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ABSTRACT Amazonian soils have been suffering severe changes resulting from human activities in the region, causing significant changes in soil attributes that can contribute to greater susceptibility to erosion processes. Therefore, the present work aimed to estimate the erodibility in natural and anthropic environments in the southern region of the Amazon. Eight areas in the region were selected, including areas of native forest, savannah, cerradão, pasture and reforestation, delimiting 32 sampling points per area, with collections at a depth of 0.00-0.20 m, totaling 256 samples. Next, texture analysis and quantification of soil organic carbon were performed, and then erodibility was estimated by indirect prediction methods, Tukey’s test, Pearson’s correlation and factorial analysis of principal components. According to the results obtained, it was observed that the evaluated areas of native forest 1 and 2, cerradão and pasture present high susceptibility to erosion in relation to the cerrado, reforestation with genipap, teak and mixed areas. Therefore, it was noted that the high level of erodibility is associated with a greater predominance of sand fraction, K factor, Ki Kr and low clay content, as well as with the management employed in the areas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.20230042

Profile of non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents: interface with impulsiveness and loneliness
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Costa, Renata Pires de Oliveira

; Peixoto, Anna Lara Rocha Pinheiro

; Lucas, Cirllainy Clécia Alves

; Falcão, Débora Nicácio

; Farias, Jennifer Thayse da Silva

; Viana, Luiz Felipe Pereira

; Pereira, Manuela Andrade de Alencar

; Sandes, Maria Letícia Barboza

; Lopes, Thomas Bernardes

; Mousinho, Kristiana Cerqueira

; Trindade-Filho, Euclides Maurício

Jornal de Pediatria

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Abr 2021, Volumen 97 Nº 2 Paginas 184 - 190

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective: Comprehend the profile and prevalence of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescents and its association with impulsiveness and loneliness. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out in 2017 in Maceió-Alagoas, Northeast Brazil, in the households of 505 adolescents aged 12–17 years, using a sample stratified and randomized by gender and neighborhood. The following instruments were used: a sociodemographic questionnaire, Brazilian version of Functional Assessment of Self-Mutilation (FASM), the Brazilian Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), and the Brazilian Loneliness Scale (UCLA-BR). Results: A prevalence of 6.53% was found for non-suicidal self-injury disorder (DSM-5). Significant differences ( p ≤ 0.05) were observed regarding: the most frequently used forms of NSSI were the items “cut oneself” and “scratch oneself”; engaging in three or more different forms of self-injurious behavior (66.67%) and, reporting as reasons, “to relieve feelings of emptiness or indifference” and “to stop bad feelings/sensations.” Significance was also related to the sociodemographic profile: 72.73% were females and 63.54% had family income below one minimum wage. Individuals with self-injurious behavior also had higher impulsiveness and loneliness scores (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: The study identified a direct association between NSSI and impulsiveness and loneliness among adolescents, being more prevalent in females and in young individuals with socioeconomic vulnerability. The data provide support for improving public health policies, aimed at education, prevention, and treatment of adolescents with NSSI.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2020.01.006 228 descargas

Ayahuasca prevents oxidative stress in a rat model of depression elicited by unpredictable chronic mild stress
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Xavier, Janaína

; Farias, Cid Pinheiro

; Soares, Mayara Sandrielly Pereira

; Silveira, Gabriela de Oliveira

; Spanevello, Rosélia Maria

; Yonamine, Maurício

; Gamaro, Giovana Duzzo

; Carvalho, Hudson W. de

; Cognato, Giana de Paula

Archives of Clinical Psychiatry (São Paulo)

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Abr 2021, Volumen 48 Nº 2 Paginas 90 - 98

