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Abstract Preterm birth (PTB) is the main condition related to perinatal morbimortality worldwide. The aim of this study was to identify gene-environment interactions associated with spontaneous PTB or its predictors. We carried out a retrospective case-control study including parental sociodemographic and obstetric data as well as newborn genetic variants of 69 preterm and 61 at term newborns born at a maternity hospital from Tucumán, Argentina, between 2005 and 2010. A data-driven Bayesian network including the main PTB predictors was created where we identified gene-environment interactions. We used logistic regressions to calculate the odds ratios and confidence intervals of the interactions. From the main PTB predictors (nine exposures and six genetic variants) we identified an interaction between low neighbourhood socioeconomic status and rs2074351 (PON1, genotype GG) variant that was associated with an increased risk of toxoplasmosis (odds ratio 12.51, confidence interval 95%: 1.71 - 91.36). The results of this exploratory study suggest that structural social disparities could influence the PTB risk by increasing the frequency of exposures that potentiate the risk associated with individual characteristics such as genetic traits. Future studies with larger sample sizes are necessary to confirm these findings.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2023-0090

[SciELO Preprints] - Guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology on Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Chagas Disease Cardiomyopathy
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Marin-Neto, José Antonio Rassi Jr., Anis Moraes Oliveira, Gláucia M. Lemos Correia, Luís Claudio Novaes Ramos Jr., Alberto Hasslocher-Moreno, Alejandro Marcel Luquetti Ostermayer, Alejandro Sousa, Andréa Silvestre de Amato Vincenzo de Paola, Angelo Sobral de Sousa, Antonio Carlos Pinho Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz Correia Filho, Dalmo Moraes de Souza, Dilma do Socorro Cunha-Neto, Edecio J. A. Ramires, Felix Bacal, Fernando Pereira Nunes, Maria do Carmo Martinelli Filho, Martino Ibrahim Scanavacca, Maurício Magalhães Saraiva, Roberto Alves de Oliveira Júnior, Wilson M. Lorga-Filho, Adalberto de Jesus Benevides de Almeida Guimarães, Adriana Lopes Latado Braga, Adriana Sarmento de Oliveira, Adriana V. L. Sarabanda, Alvaro Yecê das Neves Pinto, Ana Assis Lopes do Carmo, André Schmidt, André Costa, Andréa Rodrigues da Ianni, Barbara Maria Markman Filho, Brivaldo Eduardo Rochitte, Carlos Thé Macedo, Carolina Mady, Charles Chevillard, Christophe Bittencourt das Virgens, Cláudio Marcelo Nery de Castro, Cleudson De Paoli de Carvalho Britto, Constança Felícia Pisani, Cristiano do Carmo Rassi, Daniela C. Sobral Filho, Dario Rodrigues Almeida, Dirceu A. Bocchi, Edimar T. Mesquita, Evandro de Souza Nogueira Sardinha Mendes, Fernanda Pereira, Francisca Tatiana Sperandio da Silva, Gilberto Marcelo de Lima Peixoto, Giselle Glotz de Lima, Gustavo H. Veloso, Henrique Turin Moreira, Henrique Bellotti Lopes, Hugo Masciarelli Francisco Pinto, Ibraim Pinto Dias, João Carlos Bemfica, João Marcos Silva-Nunes, João Paulo Soares Barreto-Filho, José Augusto Kerr Saraiva, José Francisco Lannes-Vieira, Joseli Menezes Oliveira, Joselina Luzia V. Armaganijan, Luciana Martins, Luiz Cláudio C. Sangenis, Luiz Henrique Barbosa, Marco Paulo Almeida-Santos, Marcos Antônio Simões, Marcos Vinicius Shikanai-Yasuda, Maria Aparecida Vieira Moreira, Maria da Consolação Higuchi, Maria de Lourdes Costa Monteiro, Maria Rita de Cássia Felix Mediano, Mauro Felippe Maia Lima, Mayara T. Oliveira, Maykon Moreira Dias Romano , Minna Nitz, Nadjar de Tarso Jorge Medeiros, Paulo Vieira Alves, Renato Alkmim Teixeira, Ricardo Coury Pedrosa, Roberto Aras, Roque Morais Torres, Rosália dos Santos Povoa, Rui Manoel Rassi, Sérgio Gabriel Salles Xavier, Sérgio Marinho Martins Alves , Silvia B. N. Tavares, Suelene Lima Palmeira, Swamy da Silva Junior, Telêmaco Luiz da Rocha Rodrigues, Thiago Madrini Junior, Vagner Maia da Costa , Veruska Dutra, Walderez

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Fecha de publicación: 2022-10-11

