise the possibility of studying the mechanisms of psychiatric disorders in other mammals (mainly rodents). The development of animal models of anxiety and stress has helped to identify the pharmacological mechanisms and potential clinical effects of several drugs. Animal models of anxiety are based on conflict situations that can generate opposite motivational states induced by approach-avoidance situations. The present review revisited the main rodent models of anxiety and stress responses used worldwide. Here we defined as “ethological” the tests that assess unlearned/unpunished responses (such as the elevated plus maze, light-dark box, and open field), whereas models that involve learned/punished responses are referred to as “conditioned operant conflict tests” (such as the Vogel conflict test). We also discussed models that involve mainly classical conditioning tests (fear conditioning). Finally, we addressed the main protocols used to induce stress responses in rodents, including psychosocial (social defeat and neonatal isolation stress), physical (restraint stress), and chronic unpredictable stress.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2013-1139 54259 descargas

Unexpected angiographic and visual findings after clipping of a carotid-ophthalmic aneurysm
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Mascarenhas, L.

; Ribeiro, M.

; Guimaraes, S.

; Rocha, J.

; Alegria, C.

Neurocirugía

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Feb 2010, Volumen 21 Nº 1 Paginas 46 - 49

Resumen: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

A 56-year-old woman underwent surgery for a ruptured carotid-ophthalmic artery aneurysm. Intraoperative visual inspection confirmed that the ophthalmic artery was left intact. She had no light perception on the operated side right after surgery. Angiography one week after surgery confirmed exclusion of the aneurysm, no filling of the proximal portion of the ophthalmic artery, and a very faint filling of its distal orbital part. She gradually recovered from this deficit and 9 months after surgery she is capable of counting fingers. At this time angiography displayed filling of all the portions of the ophthalmic artery, absence of recruitment of collateral blood supply, and exclusion of the aneurysm as before. Surgical manipulation seems to either have induced vasospasm or thrombosis of the ophthalmic artery. Regression of vasospasm or secondary recanalization of the thrombus without development of collateral blood supply may account for the gradual improvement of vision. A risk of monocular blindness is associated with the surgical treatment of para-clinoid aneurysms. Nevertheless, when it occurs, a perspective of recovery may exist if certain etiologies are involved.

Una mujer de 56 años fue intervenida de un aneurisma carotido-oftálmico roto. La inspección visual intraoperatoria confirmaba que la arteria oftálmica estaba intacta. Tras la cirugía la paciente no percibía luz por dicho ojo y la angiografía una semana después de la cirugía confirmó la exclusión del aneurisma, con falta de relleno de la porción proximal de la arteria oftálmica, y un relleno muy débil de la porción orbitaria distal. La paciente se fue recuperando progresivamente del déficit y 9 meses después de la cirugía es capaz de contar dedos. La angiografía actual demuestra un relleno de todas las porciones de la arteria oftálmica, con ausencia de circulación colateral, y exclusión del aneurisma. La manipulación quirúrgica parece haber inducido vasoespasmo o trombosis de la arteria oftálmica. La regresión del vasoespasmo o la recanalización secundaria del trombo sin desarrollo de circulación colateral pueden justificar la mejoría gradual de la visión. Hay un riesgo de amaurosis unilateral asociado al tratamiento quirúrgico de los aneurismas paraclinoideos, aunque existe posibilidad de mejoría en algunos casos.

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Prevalencia de algunos factores de riesgo cardiovascular en dos poblaciones de Huaraz (3 100 m sobre el nivel del mar)
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López de Guimaraes, Douglas

; Chiriboga García, Madeleine R.

; Gonzáles Crisóstomo, Georgina P.

; Vega Mejía, Virgilio C.

Acta Médica Peruana

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Ene 2007, Volumen 24 Nº 1 Paginas 18 - 21

Resumen: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Objective: to study the prevalence of some of cardiovascular risk factors (RCF) in high altitude born adults of the district of Huaraz-Ancash (3,100 m above sea level). Materials and methods: comparative study and cross sectional study in individuals over age 18 living in urban (neighborhood of Bethlehem) and the rural (community of Paquishca) areas of the district of Huaraz. After staged sampling, the sample consisted of 204 people (102 urban and 102 rural). A previously validated survey was applied in August, 2004, evaluating 9 parameters. Results: RCF were found in Huaraz, with a greater prevalence in the urban population (95%) that in the rural one (66,7%). Comparing urban vs. rural populations, the prevalence of arterial hypertension AHT was 18,6% vs. 3,9% rural; hypercolesterolemia 13,7% vs. 2%; high LDL 39,2% vs. 5,9%; low HDL 51% vs. 48%; hyperglycemia 5,9% vs. 2%; obesity 15,7% vs. 2%; smoking 21,6% vs. 5%; alcoholism 12.7% vs. 6.9% and sedentary lifestyle 73,5% vs. 26,5%. Six of the nine RCF studied were more prevalent in the urban population (AHT, hypercolesterolemia, high LDL, obesity, smoking and sedentary lifestyle), with statistically signiﬁcant differences. The accumulated individual prevalence of the RCF was also greater in the urban area. Conclusions: RCF are present in the adult high altitude population of the district of Huaraz, and they are more prevalent in the urban population than in the rural one.

