ABSTRACT Purpose to validate the CAP questionnaire in populations of pregnant women exposed to pesticides in the State of Paraná. Methods 382 pregnant women participated in the study, divided into two groups: Exposed to Pesticides (n = 320) and Not Exposed (n = 62). The validation process involved the validity of content, criteria and construct. The research stages were developed between August / 2018 to December / 2019 in the western and central-western regions of Paraná. Results the instrument demonstrated an acceptable agreement on the content validity through the evaluation of judges; the criterion validity through the established criterion showed no association; in the analysis of construct validity using the technique of known groups, it demonstrated homogeneity in the variables age, nationality and family income. Conclusion the developed analysis indicated that the psychometric properties of the validation of the Brazilian version of the scale are consistent and adequate, which allows the recommendation of the application of the instrument in a national context.

RESUMO Objetivo validar o questionário CAP em populações de gestantes expostas aos agrotóxicos no Estado do Paraná. Método participaram do estudo 382 gestantes, divididas em dois grupos: Expostas a Agrotóxicos (n=320) e Não Expostas (n=62). O processo de validação envolveu a validade de conteúdo, critério e constructo. As etapas da pesquisa foram desenvolvidas entre agosto/2018 a dezembro/2019 na região oeste e centro-oeste do Paraná. Resultados o instrumento demonstrou concordância aceitável na Validade de conteúdo por meio da avaliação de juízes; a Validade de critério por meio do critério estabelecido não apresentou associação; na análise da Validade de construto pela técnica de grupos conhecidos, demonstrou homogeneidade nas variáveis idade, nacionalidade e renda familiar. Conclusão a análise desenvolvida indicou que as propriedades psicométricas da validação da versão brasileira da escala são consistentes e adequadas, o que permite a recomendação da aplicação do instrumento em contexto nacional.

ABSTRACT Purpose To analyze hearing performance and expectations regarding the use of hearing aids (HA) by participants with minimal hearing loss. Methods This research is a primary, observational, longitudinal and prospective study. Two questionnaires, the Speech Spatial Qualities Questionnaire (SSQ) and the Expected Consequences of Hearing Aid Ownership (ECHO), were used, respectively, to verify hearing performance in complex listening situations and expectations regarding the use of HA. The convenience sample consisted of adults aged 53 to 72. Results SSQ showed that, for hearing performance, greater difficulties were observed in unfavorable situations such as speech and speech-in-noise, followed by greater ease in locating the sound source and in the quality and naturalness of the sound. ECHO showed that, for the expectations regarding the use of the HA, the variables with significant correlation values were age x general expectation with HA and age x HA's positive aspects. No statistically significant association existed between performance scores in complex listening situations and the analyzed variables. Conclusion Minimal hearing loss can negatively influence everyday communicative situations, and the expectation of individuals with minimal hearing loss regarding the use of HA was shown to be high. In addition, the hearing performance of individuals in this study did not show correlations with the age, gender and education level of the sample.

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar o desempenho auditivo e expectativas quanto ao uso dos aparelhos de amplificação sonora individual (AASI) dos participantes com perda auditiva mínima. Método Trata-se de uma pesquisa primária, observacional, longitudinal e prospectiva. Para isso, foram aplicados os questionários Speech Spatial Qualities Questionnaire e o Expected Consequences of Hearing Aid Ownership que buscam verificar o desempenho auditivo em situações complexas de escuta e a expectativa quanto ao uso de AASI, respectivamente. A amostra se deu por conveniência com indivíduos adultos de 53 a 72 anos. Resultados No desempenho auditivo, observaram-se maiores dificuldades em situações desfavoráveis como na fala e fala no ruído, seguidas por maior facilidade em localizar a fonte sonora, qualidade e naturalidade do som. Para as expectativas quanto ao uso do dispositivo de amplificação, as variáveis com valor de correlação significativa foram idade expectativa geral com o uso do AASI, e idade em relação aos seus aspectos positivos. Não houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre os scores de desempenho em situações complexas de escuta e as variáveis analisadas. Conclusão A perda auditiva mínima pode influenciar negativamente em situações comunicativas cotidianas, como também, a expectativa dos indivíduos com perda auditiva mínima quanto ao uso do AASI mostrou-se elevada. Além disso, o desempenho auditivo nos indivíduos desse estudo não apresentou correlações com idade, gênero e escolaridade da amostra.