Resumen: En Pt

This guideline aimed to update the concepts and formulate the standards of conduct and scientific evidence that support them, regarding the diagnosis and treatment of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, with special emphasis on the rationality base that supported it.nbsp; Chagas disease in the 21st century maintains an epidemiological pattern of endemicity in 21 Latin American countries. Researchers and managers from endemic and non-endemic countries point to the need to adopt comprehensive public health policies to effectively control the interhuman transmission of T. cruzi infection, and to obtain an optimized level of care for already infected individuals, focusing on diagnostic and therapeutic opportunistic opportunities. nbsp; Pathogenic and pathophysiological mechanisms of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease were revisited after in-depth updating and the notion that necrosis and fibrosis are stimulated by tissue parasitic persistence and adverse immune reaction, as fundamental mechanisms, assisted by autonomic and microvascular disorders, was well established. Some of them have recently formed potential targets of therapies.nbsp; The natural history of the acute and chronic phases was reviewed, with enhancement for oral transmission, indeterminate form and chronic syndromes. Recent meta-analyses of observational studies have estimated the risk of evolution from acute and indeterminate forms and mortality after chronic cardiomyopathy. Therapeutic approaches applicable to individuals with Indeterminate form of Chagas disease were specifically addressed. All methods to detect structural and/or functional alterations with various cardiac imaging techniques were also reviewed, with recommendations for use in various clinical scenarios. Mortality risk stratification based on the Rassi score, with recent studies of its application, was complemented by methods that detect myocardial fibrosis.nbsp; The current methodology for etiological diagnosis and the consequent implications of trypanonomic treatment deserved a comprehensive and in-depth approach. Also the treatment of patients at risk or with heart failure, arrhythmias and thromboembolic events, based on pharmacological and complementary resources, received special attention. Additional chapters supported the conducts applicable to several special contexts, including t. cruzi/HIV co-infection, risk during surgeries, in pregnant women, in the reactivation of infection after heart transplantation, and others.nbsp; nbsp;nbsp; Finally, two chapters of great social significance, addressing the structuring of specialized services to care for individuals with the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, and reviewing the concepts of severe heart disease and its medical-labor implications completed this guideline.

Esta diretriz teve como objetivo principal atualizar os conceitos e formular as normas de conduta e evidências científicas que as suportam, quanto ao diagnóstico e tratamento da CDC, com especial ênfase na base de racionalidade que a embasou. A DC no século XXI mantém padrão epidemiológico de endemicidade em 21 países da América Latina. Investigadores e gestores de países endêmicos e não endêmicos indigitam a necessidade de se adotarem políticas abrangentes, de saúde pública, para controle eficaz da transmissão inter-humanos da infecção pelo T. cruzi, e obter-se nível otimizado de atendimento aos indivíduos já infectados, com foco em oportunização diagnóstica e terapêutica. Mecanismos patogênicos e fisiopatológicos da CDC foram revisitados após atualização aprofundada e ficou bem consolidada a noção de que necrose e fibrose sejam estimuladas pela persistência parasitária tissular e reação imune adversa, como mecanismos fundamentais, coadjuvados por distúrbios autonômicos e microvasculares. Alguns deles recentemente constituíram alvos potenciais de terapêuticas. A história natural das fases aguda e crônica foi revista, com realce para a transmissão oral, a forma indeterminada e as síndromes crônicas. Metanálises recentes de estudos observacionais estimaram o risco de evolução a partir das formas aguda e indeterminada e de mortalidade após instalação da cardiomiopatia crônica. Condutas terapêuticas aplicáveis aos indivíduos com a FIDC foram abordadas especificamente. Todos os métodos para detectar alterações estruturais e/ou funcionais com variadas técnicas de imageamento cardíaco também foram revisados, com recomendações de uso nos vários cenários clínicos. Estratificação de risco de mortalidade fundamentada no escore de Rassi, com estudos recentes de sua aplicação, foi complementada por métodos que detectam fibrose miocárdica. A metodologia atual para diagnóstico etiológico e as consequentes implicações do tratamento tripanossomicida mereceram enfoque abrangente e aprofundado. Também o tratamento de pacientes em risco ou com insuficiência cardíaca, arritmias e eventos tromboembólicos, baseado em recursos farmacológicos e complementares, recebeu especial atenção. Capítulos suplementares subsidiaram as condutas aplicáveis a diversos contextos especiais, entre eles o da co-infecção por T. cruzi/HIV, risco durante cirurgias, em grávidas, na reativação da infecção após transplante cardíacos, e outros.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Por fim, dois capítulos de grande significado social, abordando a estruturação de serviços especializados para atendimento aos indivíduos com a CDC, e revisando os conceitos de cardiopatia grave e suas implicações médico-trabalhistas completaram esta diretriz.nbsp;

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.4820

THE INFLUENCE OF THE FILM FORMED ON THE PRATO CHEESE SURFACE DURING THE NACL AND KCL SALTING PROCESS: APPLICATION OF THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD AND NEURAL NETWORKS OF THE SELF-ORGANIZING MAP (SOM) AND MULTILAYER PERCEPTRON (MLP) TYPES
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Borsato, Dionisio

; Silva, Hágata C.

; Mantovani, Ana Carolina G.

; Clemente, Marco A. J.

; Oliveira, Talita F. de

; Angilelli, Karina B.

Química Nova

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Jun 2022, Volumen 45 Nº 6 Paginas 666 - 673

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Sodium chloride is used in the cheese salting process as it promotes sensory changes and food preservation. However, in excess can cause hypertension problems, and for this reason, it has been partially replaced by potassium chloride. In the present work, Prato cheese was subjected to joint diffusion of NaCl and KCl by immersion in static and stirred brine. The salt concentration values on the cheese surface were determined as a function of time. They were tabulated and presented to the self-organizing map (SOM)-type neural networks and the multilayer perceptron (MLP) for analysis and modeling of the film formed on the surface of the cheese during static and dynamic salting. The SOM network showed that the behavior of the diffusive process, on the surface of the cheese, depends on the analyzed position and that the points in which occupy similar positions, concerning the distance from the edge, have similar behavior. Regression models for NaCl and KCl were significant at the 5% level and can be used for predictive purposes.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170868

Effective recommendations towards healthy routines to preserve mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic
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Pilz, Luísa K.

