ABSTRACT Mikania is a pantropical genus of Asteraceae with ca. 450 species distributed mainly in South America. Although most of its species occur in forested phytophysiognomies, significant richness is found in the mountaintop grasslands known as campos rupestres in Brazil. Recent botanical exploration of campos rupestres areas outside their core distribution, namely Serra do Padre Ângelo, Pico da Aliança, and Sete Salões State Park, all located in the eastern part of the state of Minas Gerais and within the Atlantic Forest phytogeographic domain, led to the description of several new plant species. After fieldwork and study of herbarium specimens, we recognize two new species of Mikania endemic to Pico da Aliança and Serra do Padre Ângelo. Mikania semirii is related to Mikania phaeoclados and differs by leaf indumentum, subinvolucral bract shape and size and position on the peduncle. Mikania funkiae is related to Mikania glauca and Mikania obtusata, and differs by the petiole length, leaf shape, texture, and margins. We provide full descriptions, illustrations, distribution maps, composite color figures, preliminary conservation status assessments, and comments on the taxonomy and ecology of these two species. These findings highlight the continued importance of floristic and taxonomic work on the rich eastern Brazilian flora.

Resumo Dentre os gêneros de Asteraceae destaca-se Mikania que compreende ca. 450 espécies de distribuição principalmente neotropical. Mikania é considerado monofilético e pode ser facilmente reconhecido pelos capítulos com quatro flores e quatro brácteas involucrais subentendidos por uma bráctea subinvolucral. Este estudo objetivou realizar o levantamento florístico do gênero Mikania no Ceará, nordeste do Brasil. Foram analisadas amostras dos herbários ALCB, EAC, HCDAL, HUEFS, HVASF, IPA, K, P, NY e R, consultadas bibliografias especializadas e imagens disponíveis nas bases SpeciesLink, JSTOR e Herbário Virtual Reflora, além de coletas obtidas atraves de expedições a campo. Para o Ceará foram listadas oito espécies de Mikania, das quais três são novos registros. Mikania biformis é também nova ocorrência para a Região Nordeste. Mikania elliptica e M. ternata foram coletadas em ambientes de mata úmida; a primeira possuía registros apenas para a Bahia e Minas Gerais, em áreas de Caatinga e Cerrado, e a segunda, para a Bahia e regiões Sudeste e Sul do Brasil nos domínios do Cerrado e Mata Atlântica. As demais espécies (M. congesta, M. cordifolia, M. micrantha, M. psilostachya e M. vitifolia) são amplamente distribuídas no Brasil.

Abstract The genus Mikania is comprised of approximately 450 species, most of which, have neotropical distribution. Mikania is a monophyletic genus and can be easily recognized by the capitula with four phyllaries, four florets surrounded by a subinvolucral bract. This study aims to provide an inventory of Mikania in the Ceará state, northeast Brazil. The collections of the herbaria ALCB, EAC, HCDAL, HUEFS, HVASF, IPA, K, NY, P and R; data and images available on the websites SpeciesLink, JSTOR and Virtual Herbarium Reflora and specialized literature were analyzed, besides samples obtained through field expeditions. Mikania is represented in Ceará by eight species, of which three are new records for the state. Mikania biformis is also a new record in the Northeastern region. Mikania elliptica and M. ternata were collected in the rainforest areas. The former, until now was only recorded in the states of Bahia and Minas Gerais, in the Caatinga and Cerrado; while the latter, in Bahia and the South and Southeastern regions of Brazil, in the Cerrado and Mata Atlântica. The other species (M. congesta, M. cordifolia, M. micrantha, M. psilostachya and M. vitifolia) are widely distributed in Brazil.