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Resumen Antecedentes: Se evalúa la influencia de la heterogeneidad ambiental en la comunidad de palmas a escala del paisaje en el límite norte de la distribución de la selva tropical húmeda en América. Preguntas: ¿Cómo la heterogeneidad a nivel de paisaje (edáfica, topográfica, así como la densidad, diversidad y biomasa arbórea) influye en la distribución de las especies de palma en una reserva forestal afectada por la defaunación? Sitio y años de estudio: El estudio se realizó en la Estación de Biológica Tropical Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, México, en 2020. Métodos: Se delinearon unidades de paisaje (UP) basadas en suelo y geomorfología, se obtuvieron datos de la riqueza y abundancia de los árboles para caracterizar la heterogeneidad ambiental. Se analizó como influye la heterogeneidad ambiental en la composición, riqueza y abundancia de las especies de palma. Resultados: La abundancia y composición de las especies de palmas difirió entre las UP, en ambos casos fueron influenciadas por la presencia de fragmentos gruesos del suelo, altitud, inclinación de la pendiente y precipitación anual. La riqueza y densidad de árboles afectaron significativamente a la comunidad de palmas, pero sólo cuando se analizaron en combinación con variables edáficas y topográficas. Conclusiones: Los resultados revelan que existe una marcada heterogeneidad edáfica y topográfica que influye en la distribución de las especies de palmas a escala de paisaje, por lo que el enfoque de la heterogeneidad ambiental permite asociar la variación abiótica con los patrones de distribución de las especies y su coexistencia en comunidades tropicales altamente diversas.

Abstract Background: Our study presents the first assessment of the relationships between environmental heterogeneity and the palm community at the landscape scale at the northern boundary of tropical rainforest distribution in America. Question: How does landscape-level heterogeneity (edaphic, topographic as well as the density, diversity, and tree biomass) shapes the palm community in a protected reserve affected by defaunation? Study site and date: The study was carried out in Los Tuxtlas Tropical Biology Station, Veracruz, Mexico (2020). Methods: We delineated landscape units (LUs) based on soil and geomorphology to characterize the biophysical mosaic. We built rank-abundance curves to compare the palm richness and their abundance among LUs. Permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) and nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) were applied to detect shifts in the palm community across LUs. Results: Integrating abiotic and biotic components by delimiting LUs allowed us to evaluate the multifactorial effect of environmental heterogeneity on the palm community. The density and composition of the palms changed significantly among the LUs, influenced by soil coarse fragments, elevation, slope inclination, and annual precipitation. Tree richness and density had a significant effect on the palm community only when analyzed in combination with the soil-topography variables. Conclusions: The results reveal that there is high edaphic and topographic heterogeneity that influences palm species distribution at the landscape scale. The environmental heterogeneity approach allows capturing novel abiotic variation to explain the distribution patterns of palm species and their coexistence in highly diverse tropical communities.

https://doi.org/10.17129/botsci.3204

Manejo del aneurisma de arteria ilíaca. Revisión bibliográfica
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Arias-Rodríguez, Fabián D.

; Alarcón-Salas, Iván D.

; Anda, Daniela E.

; Miranda-Villagómez, Andrea F.

; Bustillos-Rodríguez, Álvaro V.

; Carvajal-Barzallo, Kevin A.

; Barbosa-Velasteguí, Xiomara A.

; Romero-Tumbaco, Flor P.

; Granja-Caiza, Jennifer D.

; González-Miranda, Kelly S.

Revista mexicana de angiología

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Jun 2023, Volumen 51 Nº 2 Paginas 55 - 64

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Los aneurismas de arteria ilíaca solitarios son menos frecuentes que otros aneurismas de grandes vasos, siendo en la mayoría detectados junto con un aneurisma de aorta abdominal concomitante. Comparten la misma etiología aterosclerótica-degenerativa, siendo así que sus factores de riesgo son los mismos que para otros aneurismas. Generalmente son asintomáticos y se detectan incidentalmente, y cuando son sintomáticos, están en relación con la compresión de estructuras adyacentes y la ruptura del aneurisma. Los aneurismas de la arteria ilíaca común son los más comunes, seguidos de los aneurismas ilíacos internos y luego externos. Actualmente existe una variedad de opciones quirúrgicas abiertas, endovasculares e híbridas para tratar los aneurismas de la arteria ilíaca. La anatomía de la arteria ilíaca común con respecto al cuello proximal y distal, la afectación de la bifurcación ilíaca y la elección de preservar la arteria ilíaca interna ipsilateral juegan un papel en el proceso de decisión hacia el método de tratamiento preferido.