; Couto Pereira, Natividade S.

; Francisco, Ana Paula

; Carissimi, Alicia

; Constantino, Débora B.

; Caus, Letícia B.

; Abreu, Ana Carolina O.

; Amando, Guilherme R.

; Bonatto, Fernanda S.

; Carvalho, Paula V.V.

; Cipolla-Neto, José

; Harb, Ana

; Lazzarotto, Gabriela

; Marafiga, Joseane Righes

; Minuzzi, Luciano

; Montagner, Francisco

; Nishino, Fernanda A.

; Oliveira, Melissa A.B.

; dos Santos, Bruno G.T.

; Steibel, Eduardo G.

; Tavares, Patrice S.

; Tonon, André C.

; Xavier, Nicóli B.

; Zanona, Querusche Klippel

; Amaral, Fernanda G.

; Calcagnotto, Maria Elisa

; Frey, Benicio N.

; Hidalgo, Maria Paz

; Idiart, Marco

; Russomano, Thais

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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Abr 2022, Volumen 44 Nº 2 Paginas 136 - 146

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Objective: To assess the adherence to a set of evidence-based recommendations to support mental health during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and its association with depressive and anxiety symptoms. Methods: A team of health workers and researchers prepared the recommendations, formatted into three volumes (1: COVID-19 prevention; 2: Healthy habits; 3: Biological clock and sleep). Participants were randomized to receive only Volume 1 (control), Volumes 1 and 2, Volumes 1 and 3, or all volumes. We used a convenience sample of Portuguese-speaking participants over age 18 years. An online survey consisting of sociodemographic and behavioral questionnaires and mental health instruments (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 [PHQ-9] and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 [GAD-7]) was administered. At 14 and 28 days later, participants were invited to complete follow-up surveys, which also included questions regarding adherence to the recommendations. A total of 409 participants completed the study – mostly young adult women holding university degrees. Results: The set of recommendations contained in Volumes 2 and 3 was effective in protecting mental health, as suggested by significant associations of adherence with PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores (reflecting anxiety and depression symptoms, respectively). Conclusion: The recommendations developed in this study could be useful to prevent negative mental health effects in the context of the pandemic and beyond.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2021-2109

COVID-19 in the Perioperative Period of Cardiovascular Surgery: the Brazilian Experience
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Gomes, Walter J.

; Rocco, Isadora

; Pimentel, Wallace S.

; Pinheiro, Aislan H. B.

; Souza, Paulo M. S.

; Costa, Luiz A. A.

; Teixeira, Marjory M. P.

; Ohashi, Leonardo P.

; Bublitz, Caroline

; Begot, Isis

; Moreira, Rita Simone L

; Hossne Jr, Nelson A.

; Vargas, Guilherme F.

; Branco, João Nelson R.

; Teles, Carlos A.

; Medeiros, Eduardo A. S.

; Sáfadi, Camila

; Rampinelli, Amândio

; Moratelli Neto, Leopoldo

; Rosado, Anderson Rosa

; Mesacasa, Franciele Kuhn

; Capriata, Ismael Escobar

; Segalote, Rodrigo Coelho

; Palmieri, Deborah Louize da Rocha Vianna

; Jardim, Amanda Cristina Mendes

; Vianna, Diego Sarty

; Coutinho, Joaquim Henrique de Souza Aguiar

; Jazbik, João Carlos

; Coutinho, Henrique Madureira da Rocha

; Kikuta, Gustavo

; Almeida, Zely Sant'Anna Marotti de

; Feguri, Gibran Roder

; Lima, Paulo Ruiz Lucio de

; Franco, Anna Carolina

; Borges, Danilo de Cerqueira

; Cruz, Felipe Ramos Honorato De La

; Croti, Ulisses Alexandre

; Borim, Bruna Cury

; Marchi, Carlos Henrique De

; Goraieb, Lilian

; Postigo, Karolyne Barroca Sanches

; Jucá, Fabiano Gonçalves

; Oliveira, Fátima Rosane de Almeida

; Souza, Rafael Bezerra de

; Zilli, Alexandre Cabral

; Mas, Raul Gaston Sanchez

; Bettiati Junior, Luiz Carlos

; Tranchesi, Ricardo

; Bertini Jr, Ayrton

; Franco, Leandro Vieira

; Fernandes, Priscila

; Oliveira, Fabiana

; Moraes Jr, Roberto

; Araújo, Thiago Cavalcanti Vila Nova de

; Braga, Otávio Penna

; Pedrosa Sobrinho, Antônio Cavalcanti

; Teixeira, Roberta Tavares Barreto

; Camboim, Irla Lavor Lucena

; Gomes, Eduardo Nascimento

; Reis, Pedro Horigushi

; Garcia, Luara Piovan

; Scorsioni, Nelson Henrique Goes

; Lago, Roberto

; Guizilini, Solange

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery

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Dic 2021, Volumen 36 Nº 6 Paginas 725 - 735