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: Depression is a highly disabling common mental disorder and, due to its multifactorial nature, the development of effective therapies is challenging and of great relevance. Ayahuasca (AYA), an entheogenic traditional beverage, has emerged as an alternative for antidepressant treatment, however, AYA preclinical and clinical trials are still incipient. Objectives: This investigation aimed to evaluate some behavioral and biochemical effects of AYA subchronic administration in rats submitted to a model of depression elicited by unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS). Methods: 500 mg/kg of AYA was administered in adult male rats once a day for 15 days before submitting the animals to UCMS. Anhedonia-like and locomotion behavior, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activities, and sulfhydryl/nitrite content were evaluated. Results: AYA intake failed to prevent anhedonia-like behavior. Locomotion was not altered by AYA consumption or by the experimental condition. UCMS increased TBARS and nitrites levels, decreased the levels of catalase in the cerebral cortex and of Sulfhydryl in the hippocampus. AYA treatment counteracted these biochemical alterations but did not display any alterations in non-stressed rats. Conclusions: Taken together, results indicate an adaptogenic antioxidant molecular mechanism of AYA in relation to depression induced by stress.

https://doi.org/10.15761/0101-60830000000286 288 descargas

Occurrence of 17α-ethinylestradiol in Paranoá Lake watershed (Brasília, Brazil): sewage, freshwater and treated water
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Gomes, Juliana Pinheiro

; Timo, Giulia Oliveira

; Paula, Lícia Murito de

; Costa, Thales Viana Labourdette

; Rocha Júnior, Paulo Roberto de Souza

; Mello, Mauricio Homem de

; Oliveira, Jaime Lopes da Mota

Revista Ambiente & Água

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2021, Volumen 16 Nº 4 elocation e2686

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Contaminantes emergentes como o 17α-etinilestradiol (EE2) podem ser descartados através dos sistemas de esgotamento sanitário e contaminar as fontes de água. O Lago Paranoá é um reservatório estratégico de Brasília (Brasil) que recebe efluentes tratados de estações de tratamento de esgotos (ETE) e, recentemente, tem sido usado como fonte de abastecimento público. Este estudo monitorou diferentes matrizes da bacia do Lago Paranoá usando o método de Elisa. Este monitoramento foi realizado junto à agência ambiental local em dois períodos. O EE2 foi detectado em todas as amostras de esgoto mostrando que este resíduo está continuamente sendo descartado no lago. No entanto, o EE2 foi encontrado em somente uma amostra da água do lago (0,07 ng L-1), que foi abaixo da concentração preditiva sem efeito considerada como de risco para animais aquáticos. O EE2 não foi detectado na água tratada. Mesmo assim, o aumento no uso da água do lago para abastecimento público indica a necessidade de um monitoramento contínuo de EE2 no lago.

Abstract Emerging contaminants such as 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) can be discharged from sewage systems and contaminate water supplies. Paranoá Lake is a strategic water reservoir in Brasília (Brazil) that receives treated sewage from sewage treatment plants (STPs) and has recently become a water supply. This study monitored EE2 residues in different matrices from Paranoá Lake watershed using the ELISA method. This monitoring was performed together with the local environmental agency in two periods. EE2 was detected in all sewage samples showing that this residue is continually being discharged into the lake. However, EE2 was found in only one freshwater sample (0.07 ng L-1), which is below the predicted no-effect concentration considered as a risk for aquatic animals. EE2 was not detected in treated water. Nevertheless, the increased use of freshwater as a water supply signals the need for continuous EE2 monitoring in the lake.

https://doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2686 75 descargas

Brazilian Nutritional Consensus in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Graft- versus -host disease
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Pereira, Andréa Z

; Vigorito, Afonso Celso

; Almeida, Alessandro de Moura

; Candolo, Alexandre de Almeida

; Silva, Ana Carolina Leão

; Brandão-Anjos, Ana Elisa de Paula

; Sá, Bianca Laselva de

; Souza, Catarina Lôbo Santos de

; Castro Junior, Cláudio Galvão de

; Oliveira, José Salvador Rodrigues de

; Barban, Juliana Bernardo

; Mancilha, Elaine Maria Borges

; Todaro, Juliana

; Lopes, Lilian Pinheiro

; Macedo, Maria Cristina Martins de Almeida

; Rodrigues, Morgani

; Ribeiro, Paulo Cesar

; Silva, Roberto Luiz da

; Roberto, Telma Sigolo

; Rodrigues, Thays de Cássia Ruiz

; Colturato, Vergilio Antonio Rensi

; Paton, Eduardo José de Alencar

; Barros, George Maurício Navarro

; Almeida, Rosana Ducatti Souza

; Moreira, Maria Claudia Rodrigues

; Flowers, Mary Evelyn

einstein (São Paulo)

