Abstract High-resolution seismic surveys have been successfully applied in the study of active sedimentary environments in shallow submerged settings, particularly improving the interpretation of sedimentary facies and architectural elements that characterize fluvial rock records. Nevertheless, specific data processing workflows to emphasize sedimentary structures have not been proposed or tested, so that interpretation currently relies on the subjective opinion of individual interpreters, which might lead to biased conclusions. Aiming at the construction of a less biased data processing workflow, we developed a software that analyzes seismic data and performs standardized interpretation by linking individual seismic traces to generate interpreted reflector lines. A dataset acquired with boomer continuous seismic profiler in the sedimentary bed of the Amazonas river in Brazil was processed with a typical sequence of filter and gain (using Seismic UNIX software), as well as a routine of trace interpolation written in GNU Octave. The application of the Standardized Interpreter at different stages of processing enabled the comparison of the resulting interpretation scenarios in terms of the representation of geometries related to internal sedimentary structures, thus leading to the proposition of a workflow adapted to the specific needs of sedimentary structure interpretation from seismic data.

Até hoje, a maior parte dos estudos de sedimentologia fluvial tem adotado dois principais métodos de investigação: observação direta de trincheiras, faces expostas e testemunhos, ou levantamento geofísico nas regiões emersas ou rasas das barras fluviais. Neste estudo, um perfilador acústico de subfundo foi utilizado para investigar a estratigrafia do baixo curso do Rio Tocantins, na bacia Amazônica, entre a cidade de Tucuruí e a vila de Nazaré dos Patos. O interesse neste trecho do rio reside na possível variação do regime fluvial devido à instalação da barragem da usina hidrelétrica de Tucuruí e à perspectiva de que este rio se torne navegável após a conclusão da construção da eclusa. Os perfis coletados mostram detalhes da variedade e complexidade de elementos arquiteturais e a estrutura interna das macroformas arenosas. Além disso, os resultados permitiram a identificação de três ambientes correlacionados com os processos sedimentares ativos no canal: ambientes de by-pass, transição e deposição, que estão relacionados à dinâmica do canal e topografia do embasamento. A aplicação deste estudo é multíplice, uma vez que fornece informações sobre a estrutura sedimentar das formas aluvionais e histórico de deposição, mostra elementos necessários ao planejamento de eventuais intervenções para a navegabilidade do rio.

To date, the vast majority of river sedimentology study has relied on two main categories of observation: direct observation of shallow trenches, cut faces and cores or geophysical survey on dry and shallow regions of braid bars. In this study, a sub-bottom profiler was used to investigate the stratigraphy of the lower course of the Tocantins River in the Amazon region, between the city of Tucuruì and the village of Nazaré dos Patos. The interest in this specific region lies on the possible variation of the fluvial regime due to the installation of the dam of the Tucuruì hydroelectric plant and the perspective that such river would become navigable as soon as the canal lock will be completed. Collected data show a detailed variety and complexity of architectural elements, as well as internal structure of sandy macroforms. Furthermore, the results allowed the identification of three main environments linked to channel sedimentation processes: by-pass, transition and deposition environments, whose distribution is linked to channel dynamics and bedrock topography. The application of the study is manifold, once it provides not only an insight into sedimentary structure of alluvial forms and sedimentation history, but also elements demanded to plan eventual engineering works for river navigability.