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Introduction: We investigated the clinical course and outcomes of patients submitted to cardiovascular surgery in Brazil and who had developed symptoms/signs of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the perioperative period. Methods: A retrospective multicenter study including 104 patients who were allocated in three groups according to time of positive real time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2): group 1, patients who underwent cardiac surgery > 10 days after positive RT-PCR; group 2, patients with a positive RT-PCR within 10 days before or after surgery; group 3, patients who presented positive RT-PCR > 10 days after surgery. The primary outcome was mortality and secondary outcomes were postoperative complications, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, and postoperative days of hospitalization. Results: The three groups were similar with respect to age, the European System of Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation score, and comorbidities, except hypertension. Postoperative complications and death were significantly higher in groups 2 and 3 than in group 1, and no significant difference between groups 2 and 3 was seen. Group 2 showed a high prevalence of surgery performed as an urgent procedure. Although no significant differences were observed in ICU length of stay, total postoperative hospitalization time was significantly higher in group 3 than in groups 1 and 2. Conclusion: COVID-19 affecting the postoperative period of patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery is associated with a higher rate of morbidity and mortality. Delaying procedures in RT-PCR-positive patients may help reduce risks of perioperative complications and death.

https://doi.org/10.21470/1678-9741-2021-0960

Identification and recombinant expression of an antimicrobial peptide (cecropin B-like) from soybean pest Anticarsia gemmatalis
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Ramos, Luís Felipe Costa

; Rangel, João Henrique de Oliveira

; Andrade, Guilherme Caldas

; Lixa, Carolina

; Castilho, Livia Vieira Araujo de

; Nogueira, Fábio César Sousa

; Pinheiro, Anderson S.

; Gomes, Fabio Mendonça

; AnoBom, Cristiane Dinis

; Almeida, Rodrigo Volcan

; Oliveira, Danielle Maria Perpétua de

Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases

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2021, Volumen 27 elocation e20200127

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background Insects can be found in numerous diverse environments, being exposed to pathogenic organisms like fungi and bacteria. Once these pathogens cross insect physical barriers, the innate immune system operates through cellular and humoral responses. Antimicrobial peptides are small molecules produced by immune signaling cascades that develop an important and generalist role in insect defenses against a variety of microorganisms. In the present work, a cecropin B-like peptide (AgCecropB) sequence was identified in the velvetbean caterpillar Anticarsia gemmatalis and cloned in a bacterial plasmid vector for further heterologous expression and antimicrobial tests. Methods AgCecropB sequence (without the signal peptide) was cloned in the plasmid vector pET-M30-MBP and expressed in the Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) expression host. Expression was induced with IPTG and a recombinant peptide was purified using two affinity chromatography steps with Histrap column. The purified peptide was submitted to high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and structural analyses. Antimicrobial tests were performed using gram-positive (Bacillus thuringiensis) and gram-negative (Burkholderia kururiensis and E. coli) bacteria. Results AgCecropB was expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) at 28°C with IPTG 0.5 mM. The recombinant peptide was purified and enriched after purification steps. HRMS confirmed AgCrecropB molecular mass (4.6 kDa) and circular dichroism assay showed α-helix structure in the presence of SDS. AgCrecropB inhibited almost 50% of gram-positive B. thuringiensis bacteria growth. Conclusions The first cecropin B-like peptide was described in A. gemmatalis and a recombinant peptide was expressed using a bacterial platform. Data confirmed tertiary structure as predicted for the cecropin peptide family. AgCecropB was capable to inhibit B. thuringiensis growth in vitro.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2020-0127 695 descargas

QUALITY OF TROPICAL HARDWOOD FLOORS
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Costa, Ana Carolina Silva

; Oliveira, Aylson Costa

; Pereira, Bárbara Luísa Corradi

; Silva, José Reinaldo Moreira da

; Oliveira, Mônica Bezerra de

; Xavier, Carolina Nogueira

Revista Árvore

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2021, Volumen 45 elocation e4503

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a densidade básica da madeira e simular o comportamento em uso de pisos maciços produzidos com madeiras de cinco espécies tropicais: Dipteryx odorata (cumaru), Handroanthus spp. (ipê), Hymenaea courbaril (jatobá), Astronium lecointei (muiracatiara) e Bowdichia virgilioides (sucupira-preta). Nos testes de simulação foram realizados os ensaios de impacto da esfera de aço cadente, de atrito estático e dinâmico, de endentação causada por cargas aplicadas em pequenas áreas, de carga rolante e de abrasividade. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância e ao teste de Tukey, a 5% de significância, e realizou-se a correlação de Pearson entre a densidade básica e os índices de cada ensaio de simulação de pisos. A densidade básica dos pisos de madeira das espécies avaliadas variou de 0,735 a 0,958 g·cm-3, sendo as madeiras de D. odorata, Handroanthus spp. e H. courbaril classificadas como pesadas e as de A. lecointei e B. virgilioides como moderadamente pesadas. Foi possível indicar os pisos de D. odorata, Handroanthus spp., H. courbaril e B. virgilioides para ambientes com tráfego intenso, onde há o arraste ou a queda de objetos, como indústrias e empresas. Já o piso de A. lecointei pode ser utilizado em ambientes residenciais, com tráfego leve, onde as cargas exercidas sejam baixas. Houve correlação entre a densidade básica da madeira e os ensaios de simulação dos pisos em uso.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the basic density of the wood and to simulate the performance of flooring produced with wood from five tropical species: Dipteryx odorata (Cumaru), Handroanthus spp. (Ipê), Hymenaea Courbaril (Jatobá), Astronium Lecointei (Muiracatiara), and Bowdichia virgilioides (Sucupira-Preta). Falling steel sphere, static and dynamic friction, indentation caused by loads applied in small areas, rolling load, and abrasiveness impact tests were simulated. The results were subjected to analysis of variance and Tukey’s test at 5% significance, and Pearson’s correlation was performed between the basic density and the indexes of each flooring. The basic density of the wood flooring made from the evaluated species ranged from 0.735 to 0.958 g.cm-3. D. odorata, Handroanthus spp. and H. courbaril woods were classified as heavy, while those of A. Lecointei and B. Virgilioides as moderately heavy. It was possible to indicate D. odorata, Handroanthus spp., H. courbaril, and B. Virgilioides flooring for environments with intense traffic where there is dragging or falling objects such as industries and companies. The A. Lecointei flooring can be used in residential environments with light traffic, where the loads exerted are low. There was a correlation between the basic wood density and the flooring use simulation tests.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-908820210000003 402 descargas