Abstract Introduction Cortisol is a hormone involved in the response to stress. Attention is a function that can change due to exposure to stress. Objectives To verify the correlation between the level of salivary cortisol and sustained auditory attention in children with cleft lip and palate, as well as to compare the results of the variables analyzed between female and male patients. Methods In total, 103 children aged 6 to 11 years, were divided into 2 groups: those with cleft lip and palate (experimental group, EG; n = 69) and the control group (CG; n = 34). The Sustained Auditory Attention Ability Test (SAAAT) and salivary cortisol levels, measured by an enzyme immunoassay kit (Salimetrics, Stage College, PA, US), were calculated and compared regarding the two groups. The statistical tests used were the Mann-Whitney test and the Spearman correlation. Results The median level of salivary cortisol was of 0.03615 μl/dL and 0.18000 μl/dL respectively for the EG and CG, with a significant difference between the groups (p =0.000). Absence of statistical significance (total error score = 0.656; vigilance decrement = 0.051) was observed the for SAAAT among the EG (median total error score = 12.00; 25th percentile [25%] = 7.00; 75th percentile [75%] = 21.00; and vigilance decrement = 1.00; 25% = 0.00; 75% = 2.50) and the CG (median total error score = 12.00; 25% = 6.00; 75% = 24.00; and vigilance decrement = 0.00; 25% = -1.00; 75% = 2.00). Conclusion All children had median levels of salivary cortisol and scores for sustained auditory attention within normal parameters. A significant correlation between the level of salivary cortisol and the ability to sustain auditory attention was observed in children without cleft lip and palate. There were no differences regarding the SAAAT and salivary cortisol between female and male patients.

Abstract Introduction The use of auditory behavioral tests, which specifically assess sustained attention, is necessary, due to its relationship with learning, language production, cognitive development and school performance. Objective To evaluate how children performed using software developed to investigate the ability of sustained auditory attention, and to compare the scores obtained in this format with those of the original, non-computerized test. Methods This cross-sectional study included 52 children of both genders, aged 6 to 11 years, with normal hearing and no history of complaints regarding inattention and/or hyperactivity. The computerized test was administered to all 52 children. The total error score (inattention and impulsivity) and the vigilance decrement were used to define the children’s performance when using the software. The scores obtained in the two formats (computer software and original on compact disc) were then compared. Results Statistically significant differences were found in the scores for innattention, impulsivity, and total error score (inattention and impulsivity) when comparing genders, and a negative correlation coefficient was found when comparing ages. Increased scores were found for all variables of the sustained auditory attention ability test (SAAAT) compared with the original format. Conclusion Females performed worse than males in all aspects except for vigilance decrement when using the SAAATsoftware developed to evaluate the ability of SAAAT vigilance; younger children made more errors when using the SAAAT software; inattention errors were more frequent than impulsivity. Overall, higher values were obtained using the SAAAT software, when compared with the original version.

RESUMO Objetivo: estabelecer o perfil dos indivíduos com zumbido, atendidos em um serviço de Saúde Auditiva e associar o sintoma com gênero, perfil audiológico e presença de vertigem. Métodos: estudo descritivo, retrospectivo. Foi realizada a análise de 6.000 prontuários de indivíduos atendidos em um serviço de saúde auditiva, os dados coletados do prontuário foram: dados sociodemográficos, características da deficiência auditiva, caraterísticas do zumbido e da vertigem, entrevista fonoaudiológica, avaliações otorrinolaringológicas, audiológicas, otoneurológicas, estilo de vida e dos fatores de risco. A análise descritiva, foi realizada por meio do teste de associação Qui-quadrado, sendo adotado o nível de significância estatística de 5% (p<0,05) para a análise inferencial. Resultados: houve associação estatisticamente significante entre presença de zumbido e gênero, audição normal e vertigem e foi constatada também associação significante entre zumbido e perda auditiva condutiva unilateral e bilateral, perda auditiva sensorioneural unilateral e bilateral. Conclusão: houve associação significante, na população avaliada, para presença de zumbido e gênero feminino, audição normal, perda auditiva condutiva unilateral e bilateral, perda auditiva sensorioneural unilateral e bilateral e presença de vertigem.