Objetivo: estudiar la prevalencia de algunos factores de riesgo cardiovascular (FRC) en adultos nativos de altura del distrito de Huaraz-Ancash (3 100 m sobre el nivel del mar). Material y métodos: estudio comparativo y transversal en individuos mayores de 18 años que vivían en área urbana (barrio de Belén) y área rural (comunidad de Paquishca), del distrito de Huaraz. Luego de un muestreo por etapas, la muestra quedó conformada por 204 personas (102 del área urbana y 102 del área rural). Se utilizó una encuesta previamente validada, que se aplicó en agosto del 2004 y se evaluaron nueve parámetros. Resultados: se halló que los FRC se encontraban presentes en Huaraz y fueron más prevalentes en la población urbana 95% que en la rural 66,7%. Comparando el área urbana con la rural, se halló que la prevalencia de HTA fué 18,6% urbano y 3,9% rural; hipercolesterolemia 13,7% vs 2%; LDL elevado 39,2% vs 5,9%; HDL disminuido 51% vs 48%; hiperglucemia 5,9% vs 2%; obesidad 15,7% vs 2%; tabaquismo 21,6% vs 5%; alcoholismo 12,7% vs 6,9% y sedentarismo 73,5% vs 26,5%; respectivamente. Seis de los nueve FRC estudiados fueron más prevalentes en la población urbana (HTA, hipercolesterolemia, LDL elevado, obesidad, tabaquismo y sedentarismo); siendo la diferencia estadísticamente signiﬁcativa. Asimismo, la prevalencia individual acumulada de los FRC también fué mayor en el área urbana. Conclusiones: los FRC se encuentran presentes en la población adulta de altura del distrito de Huaraz y son más prevalentes en la población urbana que en la rural.

Diretriz de Indicações e Utilizações das Intervenções Percutâneas e Stent Intracoronariano na Prática Clínica
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Guimaraes, Jorge Ilha

; Sousa, J. Eduardo

; Ribeiro, Expedito

; Mattos, Luiz Alberto

; Sousa, Amanda GRM

; Nunes, Gilberto Lahorgue

; Leite, Rogério Gomes Sarmento

; Moura, Álvaro Vieira

; Gottschall, Carlos A. Mascia

; Costa, Eduardo A. da Silva

; Falcão, Francisco C. Couto

; Prudente, Mauricio Lopes

; Furtado, Raimundo João Costa

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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2003, Volumen 80 Supl. 1 Paginas 1 - 14

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Distribuição e frequência de larvas de Dermatobia hominis (Linnaeus Jr., 1781) (Diptera: Cuterebridae) em peles de bovinos
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SANAVRIA, ARGEMIRO

; GUIMARAES BARBOSA, CELSO

; BEZERRA, E. S.

; MORAIS, M. C.

; GIUPPONI, P. C.

Parasitología latinoamericana

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Ene 2002, Volumen 57 Nº 1-2 Paginas 21 - 24

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

The Dermatobia hominis larvae (Linnaeus Jr., 1781) (Diptera: Cuterebridae) causes a subcutaneous nodular miyasis and brings about irreversible perforation on skin, which damages the leather and therefore lowers its price for commercialization. The main purpose of the present work is to establish the larva distribution in cattle corporal area and also to define the infestation according to sex, age and color of skin. This survey was elaborated covering 8124 cattle slaughted in a slaughterhouse in Nilópolis city, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, with the intention of to identify larvae localization and distribution. The leather surface was divided into four regions: I (left anterior quadrant), II (right anterior quadrant), III (left posterior quadrant), IV (right posterior quadrant); the skin color was also registered. 84,8% leather skin examined were totally free from parasite. The incidence of parasited on region I was significantly larger: 33.4% (3029), on region II 30.9% (2796), on region III 20% (1813), on region IV 15.7% (1423). As to sex frequency the females presented more parasites 16.7% (342) than the males 14.7% (894). The adults were more vulnerable (15.4%) than the younger ones (12.1%). The parasite appeared more in black skins (18.1%), black and red (15.2%), black and white (15.3%), red (15.2%), spotted (13.2%), gray (11.8%).

2956 descargas Citado 2 veces en SciELO

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