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ABSTRACT Given the quantitative scarcity of low-salinity water resources in the Brazilian semi-arid region, it is necessary to use water with a high concentration of salts. Thus, identifying salt-stress tolerant cultivars of crops is an alternative for expanding irrigated agriculture. The objective of this study was to evaluate the tolerance of passion fruit cultivars as a function of irrigation water electrical conductivity. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a 5 × 3 factorial scheme, whose treatments consisted of the combination of five values of electrical conductivity of irrigation water - ECw (0.3, 1.1, 1.9, 2.7, and 3.5 dS m-1) and three sour passion fruit cultivars (BRS GA1, BRS SC1, and SCS437, with three replicates. Electrical conductivity of water from 0.3 dS m-1 reduces the relative water content, gas exchange, and the number of fruits and increased electrolyte leakage in the leaf blade of passion fruit plants, at 153 days after transplantation. The passion fruit cultivars BRS GA1, BRS SC1, and SCS437 were classified as sensitive, with threshold electrical conductivity of water of 0.3, 1.0, and 0.3 dS m-1, respectively.

RESUMO Diante da escassez quantitativa de recursos hidrícos de baixa salinidade no semiárido do brasileiro, fez-se necessário a utilização de águas com alta concentração de sais. Assim, a identificação de cultivares tolerantes ao estresse salino é uma alternativa para expansão da agricultura irrigada. Neste contexto, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a tolerância de cultivares de maracujazeiro-azedo em função da condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 5 × 3, cujos tratamentos consistiram da combinação de cinco valores de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação - CEa (0,3; 1,1; 1,9; 2,7 e 3,5 dS m-1), e três genótipos de maracujazeiro-azedo (BRS GA1, BRS SC1 e SCS437), com três repetições. A condutividade elétrica da água a partir de 0,3 dS m-1 diminuiu o conteúdo relativo de água, as trocas gasosas, o número de frutos, a produção por planta e aumentou o extravasamento de eletrólitos no limbo foliar das plantas de maracujazeiro-azedo, aos 153 dias após o transplantio. As cultivares de maracujazeiro-azedo BRS GA1, BRS SC1 e SCS437 foram classificadas como sensíveis à condutividade elétrica da água, com os níveis de salinidade limiar de 0,3; 1,0 e 0,3 dS m-1, respectivamente.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n10p785-794

Larvicidal Activity of Calcium Alginate Microcapsules Containing Clove Essential Oil Obtained by Microfluidics
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Condé, Débora T.

; Mendes, Luiza A.

; Ramos, Guilherme P.

; Silva, Rafael R. A.

; Teixeira, Alvaro V. N. C.

; Teixeira, Róbson Ricardo

; Martins, Gustavo F.

; Cerceau, Cristiane I.

; Lopes, Renata P.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Ago 2023, Volumen 34 Nº 8 Paginas 1166 - 1174

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Essential oils (EO) have diverse applications, such as antibacterial and antifungal activity. However, they are susceptible to oxidation in the presence of air, light, and moisture. In addition, they are thermally unstable. In this sense, it is necessary to develop techniques to increase the lifespan of EO. In this work, EO was obtained from cloves and characterized by different techniques. The major compounds found were eugenol (83%), eugenol acetate (9%), and β-caryophyllene (8%). The EO was encapsulated by extrusion using a microfluidic device. The sodium alginate was used as wall material, and the CaCl2 solution was used as a crosslinking agent. The microcapsule presented sizes of 164.7 ± 0.3 μm, with an encapsulation yield of 64 ± 14%. Functional characteristic groups of EO were observed in the microcapsule by infrared and Raman spectroscopies. The microcapsule increased the thermal decomposition of the EO from 162 to 230 °C. Release kinetics of the capsule was performed, with an equilibrium time of 72 h and release of 54% of the EO. Finally, the pure EO and encapsulated EO-microcapsules were applied in the Aedes aegypti larvae control, showing mean lethal concentration necessary to eliminate 50% (LC50) values of 74.4 and 96.9 μg mL-1 and lethal concentration necessary to eliminate 90% (LC90) of 106.2 and 133.3 μg mL-1 for pure EO and encapsulated EO, respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that these microcapsules have the potential for application in the Aedes aegypti larvae control.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230029

Pleistocene distribution of MacConnell’s Bat (Phyllostomidae) suggests intermittent connections between Amazonia and Atlantic Forest
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Silva, Felipe Pessoa

; Silva, Lucas Gonçalves da

; Semedo, Thiago B. F.

; Santos, Tamily C. M.

; Lopes, Gerson Paulino

; Montes, Martin Alejandro

; Garbino, Guilherme S. T.