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2020, Volumen 18 elocation eAE4799

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O Consenso Brasileiro de Nutrição no Transplante de Células Tronco Hematopoiéticas: doença do enxerto contra o hospedeiro foi aprovado pela Sociedade Brasileira de Transplante de Medula Óssea, com a participação de 26 centros brasileiros de transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas. O Consenso descreve as principais condutas nutricionais em casos de doença do enxerto contra o hospedeiro, a principal complicação do transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas.

ABSTRACT The Brazilian Consensus on Nutrition in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Graft- versus -host disease was approved by Sociedade Brasileira de Transplante de Medula Óssea , with the participation of 26 Brazilian hematopoietic stem cell transplantation centers. It describes the main nutritional protocols in cases of Graft- versus -host disease, the main complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

https://doi.org/10.31744/einstein_journal/2020ae4799 1552 descargas

Crises convulsivas em neonato com microcefalia associada à infecção pelo Zika vírus
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Pereira, Lívia Pinheiro

; Almeida, Aglaya Oliveira Lima Cordeiro de

; Lima, Carla Cristina Oliveira de Jesus

; Santos, Josely Bruce

; Barbosa, Mauricio dos Santos

; Felzemburgh, Ridalva Dias Martins

Revista Enfermagem UERJ

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2019, Volumen 27 elocation e34029

Resumen: En Es Pt | Texto: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Objective to analyze, from the case of newborn with microcephaly related to Zika virus infection, its clinical characteristics and implications for health care and nursing. Content microcephaly is a congenital anomaly in which the cephalic perimeter (CP) is smaller than or equal to 32cm. In 2015/2016, an outbreak of microcephaly associated with the Zika virus evoked an international debate on the subject. From a case report, we analyzed and discussed findings of a child with microcephaly and with severe neurological repercussions in the first 24 hours of life. The newborn, few hours after birth, presented recurring episodes of tonic-clonic seizures lasting about three minutes. That way, epilepsy associated with microcephaly becomes an aggravation, demanding special attention. Conclusion Raising awareness and sensitizing caregivers is imperative for clarification about epilepsy in the family setting in a very clear and accessible way.

RESUMEN Objetivo analizar, a partir del caso de un recién nacido con microcefalia relacionada con la infección por el virus del Zika, sus características clínicas y sus implicaciones para el cuidado en salud y de enfermería. Contenido la microcefalia es una anomalía congénita en la que el perímetro cefálico es menor o igual a 32cm. En 2015/2016, un brote de microcefalia asociado al virus Zika provocó un debate internacional sobre el tema. Descubrimos los hallazgos característicos de un niño con microcefalia y con repercusiones neurológicas graves. El recién nacido fue dirigido a una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos algunas horas después del nacimiento, con episodios recurrentes de convulsiones tónico-clónicas que duraron cerca de tres minutos. De esta forma, la epilepsia asociada a la microcefalia se vuelve un agravamiento, exigiendo atención especial. Conclusión aumentar la concienciación y sensibilizar a los cuidadores es imperativo para aclaraciones sobre la epilepsia en el ambiente familiar de forma muy clara y accesible.

RESUMO Objetivo analisar, a partir do caso de recém-nascido com microcefalia relacionada à infecção do vírus Zika, suas características clínicas e implicações para o cuidado em saúde e enfermagem. Conteúdo a microcefalia é uma anomalia congênita em que o perímetro cefálico é menor ou igual a 32cm. Em 2015/2016, um surto de microcefalia associado ao vírus Zika provocou um debate internacional sobre o assunto. Através de relato de caso, descrevemos os achados característicos de uma criança com microcefalia e com repercussões neurológicas graves nas primeiras 24 horas de vida. O recém-nascido, pouco após o nascimento, apresentou episódios recorrentes de convulsões tônico-clônicas que duraram cerca de três minutos. A epilepsia associada à microcefalia torna-se um agravamento, exigindo atenção especial. Conclusão Aumentar a conscientização e sensibilizar os cuidadores é imperativo para esclarecimentos sobre a epilepsia no ambiente familiar de forma muito clara e acessível.