Abstract Isolated iliac artery aneurysms are less common than other large-vessel aneurysms, and most are detected together with a concomitant abdominal aortic aneurysm. It shares the same atherosclerotic-degenerative etiology since its risk factors are the same as for other aneurysms. They are generally asymptomatic, being detected incidentally and when they are symptomatic, they are related to the compression of adjacent structures and the rupture of the aneurysm. Common iliac artery aneurysms are the most common, followed by internal and then external iliac aneurysms. Currently, a variety of open, endovascular, and hybrid surgical options exist to treat iliac artery aneurysms. The anatomy of the common iliac artery with respect to the proximal and distal neck, the involvement of the iliac bifurcation, and the choice to preserve the ipsilateral internal iliac artery all play a role in the decision process towards the preferred method of treatment.

https://doi.org/10.24875/rma.22000043

Methods for determining the emission of greenhouse gases in swine farming
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Nunes, Emanuele H.

; Pecoraro, César A.

; Gonçalves, João C.

; Miranda, Késia O. da S.

; Oliveira, Paulo A. V. de

; Bumbieris Junior, Valter H.

; Tavares Filho, João

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Mar 2023, Volumen 27 Nº 3 Paginas 195 - 201

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Os sistemas de produção de suínos contribuem com emissões de gases de efeito estufa (dióxido de carbono - CO2, óxido nitroso - N2O e metano - CH4) e amônia - NH3 para a atmosfera. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar metodologias para determinação das emissões de amônia e gases de efeito estufa em uma unidade de produção comercial de suínos durante a fase de terminação, que possui ventilação natural. Foram medidas as concentrações de gases no ar pelo analisador de gases (INNOVA 1412) e foi calculada a vazão de emissões considerando a taxa de ventilação e as diferenças de concentração de gases entre o interior e o exterior da instalação. Os resultados mostraram que a vazão de emissão obtida pela metodologia simplificada em [g suíno por hora] foi: 2,689 para CO2, 0,30 para N2O, 4,39 para CH4, 13,55 para NH3 e 3,273 para vapor d’água. A vazão obtida para a metodologia contínua em [g suíno por hora] foi de 574 para CO2, 0,67 para N2O, 19,50 para CH4, 5,84 para NH3 e 7,2 para vapor d’água. A metodologia simplificada foi altamente precisa para estimar as emissões de GEE em sistemas de produção de suínos com ventilação natural.

ABSTRACT Swine production systems contribute to emission of greenhouse gases (CO2, N2O, and CH4) and ammonia (NH3) into the atmosphere. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate methods for determining the emissions of ammonia and greenhouse gases (GHG) in a commercial swine production unit with natural ventilation during the finishing phase. The concentrations of gases in the air were measured using a gas analyzer (INNOVA 1412), and the flow emission was calculated by considering the ventilation rate and the differences in gas concentration between the interior and exterior of the installation. The results showed that the emission flow obtained via the simplified method in [g per swine h-1] was 2.689, 0.30, 4.39, 13.55, and 3.273 for CO2, N2O, CH4, NH3, and water vapor, respectively. The flow obtained using the continuous method in [g per swine h-1] was 574, 0.67, 19.50, 5.84, and 7.2 for CO2, N2O, CH4, NH3, and water vapor, respectively. The proposed simplified method was highly accurate for estimating GHG emissions from swine production systems with natural ventilation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n3p195-201

Guía de práctica clínica para el manejo del cáncer de pulmón de células pequeñas: enfermedad limitada
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Cabrera-Miranda, Luis A.

; Lozano-Ruiz, Francisco J.

; Blake-Cerda, Mónika

; Corona-Cruz, José F.

; Sánchez-Reyes, Roberto

; Pérez-Álvarez, Sandra I.

; Díaz-García, Diego A.

; Álvarez-Bojórquez, Mario E.

; Rivera-Márquez, Raúl

; López-Saucedo, Raúl A.

; Bolaño-Guerra, Laura M.

; Maldonado-Magos, Federico

; Aldaco-Sarvide, Fernando

; Alvarado-Zermeño, Adriana

; Barajas-Figueroa, Luis J.

; Bautista-Aragón, Yolanda

; Bolaños-Morales, Francina V.

; Castillo-Ortega, Graciano

; Félix-Leyva, Jesús A.

; Gerson-Cwilich, Raquel

; Guzmán-de Alba, Enrique

; López-Galindo, Ángel A.