Therya

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2023, Volumen 14 Nº 1 Paginas 55 - 62

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen La biogeografía histórica de los principales biomas de selvas de América del Sur ha intrigado a los científicos durante mucho tiempo. Los eventos paleoclimáticos durante los últimos 130 mil años promovieron conexiones entre biomas de selvas en la región neotropical, lo que llevó a distribuciones disjuntas de parte de la biota. En este contexto, el murciélago de MacConnell, Mesophylla macconnelli, parece ser un ejemplo de especie restringida al bosque con su distribución actual atravesada por las áreas secas de América del Sur. En este estudio, inferimos las conexiones pasadas entre la Amazonía y el Bosque Atlántico utilizando modelos de nicho ecológico y el murciélago de MacConnell. Obtuvimos 681 registros de la especie, y estimamos su distribución potencial durante el Último Interglacial (LIG), Último Máximo Glacial (LGM) y períodos actuales. Nuestros modelos generados, basados en 260 registros de ocurrencia filtrados, tuvieron muy buen poder predictivo, con valores de adherencia AUC y TSS superiores a 0.9. La estacionalidad de la temperatura y la precipitación anual tuvieron la mayor contribución relativa. La distribución potencial en el LIG sugiere una conexión de área adecuada entre el suroeste del Bosque Atlántico y el sur del Cerrado y la Amazonía. La distribución potencial en el LGM sugiere una expansión del rango hacia el norte y el este de la Amazonía. Las distribuciones actuales y pasadas inferidas de Mesophylla macconnelli sugieren al menos dos períodos de conexión pasada entre la Amazonía y el Bosque Atlántico. Este patrón se encuentra en otros vertebrados asociados a los bosques en América del Sur, lo que sugiere que los ciclos climáticos del Pleistoceno fueron fundamentales para la generación de distribuciones disjuntas en la región.

Abstract The historical biogeography of the major South American forested biomes has long intrigued scientists. Paleoclimatic events during the last 130 thousand years promoted connections between forested biomes in the Neotropical region, leading to disjunct distributions of some of the biota. In this context, MacConnell’s Bat, Mesophylla macconnelli, appears to represent a forest-restricted species with its current distribution bisected by dry areas. In this study, we infer past connections between the Amazonia and Atlantic Forest using MacConnell’s Bat and ecological niche models. We obtained 681 records of the species, and estimated its potential distribution during the Last Interglacial (LIG), Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), and current periods. Our generated models, based on 260 filtered occurrence records, had very good predictive power, with AUC and TSS adherence values above 0.9. Temperature seasonality and annual precipitation had the highest relative contribution. The potential distribution for the LIG suggested a suitable area connection between the southwestern Atlantic Forest and southern Cerrado and Amazonia. The potential distribution in the LGM suggests range expansion toward northern and eastern Amazonia. The current and inferred past distributions of Mesophylla macconnelli suggest at least two periods of past connection between Amazon and Atlantic Forest. This pattern is found in other forest-associated vertebrates in South America, suggesting that Pleistocene climatic cycles were central to the generation of disjunct distributions in the region.

https://doi.org/10.12933/therya-23-2219

The use of Artificial Intelligence in predicting Respiratory Syncytial Virus-inhibiting flavonoids
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Lopes, B. R. P.

; Albertini, T. T.

; Costa, M. F.

; Ferreira, A. S.

; Toledo, K. A.

; Rocha, J. C.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volumen 83 elocation e270776

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (hRSV) infection results in death and hospitalization of thousands of people worldwide each year. Unfortunately, there are no vaccines or specific treatments for hRSV infections. Screening hundreds or even thousands of promising molecules is a challenge for science. We integrated biological, structural, and physicochemical properties to train and to apply the concept of artificial intelligence (AI) able to predict flavonoids with potential anti-hRSV activity. During the training and simulation steps, the AI produced results with hit rates of more than 83%. The better AIs were able to predict active or inactive flavonoids against hRSV. In the future, in vitro and/or in vivo evaluations of these flavonoids may accelerate trials for new anti-RSV drugs, reduce hospitalizations, deaths, and morbidity caused by this infection worldwide, and be used as input in these networks to determine which parameter is more important for their decision.

Resumo A infecção pelo Vírus Sincicial Respiratório Humano (hRSV) resulta na morte e hospitalização de milhares de pessoas em todo o mundo a cada ano. Infelizmente, não existem vacinas ou tratamentos específicos para tais infecções. A testagem de centenas, ou mesmo milhares, de moléculas promissoras é um desafio para a ciência. Neste trabalho, nós integramos propriedades biológicas, estruturais e físico-químicas para treinar e aplicar o conceito de inteligência artificial (IA) capaz de prever flavonoides com potencial atividade anti-hRSV. Durante as etapas de treinamento e simulação, a IA produziu resultados com taxas de acerto superiores a 83%, sendo capaz de prever flavonoides ativos ou inativos contra o hRSV. No futuro, avaliações in vitro e/ou in vivo desses flavonoides poderão acelerar os testes de novas drogas anti-RSV, reduzir hospitalizações, mortes e morbidade causadas por essa infecção. Além disso, a validação futura destes dados poderá determinar qual parâmetro tem maior peso na decisão da inteligência.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.270776

Malignant epithelioid mesothelioma in senile Red Sindhi cows from Brazil
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Oliveira, Mariana C.

