Abstract Accidents caused by leaks and/or spills on soils need to be addressed. Natural attenuation, biostimulation and bioaugmentation can be useful bioremediation strategies for decontamination processes in soils of diesel/biodiesel mixtures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the degradation rate of the different fuels (B0, B20 and B100) in an ultisol under natural attenuation and biostimulation/bioaugmentation during 60 days of incubation in a controlled microcosm simulating a surface spill over soil. The degradation of different diesel/biodiesel mixtures was monitored for up to 60 days by dehydrogenase activity, respirometry by CO2 release, the most probable number of heterotrophic and degrading microorganism and gas chromatography. The bacterial inoculum employed for biostimulation/bioaugmentation strategy consisted of Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus pumilus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The two bioremediation strategies have showed great degradation rates. The natural attenuation was effective for B0 and B20 treatments. The addition of the bacterial consortium and macronutrients contributed to the increased degradation of pure biodiesel in relation to natural attenuation, with higher rates for CO2 release, enzymatic and degrading activity. It is suggested that the bacterial consortium has proven effective for presenting significant values for such parameters until the end of the 60-day incubation period.

The parameters which affect the degradation and stabilization of diclofenac in suspensions of nanocapsules and of the corresponding spray-dried powders were investigated. Formulations were subjected to 14 months of storage at room temperature. In addition, a study of the degradation of diclofenac was carried out by exposing the formulations or mixtures (drug and adjuvants) to UVC wavelengths. The presence of Epikuron 170® in a concentration higher than 3.06 mg/mL stabilizes the drug, avoiding its reduction or degradation. The degradation products were isolated, analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and identified as 2-(2',6'-dichlorophenyl)aminobenzyl alcohol and N-(2',6'-dichlorophenyl)anthranilylaldehyde.

An experience aiming to promote a residue interchange and recovery between the teaching laboratories of the Chemistry Institute of this University is described. At the present, several residues interchange have already appeared as advantageous. To make the work easier, a software has been developed in order to keep a record of all the residues generated by the teaching laboratories. Standard labels have been developed for the residues in order to organize them. The software and the label design are described.

Foi feito um trabalho de extração e análise de n-alcanos com o objetivo de investigar o uso do n-alcano (C35) presente nas forragens como um indicador interno para determinação de digestibilidade. Foram utilizadas amostras de experimentos de digestibilidade convencional realizados previamente entre os anos de 1978 e 1982. O C35 subestimou as digestibilidades da matéria seca e orgânica, apresentando diferença média, em relação ao método in vivo, de 4,68 (± 0,69) e 4,43 (± 0,85) unidades percentuais, respectivamente. O coeficiente de regressão não diferiu da unidade, indicando que os métodos foram equivalentes, havendo, porém, a necessidade de um fator de correção. Os coeficientes de correlação para a matéria seca e orgânica, observados entre os dois métodos, foram 0,87 e 0,85, respectivamente. O C35 apresentou recuperação fecal média de 91,76% (± 7,94), que contribuiu para o vício da técnica.

An experiment was conducted, on extraction and analysis of n-alkanes, to investigate the use of n-alkane (C35) present in forages as an internal marker for the digestibility determination. Samples of forages and feces were taken from conventional digestibility trials, which were previous conducted from 1978 to 1982. The C35 underestimated the dry matter and organic matter digestibilities, presenting an average difference in relation to in vivo of 4.68 (± 0.69) and 4,43 (± 0.85) perceptual units, respectively. The coefficient of regression did not differ from the unit, indicating that both methods were equivalent, having, however, the necessity of a correction factor. The coefficients of correlation observed for the dry and organic matter between the two methods were 0.87 and 0.85, respectively. The average fecal recovery of C35 was 91.76% (± 7.94), and this contributed to the bias of the method.