; Mariscal-Ramírez, Carlos

; Piñeiro-Retif, Rafael

; Ramos-Prudencio, Rubí

; Rodríguez-Cid, Jerónimo

; Silva-Bravo, Fernando

; Arrieta, Óscar

Gaceta mexicana de oncología

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Mar 2023, Volumen 22 Nº 1 Paginas 3 - 23

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Antecedentes: El cáncer de células pequeñas (CPCP) representa el 13-15% del total de neoplasias primarias de pulmón. Se caracteriza por su rapidez en la tasa de crecimiento y en el desarrollo de metástasis a distancia. Objetivos: Orientar y estandarizar el tratamiento del CPCP, enfermedad limitada, en México, basado en evidencia clínica nacional e internacional. Material y métodos: Este documento se desarrolló como una colaboración entre el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología y la Sociedad Mexicana de Oncología en cumplimiento con estándares internacionales. Se integró un grupo conformado por oncólogos médicos, cirujanos oncólogos, cirujanos de tórax, radio-oncólogos y metodólogos con experiencia en revisiones sistemáticas de la literatura y guías de práctica clínica. Resultados: Se consensuaron, por el método Delphi y en reuniones a distancia, las recomendaciones en CPCP enfermedad limitada, producto de las preguntas de trabajo. Se identificó y evaluó críticamente la evidencia científica que responde a cada una de dichas preguntas clínicas, antes de incorporarla a la guía. Conclusión: Esta guía proporciona recomendaciones clínicas para el manejo de la enfermedad limitada del CPCP y durante el proceso de toma de decisiones de los clínicos involucrados con su manejo en nuestro país para mejorar la calidad de la atención clínica en estos pacientes.

Abstract Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) represents 13-15% of all primary lung neoplasms and is characterized by rapid growth rate and development of distant metastases. Objectives: To guide and standardize the treatment of limited disease small cell lung cancer in Mexico based on national and international clinical evidence. Material and methods: This document was developed as a collaboration between the National Cancer Institute and the Mexican Society of Oncology in compliance with international standards. An interdisciplinary group was formed, including medical oncologists, oncological surgeons, thoracic surgeons, radiation oncologists, and methodologists with experience in systematic reviews of the literature and clinical practice guidelines. Results: Consensus recommendations were reached, both by the Delphi method and in remote meetings, for limited SCLC disease resulting from the same number of work questions. The scientific evidence that answers each of these clinical questions was identified and critically evaluated, before being incorporated into the body of evidence of the guide. Conclusion: This guide provides clinical recommendations for the management of limited disease SCLC to contribute to the decision-making process of the clinicians involved with its management in our country, hoping that this will contribute to improving the quality of clinical care in these patients.

https://doi.org/10.24875/j.gamo.22000121

Evaluation of nutritional composition of flour residue of mangaba processing
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Vasconcelos, K. M. C. S. G.

; Costa, J. G.

; Pavão, J. M. S. J.

; Fonseca, S. A.

; Miranda, P. R. B.

; Matos-Rocha, T. J.

; Freitas, J. D.

; Sousa, J. S.

; Melo, I. S. V.

; Santos, A. F.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volumen 83 elocation e248931

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Dentre as diversas frutas a mangaba (Hancornia speciosa Gomes), despertou interesse de produtores e consumidores devido às suas características sensoriais atrativas e propriedades benéficas à saúde (elevado valor nutricional e presença de substâncias bioativas), assim, o trabalho avaliar os fatores nutricionais do resíduo da farinha de processamento de mangaba que é desprezado pela indústria alimentícia e, a influência da temperatura na sua produção. O resíduo de processamento da mangaba foi dividido em dois lotes, sendo um deles utilizado para as análises in natura (amostra controle) e o outro para a confecção da farinha que foi seca a 50 °C, e dividida em dois lotes: tratamento A (farinha com torras a 110 °C e 130 °C) e no tratamento B (farinha oriunda da secagem a 50 °C). Analisou-se as características nutricionais de farinhas considerando os parâmetros químicos: pH, acidez total titulável e sólidos solúveis, além da determinação do teor de umidade, lipídios totais, fibra alimentar total e cinzas, valor energético total, atividade antioxidante, triagem fitoquímica, quantificação de compostos fenólicos e flavonoides, bem como as propriedades funcionais tecnológicas (índice de absorção de água (IAA), índice de solubilidade em água (ISA), índice de absorção de leite (IAL) e índice de solubilidade em leite (ISL) e índice de absorção de óleo (IAO). Na análise foi inferido que os compostos bioativos presentes nos extratos não possuem propriedades significativas de agir como sequestradores de radicais livres. O tratamento térmico, realizado na farinha de resíduos de processamento de mangaba, influenciou nos dados dos fatores nutricionais e das propriedades de absorção e solubilidade, os quais apresentaram diferenças estatísticas. Estes resultados credenciam a farinha como uma alternativa viável para o enriquecimento energético de dietas, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento de novos produtos, a redução do descarte desses resíduos e consequentemente para a minimização do impacto ambiental.