; Miranda, Ileana

; Daoualibi, Yasmin

; Lopes, Samara P.

; Pereira, Asheley H.B.

; Souza, Bruno G.

; Negrão Watanabe, Tatiane T.

; Armién, Aníbal G.

; Ubiali, Daniel G.

; Brito, Marilene F.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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2023, Volumen 43 elocation e07279

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT: Mesotheliomas in cattle are often described as isolated case reports, and investigations of multiple cases within the same bovine herd are lacking. A series of cases of malignant epithelial mesothelioma, tubulopapilary type, is described in five 15 to 21-year-old Red Sindhi cows from the same herd. Clinical signs included three to eight months of progressive emaciation, dehydration, subcutaneous edema of the lower extremities, and abdominal distension. Grossly, severe subcutaneous edema and hydroperitoneum were noted. Multiple organs’ parietal and visceral serosal surfaces had multifocal to coalescing yellow, firm, sessile nodules ranging from 0.1 to 29.0cm. Similar free nodules floated in the peritoneal fluid. Histologically, the masses comprised a layer of cubic to columnar neoplastic cells forming papillary or cystic proliferation supported by a dense fibrovascular stroma. Neoplastic cells had strong and diffuse cytoplasmic immunolabeling for pan-cytokeratin but were negative for cytokeratin 7 and vimentin. Ultrastructurally, neoplastic cells had delicate microvilli and tight and anchoring junctions. Within the cytoplasm, a moderate amount of loose aggregate of intermediary filament with small mitochondria was observed. Epidemiological investigation evidenced endogamy in this herd. Asbestos exposure was not detected. The diagnosis was based on clinical, gross, histological, and immunohistochemical findings and confirmed by transmission electron microscopy features. A definitive underlying etiology remains unknown.

RESUMO: Mesotelioma em bovinos são frequentemente relatados como casos isolados, descrições de múltiplos casos no mesmo rebanho bovino não foram encontrados. Descreve-se uma série de casos de mesotelioma epitelial maligno, tipo tubulopapilar, em cinco vacas Red Sindi de 15 a 21 anos de idade do mesmo rebanho. Os sinais clínicos incluíram emagrecimento progressivo, desidratação, edema subcutâneo das extremidades dos membros e distensão abdominal em um curso clínico que variou de três a oito meses. Macroscopicamente, observou-se edema subcutâneo acentuado e hidroperitônio. Nas serosas parietais e viscerais de múltiplos órgãos haviam nódulos multifocais a coalescentes amarelo-claros, firmes e sésseis que variavam de 0,1 a 29,0 centímetros de diâmetro. Nódulos livres semelhantes também flutuavam no líquido peritoneal. Histologicamente, as massas eram compostas por uma camada de células cúbicas a colunares formando proliferação papilar ou cística sustentada por estroma fibrovascular denso. As células neoplásicas apresentavam imunomarcação citoplasmática forte e difusa para pan-citoqueratina, mas eram negativas para citoqueratina 7 e vimentina. Ultraestruturalmente, as células neoplásicas apresentavam delicadas microvilosidades e junções comunicantes e de ancoragem. No citoplasma observou-se moderada quantidade de agregados de filamentos intermediários soltos e pequenas mitocôndrias. A investigação epidemiológica revelou que não houve inserção de bovinos de outros rebanhos por mais de 30 anos e evidenciou endogamia. Não foram encontradas possíveis fontes de amianto para os bovinos deste rebanho. O diagnóstico de mesotelioma foi baseado em características clínicas, macroscópicas, histológicas, imuno-histoquímicas e confirmado pelos achados de microscopia eletrônica. A etiologia permanece desconhecida.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-7279

Maturation and harvest time of Ateleia glazioveana Baill. seeds
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Carvalho, G. A.

; Lima, P. A. M.

; Carvalho, M. A.

; Lopes, S. O.

; Jacomino, G. R. L.

; Costa, J. S.

; Simões, I. M.

; Mello, T.

; Almeida, T. F. R.

; Mengarda, L. H. G.

; Alexandre, R. S.

; Lopes, J. C.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volumen 83 elocation e274888

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Ateleia glazioveana Baill. is a pioneer, rustic and can be used for forest recovery. This work aimed to study the process of physiological maturation of this species. The research was carried out in the city of Alegre - ES, the trees were identified in the floral anthesis and accompanied during the filling of the fruits and development of the seeds until the complete maturation. The fruits were harvested at the following stages 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days after anthesis, and characterized according to: morphometry, moisture, fresh and dry mass of fruits and seeds, germination, germination speed index, shoot and root length and dry mass of seedlings. The regression equations were adjusted for the main characteristics analyzed as a function of the harvest period. The point of physiological maturity of timbó occurred at 42 days after anthesis.