ABSTRACT Purpose: to establish the profile of individuals with tinnitus treated at a Hearing Health service and to associate the symptom with gender, audiological profile, and presence of vertigo. Methods: a descriptive, retrospective study with an analysis of 6,000 medical records of individuals treated at a hearing health service was carried out. The data collected from the medical records were: sociodemographic data, characteristics of hearing impairment, characteristics of tinnitus and vertigo, speech therapy interview, and otorhinolaryngological, audiological, otoneurological assessments, characteristics of life style and risk factors. An descriptive analysis was performed using the Chi-square test of association, adopting a statistical significance level of 5% (p<0.05) for the inferential analysis. Results: there was a statistically significant association between the presence of tinnitus and gender, normal hearing, and vertigo, and a significant association was also found between tinnitus and unilateral and bilateral conductive hearing loss, and unilateral and bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Conclusion: there was a significant association, in the population evaluated, for the presence of tinnitus and female gender, normal hearing, unilateral and bilateral conductive hearing loss, unilateral and bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, and the presence of vertigo.

Abstract The cases of ear malformations, conductive, mixed, and single-sided deafness hearing loss are candidates for surgery and use of Bone-Anchored Hearing Aids (BAHA). Commonly, the literature highlights two procedures to assess the benefits and characteristics of amplification in users: functional gain (FG) and effective gain (EG). Objective Estimate and compare the EG and the FG to evaluate the benefits obtained by users of BAHA and, later, to compare tests of speech perception in silence and in noise. Methodology The sample (n=79) was divided into four groups, implanted from February 2014 to February 2021. The following tests were analyzed: pure-tone audiometry by air and bone; research of audiometric thresholds in free field; speech perception tests in silence and in noise. Results EG presented lower values than FG in all frequencies. The positive results of the speech perception tests were correlated with worse FG values. EG is the best method for evaluation, as it allows a proper comparison between devices, as well as a comparison with the prescription of validated rules. Conclusions A better evaluation of results was observed on the EG values, indicating that it is a relevant method to assess auditory performance. In addition, the FG results were incompatible with the benefits obtained in the speech perception tests, showing that it is not a reliable tool for monitoring the results with the use of BAHA.

RESUMO Objetivo o estudo teve como objetivo a tradução e adaptação cultural do Hearing Aid Skills and Knowledge Test (HASK) para o português brasileiro. Métodos trata-se de um estudo qualitativo dos processos de tradução e adaptação cultural de um instrumento de medida da língua inglesa para o português brasileiro, baseado no método proposto por Lins et al. (2017) e Beaton et al. (2000). Ao todo, foram submetidos ao estudo 38 voluntários usuários de aparelho de amplificação sonora individual, recrutados no Serviço de Saúde Auditiva da instituição, elegíveis por critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Resultados o processo de tradução e adaptação cultural eleito foi subdividido em cinco etapas: (1) tradução da versão original para a língua portuguesa, realizada por duas tradutoras distintas, que originou a Versão Português Consenso 1; (2) avaliação pelo comitê profissional. Dentre os 53 termos traduzidos, 23 obtiveram equivalência semântica e dois não alcançaram equivalência conceitual, idiomática e experimental. Essa etapa resultou na Versão Consenso 2; (3) retrotradução, realizada para comparação da Versão Consenso 2 com a original. Foi constatada pela autora do teste a equivalência entre ambas; (4) submissão da Versão Consenso 2 para consenso pelo Painel de Pacientes, em que três participantes apontaram o nível de dificuldade do teste como fácil e três, como médio. Nessa etapa, foi estabelecida a Versão Final do teste; (5) aplicação da Versão Final na etapa pré-teste, na qual foi evidenciada a importância de contextualização de dois termos pelo profissional que aplicou o teste. Conclusão o teste HASK foi traduzido e adaptado para a língua portuguesa, obtendo-se equivalências semânticas, idiomáticas, experimentais e conceituais.