https://doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2019.34029 8 descargas

Efeito dos ácidos itacônico e fumárico na copolimerização em emulsão do estireno com acrilato de n-butila para produção de argamassa cimentícia
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Santos, Samuel Augusto dos

; Santos, Marlon Sandro dos

; Oliveira, Maurício Pinheiro de

Matéria (Rio de Janeiro)

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2019, Volumen 24 Nº 3 elocation e12409

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Monômeros carboxílicos são frequentemente empregados em formulações de polímeros obtidos via polimerização em emulsão e miniemulsão visando melhorar ás propriedades de aplicação dos látexes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito dos ácidos itacônico IAI), fumárico (AF) e metacrílico (AMA) na copolimerização em emulsão do estireno (STy) com o acrilato de n-butila (ABu), visando a obtenção de látexes carboxilados estáveis e com baixa concentração de poli(ácido carboxílico) na fase aquosa para serem empregados como aditivo na preparação de argamassa cimentícia. Látexes de STy/ABu/AI, STy/ABu/AF e STy/ABu/AMA foram obtidos e caracterizados em relação ao teor de sólidos, diâmetro de partícula, polidispersão, viscosidade, temperatura mínima de formação de filme (TMFF), estabilidade ao gelo-degelo, estabilidade coloidal e distribuição dos grupos carboxílicos. Argamassas cimentícias foram preparadas empregando os látexes produzidos. Os resultados obtidos mostram que o tipo de ácido carboxílico empregado afeta as propriedades físico-químicas dos látexes e a interação com os componentes da argamassa. Dentre os ácidos estudados, o AMA apresentou menor efeito nas propriedades coloidais dos látexes, enquanto que o látex produzido com o AF apresentou baixa estabilidade coloidal, elevada concentração de grupos carboxílicos na fase aquosa e baixa interação com os componentes da argamassa.

ABSTRACT Carboxylic monomers are often employed in polymer formulations obtained by emulsion or miniemulsion polymerization with the aim of improve the better latex application properties. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of itaconic (IA), fumaric (FA) and methacrylic (MAA) acid on the emulsion copolymerization of styrene (STy) with n-butyl acrylate (ABu), aiming to obtain stable latexes with low concentration of poly(carboxylic acid) in the aqueous phase, to be used as cement additive. Latexes of STy/ABu/AI, STy/ABu/AF and Sty/ABu/AMA were obtained and characterized in relation to solids content, particle diameter, polydispersity, viscosity, minimum film forming temperature (TMFF), freeze-thaw stability, colloidal stability and distribution of the carboxylic groups. Cementitious mortar was prepared with the latexes and evaluated. The results obtained show that the type of carboxylic acid employed affects the physicochemical properties of latexes and the interaction with the components of the mortar. Among the acids studied, methacrylic acid had a lower effect on the colloidal properties of latexes. The latex produced with fumaric acid presented low colloidal stability, high concentration of carboxylic groups in the aqueous phase and low interaction with the components of the cementitious mortar.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1517-707620190003.0724 886 descargas

Influência da concentração dos monômeros de acrilato e metacrilato de hidroxipropila na copolimerização em emulsão do estireno com acrilato de n-butila e acrilonitrila para produção de adesivos.
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Campos, Laura Alves

; Santos, Samuel A.

; Franco, Fábio Henrique

; Santos, Marlon Sandro dos

; Guerrini, Lília Müller

; Oliveira, Maurício Pinheiro de

Matéria (Rio de Janeiro)

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2019, Volumen 24 Nº 3 elocation e12408