Resumo A Ateleia glazioveana Baill. é pioneira, rústica e pode ser utilizada para recuperação florestal. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o processo de maturação fisiológica desta espécie. A pesquisa foi realizada na cidade de Alegre - ES, as árvores foram identificadas na antese floral e acompanhadas durante o enchimento dos frutos e desenvolvimento das sementes até a completa maturação. Os frutos foram colhidos nos seguintes estágios 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 e 42 dias após a antese, e caracterizados quanto à: morfometria, umidade, massa fresca e seca dos frutos e sementes, germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação, comprimento da parte aérea e da raiz e massa seca das plântulas. As equações de regressão foram ajustadas para as principais características analisadas em função do período de colheita. O ponto de maturidade fisiológica do timbó ocorreu aos 42 dias após a antese.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.274888

Scientific diving in Brazil: history, present and perspectives
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Leite, Tatiana S.

; Pinheiro, Igor E.

; Berchez, Flávio

; Bertoncini, Áthila A.

; Cima, Oswaldo M. Del

; Demetrescu, Irene E.

; Francini-Filho, Ronaldo B.

; Kikuchi, Ruy K.P

; Machado, Arthur A.

; Maia-Nogueira, Rodrigo

; Martins, Flavio L.

; Mendes, Liana F.

; Rambelli, Gilson

; Sampaio, Claudio L.S.

; Segal, Barbara

; Aguiar, Aline A.

; Auler, Augusto S.

; Barroco-Neto, José

; Bonaldo, Roberta M.

; Buchmann, Francisco S.

; Calippo, Flavio

; Cesar, Augusto

; Gama, Matheus A.C.

; Ghilardi-Lopes, Natalia

; Leão, Zelinda M.A.N.

; Lessa, Guilherme C.

; Menegola, Carla

; Pinheiro, Hudson T.

; Rocha, Luiz A.

; Sabino, José

; Seoane, José C.S.

; Sestokas, Julia

; Tiago, Cláudio C.

; Wegner, Ewerton

; Lotufo, Tito

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volumen 71 elocation e23045

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Scientific diving (SD) is defined as any diving activity that applies scientific procedures to produce subsidies for studies and technical works in underwater environments. The first report of an underwater scientific study in Brazil dates to the 19th century, in the Abrolhos reefs. Currently, in Brazil, scientific diving has been performed in various areas, from shallow coastal regions to remote and sometimes hard-to-reach places, such as oceanic islands, flooded caves, and icy areas like Antarctica. However, the regulation of SD in Brazil still lacks more concrete actions towards an effective and efficient self-regulation that offers physical safety to practitioners and institutional safeguards for organizations that use it in their research projects. Thus, this article aims to contribute to a better understanding of this critical issue in Brazil and to serve as a reference and incentive for the training of professionals and the development of these activities in the country. It includes: 1) a historical review of SD; 2) a diagnosis of the training and application of SD in Brazil; 3) the evolution of marine sciences in Brazil from the perspective of SD; 4) a review of the use of environmental assessment and underwater conservation techniques in oceans and internal waters; 5) an analysis of the evolution of scientific diver training in Brazil, including a diagnosis on training; 6) the history and updates of the rules, regulations, and safety of SD. Given all the potential of diving combined with specific techniques for research, monitoring, and marine and limnic science in Brazil, we aim to understand the evolution of scientific diving teaching and to outline perspectives in the country, as it is crucial for the training of qualified scientists capable of performing these underwater tasks. Finally, we present future plans for the development of this activity in Brazil from the point of view of research and the labor market.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.23036tsl

Hemochromatosis-like disease in Brazilian tapirs (Tapirus terrestris) in Pará state, Brazil
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LIMA, Adrielli Heloise dos Anjos

; NETO, Américo Meirelles

; CARDOSO, Rosekelly de Jesus

; SARMENTO, Natalia Maxine F. P.

; OLIVEIRA, Arieli Sousa de

; MOURA, Márcio Alan Oliveira

; GONZALEZ, Gerson Bladimir Escobar

; RIET-CORREA, Gabriela

; SOARES, Manoel Ananis Lopes

; BEZERRA JUNIOR, Pedro Soares

; AMARAL, Alessandra Scofield

; CERQUEIRA, Valíria Duarte

Acta Amazonica

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Dic 2022, Volumen 52 Nº 4 Paginas 303 - 306

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Relatamos dois casos de hemocromatose símile em antas brasileiras, Tapirus terrestris mantidas em cativeiro no estado do Pará, Brasil. Ambas apresentavam lesões de hepatopatia crônica e acentuada, associadas a acúmulo acentuado de hemossiderina. A coloração de Perls demonstrou acúmulo acentuado de ferro nos macrófagos do espaço porta, células de Kupffer e, em menor extensão, hepatócitos na região periportal. Havia, ainda, fibrose portal marcada evidenciada por tricrômico de Masson. Os mecanismos patológicos da doença em antas ainda não estão bem estabelecidos e tem sido sugerido que a espécie apresenta diferentes mecanismos de absorção e eliminação de ferro, sendo sensíveis à elevação dos níveis dietéticos desse metal. Existem dois relatos anteriores da doença em T. terrestres em zoológicos na Austrália e na Escócia. Este é o primeiro relato da doença em antas no Brasil.