Human-SARS-CoV-2 interactome and human genetic diversity: TMPRSS2-rs2070788, associated with severe influenza, and its population genetics caveats in Native Americans
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Kehdy, Fernanda S.G.

; Pita-Oliveira, Murilo

; Scudeler, Mariana M.

; Torres-Loureiro, Sabrina

; Zolini, Camila

; Moreira, Rennan

; Michelin, Lucas A.

; Alvim, Isabela

; Silva-Carvalho, Carolina

; Furlan, Vinicius C.

; Aquino, Marla M.

; Santolalla, Meddly L.

; Borda, Victor

; Soares-Souza, Giordano B.

; Jaramillo-Valverde, Luis

; Vasquez-Dominguez, Andres

; Neira, Cesar Sanchez

; Aguiar, Renato S.

; Verdugo, Ricardo A.

; O`Connor, Timothy D.

; Guio, Heinner

; Tarazona-Santos, Eduardo

; Leal, Thiago P.

; Rodrigues-Soares, Fernanda

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2021, Volumen 44 Nº 1 elocation e20200484

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract For human/SARS-CoV-2 interactome genes ACE2, TMPRSS2 and BSG, there is a convincing evidence of association in Asians with influenza-induced SARS for TMPRSS2-rs2070788, tag-SNP of the eQTL rs383510. This case illustrates the importance of population genetics and of sequencing data in the design of genetic association studies in different human populations: the high linkage disequilibrium (LD) between rs2070788 and rs383510 is Asian-specific. Leveraging on a combination of genotyping and sequencing data for Native Americans (neglected in genetic studies), we show that while their frequencies of the Asian tag-SNP rs2070788 is, surprisingly, the highest worldwide, it is not in LD with the eQTL rs383510, that therefore, should be directly genotyped in genetic association studies of SARS in populations with Native American ancestry.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0484 193 descargas

Decolorization of remazol brilliant blue R with laccase from Lentinus crinitus grown in agro-industrial by-products
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ALMEIDA, PATRÍCIA H.

; OLIVEIRA, ANA CAROLINA C. DE

; SOUZA, GENYFER P.N. DE

; FRIEDRICH, JULIANA C.

; LINDE, GIANI A.

; COLAUTO, NELSON B.

; VALLE, JULIANA S. DO

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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Dic 2018, Volumen 90 Nº 4 Paginas 3463 - 3473

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Lentinus crinitus is a white-rot fungus that produces laccase, an enzyme used for dye decolorization. Enzyme production depends on cultivation conditions, mainly agro-industrial by-products. We aimed to produce laccase from Lentinus crinitus with agro-industrial by-products for dye decolorization. Culture medium had coffee husk (CH) or citric pulp pellet (CP) and different nitrogen sources (urea, yeast extract, ammonium sulfate and sodium nitrate) at concentrations of 0, 0.7, 1.4, 2.8, 5.6 and 11.2 g/L. Enzymatic extract was used in the decolorization of remazol brilliant blue R. CH medium promoted greater laccase production than CP in all evaluated conditions. Urea provided the greatest laccase production for CH (37280 U/L) as well as for CP (34107 U/L). In CH medium, laccase activity was suppressed when carbon-to-nitrogen ratio changed from 4.5 to 1.56, but the other nitrogen concentrations did not affect laccase activity. For CP medium, reduction in carbon-to-nitrogen ratio from 6 to 1.76 increased laccase activity in 17%. The peak of laccase activity in CH medium occurred on the 11th day (41246 U/L) and in CP medium on the 12th day (32660 U/L). The maximum decolorization within 24 h was observed with CP enzymatic extract (74%) and with CH extract (76%).

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201820170458 1105 descargas

10.

BsmI polymorphism in the vitamin D receptor gene is associated with 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels in individuals with cognitive decline
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Oliveira, Ana Carolina R. de

; Magalhães, Carolina A.

; Loures, Cristina M. G.

; Fraga, Vanessa G.

; Souza, Leonardo C. de

; Guimarães, Henrique C.

; Cintra, Marco T. G.

; Bicalho, Maria A.

; Sousa, Maira C. R.

; Silveira, Josianne N.

; Silva, Ieda F. O.

; Caramelli, Paulo

; Carvalho, Maria G.

; Gomes, Karina B.