ABSTRACT Purpose The study aimed at the translation and cultural adaptation of the Hearing Aid Skills and Knowledge Test (HASK) into Brazilian Portuguese. Methods This is a qualitative study of the translation and cultural processes of an adaptation measure from English to Brazilian Portuguese based on the method proposed by Lins et al. (2017) and Beaton et al. (2000). In all, 38 hearing aids users were selected for the study, recruited in Hearing Health Service of the Institution, eligible by inclusion and exclusion criteria, accepted under the number 3,228,085. Results The process of translation and cultural adaptation chosen was divided into 5 stages, among them: (1) Translation of the original version into Portuguese, carried out by two different translators, which gave rise to the Portuguese Consensus 1 version; 2) Evaluation by the professional committee. Among of the 53 translated terms, 23 obtained semantic equivalence and two did not achieved conceptual, idiomatic and experimental equivalence. This step resulted in Consensus Version 2; (3) The Back-Translation was carried out to compare the Consensus 2 Version to the original. The test author confirmed the equivalence between both; (4) Consensus Version 2 was submitted to a panel of patients, in which three participants indicated the test difficulty level as easy and three as medium. At this stage, it was established the Final Version of the test; (5) Application of the Final Version in the step pre-test, which highlights the importance of contextualizing two terms by the professional who applied the test. Conclusion The HASK test was translated and adapted to the Portuguese language, with semantic, experimental and conceptual equivalence.

RESUMO Objetivo Descrever dados da perda auditiva, da hipertensão arterial sistêmica e do zumbido dos indivíduos, e verificar a associação entre hipertensão arterial sistêmica autorreferida e zumbido, bem como correlacionar outras variáveis presentes na amostra: perda auditiva e zumbido, idade e zumbido e idade e hipertensão arterial sistêmica. Método Pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva e inferencial, retrospectiva com coleta de dados de 473 prontuários de adultos e idosos atendidos entre os anos 2008 e 2018. Selecionadas informações sobre idade, gênero, resultado da audiometria tonal liminar, zumbido, tipo e frequência do zumbido, presença de HAS e uso de medicamento para controle da doença. Resultados não foi encontrada associação entre hipertensão arterial sistêmica e zumbido ou entre perda auditiva e zumbido e entre idade e zumbido, todavia foi observada associação entre idade e hipertensão arterial sistêmica, por meio do teste Qui Quadrado. O tipo de zumbido mais comum foi o chiado e a maioria dos indivíduos que referiram sentir mais de um tipo de zumbido eram hipertensos. Conclusão os resultados encontrados e a literatura sugerem que a hipertensão arterial sistêmica pode ser um fator adicional ou um agravante de fatores preexistentes na geração do zumbido, porém não a causa primária.

ABSTRACT Purpose To describe data on hearing loss, systemic arterial hypertension and tinnitus of individuals, and to verify the association between self-reported systemic arterial hypertension and tinnitus, as well as to correlate other variables present in the sample: hearing loss and tinnitus, age and tinnitus and age and systemic arterial hypertension. Methods Quantitative, descriptive and inferential, retrospective research with data collection from 473 medical records of adults and elderly people treated between 2008 and 2018. Selected were information on age, gender, result of pure tone audiometry, tinnitus, tinnitus type and frequency, presence of SAH and use of medication to control the disease. Results No association was found between systemic arterial hypertension and tinnitus or between hearing loss and tinnitus and between age and tinnitus, however, an association was observed between age and systemic arterial hypertension using the Chi - Square test. The most common type of tinnitus was wheezing and most individuals who reported feeling more than one type of tinnitus were hypertensive. Conclusion The results found and the literature suggest that systemic arterial hypertension may be an additional factor or an aggravating factor of preexisting factors in the generation of tinnitus, but not the primary cause.

Abstract Introduction Tinnitus is a disorder that affects 10 to 15% of de world's population. Sound therapy performed through hearing aids (HAs) with integrated sound generator (SG) is one of the forms of tinnitus treatment. Objective To analyze the effectiveness of four masking noises in relieving tinnitus in individuals with mild and moderate bilateral sensorineural hearing loss and their influence in speech perception. Methods The participants were 35 individuals with tinnitus and mild and moderate bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, divided into four groups. All groups underwent HA and SG adaptation, being regulated in the combined mode (HA and SG). In group 1 (G1), the white noise stimulus was applied, in group 2 (G2), pink noise was applied, in group 3 (G3), speech noise, and in group 4 (G4), the high tone was applied. All patients were subjected to the following procedures: audiological diagnosis, acuphenometry, tinnitus handicap inventory (THI), visual analogue scale (VAS), and hearing in noise test (HINT). The procedures were performed prior to and after hearing intervention, and after 3 months of use of HA and SG. Results All groups presented a statistically significant difference for the THI, VAS, and HINT pre and postintervention. In the case of the HINT, only pink noise presented a significant difference. However, in the comparation among groups there was no significant difference. Conclusion The present study made it possible to conclude that the four noises were equally effective in relieving tinnitus, with no statistically significant differences between the analyzed groups.