ABSTRACT We report two cases of hemochromatosis-like disease in captive Brazilian tapirs, Tapirus terrestris in Pará state, Brazil. Both animals presented symptoms of chronic hepatopathy associated with marked accumulation of hemosiderin. The coloration of Perls demonstrated pronounced iron accumulation in macrophages in the portal space, Kupffer cells, and, to a lesser extent, in the hepatocytes of the periportal region. Marked portal fibrosis was evidenced by Masson’s trichrome. The pathological mechanisms of this disease in tapirs are not yet well established. It has been suggested that the species may have different mechanisms of iron absorption and elimination, rendering them sensitive to elevation in dietary levels of this metal. Two previous reports of this disease in T. terrestris exist from zoos in Australia and Scotland. This is the first report of this disease in tapirs in Brazil based on histopathological and histochemical findings.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202103581

Samanea tubulosa Benth. (Fabaceae): Antinociceptive effect on acute pain in mice: K+ATP channel and opioid activity
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ALIXANDRE, TAMNATA F.

; SOUSA, RENATO P.

; GOMES, BRUNO S.

; SILVA, ARÊTHA H.S.

; SOUSA NETO, BENEDITO P.

; SOUSA, ELCILENE A.

; LIMA, MARLUCE P.D.

; LOPES, EVERTON M.

; PIAUILINO, CELYANE A.

; NASCIMENTO, REJANE T.

; REIS FILHO, ANTÔNIO C.

; ALMEIDA, FERNANDA R.C.

; OLIVEIRA, FRANCISCO A.

; CHAVES, MARIANA H.

; COSTA, LUCIANA M.

; ALVES, MICHEL M. MORAES

; COSTA, AMILTON P.R.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volumen 94 Nº 2 elocation e20210715

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Samanea tubulosa Benth. it has been widely used in traditional medicine to treat inflammatory processes. The present study aimed to investigate the antinociceptive effect and mechanism of action of the fractions obtained from the Samanea tubulosa pods in mice. The antinociceptive activity was evaluated in formalin, capsaicin and glutamate tests and the. The possible mechanisms of action involved in the antinociceptive effect of the hexane and ethyl acetate fraction in the opioid system, also the the K + ATP channels and the L-arigine pathways of nitric oxide were evaluated. The chemical characterization analysis revealed in the hexane fraction the presence of triterpenes such as lupenone and lupeol. In the glutamate test, the hexane and ethyl acetate fractions showed antinociceptive activity at the dose of 12.5 and 25 mg kg-1. The antinociception produced by the hexane and ethyl acetate fractions was significantly reversed by naloxone, indicating that the fractions act through the opioid pathway. Antinociceptive response of the ethyl acetate fraction was blocked by glibenclamide, indicating that this fraction acts via the K + ATP channels activation. It is concluded that the fractions under study exert antinociceptive activity possibly related to the opioid route and through K+ ATP channels activation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220210175

10.

First case of canine visceral leishmaniasis in the midwestern of Santa Catarina State, Brazil
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Pinto, A. O.

; Carvalho, D.

; Frizzo, C.

; Lopes, K.

; Tessari, G. B.

; Catecati, T.

; Dhom-Lemos, L. C.

; Pasquali, A. K. S.

; Quaresma, P. F.

; Stoco, P. H.

; Grisard, E. C.

; Steindel, M.

; Wagner, G.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2022, Volumen 82 elocation e241162

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A Leishmaniose Visceral Canina (LVC) causada pela Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum e transmitida por flebotomíneos e é uma das principais zoonoses do Brasil que se encontra em expansão em estados da região sul do país, sendo os cães o principal reservatório urbano do parasito. O presente estudo investigou a ocorrência de LVC em dois municípios, Erval Velho e Herval d’Oeste localizados no meio-oeste de Santa Catarina. Para tanto, amostras de sangue periférico de 126 cães foram coletadas em ambas as cidades e submetidas à detecção de anticorpos anti-L. infantum por meio de testes de ELISA e imunofluorescência indireta (IFI), bem com a detecção de k-DNA pela reação em cadeia de polimerase (PCR). Além disso, também foram observados os sintomas clínicos e as condições ambientais associadas a esses animais. Dos cães examinados, 35,7% (45/126) foram positivos para pelo menos um dos três testes, dois cães (1,6%) foram positivos em todos os três testes, 12 cães (9,5%) foram positivos tanto no ELISA quanto na IFI, enquanto 21 cães (16,7%) foram positivos para ELISA e 15 (11,9%) para o IFI. A amplificação do k-DNA de L. infantum foi positiva em 9 dos 126 cães (7,1%). Entre os cães positivos seis apresentaram um ou mais sintomas clínicos correlacionados com a LVC. Esses resultados confirmaram a ocorrência de LVC na região e destacaram a importância do monitoramento e implementação de medidas de controle para a LVC nessa região