Abstract Among several fruits, mangaba (Hancornia speciosa Gomes), it aroused the interest of producers and consumers due to its attractive sensory characteristics and health beneficial properties (high nutritional value and presence of bioactive substances), thus, this work evaluates the nutritional factors of the flour residue of mangaba processing that is despised by the food industry, and the influence of temperature on its production. The mangaba processing residue was splited in two main groups: in natura sample (control), and other for preparation of flour that was dried at 50 °C and divided into two other groups: treatment A (flour with roasts at 110 °C and 130 °C) and treatment B (flour from drying at 50 °C). The nutritional characteristics of flours were analyzed considering the chemical parameters: pH, titratable total acidity and soluble solids, in addition to the determination of moisture content, total lipids, total dietary fiber and ash, total energy value, antioxidant activity, phytochemical screening, quantification of phenolic compounds and flavonoids, as well as technological functional properties (water absorption index (WAI), water solubility index (WSI), milk absorption index (MAI) and milk solubility index (MSI) and oil absorption index (OAI). The results showed that the bioactive compounds present in the extracts do not have significant properties of acting as free radical kidnappers. The heat treatment, performed in the flour of mangaba processing residues, influenced the nutritional factors and properties of absorption and solubility, which showed statistical differences. These results show that the flour is a viable alternative for the energy enrichment of diets, contributing to the development of new products, the reduction of the disposal of these residues and consequently to the minimization of the environmental impact.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.248931 116 descargas

Immunopathological evaluation of oral squamous cell carcinomas: a case series
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Souza, Vinícius G. de

; Santos, Damilys J.

; Araújo, Tatiana S.

; Silva, Ana G.

; Ribeiro, Rosy I.

; Loyola, Adriano M.

; Cardoso, Sérgio V.

; Siqueira-Miranda, Carla S.

; Cardoso, Ludimila P.

Gaceta mexicana de oncología

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2023, Volumen 22 Supl. 1 Paginas 100 - 104

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen La evaluación de la expresión del ligando 1 de muerte programada (PD-L1) es un criterio de elegibilidad para la inmunoterapia anti-PD-L1 en el carcinoma oral de células escamosas (COCE). También deben evaluarse otros componentes del microambiente tisular. Aquí se informaron cuatro casos de carcinoma de células escamosas orales. Se realizaron análisis histopatológicos del grado tumoral y TIL (infiltrado inflamatorio asociado a tumor) e inmunohistoquímica para CD4, CD8 y PD-L1. Los casos se clasificaron según el microambiente tisular en resistencia inmunitaria adaptativa, ignorancia inmunológica, tolerancia o inducción intrínseca. Este análisis destaca la importancia de comprender el microambiente inmunológico que puede presentar el COCE para la identificación de dianas terapéuticas más eficaces contra la enfermedad.

Abstract The evaluation of the expression of programmed cell death protein (PD-L1) is an eligibility criterion for anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Other components of tissue microenvironment should also be evaluated. Here, four cases of oral squamous cells carcinoma were reported. Histopathological analysis of tumor grade and TILs and immunohistochemistry for CD4, CD8, and PD-L1 was done. The cases were classified according to the tissue microenvironment in adaptive immune resistance, immunological ignorance, tolerance, or intrinsic induction. This analysis highlights the importance of understanding the immunological microenvironment that the OSCC can present for the identification of more effective therapeutic targets against the disease.

https://doi.org/10.24875/j.gamo.22000145

Modeling of biomass and stored carbon in a seasonal semidecidual forest in Brazil
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WATZLAWICK, LUCIANO F.

; LISBOA, GERSON S.

; FRANÇA, LUCIANO C.J.

; STEPKA, THIAGO F.

; LONGHI, RÉGIS V.

; MARANGON, GABRIEL P.

; MIRANDA, DIRCEU LÚCIO C. DE

; VERES, QOHÉLET JOSÉ I.

; SERPE, EDSON LUIS

; CERQUEIRA, CLEBSON L.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volumen 95 Nº 4 elocation e20200656

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study estimated biomass and carbon from components, future carbon values and to obtain economic productive value of carbon fixation of a Seasonal Semideciduous Forest. Biomass and carbon were estimated using adjusted equations and selected using regression statistics. The prognosis of the diametric distribution was performed using the movement ratio method. In the economic evaluation, it was estimated productive value of the stand, referring to the current and future carbon fixation capacity. The coefficients of determination (adjusted R²) of the equations ranged from 0.11 to 0.90 and the standard error of the estimate (Syx) ranged from 41.53% to 141.89% for the biomass of the components, and from 0.03 to 0.87 for adjusted R² and from 46.20% to 143.64% for the error, for stored carbon in the components. The total biomass of the tree component estimated was 56.25 t ha-1 and 25.88 t ha-1 of total carbon. Using the future distributions by the method of the ratio of movements, total stored carbon (aerial + roots) estimated was 14.44 t. ha-1 over the 20-year period. The productive value for the fragment reached R$ 299.95 per ha. year-1.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320200656