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Monômeros acrílicos contendo grupos hidroxila são frequentemente empregados na produção de polímeros, especialmente para aplicações em diferentes substratos ou mesmo em reações posteriores de modificação química com grupos isocianato ou carboxila. Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar o efeito da concentração dos monômeros de acrilato de hidroxipropila (HPA) e metacrilato de hidroxipropila (HPMA) na copolimerização em emulsão do estireno (St) com o acrilato de n-butila (ABu) e acrilonitrila (ACN), visando a obtenção de nanopartículas poliméricas com grupos hidroxila para reações posteriores de modificação química com isocianato. Látexes com diferentes concentrações (0,3,5,7 e 10% m/m) de HPA e HPMA foram obtidos e caracterizados em relação ao teor de sólidos, diâmetro de partícula, distribuição dos tamanhos de partícula, viscosidade, temperatura mínima de formação de filme, estabilidade ao gelo-degelo, concentração de coágulos, dureza do filme e estabilidade coloidal. Os resultados mostram que o aumento da concentração de HPA e HPMA afeta as propriedades físico-químicas dos látexes. Dentre as concentrações de HPMA estudadas, foi possível obter látexes com concentração máxima de 5% de HPA e 7% de HPMA. Os látexes produzidos com 10% de HPA e HPMA apresentaram baixa estabilidade coloidal. Os adesivos foram obtidos via mistura física entre o látex hidroxilado com HPMA e a dispersão de poli(isocianato) cicloalifático contendo 11% de isocianato bloqueado e caracterizados.

ABSTRACT Hydroxyl acrylic monomers are important because the hydroxyl group present in the molecule can react with isocyanate groups, conferring better mechanical properties to the final polymer when applied onto some substrates. The aim of this work was to study the effects of the hydroxypropyl acrylate (HPA) and hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) monomer concentration on the emulsion polymerization of styrene (St) with n-butyl acrylate (ABu) and acrylonitrile (ACN). The goal of this work was to obtain latexes with higher concentrations of hydroxyl groups, ideal for reacting with isocyanate, without generating residues or coagulum. Latexes with different amounts of HPA and HPMA (0,3,5,7 e 10 wt%) were obtained and characterized with respect to solids content, viscosity, particle diameter, particle size distribution, freeze-thaw stability, minimum film forming temperature, coagulum formation, hardness and colloidal stability. The results show that the increased HPMA concentration affected the colloidal properties of the latexes. Among the concentrations of HPMA studied, it was possible to obtain latex with a maximum concentration of 5% HPA and 7% HPMA, whereas latex produced with 10% HPA and HPMA had low colloidal stability. Adhesives was obtained by mixing styrene-acrylic hydroxylated latex with a blocked poly(isocyanate) dispersion and characterized.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1517-707620190003.0723 1499 descargas

10.

Multivariate analysis using morphometric and ultrasound information for selection of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) breeders
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Oliveira, Sheila Nogueira de

; Ribeiro, Ricardo Pereira

; Oliveira, Carlos Antonio Lopes de

; Lopera-Barrero, Nelson Mauricio

; Borquis, Rusbel Raul Aspilcueta

; Zardin, Aline Mayra da Silva Oliveira

; Souza, Felipe Pinheiro de

; Poveda-Parra, Angela Rocio

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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2019, Volumen 48 elocation e20170179

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT This study evaluated morphometric and ultrasound information of tilapia (O. niloticus) breeders through multivariate analysis. We applied correlation, clustering, and principal component analysis to a dataset composed of information from 222 male and female breeders of the improved GIFT strain. The body weight, objective of the breeding program, showed a high positive correlation with most of the morphometric parameters. The formation of clusters indicated characteristics responsible for muscle composition and carcass weight. Some characteristics showed a high correlation, such as body weight and fillet weight (0.98 and 0.94 for females and males, respectively), and a high contribution to the explanation of data variability; of the total characteristics evaluated for females, two explained 75% data variability and four explained 72% for males. We concluded that it is possible to reduce the number of characteristics measured, as well as use information of average daily weight gain and body weight to select female and male breeders, respectively, to drive genetic gains favoring more productive generations.

https://doi.org/10.1590/rbz4820170179 1105 descargas

11.

