ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between bacterial vaginosis and cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in young and adult women. METHODS This systematic review and meta-analysis was based on the Prisma methodological guidelines. PubMed and Web of Science were searched using the following descriptors: “bacterial vaginosis and HPV”, in June 2019. Articles published from 2012 to 2019 were included. Inclusion criteria were original studies that investigated the association between bacterial vaginosis and cervical HPV infection; articles published in English, Spanish or Portuguese; studies conducted in young and adult, non-pregnant, non-HIV-infected women; studies that used the Nugent criteria for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis and studies in which the detection of HPV used the polymerase chain reaction technique. Assembled data, odds ratio (OR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated for the association between bacterial vaginosis and cervical HPV infection using random-effects models. A bilateral value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULT Six studies were selected for analysis and demonstrated association between bacterial vaginosis and cervical HPV infection (OR = 2.68; 95%CI: 1.64–4.40; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Bacterial vaginosis was considered a risk factor for cervical HPV infection, since women with bacterial vaginosis were more likely to be infected with HPV.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between bacterial vaginosis and cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in young and adult women. METHODS This systematic review and meta-analysis was based on the Prisma methodological guidelines. PubMed and Web of Science were searched using the following descriptors: “bacterial vaginosis and HPV”, in June 2019. Articles published from 2012 to 2019 were included. Inclusion criteria were original studies that investigated the association between bacterial vaginosis and cervical HPV infection; articles published in English, Spanish or Portuguese; studies conducted in young and adult, non-pregnant, non-HIV-infected women; studies that used the Nugent criteria for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis and studies in which the detection of HPV used the polymerase chain reaction technique. Assembled data, odds ratio (OR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated for the association between bacterial vaginosis and cervical HPV infection using random-effects models. A bilateral value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULT Six studies were selected for analysis and demonstrated association between bacterial vaginosis and cervical HPV infection (OR = 2.68; 95%CI: 1.64–4.40; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Bacterial vaginosis was considered a risk factor for cervical HPV infection, since women with bacterial vaginosis were more likely to be infected with HPV.

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é estimar a prevalência e os fatores associados ao uso de álcool durante a gestação. Estudo de corte transversal em uma amostra de 361 gestantes de um serviço de referência à assistência ginecológica e pré-natal. Os dados relacionados às características sociodemográficas, uso de álcool e potenciais fatores associados foram coletados por meio de entrevista face a face. Análise de regressão de Poisson com variância robusta foi utilizada para verificar os fatores associados ao desfecho analisado. O consumo de álcool na amostra estudada foi de 17,7% (IC 95%: IC 95%: 14,1-22,0%). Antecedentes de diabetes pré-gestacional ou gestacional, ideação suicida e uso de tabaco nos últimos 30 dias foi associado ao uso de álcool durante a gestação (p < 0,05). O estudo apontou alta prevalência de uso de álcool na gestação atual e a sua associação com importantes fatores. Ações como rastreio para o álcool e aconselhamentos sobre os problemas associados ao uso dessa substância principalmente no pré-natal podem contribuir para redução efetiva ou anulação do seu uso em gestantes e agravos materno-fetais relacionados.

Abstract The scope of this article is to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with alcohol use during pregnancy. It involved a cross-sectional study in a sample of 361 pregnant women in a reference service for gynecological and prenatal care. The data related to socio-demographic characteristics, alcohol use and potential associated factors were collected through face-to-face interviews. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to identify factors associated with the outcome analyzed. The consumption of alcohol in the sample was 17.7% (95% CI: 95% CI: 14.1% to 22.0%). A history of pre-gestational or gestational diabetes, suicidal ideation and tobacco use in the last 30 days was associated with alcohol use during pregnancy (p < 0.05). The study showed a high prevalence of alcohol use during the current pregnancy and its association with important factors. Actions such as screening for alcohol and advice on problems associated with the use of this substance, especially during the prenatal period, can contribute to effective reduction of alcohol use in pregnant women and related maternal and fetal injuries.

ABSTRACT Infection control measures have been responsible for a decline in the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in hemodialysis patients. In Brazil, these measures have been in place since 1996. The aim of this study was to evaluate the current HBV and HCV epidemiology among hemodialysis patients in the State of Tocantins comparing them with those found 14 years ago. There was a significant decline in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HCV prevalence from 4% and 13% in 2001 to 0.8% and 2.8% in 2014-2015, respectively (p < 0.05). Variables related to hemodialysis environment such as working shift and length of time on hemodialysis treatment were no longer associated to HCV and HBV exposure in 2014-2015. A high prevalence of self-reported hepatitis B vaccination was observed in both periods, but only 30% of the individuals showed serological profile of effective previous immunization, suggesting a low compliance with surveillance of hepatitis B immunization in hemodialysis centers. The significant decline in viral hepatitis B and C prevalence in hemodialysis patients in Tocantins underscores the importance of infection control measures, but the low frequency of protective serological profile after immunization against hepatitis B points to the need for greater vigilance of the patients’ vaccination.

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é estimar a prevalência e os fatores associados ao uso de álcool durante a gestação. Estudo de corte transversal em uma amostra de 361 gestantes de um serviço de referência à assistência ginecológica e pré-natal. Os dados relacionados às características sociodemográficas, uso de álcool e potenciais fatores associados foram coletados por meio de entrevista face a face. Análise de regressão de Poisson com variância robusta foi utilizada para verificar os fatores associados ao desfecho analisado. O consumo de álcool na amostra estudada foi de 17,7% (IC 95%: IC 95%: 14,1-22,0%). Antecedentes de diabetes pré-gestacional ou gestacional, ideação suicida e uso de tabaco nos últimos 30 dias foi associado ao uso de álcool durante a gestação (p < 0,05). O estudo apontou alta prevalência de uso de álcool na gestação atual e a sua associação com importantes fatores. Ações como rastreio para o álcool e aconselhamentos sobre os problemas associados ao uso dessa substância principalmente no pré-natal podem contribuir para redução efetiva ou anulação do seu uso em gestantes e agravos materno-fetais relacionados.

Abstract The scope of this article is to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with alcohol use during pregnancy. It involved a cross-sectional study in a sample of 361 pregnant women in a reference service for gynecological and prenatal care. The data related to socio-demographic characteristics, alcohol use and potential associated factors were collected through face-to-face interviews. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to identify factors associated with the outcome analyzed. The consumption of alcohol in the sample was 17.7% (95% CI: 95% CI: 14.1% to 22.0%). A history of pre-gestational or gestational diabetes, suicidal ideation and tobacco use in the last 30 days was associated with alcohol use during pregnancy (p < 0.05). The study showed a high prevalence of alcohol use during the current pregnancy and its association with important factors. Actions such as screening for alcohol and advice on problems associated with the use of this substance, especially during the prenatal period, can contribute to effective reduction of alcohol use in pregnant women and related maternal and fetal injuries.