Seasonality, dispersal modes, and optimal germination times modulate the fruiting of tropical tree species
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Miranda, Lia d’Afonseca Pereira de

; Silva, Brenda Tayná Sousa da

; Santos, Jiovana Pereira Amorin

; Rodrigues, Maianny dos Santos

; Trevisan, Solange Henchen

; Menezes, Isiara Silva

; Funch, Ligia Silveira

Rodriguésia

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2023, Volumen 74 elocation e00652022

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract We investigated the associations of seasonality, dispersal modes and seed germination speeds with the fruiting of Clusia nemorosa, Pleroma fissinervium, and Vochysia pyramidalis in a gallery forest, Chapada Diamantina, Brazil. Observations of mature fruits with dispersing seeds were carried out from 2003 to 2006. Cross-correlation and circular statistics were performed to test the relationships among fruiting and abiotic factors, and phenological seasonality. Dispersion syndromes were defined and germination experiments were performed after seed collection (n =100/species), using four replicates. The species evidenced seasonal fruiting. Clusia nemorosa produced zoochoric seeds and V. pyramidalis anemochoric seeds, which were dispersed during the rainy season and positively correlated with precipitation; P. fissinervium produced autochoric seeds, released during the dry season to early rainy season, being positively correlated with insolation and negatively with humidity. The rotating wing seeds of V. pyramidalis were released in the rainy season and aided floating in watercourses, characterizing hydrochory. Clusia nemorosa and V. pyramidalis germinated (2-6 days) more rapidly than P. fissinervium (9 days). Seasonality, dispersal modes, and optimal germination conditions modulated the fruiting of the species examined, whose reproductive strategies responded to environmental drivers such as precipitation, favoring germination during the rainy season.

Resumo Investigamos a associação da sazonalidade, modos de dispersão e velocidade de germinação com a frutificação de Clusia nemorosa, Pleroma fissinervium, e Vochysia piramidalis em mata de galeria, Chapada Diamantina, Brasil. Frutos maduros com sementes em dispersão foram observados de 2003-2006. Correlação cruzada e estatística circular testaram relações entre frutificação e fatores abióticos e sazonalidade fenológica. Síndromes de dispersão foram definidas e experimentos de germinação ocorreram imediatamente após coleta das sementes (n = 100/espécie), utilizando quatro repetições. As três espécies apresentaram frutificação sazonal, C. nemorosa com sementes zoocóricas e V. piramidalis com sementes anemocóricas dispersas durante as chuvas, foram positivamente correlacionadas com a precipitação, e P. fissinervium com sementes autocóricas liberadas durante a estação seca ao início das chuvas, positivamente correlacionadas com insolação e negativamente com a umidade. Sementes de alas rotativas auxiliando a flutuação em cursos d’água, liberadas na estação chuvosa, definiram hidrocoria para V. pyramidalis. Clusia nemorosa e V. pyramidalis germinaram (2-6 dias) mais rapidamente que P. fissinervium (9 dias). Sazonalidade, modos de dispersão e condições ótimas de germinação modularam a frutificação das espécies, cujas estratégias reprodutivas responderam a fatores ambientais, como precipitação, favorecendo a germinação na estação chuvosa.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202374028

Variabilidade espaço-temporal de ocorrência e recorrência de fogo no Bioma Caatinga usando dados do sensor MODIS
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Silva, Amanda Cavalcante da

; Juvanhol, Ronie Silva

; Miranda, Jonathan da Rocha

Ciência Florestal

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2023, Volumen 33 Nº 1 elocation e70195

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT The indiscriminate use of fire, every year has been causing an imbalance in nature, which can be perceived globally. The remote sensing represents the main technological alternative in detecting, dimensioning and understanding the dynamics of fire. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze the spatio-temporal distribution of the burned areas of the Caatinga Biome using the MODIS MCD64A1 product, from 2001 to 2018. For this, the monthly subsets of the Burned Area MCD64A1 product were used for the period of study. The Canadian Forest Service classification was also adopted, which defines the burned areas in five different classes: I (0-0.09 ha); II (0.1-4.0 ha); III (4.1-40.0 ha); IV (40.1-200.0 ha); V (>200.0 ha). The results achieved in this study reveal that the state of Piauí has a statistically higher average of fire occurrences and burned area in the times series. The months that had the largest burned areas in the biome were September, August and October and the greatest recurrences of burned areas from May to December. The burned area size classes that presented the highest occurrences were III, IV e V. The biome undergoes systematic growth of degradation, which enhances its fragility in the face of fire.