Crop residue harvest for bioenergy production and its implications on soil functioning and plant growth: A review
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Cherubin, Maurício Roberto

; Oliveira, Dener Márcio da Silva

; Feigl, Brigitte Josefine

; Pimentel, Laisa Gouveia

; Lisboa, Izaias Pinheiro

; Gmach, Maria Regina

; Varanda, Letícia Leal

; Morais, Maristela Calvente

; Satiro, Lucas Santos

; Popin, Gustavo Vicentini

; Paiva, Sílvia Rodrigues de

; Santos, Arthur Klebson Belarmino dos

; Vasconcelos, Ana Luisa Soares de

; Melo, Paul Lineker Amaral de

; Cerri, Carlos Eduardo Pellegrino

; Cerri, Carlos Clemente

Scientia Agricola

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May 2018, Volumen 75 Nº 3 Paginas 255 - 272

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT: The use of crop residues as a bioenergy feedstock is considered a potential strategy to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, indiscriminate harvesting of crop residues can induce deleterious effects on soil functioning, plant growth and other ecosystem services. Here, we have summarized the information available in the literature to identify and discuss the main trade-offs and synergisms involved in crop residue management for bioenergy production. The data consistently showed that crop residue harvest and the consequent lower input of organic matter into the soil led to C storage depletions over time, reducing cycling, supply and availability of soil nutrients, directly affecting the soil biota. Although the biota regulates key functions in the soil, crop residue can also cause proliferation of some important agricultural pests. In addition, crop residues act as physical barriers that protect the soil against raindrop impact and temperature variations. Therefore, intensive crop residue harvest can cause soil structure degradation, leading to soil compaction and increased risks of erosion. With regard to GHG emissions, there is no consensus about the potential impact of management of crop residue harvest. In general, residue harvest decreases CO2 and N2O emissions from the decomposition process, but it has no significant effect on CH4 emissions. Plant growth responses to soil and microclimate changes due to crop residue harvest are site and crop specific. Adoption of the best management practices can mitigate the adverse impacts of crop residue harvest. Longterm experiments within strategic production regions are essential to understand and monitor the impact of integrated agricultural systems and propose customized solutions for sustainable crop residue management in each region or landscape. Furthermore, private and public investments/cooperations are necessary for a better understanding of the potential environmental, economic and social implications of crop residue use for bioenergy production.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-992x-2016-0459 9203 descargas

12.

Reprocessability of PHB in extrusion: ATR-FTIR, tensile tests and thermal studies
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Rivas, Leonardo Fábio

; Casarin, Suzan Aline

; Nepomuceno, Neymara Cavalcante

; Alencar, Marie Isabele

; Agnelli, José Augusto Marcondes

; Medeiros, Eliton Souto de

; Wanderley Neto, Alcides de Oliveira

; Oliveira, Maurício Pinheiro de

; Medeiros, Antônio Marcos de

; Santos, Amélia Severino Ferreira e

Polímeros

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Jun 2017, Volumen 27 Nº 2 Paginas 122 - 128

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Mechanical recycling of biodegradable plastics has to be encouraged, since the consumption of energy and raw materials can be reduced towards a sustainable development in plastics materials. In this study, the evolution of thermal and mechanical properties, as well as structural changes of poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) up to three extrusion cycles were investigated. Results indicated a significant reduction in mechanical properties already at the second extrusion cycle, with a reduction above 50% in the third cycle. An increase in the crystallinity index was observed due to chemicrystallization process during degradation by chain scission. On the other hand, significant changes in the chemical structure or in thermal stability of PHB cannot be detected by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), respectively.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-1428.2406 1691 descargas

13.

Preparation and Characterization of Maleic Anhydride Grafted Poly(Hydroxybutirate-CO-Hydroxyvalerate) – PHBV-g-MA
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Montanheiro, Thaís Larissa do Amaral

; Passador, Fábio Roberto

; Oliveira, Maurício Pinheiro de

; Durán, Nelson

; Lemes, Ana Paula

Materials Research

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- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

Feb 2016, Volumen 19 Nº 1 Paginas 229 - 235

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

A compatibilizer agent was successfully produced by grafting maleic anhydride (MA) to poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) chains on a reactive processing by mechanical mixing, using a mixture of PHBV, MA and dicumyl peroxide (DCP) as initiator. The resulting PHBV grafted MA (PHBV-g-MA) was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and its properties were compared to neat PHBV. FTIR showed an absorption band at 699 cm-1 for PHBV-g-MA, related to CH group of grafted anhydride ring. The initial thermal degradation temperature of the compatibilizer agent was reduced when compared to neat PHBV. DSC analysis showed that after grafting MA onto PHBV the crystallization temperature was about 20ºC higher than neat PHBV, and the degree of crystallinity was increased. GPC analysis showed that MA when grafted onto PHBV led to a reduction of molecular weight and polydispersity.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-MR-2015-0496 5673 descargas

14.