Abstract Introduction Tinnitus is a prevalent symptom in audiological clinics, and the speech therapist participates in the assessment, diagnosis, and intervention of tinnitus. A range of studies have been developed with the aim to promote auditory health, and telehealth is an option for this purpose. Objective The aim of the present study was to develop and assess a virtual platform for tinnitus management for speech therapists. Methods The present study provided a distance-learning-course, with the aid of Portal do Zumbido, available in the following electronic address: zumbido.fob.usp.br. Infographics were available for download, and modules were made to comprise the introduction to the symptoms, assessment, and intervention for tinnitus. Results Speech therapists of different regions of Brazil received an e-mail invitation to participate and to assess the platform, 46 of whom registered. From the 46 speech therapists registered, 38 assessed the virtual platform with the aid of a questionnaire about the theoretical content and then answered a motivational research sheet (MRS). The speech therapists correctly answered 90% and 100% of the questions in the questionnaire and in the MRS, respectively, which may indicate that the professionals positively absorbed the content; thus, the content was considered to be impressive when the MRS was analyzed. Conclusion Portal do Zumbido was developed and is available for access in the following electronic address: zumbido.fob.usp.br. Furthermore, the platform received a positive assessment by the speech therapists who participated in the present study.

Abstract Introduction The Sustained Auditory Attention Ability Test (SAAAT) is an instrument used to assess sustained auditory attention in children. Difficulties related to this ability are not unique to children alone, as adults have been observed to present with the same deficits. Therefore, there is a need to adapt instruments like the SAAAT and provide reference values for adults. Objective To assess adult performance on the SAAAT. Methods Approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee under n° 034/2011. The sample consisted of 30 participants aged between 18 and 30 years old (average age = 24.2 years old), female and male. The inclusion criteria were: peripheral hearing within normal limits, type A tympanometric curve, and no attention-related complaints. The participants were submitted to Tonal Audiometry, Logoaudiometry, Immitanciometry and to the SAAAT. Results The following mean values and standard deviations (SD) were observed: inattention = 1.7 (SD = 2.2) and impulsivity = 0.8 (SD = 0.9) error types. For the SAAAT, the mean value for the total error score was 2.4 (SD = 2.6), and for the decrease in vigilance, it was 0.3 (SD = 0.5). When comparing the performance of adults and children, a statistically significant difference was observed for inattention (p = 0.000) and impulsivity (p = 0.001) error types, as well as in the total error score (p = 0.000) and in decreased vigilance (p = 0.0003). Conclusion The performance of adults in the SAAAT differed from the children's parameters, since adults showed lower scores in all variables of the instrument.

Resumo Introdução: A perda auditiva está associada a diversas comorbidades, frequentemente ao zumbido. Quando os pacientes se queixam tanto de zumbido quanto de dificuldades auditivas nas clínicas de audiologia e otorrinolaringologia, quase sempre há dificuldade em separar as duas queixas. O questionário tinnitus and hearing survey foi especialmente desenvolvido para esse fim e para identificar a queixa principal, ajuda a direcionar a escolha da intervenção apropriada. Objetivo: Traduzir e adaptar culturalmente o tinnitus and hearing survey para o português brasileiro. Método: Foram convidados a preencher o tinnitus and hearing survey 70 pacientes que haviam previamente realizado uma bateria de exames diagnósticos audiológicos e foram categorizados em quatro grupos: audição normal sem zumbido, audição normal com zumbido, perda auditiva sem zumbido e perda auditiva com zumbido. A adaptação cultural do tinnitus and hearing survey seguiu as etapas indicadas por Guillemin et al. (1993), inclusive a avaliação da reprodutibilidade interpesquisadores, consistência interna e confiabilidade do instrumento. Resultados: Não houve alterações substanciais no conteúdo das perguntas do tinnitus and hearing survey, embora algumas adaptações tenham sido feitas em dois itens na seção “Tolerância ao som” para facilitar a compreensão dos participantes sobre esses itens. A consistência interna e a confiabilidade testadas pelo α de Cronbach foram consideradas boas para todos os domínios. A reprodutibilidade do tinnitus and hearing survey foi medida pelo coeficiente Kappa em dois momentos distintos e a concordância entre os avaliadores 1 e 2 foi considerada quase perfeita, indicou boa reprodutibilidade. Conclusão: O questionário tinnitus and hearing survey foi adaptado culturalmente para o português brasileiro e analisado quanto à sua consistência interna, confiabilidade e reprodutibilidade. Os resultados apoiam o uso desse questionário como um instrumento útil para auxiliar os profissionais a diferenciar a queixa principal do indivíduo, permite a escolha da intervenção mais adequada.