RESUMO O uso do fogo de forma indiscriminada, a cada ano vem causando um desequilíbrio na natureza, que pode ser percebido em âmbito global. O sensoriamento remoto, representa a principal alternativa tecnológica na detecção, dimensionamento e na compreensão da dinâmica do fogo. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi analisar a distribuição espaço-temporal das áreas queimadas do Bioma Caatinga por meio do produto MODIS MCD64A1, no período de 2001 a 2018. Para isso, foram utilizados os subconjuntos mensais do produto Burned Area MCD64A1. Adotou-se também a classificação do Canadian Forest Service, no qual define as áreas queimadas em cinco classes diferentes: I (0-0,09 ha); II (0,1-4,0 ha); III (4,1-40,0 ha); IV (40,1-200,0 ha); V(>200,0 ha). Os resultados alcançados nesse estudo revelam que o estado do Piauí apresenta estatisticamente maior média de ocorrências de incêndios e área queimada na série temporal. Os meses que tiveram as maiores áreas queimadas no bioma foram setembro, agosto e outubro e maior recorrência de maio a dezembro. As classes de tamanho de área queimada que apresentaram maiores ocorrências foram III, IV e V. O bioma sofre sistemático crescimento de degradação, o que potencializa sua fragilidade ante ao fogo.

https://doi.org/10.5902/1980509870195

10.

Zinc deficiency disrupts pain signaling promoting nociceptive but not inflammatory pain in mice
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LIMA, CLEVERTON KLEITON F.

; SISNANDE, THÁYNA

; SILVA, RAFAELA V. DA

; SILVA, VANESSA DOMITILLA C.S. DA

; AMARAL, JULIO J. DO

; OCHS, SORAYA M.

; SANTOS, BRUNA L.R. DOS

; MIRANDA, ANA LUÍSA P. DE

; LIMA, LUÍS MAURÍCIO T.R.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volumen 95 Supl. 1 elocation e20220914

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient involved in the physiology of nervous system and pain modulation. There is little evidence for the role of nutritional Zn alternations to the onset and progression of neuropathic (NP) and inflammatory pain. The study investigated the effects of a zinc restricted diet on the development of pain. Weaned mice were submitted to a regular (38 mg/kg of Zn) or Zn deficient (11 mg/kg of Zn) diets for four weeks, pain responses evaluated (mechanical, cold and heat allodynia; formalin- and carrageenan-induced inflammatory hypernociception), plasma and tissues collected for biochemical and metabolomic analysis. Zn deficient diet inhibited animal growth (37%) and changed mice sensitivity pattern, inducing an intense allodynia evoked by mechanical, cold and heat stimulus for four weeks. The inflammatory pain behavior of formalin test was drastically reduced or absent when challenged by an inflammatory stimulus. Zn restriction also reduce plasma TNF, increase neuronal activation, oxidative stress, indicating a disruption of the immune response. Liver metabolomic analyses suggest a downregulation of lipid metabolism of arachidonic acid. Zn restriction since weaned disrupts pain signaling considerably and reduce inflammatory pain. Zn could be considered a predisposing factor for the onset of chronic pain such as painful neuropathies.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320220914

11.

The schistosomicidal activity of ethanolic extracts from branches, leaves, flowers and fruits of Handroanthus impetiginosus (Mart. ex DC.) Mattos (Bignoniaceae) plant and metabolic profile characterization by UPLC-ESI-QTOF analysis
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Montagnini, D. L.

; Katchborian-Neto, A.

; Tahan, M. P. M.

; Oliveira, N. D.

; Magalhães, L. G.

; Januário, A. H.

; Pauletti, P. M.

; Cavallari, P. S. S. R.

; Cunha, W. R

; Araujo, O. P.

; Soares, M. G.

; Ferreira, M. S.

; Andrade, J. V.

; Miranda, G. S.

; Santos, M. F. C

; Silva, M. L. A. e

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volumen 83 elocation e275824

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Schistosomiasis, caused by Schistosoma mansoni Sambon, 1907, is a severe and widely distributed parasitic disease, affecting about 200 million people worldwide. The disease is recognized by elevated mortality rates, especially among those living in areas of poor sanitation. Currently, the chemotherapeutic treatment is solely based on using the praziquantel drug. Therefore, there is a need for the discovery of new medicines for the treatment of this parasitosis. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the schistosomicidal activity of ethanolic crude extracts from the branches, leaves, flowers, and fruits of Handroanthus impetiginosus (Mart ex DC.) Masttos and characterize its metabolic profile by UPLC-ESI-QTOF analysis. Evaluation of plant extract on S. mansoni was carried out in adult worms in vitro, in which the mortality rate was quantified, and the damages in the tegument of the worms were monitored. All extracts induced changes in the viability of adult males of S. mansoni, causing the death of the parasites, which was directly dependent of the concentration.