ERICA: prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Brazilian adolescents
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Kuschnir, Maria Cristina C

; Bloch, Katia Vergetti

; Szklo, Moyses

; Klein, Carlos Henrique

; Barufaldi, Laura Augusta

; Abreu, Gabriela de Azevedo

; Schaan, Beatriz

; Veiga, Gloria Valeria da

; Silva, Thiago Luiz Nogueira da

; Vasconcellos, Maurício T L de

; Moraes, Ana Júlia Pantoja de

; Oliveira, Ana Mayra Andrade de

; Tavares, Bruno Mendes

; Oliveira, Cecília Lacroix de

; Cunha, Cristiane de Freitas

; Giannini, Denise Tavares

; Belfort, Dilson Rodrigues

; Santos, Eduardo Lima

; Leon, Elisa Brosina de

; Oliveira, Elizabete Regina Araújo

; Fujimori, Elizabeth

; Borges, Ana Luíza

; Magliano, Erika da Silva

; Vasconcelos, Francisco de Assis Guedes

; Azevedo, George Dantas

; Brunken, Gisela Soares

; Guimarães, Isabel Cristina Britto

; Faria Neto, José Rocha

; Oliveira, Juliana Souza

; Carvalho, Kenia Mara B de

; Gonçalves, Luis Gonzaga de Oliveira

; Monteiro, Maria Inês

; Santos, Marize M

; Muniz, Pascoal Torres

; Jardim, Paulo César B Veiga

; Ferreira, Pedro Antônio Muniz

; Montenegro Jr, Renan Magalhães

; Gurgel, Ricardo Queiroz

; Vianna, Rodrigo Pinheiro

; Vasconcelos, Sandra Mary

; Martins, Stella Maris Seixas

; Goldberg, Tamara Beres Lederer

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2016, Volumen 50 Supl. 1 elocation 11s