Abstract Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum is transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies and a major zoonotic disease in Brazil. Due to the southward expansion of the disease within the country and the central role of dogs as urban reservoirs of the parasite, we have investigated the occurrence of CVL in two municipalities Erval Velho and Herval d’Oeste in the Midwest region of Santa Catarina state. Peripheral blood samples from 126 dogs were collected in both cities and tested for anti-L. infantum antibodies by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and indirect immunofluorescence reaction (IIF) and for the presence of parasite DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in peripheral blood. From examined dogs, 35.71% (45/126) were positive for at least one of the three tests and two (1.6%) were positive in all performed tests. Twelve dogs (9.5%) were positive for both ELISA and IIF, while 21 dogs were exclusively positive for ELISA (16.7%), and 15 (11.9%) for IIF. L. infantum k-DNA was detected by PCR in 9 out of 126 dogs (7.1%) and clinical symptoms compatible with CVL were observed for 6 dogs. Taken together, these results indicate the transmission of CVL in this region, highlighting the needs for epidemiological surveillance and implementation of control measures for CVL transmission in this region.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.241162 1110 descargas

11.

Light quality and dormancy overcoming in seed germination of Echium plantagineum L. (Boraginaceae)
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Roso, R.

; Nunes, U. R.

; Müller, C. A.

; Paranhos, J. T.

; Lopes, S. J.

; Dornelles, S. H. B.

; Bertagnolli, C. M.

; Huth, C.

; Forte, C. T.

; Menegaes, J. F.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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Sep 2021, Volumen 81 Nº 3 Paginas 650 - 656

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A luz é considerada um fator que influencia a germinação das sementes de muitas espécies de plantas daninhas, podendo sinalizar se as condições ambientais são favoráveis ou não para a germinação. Objetivou-se estudar se há influência da qualidade da luz e superação de dormência na germinação de sementes de Echium plantagineum L. Realizou-se um experimento fatorial 2 x 6, com e sem superação de dormência com nitrato de potássio seguido pela imersão em ácido giberélico; seis qualidades de luz, obtidas através de filtros de luz: azul, verde, vermelho, vermelho-distante, luz branca e ausência de luz. As avaliações realizadas foram índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG), tempo médio de germinação (TMG), germinação aos quatro e 14 dias após a semeadura (DAS), germinação acumulada e frequência relativa de germinação. Observou-se interação significativa entre as qualidades de luz e a superação ou não de dormência das sementes para as variáveis estudadas. Não houve efeito significativo das qualidades de luz, nas variáveis avaliadas, ao realizar superação de dormência, apresentando germinação acima de 90% em todas as qualidades de luz. Todavia, sem superação de dormência, observou-se maior IVG, germinação aos quatro e 14 DAS para o filtro de luz vermelha com 5,4, 29 e 45%, respectivamente. Quando as sementes foram submetidas à ausência de luz, e sem superação de dormência, houve apenas 7% de germinação aos 14 DAS. As sementes de E. plantagineum apresentam maior germinação sob incidência de luz vermelha, sem superação de dormência, sendo classificadas como fotoblásticas positivas preferenciais, desde que não seja superada a dormência.

Abstract Light is considered a factor that influences the seed germination of many weed species, and it can signal whether the environmental conditions are favorable or are not favorable for germination. We aimed to study if there is an influence of light quality and dormancy overcoming in seed germination of Echium plantagineum L. We carried out a 2 x 6 factorial experiment, with and without dormancy overcoming with potassium nitrate followed by immersion in gibberellic acid; six light qualities, obtained through the light filters: blue, green, red, far-red, white light and absence of light. The evaluations performed were germination speed index (GSI), average germination time (AGT), germination at the four and 14 days after seeding (DAS), accumulated germination and relative frequency of germination. We observed significant interaction among the light qualities and seed dormancy overcoming or not for the studied variables. There was no significant effect of light qualities, in the evaluated variables, when performing dormancy overcoming, presenting germination above 90% in all the light qualities. However, without dormancy overcoming, we observed greater GSI, germination at four and 14 DAS for the red light filter with 5, 4, 29 and 45%, respectively. When the seeds were submitted to the absence of light, and without dormancy overcoming, there was only 7% of germination at 14 DAS. The seeds of E. plantagineum presented greater germination under incidence of red light, without dormancy overcoming, being classified as preferably positively photoblastics, provided that the dormancy is not overcome.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.228777 696 descargas

12.