Abstract Introduction: Hearing loss is associated with several comorbidities and may be frequently associated with tinnitus. When patients complain of both tinnitus and hearing difficulties in audiology and otolaryngology clinics, there, is often great difficulty separating the two complaints. The tinnitus and hearing survey was specially developed for this purpose to identify the main complaint and help direct the choice of appropriate intervention. Objective: To translate and culturally adapt the tinnitus and hearing survey for the Brazilian-Portuguese. Methods: Seventy patients who had previously completed a battery of audiological diagnostic exams were invited to complete the tinnitus and hearing survey and were categorized into four groups: normal hearing without tinnitus, normal hearing with tinnitus, hearing loss without tinnitus, and hearing loss with tinnitus. Cultural adaptation of tinnitus and hearing survey followed the steps indicated by Guillemin et al. (1993), including assessment of inter-researchers’ reproducibility, internal consistency, and reliability of the instrument. Results: There were no substantial changes to the content of the tinnitus and hearing survey questions, although a few adaptations were made to two-item sound tolerance section to facilitate participants’ understanding. Internal consistency and reliability tested by Cronbach’s α was considered good for all domains. The reproducibility of the tinnitus and hearing survey was measured by the Kappa coefficient at two different moments and agreement between evaluators 1 and 2 was considered almost perfect, indicating good reproducibility. Conclusion: The tinnitus and hearing survey was culturally adapted to Brazilian Portuguese and analyzed for internal consistency, reliability, and reproducibility. Results support this questionnaire as a useful tool to help professionals differentiate the main complaint of the individual, allowing the choice of a more appropriate intervention.

RESUMO Objetivo verificar a aplicabilidade do THS em mensurar e diferenciar as queixas de zumbido, perda auditiva e tolerância ao som. Método Foi aplicado o questionário THS, composto por 4 questões sobre zumbido, 4 sobre perda auditiva e 1 sobre tolerância ao som. Previamente, todos os participantes realizaram uma bateria de exames de diagnóstico audiológico e foram divididos em grupos: audição normal bilateral com média até 25dB, com e sem queixa de zumbido (Grupos 1 e 3); diagnóstico de perda auditiva sensório neural de grau leve a moderado (26dB a 60dB), sem uso prévio de aparelho de amplificação sonora Individual (AASI), com queixa de zumbido crônico (≥6 meses) e também indivíduos sem queixa de zumbido (Grupos 2 e 4); idade igual ou superior a 18 anos. Resultados Foram incluídos no presente estudo 70 indivíduos. Em relação a análise do total entre os grupos pelo teste Kruskal-Wallis foram encontradas diferenças significativas nas seções sobre zumbido e perda auditiva, mas não houve significância da seção sobre tolerância ao som. Em relação às questões sobre zumbido apenas os grupos 3 e 4 pontuaram. Quanto às questões referentes à perda auditiva, os grupos sem perda (grupos 1 e 3) foram os que menos pontuaram. Em relação a questão do THS sobre tolerância ao som, o grupo 3 foi o que mais pontuou. Conclusão o questionário THS se mostrou como uma possível ferramenta para auxiliar na compreensão e diferenciação das queixas auditivas.