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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Nov 2018, Volumen 76 Nº 11 Paginas 760 - 766

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Idosos apresentam risco elevado de desenvolverem deficiência de Vitamina D (VitD) devido à diminuição da ingestão e da síntese na pele. A maioria das ações biológicas da VitD é mediada pelo receptor da vitamina D (VDR), que está presente nos neurônios e células gliais do hipocampo, e no córtex e em núcleos subcorticais, áreas essenciais para a cognição. Sabe-se que polimorfismos do gene VDR podem diminuir a afinidade do VDR pela VitD. Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a influência dos níveis de VitD no declínio cognitivo em pacientes com demência devida à doença de Alzheimer (DA, n = 32) e comprometimento cognitivo leve (CCL, n = 15) em comparação a um grupo de idosos cognitivamente saudáveis (n = 24). Nós também avaliamos a associação entre polimorfimos no gene do receptor de VitD e as alterações cognitivas. Métodos: Quatro polimorfismos no gene VDR foram estudados, sendo BsmI, ApaI, FokI e TaqI, por PCR-RFLP. Os níveis séricos de 25-hidroxi vitamina D (25(OH)D) foram determinados por HPLC. Resultados: Não houve diferença significativa nos níveis de 25(OH)D ou nas frequências genotípicas / alélicas entre os grupos. Níveis deficientes de 25(OH)D foram mais frequentes nas mulheres. Os genótipos AA / AG do polimorfismo BsmI foram associados a níveis suficientes de 25(OH)D, enquanto o genótipo GG deste mesmo polimorfismo foi associado a níveis insuficientes no grupo com comprometimento cognitivo (em indivíduos com DA ou CCL). Conclusões: Os resultados obtidos não confirmam a relação entre redução dos níveis de VitD, polimorfismos no gene VDR e função cognitiva alterada nesta amostra. No entanto, os dados indicam que o polimorfismo BsmI no gene VDR está associado aos níveis de VitD em indivíduos com declínio cognitivo.

ABSTRACT Elderly people are at a high risk of developing vitamin D (VitD) deficiency due to both decreased intake and cutaneous synthesis. Most of the biological actions of VitD are mediated by the vitamin D receptor (VDR), which is present in neurons and glial cells of the hippocampus, and in the cortex and subcortical nuclei, essential areas for cognition. It is known that VDR gene polymorphisms may decrease the VDR affinity for VitD. Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the influence of VitD levels on cognitive decline in patients with dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (AD, n = 32) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 15) compared to cognitively healthy elderly (n = 24). We also evaluated the association of VDR gene polymorphisms with cognitive disturbance. Methods: Four polymorphisms on the VDR gene were studied, namely, BsmI, ApaI, FokI and TaqI, by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Results: No significant difference in 25(OH)D levels or genotypic/allelic frequencies was observed between the groups. Deficiency of 25(OH)D was more frequently observed in women. The AA/AG genotypes of the BsmI polymorphism was associated with sufficient 25(OH)D levels, while the GG genotype of this same polymorphism was associated to insufficient levels in the cognitively-impaired group (individuals with AD or MCI). Conclusions: The data obtained do not confirm the relationship between reductions of VitD levels, polymorphisms in the VDR gene, and altered cognitive function in this sample. However, the data indicate that BsmI polymorphism in the VDR gene is associated with the VitD levels in individuals with cognitive decline.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20180116 1884 descargas

11.

Green tea supplementation promotes leukocyte telomere length elongation in obese women
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Nonino, Carla B.

; Caressato-Pinhanelli, Vitor

; Noronha, Natália Y.

; G.-Quinhoneiro, Driele C.

; Souza-Pinhel, Marcela A.

; de-Oliveira, Bruno A.P

; Marchini, Julio Sergio

; Ferreira-Nicoletti, Carolina

Nutrición Hospitalaria

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Jun 2018, Volumen 35 Nº 3 Paginas 570 - 575

Resumen: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Introduction: inflammation and oxidative stress are factors that may play a substantial role in telomere attrition. In line of this, obesity is associated with telomere shortening. Green tea had anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and may alter telomere length (TL). Objectives: we evaluated the effect of decaffeinated green tea supplementation in obese women on TL. Methods: we conducted a cross-sectional interventional study with ten obese (body mass index [BMI] > 40 kg/m²) and eight normal weight (BMI > 18.5 and < 24.9 kg/m²) women (age between 27 and 48 years). The supplementation was carried out with capsules (each contained 450.7 mg of epigallocatechin-3-gallate) during eight weeks. Anthropometric and dietary intake assessment, and blood collection (for biochemical and TL analysis by quantitative PCR) were performed before and after supplementation. Normal weight patients were evaluated at a single moment. Results: we observed a significant increase on TL after supplementation (1.57 ± 1.1 to 3.2 ± 2.1 T/Sratio; p < 0.05). Moreover, we found shorter TL in obese patients (day 0) when compared to normal weight individuals (3.2 ± 1.9 T/Sratio; p < 0.05) and an inverse association between TL and BMI, even after age adjustment (beta = -0.527; r² = 0.286; IC = -0.129, -0.009). Conclusion: obesity is related to shorter telomeres. Green tea supplementation during eight weeks promotes telomere elongation in obese women.

