Adenanthera pavonina L, Fabaceae, conhecida na região de Bengala por "rakta kombol", é uma planta medicinal endêmica do sul da China e da Índia e amplamente difundida na Malásia, África Ocidental e Oriental, bem como na maioria das ilhas de ambas as regiões do Pacífico e Caribe. Esta planta tem sido utilizada na medicina tradicional para o tratamento da asma, febre, diarréia, gota, inflamações, reumatismo tumor, úlceras, e como tônico. Cascas secas e moídas de A. pavonina foi submetida a extração sucessiva com éter de petróleo (PE), diclorometano (DCM), acetato de etila (AcOEt) e metanol (MeOH), e os extratos foram avaliados in vivo para atividade anti-inflamatória induzida por carragenina tendo como ensaio modelo de inflamação edema de pata em ratos.. Os extratos foram administrados por via oral em doses de 200 e 400 mg/kg de peso corporal, e foram observadas efeitos anti-inflamatórios de maneira dose-dependente, estatisticamente significativos (p<0,001). O extrato metanólico (400 mg/kg) apresentou 37,10% (p<0,01) de inibição da inflamação na primeira hora do estudo e, o extrato DCM (400 mg/kg) apresentou 33,11% (p<0,001) na inibição da inflamação na terceira hora do estudo, que foi comparável ao resultado da substância de referência diclofenato de sódio. Os resultados deste estudo confirmaram alguns dos usos tradicionais desta planta medicinal.

Adenanthera pavonina L, Fabaceae alt. Leguminosae, Bengali name 'rakta kombol', is an Indian medicinal plant. It is endemic to Southern China and India, and widely naturalized in Malaysia, Western and Eastern Africa as well as in most islands of both the Pacific and Caribbean regions. This plant has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of asthma, boil, diarrhoea, gout, inflammations, rheumatism, tumour and ulcers, and as a tonic. The dried and ground bark of A. pavonina L. was extracted, successively, with petroleum ether (PE), dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and methanol (MeOH), and the resulting extracts were assessed in vivo for anti-inflammatory activity on carrageenan-induced rat hind paw oedema as a model of inflammation. The extracts were administered orally at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight, and statistically significant (p<0.001) anti-inflammatory effects were observed in a dose dependant manner. The MeOH extract (400 mg/kg) showed 37.10% (p<0.01) inhibition of inflammation at the first hour of the study and, the DCM extract (400 mg/kg) exhibited 33.11% (p<0.001) inhibition of inflammation at the third hour of the study which was comparable with that of reference standard drug dichlofenac sodium. The results of this study supported some of the traditional medicinal uses of this plant.

Uma mistura diastereomérica (55:45) de 3-oxo-23,24-dinorcol-4-en-22-hydroxi ácidos (4A e 4B) foi sintetizada a partir de 3-oxo-23,24-dinorcol-4-en-22-al (1) em 3 etapas. Similarmente, 3-oxo-5β-cholano-24-hidroxi ácido (9) foi sintetizado a partir de 5β-cholano-3α,24-diol (5) em 4 etapas. Dados espectroscópicos completos para estes compostos são apresentados.

A diastereomeric mixture (55:45) of 3-oxo-23,24-dinorchol-4-en-22-hydroxy acids (4A and 4B) was synthesized from 3-oxo-23,24-dinorchol-4-en-22-al (1) in 3 steps. Similarly, 3-oxo-5β-cholane-24-hydroxy acid (9) was synthesized from 5β-cholane-3α,24-diol (5) in 4 steps. Full spectroscopic data for these compounds are presented.

Análise das partes aéreas de Chrozophora tinctoria (Euphorbiaceae) através de HPLC preparativa com coluna de fase reversa produziu cinco glicosídeos de flavonóides, quercetina 3-O-rutinosídeo (1, rutina), acacetina 7-O-rutinosídeo (2), apigenina 7-O-b-D-[(6-p-cumaroil)]-glicopiranosídeo (3), apigenina 7-O-b-D-glicopiranosídeo (4) e apigenina 7-O-b-D-[-(3,4-diidroxibenzoil)]-glicopiranosídeo (chamado crozoforina, 5), sendo o último um novo produto natural. As estruturas dessas substâncias foram inequivocamente elucidadas por análise de espectrofotometria de UV com o uso de reagentes de deslocamento, ESIMS, e técnicas de RMN 1D e 2D. A atividade de captura de radicais livres do extrato metanólico (RC50 = 2,24 x 10-1 mg/mL) bem como das substâncias isoladas (1-5) (RC50 = 4,38 x 10-3, 2,26 x 10-2, 7,69 x 10-4, 8,71 x 10-3 e 3,19 x 10-4 mg/mL, respectivamente) foram analisados pelo método DPPH.

Preparative reversed-phase HPLC analysis of the methanol extract of the aerial parts of Chrozophora tinctoria (Euphorbiaceae) yielded five flavonoid glycosides, quercetin 3-O-rutinoside (1, rutin), acacetin 7-O-rutinoside (2), apigenin 7-O-b-D-[(6-p-coumaroyl)]-glucopyranoside (3), apigenin 7-O- b-D-glucopyranoside (4) and apigenin 7-O-b-D-[6-(3,4-dihydroxybenzoyl)]-glucopyranoside (named, chrozophorin, 5), the last one being a new natural product. The structures of these compounds were elucidated unambiguously by UV spectroscopic analyses using shift reagents, ESIMS, and 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques. The free-radical scavenging activity of the methanol extract (RC50 = 2.24 x 10-1 mg/mL) as well as the isolated compounds (1-5) (RC50 = 4.38 x 10-3, 2.26 x 10-2, 7.69 x 10-4, 8.71 x 10-3 and 3.19 x 10-4 mg/mL, respectively) were assessed by the DPPH assay.

In addition to three known phytoecdysteroids, a new phenolic glycoside (named, chenoalbuside) was isolated from the methanol extract of the seeds of Chenopodium album. While the structures of all phytoecdysteroids were elucidated by direct comparison of their spectroscopic data with published data, the structure of chenoalbuside was determined unequivocally by a combination of UV, MS and 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses. The antioxidant potential of the new compound was assessed by the DPPH assay, and the RC50 value was found to be 1.4 x 10-4 mg/mL.