ABSTRACT Purpose To verify the applicability of the Tinnitus and Hearing Survey (THS) to measure the different complaints of tinnitus, hearing loss and sound tolerance. Methods THS was performed, composed of 4 questions about tinnitus, 4 about hearing loss and one about sound tolerance. Previously, all participants performed a battery of audiological diagnostic tests and were then divided into 4 groups: Bilateral normal audiometry with mean up to 25dB, with and without tinnitus complaint (Groups 1 and 3); diagnosis of mild to moderate neural sensory hearing loss (26dB to 60dB), no previous use of individual hearing aids, complaining of chronic tinnitus (≥6 months) and individuals without tinnitus complaints (Groups 2 and 4); and age ≥18 years old. Results Seventy subjects were included in the present study. Regarding the analysis of the total between the groups by the Kruskal-Wallis test, significant differences were found in the sections about tinnitus and hearing loss, but there was no significance in the section regarding sound tolerance. Regarding the questions in Section A of the THS, only Groups 3 and 4 scored the highest. Regarding the questions related to Section B about hearing loss, the groups without hearing loss (Groups 1 and 3) scored the lowest. In relation to the question of the THS in Section C, Group 3 scored the highest. Conclusions The THS questionnaire proved to be a useful, quick and simple tool to assist the audiologist in the understanding and differentiation of the audiologic complaints.

RESUMO Objetivo traduzir e adaptar culturalmente o questionário Expected Consequences of Hearing aid Ownership para aplicação na população brasileira. Métodos o Expected Consequences of Hearing aid Ownership é constituído por 15 questões e investiga a expectativa de adultos com perda auditiva quanto ao uso de aparelho de amplificação sonora individual. A tradução foi realizada por três professores tradutores-intérpretes de inglês, que não tiveram contato prévio com o instrumento. Um grupo revisor constituído por um profissional da Fonoaudiologia, um da Psicologia e do Serviço Social, reuniu a melhor tradução encontrada para cada questão em um único questionário em português. Para melhorar a qualidade da tradução, outros três tradutores realizaram nova versão para o inglês e o grupo revisor analisou, comparando-as com o original. Para pré-testagem, o questionário foi aplicado por dois avaliadores em 30 pacientes com diagnóstico de deficiência auditiva. Resultados foi realizada a tradução para o português: “Questionário de Expectativa com Uso de Auxiliares Auditivos”. Durante o processo de tradução, houve pequenas diferenças entre as versões, sendo, em sua maioria, referentes à tradução literal. Para a adaptação, as três traduções foram analisadas e, por consenso, foram escolhidas as melhores expressões e palavras em todas as questões, adaptando o texto ao conhecimento e compreensão da população brasileira. Conclusão o questionário Expected Consequences of Hearing aid Ownership encontra-se traduzido e adaptado para a cultura brasileira e pode ser utilizado como importante ferramenta para fonoaudiólogos no conhecimento das expectativas do paciente e melhor delineamento do processo de reabilitação.

ABSTRACT Purpose To translate and culturally adapt the Expected Consequences of Hearing aid Ownership (ECHO) for application in the Brazilian population. Methods The Expected Consequences of the Hearing aid Ownership questionnaire consists of 15 questions and investigates the expectation of adults with hearing loss regarding the use of an Individual hearing aid. The translation was carried out by three English translating teachers who had no previous contact with the instrument. A review group made up of a professional in speech therapy and another in psychology and social work gathered the best translation found for each question in a single questionnaire in Portuguese. To improve the quality of the translation, three other translators made a new version in English, and the review group analyzed it by comparing them with the original. For pre-testing, the questionnaire was offered by two evaluators for 30 patients diagnosed with hearing loss. Results A translation into Portuguese was made: “Questionário de Expectativa com uso de Auxiliares Auditivos.” During the translation process, there was little difference between the versions, mostly referring to a literal translation. For adaptation, the three translations were analyzed and by consensus the best expressions and words were chosen for all questions, adapting the text to the knowledge and understanding of the Brazilian population. Conclusion The Expected Consequences of Hearing aid Ownership questionnaire has been translated and adapted to the Brazilian culture. This questionnaire can be used as an important tool for speech therapists in understanding the patient's expectations and can better outlinethe rehabilitation process.