Resumo Schistosomíase, causada pelo Schistosoma mansoni Sambon, 1907, é uma doença parasitária severa e amplamente distribuída, afetando cerca de 200 milhões de pessoas pelo mundo. A doença é reconhecida pelo alto índice de mortalidade, especialmente dentre as populações que vivem em ambientes de pouca vigilância sanitária. Geralmente, o tratamento é apenas baseado no uso da droga praziquantel. Entretanto, há uma necessidade da descoberta de novos medicamentos para o tratamento dessa parasitose. Por isso, o presente trabalho visa avaliar a atividade schistosomicida dos extratos etanólicos cru dos galhos, folhas, flores e frutos de Handroanthus impetiginosus (Mart ex DC.) Masttos e caracterizar seu perfil metabólico por análise de UPLC-ESI-QTOF. Avaliações dos extratos vegetais em S. mansoni foram conduzidos em vermes adultos in vitro, pelos quais a taxa de mortalidade foi quantificada, e danos no tegumento dos vermes foram monitorados. Todos os extratos induziram mudanças na viabilidade de vermes adultos de S. mansoni, causando a morte desses parasitas, o que foi diretamente dependente da concentração.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.275824

12.

Enseñanza del golpe de Estado: memoria, controversialidad y planificación de la enseñanza a cincuenta años de su conmemoración Estado memoria
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VALENCIA-CASTAÑEDA, LUCÍA V.

; MIRANDA-ARREDONDO, PALOMA E.

; WATSON-CASTRO, GISELA A.

; GARCÉS-DURÁN, MARIO F.

Sophia Austral

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2023, Volumen 29 elocation 15

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN: Este artículo analiza cómo se aborda la enseñanza del golpe de Estado y la dictadura civil-militar entendida como un tema controversial, y cómo se vincula con las expectativas del profesorado sobre su enseñanza. Surge a partir de un proyecto en el que participan tres carreras de formación del profesorado de una universidad pública y cinco establecimientos educacionales de Santiago, desarrollado con el propósito de fortalecer una ciudadanía crítica en los espacios escolares a partir de la enseñanza del golpe de Estado y la creación de artefactos de memoria. Se optó por una metodología cualitativa con utilización de técnicas provenientes del análisis del discurso y documental. Como principales hallazgos se revela que el diseño de la enseñanza del golpe de Estado se aborda desde las múltiples dimensiones de su controversialidad (experiencia y memoria histórica, relevancia en el presente, vulneración de derechos humanos) materializadas en los artefactos de memoria construidos. Dicho abordaje se relaciona directamente con las expectativas del profesorado manifestadas como oportunidades, complejidades, tensiones y posicionamiento teórico y expresadas en estrecha relación a través de los distintos componentes de la planificación de la enseñanza. En conclusión, la controversialidad posibilita y desafía el ejercicio de la problematización curricular y se resuelve en el plano didáctico a partir de actividades y experiencias de memoria. RESUMEN civilmilitar civil militar controversial Santiago documental experiencia histórica presente humanos construidos oportunidades complejidades conclusión

ABSTRACT: This article analyses how the teaching of the military coup and the civil-military dictatorship in Chile is approached, understood as a controversial issue, and how it is linked to teachers’ expectations about their own instruction. The article arises from a project developed by three initial teacher training programs at a public university and five educational establishments in Santiago, with the purpose of strengthening critical citizenship in school spaces based on the teaching of the military coup and the creation of memory artifacts. A qualitative methodology was chosen with the use of techniques from discourse and documentary analysis. The main findings reveal that the design of the teaching of the military coup is approached from the multiple dimensions of its controversy (experience and historical memory, relevance in the present, violation of human rights) materialised in the constructed memory artifacts. This approach is directly related to the teachers’ expectations expressed as opportunities, complexities, tensions and theoretical positioning and expressed in close relationship through the different components of teaching planning. In conclusion, controversy enables and challenges the exercise of curricular problematization and is resolved on a didactic level based on activities and memory experiences. ABSTRACT civilmilitary civil issue teachers instruction Santiago artifacts analysis experience present rights opportunities complexities planning conclusion experiences

https://doi.org/10.22352/saustral20232913

13.

Bloqueo interauricular avanzado atípico: una presentación poco común del síndrome de Bayés
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Escalante-Pérez, Santiago

; Miranda-Arboleda, Andrés F.

; López-Gutiérrez, Laura V.

; Saavedra-González, Yesid A.