REDUçãO DE CO2 EM HIDROCARBONETOS E OXIGENADOS: FUNDAMENTOS, ESTRATéGIAS E DESAFIOS
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Silva, Gelson T. S. T. da

; Lopes, Osmando F.

; Dias, Eduardo H.

; Torres, Juliana A.

; Nogueira, André E.

; Faustino, Leandro A.

; Prado, Fernando S.

; Patrocínio, Antônio O. T.

; Ribeiro, Caue

Química Nova

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Ago 2021, Volumen 44 Nº 8 Paginas 963 - 981

Resumen: Pt | Texto: Pt | PDF: Pt

CO2 REDUCTION TO HYDROCARBONS AND OXYGENATES: FUNDAMENTALS, STRATEGIES AND CHALLENGES. The development of renewable energy sources (e.g., solar and wind) moves foward, the tendance for replacing fossil fuels increases. However, these technologies have as primary barriers to industrial processes’ efficiency and especially storage. Thus, CO2 reduction routes using these energy sources could chemically store part of the energy as fuels or chemicals, offering alternatives to current oil and gas industry. This process is inspired by photosynthesis, e.g., photochemical or electrochemical processes, using homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts. Nevertheless, this reaction is thermodynamically unfavorable and has very slow kinetics, given the high stability of the CO2 molecule and the complexity of the redox reactions involved. Therefore, this review addresses this process’s kinetic and thermodynamic challenges, and the fundamental concepts of the photo(electro)chemical processes for CO2 reduction, besides presenting and discussing the materials with the potential to act as catalysts. The main reaction mechanisms and advances in the understanding of such processes are discussed, as well as future perspectives

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170745 107 descargas

13.

Diagnosis and treatment of HEp-2 cells contaminated with mycoplasma
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Lopes, B. R. P.

; Ribeiro, A. G.

; Silva, T. F.

; Barbosa, L. V.

; Jesus, T. I.

; Matsuda, B. K.

; Costa, M. F.

; Toledo, K. A.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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Feb 2021, Volumen 81 Nº 1 Paginas 37 - 43

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A contaminação de culturas primárias e celulares por micoplasmas é uma das principais armadilhas econômicas e biológicas da pesquisa básica, diagnóstico e fabricação de produtos biotecnológicos. Trata-se de uma contaminação rotineira, mas de difícil acompanhamento. A presença de micoplasma pode afetar vários parâmetros fisiológicos da célula, além de ser considerada uma importante fonte de resultados científicos imprecisos e/ou não reprodutíveis. Cada tipo de célula apresenta sintomas característicos, principalmente morfológicos, que indicam uma contaminação por micoplasma. As células HEp-2 são originárias do carcinoma da laringe e, portanto, fazem parte do trato respiratório, um dos habitats do micoplasma. Apesar da importância destas células em diversas pesquisas biológicas (avaliação da proliferação e migração celular, apoptose, compostos antivirais e antitumorais), as alterações decorrentes da contaminação por micoplasma nestas células ainda não foi descrita. Aqui, descrevemos as alterações morfológicas progressivas na cultura de células HEp-2 infectadas por micoplasma, bem como o diagnóstico da infecção e seu tratamento. A contaminação por micoplasma descrita neste trabalho resultou em alongamento citoplasmático, espaçamento entre células, projeções delgadas da membrana plasmática, vacúolos citoplasmáticos, fusão de células vizinhas e, finalmente, morte celular. A contaminação foi detectada por imagens de fluorescência (DAPI) e reações de PCR. As culturas foram tratadas com antibiótico BM-Cyclin para eliminar a contaminação. Os dados aqui apresentados serão de relevância para pesquisadores cujas investigações envolvem cultura celular, principalmente células respiratórias e HEp-2.

Abstract Contamination of primary and cell cultures by mycoplasmas is one of the main economic and biological pitfalls in basic research, diagnosis and manufacture of biotechnological products. It is a common issue which may be difficult to conduct surveillance on. Mycoplasma presence may affect several physiological parameters of the cell, besides being considered an important source of inaccurate and/or non-reproducible scientific results. Each cell type presents characteristical symptoms, mainly morphological, that indicate a contamination by mycoplasma. HEp-2 cells originate from carcinoma of the larynx and are, therefore, part of the respiratory tract, which is one of mycoplasma habitats. Despite the importance these cells in several biological research (evaluation of cell proliferation and migration, apoptosis, antiviral and antitumor compounds), the alterations induced by mycoplasma contamination in HEp-2 cells have not yet been described. Here, we describe the progressive morphological alterations in culture of HEp-2 cells infected with mycoplasma, as well as the-diagnosis of the infection and its treatment. Mycoplasma contamination described within this work led to cytoplasm elongation, cell-to-cell spacing, thin plasma membrane projections, cytoplasmic vacuoles, fusion with neighboring cells, and, finally, cell death. Contamination was detected by fluorescence imaging (DAPI) and PCR reactions. The cultures were treated with BM-Cyclin antibiotic to eliminate contamination. The data presented here will be of relevance to researchers whose investigations involve cell culture, especially respiratory and HEp-2 cells.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.215721 968 descargas

14.