Resumen Introducción: la inflamación y el estrés oxidativo son factores que pueden jugar un papel importante en el desgaste de los telómeros. En línea con esto, la obesidad está asociada con el acortamiento de los telómeros. El té verde tiene efectos antiinflamatorios y antioxidantes y puede alterar la longitud de los telómeros (LT). Objetivos: evaluamos el efecto de la suplementación de té verde descafeinado en la LT en mujeres obesas. Métodos: realizamos un estudio intervencionista de corte transversal con 10 mujeres obesas (IMC > 40 kg/m²) y 8 con peso normal (IMC > 18,5 y < 24,9 kg/m²) (edad entre 27 y 48 años). La suplementación se llevó a cabo con cápsulas (cada una contenía 450,7 mg de epigalocatequina-3-galato) durante 8 semanas. La evaluación de la ingesta antropométrica y dietética y la recolección de sangre (para análisis bioquímicos y LT por PCR cuantitativa) se realizaron antes y después de la administración de suplementos. Los pacientes de peso normal fueron evaluados en un solo momento. Resultados: observamos un aumento significativo en LT después de la suplementación (1,57 ± 1,1 a 3,2 ± 2,1 T/S ratio; p < 0,05). Además, encontramos LT más corta en pacientes obesos (día 0) en comparación con individuos de peso normal (3,2 ± 1,9 T/S ratio; p < 0,05) y una asociación inversa entre LT e IMC, incluso después del ajuste de edad (beta = -0,527; r² = 0,286; IC = -0,129, -0,009). Conclusión: la obesidad está relacionada con los telómeros más cortos. La administración de suplementos de té verde durante 8 semanas promueve la elongación de los telómeros en mujeres obesas.

https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.1392 316 descargas

12.

Doenças do sistema nervoso central de bezerros no sul do Rio Grande do Sul: uma contribuição ao diagnóstico diferencial
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Santos, Bianca L.

; Estima-Silva, Pablo

; Coelho, Ana Carolina B.

; Oliveira, Plinio A.

; Soares, Mauro P.

; Sallis, Eliza S.V.

; Bruhn, Fabio R.P.

; Schild, Ana Lucia

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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Abr 2018, Volumen 38 Nº 4 Paginas 685 - 691

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Este estudo teve o objetivo de determinar a frequência das enfermidades do sistema nervoso central que afetam bezerros até 12 meses de idade na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul. Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo estabelecendo-se as principais enfermidades observadas nesta categoria de bovinos em um período de 36 anos. Foram revisados os protocolos de necropsia e de materiais remetidos ao Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico da Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Pelotas entre janeiro de 1978 e dezembro de 2015 referentes aos bovinos até 12 meses de idade que apresentavam sinais neurológicos. Foram resgatados os dados epidemiológicos referentes à procedência dos animais, tipo de criação, raça, idade e época de ocorrência e frequência de cada enfermidade. Foram identificados 615 casos de bovinos com sinais neurológicos, dos quais 162 (26,3%) tinham até 12 meses de idade. Os diagnósticos foram agrupados por etiologia, sendo que as enfermidades virais totalizaram 42,6% dos casos; as doenças bacterianas 19,1% e as doenças parasitárias 17,3%. Os defeitos congênitos e as doenças hereditárias representaram 6,2% dos casos, seguidos pelas intoxicações e micotoxicoses com 4,9%; pelas doenças carenciais e multifatoriais ambas com 2,5% dos casos e pelos traumatismos com 1,9%, doenças degenerativas e neoplasias com 0,6% dos diagnósticos. Os casos inconclusivos representaram 1,86% do total. Nos bezerros até os 90 dias as principais enfermidades foram os defeitos congênitos e as meningites e encefalites por causas bacterianas, além dos abscessos do sistema nervoso central; nos bezerros entre os quatro e nove meses as enfermidades tiveram uma frequência mais baixa destacando-se apenas a raiva. A partir dos 10 até os 12 meses a babesiose, a raiva e a encefalite por herpesvírus bovino foram as mais importantes como causa de morte.

ABSTRACT: This paper aimed to determine the frequency of diseases of the central nervous system affecting calves under 12 months of age in southern Rio Grande do Sul. A retrospective study was conducted determining the main diseases observed in this category of cattle over a period of 36 years. We reviewed all the necropsy protocols and materials sent to the laboratory between 1978 and December 2015 relating to cattle under 12 months of age that showed neurological signs. The epidemiological data concerning the origin of the animals, raising system, breed, age and time of occurrence of each disease and frequency were taken from necropsy protocols. Out of 615 cases with neurological signs, 162 (26.3%) corresponded to cattle with age up to 12 months. The diagnoses were grouped by etiology of viral diseases (42.6%), bacterial diseases (19.1%), parasitic diseases (17.3%), congenital defects, hereditary diseases (6.2%), poisoning, mycotoxicoses (4.9%), nutritional deficiency and multifactorial diseases (2.5%), and trauma, degenerative diseases and neoplasms with 0.62% of diagnoses. Inconclusive cases represented 1.9% of the total diagnosed. In 1 to 90 day-old calves the main diseases observed were congenital defects, meningitis and encephalitis caused by bacteria. Central nervous system abscesses were also observed. In 4 to 9 month-old calves a lower frequency of disease were noted. Rabies was the most important disease diagnosed in this category. Babesiosis, rabies and encephalitis by bovine herpesvirus were the most important causes of death in 10 to 12 month-old calves.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-5360 7015 descargas

13.

The challenges with Glässer’s disease in technified pig production
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Pereira, Daniele A.