; Baranchuk, Adrián

Archivos de cardiología de México

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Dic 2022, Volumen 92 Nº 4 Paginas 553 - 555

Resumen: Es | Texto: Es | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.24875/acm.210002251

14.

Mapeo de una posible amenaza para el sector agrícola mexicano: avispón gigante asiático Vespa mandarinia (Smith 1852) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)
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IBARRA-ZAPATA, Enrique

; AGUIRRE-SALADO, Carlos A.

; MIRANDA-ARAGÓN, Liliana

; LOREDO-OSTI, Catarina

; ESCOTO-RODRÍGUEZ, Martín

; RAMÍREZ y RAMÍREZ, Francisco

Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina

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Jun 2022, Volumen 81 Nº 1 Paginas 1 - 18

Resumen: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The Asian giant hornet represents a threat to the global agricultural sector, as it is a species with predatory and invasive behavior that directly affects honey bees (Apis melifera), the main pollination agents of fruit trees, vegetables and seed production. The objective of the research was to develop a spatial diagnosis of the health risk associated with V. mandarinia due to its possible impact on the Mexican agrifood sector. For this purpose, economically important crops were identified, grouped by pollination percentage and the potential distribution of the Asian giant hornet was identified using the maximum entropy model. The resulting health risk cartographic model allowed the identification of areas with different health risk indices (low, medium, high and very high), as well as the definition of priority areas spatially represented in quadrants and agri-food clusters at risk (clusters). These results are presented as a geotechnological tool that can strengthen the planning of epidemiological surveillance in Mexico, which has the potential to contribute to the establishment of preventive strategies to address the health risk posed by V. mandarinia to the Mexican agricultural sector.

Resumen El avispón gigante asiático representa una amenaza para el sector agrícola global, ya que, es una especie con un comportamiento depredador e invasor que afecta de manera directa a las abejas melíferas (Apis melifera), principales agentes de polinización de frutales, hortalizas y de la producción de semillas. El objetivo de la investigación fue elaborar un diagnóstico espacial del riesgo sanitario asociado a V. mandarinia por su posible impacto en el sector agroalimentario mexicano. Para ello, se identificaron los cultivos de importancia económica, agrupados por porcentaje de polinización, y la distribución potencial del avispón gigante asiático mediante el modelo de máxima entropía. El modelo cartográfico de riesgo sanitario resultante permitió identificar superficies con diferentes índices de riesgo sanitario (bajo, medio, alto y muy alto), así como la definición de áreas prioritarias representadas espacialmente en cuadrantes y clúster agroalimentarios en riesgo (conglomerados). Estos resultados se presentan como una herramienta geotecnológica que puede fortalecer la planeación de la vigilancia epidemiológica en México, lo que tiene el potencial de coadyuvar en el establecimiento de estrategias preventivas ante el riesgo sanitario que representa V. mandarinia para el sector agrícola mexicano.

15.

Characterization of metal(loid)s and antibiotic resistance in bacteria of human gut microbiota from chronic kidney disease subjects
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Miranda, María V.

; González, Fernanda C.

; Paredes-Godoy, Osvaldo S.

; Maulén, Mario A.

; Vásquez, Claudio C.

; Díaz-Vásquez, Waldo A.

Biological Research

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2022, Volumen 55 elocation 23

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background: Human Gut Microbiota (HGM) is composed of more than one thousand species, playing an important role in the health status of individuals. Dysbiosis (an HGM imbalance) is augmented as chronic kidney disease (CKD) progresses, as loss of kidney function accelerates. Increased antibiotic use in CKD subjects and consumption of nephrotoxic heavy metals and metalloids such as lead, cadmium, arsenic, and mercury in tap water increases the dysbiosis state. Studies in people with stage 3 CKD are complex to carry out, mainly because patients are self-reliant who rarely consult a specialist. The current work focused on this type of patient. Results: Lead and arsenic-resistant bacteria were obtained from self-reliant (that stands on its own) stage 3 CKD subjects. Pathogen-related Firmicutes and Proteobacteria genus bacteria were observed. Resistance and potentiation of antibiotic effects in the presence of metal(loid)s in vitro were found. Furthermore, the presence of the following genes markers for antibiotic and metal(loid) resistance were identified by qPCR: oxa10, qnrB1, mphB, ermB, mefE1, arr2, sulll, tetA, floR, strB, dhfr1, acrB, cadA2k, cadA3k, arsC, pbrA. We observed a decrease in the number of metal resistance markers. Conclusions: The presence of cadA and arsC genetic markers of antibiotics and metal(loid)s resistance were detected in samples from stage 3 CKD subjects. Lower gene amplification in advanced stages of CKD were also observed, possibly associated with a decrease in resident HGM during kidney disease progression.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s40659-022-00389-z 36 descargas

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