Dental Findings in Kabuki Syndrome: A Systematic Review for Dentistry
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Barbosa-Lima, Ricardo

; Lopes, Amanda

; N. F. de Moura, Juliely

; Ribeiro, Sabrina N.

; Cardoso, Matheus S. N. T.

Odovtos International Journal of Dental Sciences

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Ago 2020, Volumen 22 Nº 2 Paginas 62 - 71

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen: El síndrome de Kabuki consiste en una serie de anomalías congénitas que involucran discapacidad intelectual, hipotonía y dismorfismo facial y corporal. Además de estos signos cardinales, con frecuencia se observan cambios craneofaciales y dentales, aunque no se entienden completamente. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este artículo es presentar los hallazgos dentales en pacientes con síndrome de Kabuki. Esta es una revisión sistemática desarrollada de acuerdo con el protocolo PRISMA. Se aplicó una estrategia de búsqueda con descriptores ("síndrome de kabuki" AND "odontología") a seis bases de datos. Como criterios de inclusión, seleccionamos informes de casos clínicos que abordaban los hallazgos dentales en uno o más pacientes con síndrome de Kabuki entre 1999 y 2019, sin restricciones de género, edad o idioma. La recolección de datos en todas las bases de datos fue realizada por un evaluador calibrado y los títulos, resúmenes y estudios de texto completo fueron analizados sistemáticamente. Se encontraron once informes de casos que se ajustan a los criterios de inclusión propuestos. Después de la síntesis cualitativa, la ausencia de dientes o la agenesia fueron los hallazgos más reportados, siendo observados por nueve autores. Los hallazgos dentales menos frecuentes en pacientes con este síndrome son taurodoncia, microdoncia, fusión, geminación y dientes cónicos o con forma de destornillador. De hecho, cuando cualquier síndrome o condición genética se relaciona con manifestaciones de interés dental, el cirujano dental debe poder investigarlas, especialmente la agenesia o ausencia de los dientes. Por esta razón, el dentista debe ser consciente de las manifestaciones del síndrome de Kabuki, lo que contribuye a la comprensión y el manejo de los pacientes.

Abstract: Kabuki syndrome consists in a series of congenital anomalies involving intellectual disability, hypotonia, and facial and body dysmorphism. In addition to these cardinal signs, craniofacial and dental changes are frequently observed, although they are not fully understood. Thus, the aim of this article is to present the dental findings in patients with Kabuki syndrome. This is a systematic review developed according to the PRISMA protocol. A search strategy with descriptors ("kabuki syndrome" AND "dentistry") was applied to six databases. As inclusion criteria, we selected clinical case reports that addressed dental findings in one or more patients with Kabuki syndrome between 1999 and 2019, without restrictions regarding gender, age or language. Data collection in all databases was performed by a calibrated evaluator and titles, abstracts and full-text studies were systematically analyzed. Eleven case reports that fit the proposed inclusion criteria were found. After the qualitative synthesis, teeth absence or agenesis were the most reported findings, being observed by nine authors. Less frequent dental findings in patients with this syndrome are taurodontism, microdontia, fusion, gemination and conical or screwdriver-shaped teeth. In fact, when any syndrome or genetic condition is related to manifestations of dental interest, the dental surgeon should be able to investigate them, especially teeth agenesis or absence. For this reason, the dentist should be aware of the manifestations of Kabuki syndrome, contributing to patients' understanding and management.

https://doi.org/10.15517/ijds.2020.40798

15.

SPECIATION ANALYSIS OF ARSENIC IN RICE USING HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY COUPLED WITH HYDRIDE GENERATION ATOMIC FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRY (HPLC-HG-AFS)
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Borges, Gabriella A.

; Souza, Guilhermina de O.

; Lopes, Patrícia S. F.

; Ciminelli, Virginia S. T.

; Caldeira, Claudia L.

; Rodrigues, Guilherme D.

Química Nova

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Jun 2020, Volumen 43 Nº 6 Paginas 697 - 704

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The aim of this work was to develop a method using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HPLC-HG-AFS) for the determination and speciation analysis of the inorganic and organic species of arsenic found most often in rice samples: As(V), As(III), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA). The best chromatographic resolution was obtained using pH 6.2, a phosphate buffer mobile phase concentration of 20 mmol L-1 and flow rate of 0.57 mL min-1, HCl concentration of 5.55% (v/v), and NaBH4 concentration of 0.90% (w/v). The accuracy of the method was confirmed by the low relative error values obtained for analysis of a certified reference material (NIST 1568b): 6.63% (total inorganic As), 3.44% (DMA), 0% (MMA), and 0.53% (total As). In recovery tests, the proposed method achieved satisfactory recoveries in the range 86-110%.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170543 413 descargas

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