; Dalla-Costa, Filipe A.

; Ferroni, Lívia B.

; Moraes, Carolina N.

; Schocken-Iturrino, Ruben P.

; Oliveira, Luís G.

Austral journal of veterinary sciences

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May 2017, Volumen 49 Nº 2 Paginas 63 - 69

Resumen: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT: The swine upper respiratory tract is early colonised by Haemophilus parasuis, a bacteria which causes Glässer´s disease under favorable conditions. Glässer’s disease is a septicemic infectious disease characterised by causing polyserositis. The prevention of Glässer disease still represents a big challenge for the production chain, since the mechanism of systemic infection in pigs and virulence factors that prevent phagocytosis are not yet well understood. Even in swine herds with high sanitary standard, it is the main cause of mortality that has led to productive and economic losses in the pig industry worldwide. Although the H. parasuis genome sequence has been completed already, diagnosis is still difficult due to the existence of non-virulent strains and the early colonisation of the upper respiratory tract of healthy swines. This review aims to provide up-to-date information about the etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, gross and microscopic lesions, diagnosis, treatment and control of Glässer’s disease.

RESUMEN: El tracto respiratorio superior del cerdo es colonizado inicialmente por Haemophilus parasuis, bacteria que en condiciones favorables causa la enfermedad de Glässer. La enfermedad de Glässer es una afección infecciosa que se caracteriza por el desarrollo de poliserositis septicémica. La prevención de esta enfermedad sigue siendo un problema en la producción porcina tecnificada, ya que los mecanismos de virulencia de este microorganismo y los factores sistémicos que impiden la fagocitosis no son bien conocidos. Inclusive en rebaños con un alto estándar de salud, H. parasuis es la principal causa de mortalidad, generando así pérdidas productivas y económicas en la industria porcina a nivel mundial. A pesar de que la secuencia del genoma de H. parasuis se ha completado recientemente, el diagnóstico aún se complica por la existencia de cepas no virulentas y la temprana colonización del tracto respiratorio superior de cerdos sanos. El objetivo de esta revisión es entregar información actualizada respecto de la etiología, epidemiología, patogénesis, signos clínicos, lesiones macroscópicas y microscópicas, diagnóstico, tratamiento y control de la enfermedad de Glässer.

1792 descargas

14.

Antimicrobial susceptibility profile of enterotoxigenic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates obtained from fecal specimens of children with acute diarrhea
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Oliveira, Patrícia Luciana de

; Paula, Caroline S.

; Rocha, Lisandra D.

; Collares, Guilherme B.

; Franco, Roger T.

; Silva, Carolina P.

; Farias, Luiz M.

; Penna, Francisco José

; Mendes, Edilberto N.

; Ferrari, Teresa Cristina A.

; Magalhães, Paula P.

Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial

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Abr 2017, Volumen 53 Nº 2 Paginas 115 - 118

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Entre as doenças cuja etiopatogenia está associada à Escherichia coli, destaca-se a doença diarreica aguda. Estudos que visam à caracterização do perfil de suscetibilidade antimicrobiana contribuem para o delineamento de antibioticoterapia empírica eficaz. Neste estudo, foi avaliado o perfil de suscetibilidade a antimicrobianos de 98 amostras de E. coli enterotoxigênica (ETEC) e E. coli enteropatogênica (EPEC) isoladas de crianças com doença diarreica. As frequências de resistência a ampicilina, sulfametoxazol-trimetoprima, amoxicilina-clavulanato e ácido nalidíxico foram elevadas, variando entre 34,7% e 10,2%. Esta pesquisa recomenda o emprego de cefotaxima e ceftriaxona para o tratamento empírico de crianças com quadro de diarreia cuja etiologia sugerida seja ETEC ou EPEC.

ABSTRACT Among the diseases which etiopathogenesis is associated with Escherichia coli, acute diarrhea stands out. Studies on the characterization of the antimicrobial susceptibility profile contribute to the selection of appropriate empirical antimicrobial therapy. In this study, the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of 98 enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) strains isolated from fecal specimens of children with acute diarrhea was evaluated. The resistance rates to ampicillin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, amoxicillin/clavulanate, and nalidixic acid were high, ranging from 34.7% to 10.2%. The result of this research recommends the use of cefotaxime and ceftriaxone for the empirical treatment of children with acute diarrhea which the etiology suggested is ETEC or EPEC.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1676-2444.20170019 1468 descargas

15.

Sesquiterpenoids from Nectandra megapotamica (Lauraceae)
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Oliveira, Carolina Q.

; Morandini, Liziane B.

; Pedroso, Marcelo

; T. Neto, Alexandre

; Silva, Ubiratan F.

; Mostardeiro, Marco A.

; Dalcol, Ionara I.

; Morel, Ademir F.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Ene 2017, Volumen 28 Nº 1 Paginas 21 - 29

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Five sesquiterpenoid oxides, named nectandrene A, B, C, D, and E, were isolated from the essential oil of the leaves of Nectandra megapotamica. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, and the relative configurations were proposed by their nuclear Overhauser effect (NOESY) spectrum. Three of these isolated compounds displayed significant antimicrobial activity; the compound most active had minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values between 3.12 and 25.0 μg mL-1 against some tested bacteria, and antifungal activity with MIC values between 12.5 and 25.0 μg mL-1.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-5053.20160141 613 descargas

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