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO OBJETIVO Determinar a prevalência de síndrome metabólica e de seus componentes em adolescentes brasileiros. MÉTODOS Foram avaliados 37.504 adolescentes, participantes do Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes (ERICA), estudo transversal de âmbito nacional e de base escolar. Os adolescentes, de 12 a 17 anos de idade, residiam em municípios com mais de 100 mil habitantes. A amostra foi estratificada e conglomerada em escolas e turmas. Os critérios da International Diabetes Federation foram utilizados para definir síndrome metabólica. Prevalências de síndrome metabólica foram estimadas segundo sexo, faixa etária, tipo de escola e estado nutricional. RESULTADOS Dos 37.504 adolescentes, 50,2% eram do sexo feminino; 54,3% tinham de 15 a 17 anos e 73,3% estudavam em escolas públicas. A prevalência nacional de síndrome metabólica foi 2,6% (IC95% 2,3-2,9), discretamente maior no sexo masculino e naqueles de 15 a 17 anos na maioria das macrorregiões. A prevalência foi a maior nos residentes na macrorregião Sul, nas adolescentes mais jovens e nos adolescentes mais velhos. A prevalência foi maior nas escolas públicas (2,8% [IC95% 2,4-3,2]) que nas escolas privadas (1,9% [IC95% 1,4-2,4]) e nos adolescentes obesos em comparação aos não obesos. As combinações de componentes mais frequentes, respondendo por 3/4 das combinações, foram: circunferência de cintura elevada, HDL-colesterol baixo e pressão arterial elevada, seguida de circunferência da cintura elevada, lipoproteína de alta densidade (HDL-c) baixo e triglicerídeos elevados, e wpor circunferência da cintura elevada, HDL baixa e triacilgliceróis e pressão arterial elevados. A HDL baixa foi o segundo componente mais frequente, mas a maior prevalência de síndrome metabólica (26,8%) foi observada na presença de triglicerídeos elevado. CONCLUSÕES O ERICA é o primeiro estudo nacional a apresentar prevalências de síndrome metabólica e descrever a participação dos seus componentes. Apesar de a prevalência da síndrome metabólica ter sido baixa, as altas prevalências de alguns componentes e de participação de outros na composição da síndrome torna importante o diagnóstico precoce de tais alterações, mesmo que não agrupadas na síndrome metabólica.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS We evaluated 37,504 adolescents who were participants in the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), a cross-sectional, school-based, national study. The adolescents, aged from 12 to 17 years, lived in cities with populations greater than 100,000 inhabitants. The sample was stratified and clustered into schools and classes. The criteria set out by the International Diabetes Federation were used to define metabolic syndrome. Prevalences of metabolic syndrome were estimated according to sex, age group, school type and nutritional status. RESULTS Of the 37,504 adolescents who were evaluated: 50.2% were female; 54.3% were aged from 15 to 17 years, and 73.3% were from public schools. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 2.6% (95%CI 2.3-2.9), slightly higher in males and in those aged from 15 to 17 years in most macro-regions. The prevalence was the highest in residents from the South macro-region, in the younger female adolescents and in the older male adolescents. The prevalence was higher in public schools (2.8% [95%CI 2.4-3.2]), when compared with private schools (1.9% [95%CI 1.4-2.4]) and higher in obese adolescents when compared with nonobese ones. The most common combinations of components, referring to 3/4 of combinations, were: enlarged waist circumference (WC), low HDL-cholesterol (HDL-c) and high blood pressure; followed by enlarged WC, low HDL-c and high triglycerides; and enlarged WC, low HDL-c, high triglycerides and blood pressure. Low HDL was the second most frequent component, but the highest prevalence of metabolic syndrome (26.8%) was observed in the presence of high triglycerides. CONCLUSIONS ERICA is the first Brazilian nation-wide study to present the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and describe the role of its components. Despite the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome being low, the high prevalences of some components and participation of others in the syndrome composition shows the importance of early diagnosis of this changes, even if not grouped within the metabolic syndrome.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s01518-8787.2016050006701 1789 descargas

15.

ERICA: prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Brazilian adolescents
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Kuschnir, Maria Cristina C

; Bloch, Katia Vergetti

; Szklo, Moyses

; Klein, Carlos Henrique

; Barufaldi, Laura Augusta

; Abreu, Gabriela de Azevedo

; Schaan, Beatriz

; Veiga, Gloria Valeria da

; Silva, Thiago Luiz Nogueira da

; Vasconcellos, Maurício T L de

; Moraes, Ana Júlia Pantoja de

; Oliveira, Ana Mayra Andrade de

; Tavares, Bruno Mendes

; Oliveira, Cecília Lacroix de

; Cunha, Cristiane de Freitas

; Giannini, Denise Tavares

; Belfort, Dilson Rodrigues

; Santos, Eduardo Lima

; Leon, Elisa Brosina de

; Oliveira, Elizabete Regina Araújo

; Fujimori, Elizabeth

; Borges, Ana Luíza

; Magliano, Erika da Silva

; Vasconcelos, Francisco de Assis Guedes

; Azevedo, George Dantas

; Brunken, Gisela Soares

; Guimarães, Isabel Cristina Britto

; Faria Neto, José Rocha

; Oliveira, Juliana Souza

; Carvalho, Kenia Mara B de

; Gonçalves, Luis Gonzaga de Oliveira

; Monteiro, Maria Inês

; Santos, Marize M

; Muniz, Pascoal Torres

; Jardim, Paulo César B Veiga

; Ferreira, Pedro Antônio Muniz

; Montenegro Jr, Renan Magalhães

; Gurgel, Ricardo Queiroz

; Vianna, Rodrigo Pinheiro

; Vasconcelos, Sandra Mary

; Martins, Stella Maris Seixas

; Goldberg, Tamara Beres Lederer

Revista de Saúde Pública

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- SciELO Analytics

2016, Volumen 50 Supl. 1 elocation 11s

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/s01518-8787.2016050006701 11875 descargas

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