Resumo Introdução O zumbido está presente em grande parte das queixas crônicas de saúde, é considerado um problema de saúde pública, prejudicial à qualidade de vida do indivíduo. Considerando o aumento da população mundial associado ao aumento da expectativa de vida, a tendência é que o zumbido permaneça como um motivo de preocupação, uma vez que com a idade a ocorrência de prejuízos auditivos decorrentes da deterioração das estruturas auditivas periféricas e centrais ocasiona grande impacto negativo na qualidade de vida. Objetivo Analisar a aplicabilidade das medidas da orelha real para a intervenção audiológica do zumbido através de avaliação específica, seleção, verificação e validação do aparelho de amplificação sonora individual combinada ao gerador de som. Método Quarenta indivíduos de ambos os sexos com perda auditiva e queixa de zumbido foram considerados elegíveis para compor a amostra. Eles foram atendidos conforme a demanda clínica e submetidos aos seguintes procedimentos: anamnese e história pregressa da queixa, audiometria de alta frequência, imitanciometria e acufenometria com pesquisa dos limiares psicoacústicos de pitch, loudness e limiar mínimo de mascaramento, gerador de som, além da aplicação das ferramentas tinnitus handicap inventory e escala visual analógica. Toda a amostra recebeu aparelho de amplificação sonora individual e gerador de som, ambos da marca Siemens, participaram de uma sessão de aconselhamento com apoio de material digital e foram avaliados em duas situações: Avaliação inicial (antes da adaptação dos aparelhos de amplificação sonora individual e gerador de som) e Avaliação final (6 meses após a adaptação). As análises estatísticas foram descritivas e inferenciais, adotou-se um nível de significância de 5% com a realização do teste t pareado e o teste de correlação de Spearman. Resultados Os resultados mostraram que houve benefício com o uso de aparelho de amplificação sonora individual combinado ao gerador de som com base nos valores estatisticamente significantes e fortes correlações entre os dados da verificação do gerador de som em relação à acufenometria e os questionários de incômodo/gravidade. Em relação à verificação do gerador de som, é importante destacar que toda a amostra selecionou a estimulação acústica efetiva baseada nos níveis de conforto e no presente estudo demonstraram ser de intensidade suficiente para o prognóstico positivo, enquanto que os ruídos dos usuários estavam abaixo dos limiares psicoacústicos da acufenometria. Conclusão A intervenção audiológica com qualquer nível de estímulo sonoro é suficiente para obter um prognóstico positivo em médio prazo. Os dados que demonstram que a verificação do gerador de som foi efetiva nas medidas da orelha real são importantes na avaliação e intervenção da queixa. Além disso, mostram que quanto maior a percepção do zumbido, maior a sua gravidade; e quanto maior o incômodo, maiores os limiares de frequência psicoacústica e o limiar mínimo de mascaramento.

Abstract Introduction Tinnitus is present in a large part of chronic health complaints, and it is considered a public health problem injurious to the individual's quality of life. Considering the increase of the world population associated with an increase of life expectancy, tinnitus remains a cause for medical concern, since during aging the occurrence of auditory impairments due to the deterioration of the peripheral auditory structures and central impairs the quality of life. Objective The aim of the present study was to analyze the applicability of real ear measurements for audiological intervention of tinnitus through specific evaluation, selection, verification and validation of the hearing aids combined with the sound generator. Methods Forty individuals of both genders with hearing loss and tinnitus complaints were deemed eligible to compose the sample. They were enrolled according to clinical symptoms and submitted to the following procedures: anamnesis and previous complaint history, high frequency audiometry, immittanciometry and acuphenometry with the research of psychoacoustic thresholds of pitch, loudness and minimum masking threshold, sound generator, in addition to the application of the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory and Visual Analog Scale tools. The entire sample was adapted with Siemens hearing aids and a sound generator, participated in a counseling session with support of digital material and evaluated in two situations: Initial Assessment (before the hearing aids and sound generator adaptation) and Final Assessment (6 months, after adaptation). The statistical analyzes were descriptive and inferential, adopted a significance level of 5% and the T-Paired Test and the Spearman Correlation test were performed. Results The results showed that there was a benefit with the use of hearing aids combined with a sound generator from the statistically significant values and strong correlations between the sound generator verification data regarding acuphenometry and the nuisance/severity questionnaires. Regarding the verification of the sound generator, it is important to highlight that the entire sample selected the effective acoustic stimulation based on the comfort levels, which was proved in the present study to be a sufficient intensity for positive prognosis, whereas the users' noises were found below the psychoacoustic thresholds of acuphenometry. Conclusion The present study concluded that the audiological intervention with any level of sound stimulus is enough to obtain a positive prognosis in the medium term. Data that specifies that the verification of sound generator was effective at the real ear measurements are important in the evaluation and intervention of the complaint. In addition, it points out that the greater the tinnitus perception, the greater its severity, and the greater the nuisance, the higher the psychoacoustics thresholds of frequency and the minimum threshold of masking.