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Abstract Cultivation of species of the genus Eucalyptus is important for the Brazilian economy, with 6.97 million hectares planted. Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae), detected in Brazil in 2003, has dispersed and now damages Eucalyptus crops in all regions of this country. The location and identification of entomopathogenic fungi isolates may increase the options for integrated pest management. The objective of this research was to evaluate the pathogenicity of Cordyceps cateniannulata and Cordyceps javanica isolates to G. brimblecombei. Ten nymphs of G. brimblecombei, with or without lerps, were placed per Eucalyptus leaf cut with one of its edges on hydroretentive gel inside Petri dishes. The fungi isolates were suspended in a solution of Tween 80 (0.1%) at the concentration of 1.0 x 108 conidia mL-1 and sprayed on the G. brimblecombei nymphs. The mortality of this insect was evaluated daily for seven days, and the dead individuals were transferred to humid chambers. The conidia viability of the isolates was greater than 93%. The mortality of G. brimblecombei nymphs, seven days after the application of the fungi, was 100%. This is the first report of the pathogenicity of C. cateniannulata and C. javanica isolates, occurring naturally in the field, to G. brimblecombei.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220211566

Systems Approach: A Shortcut to the Ocean We Want
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Asmus, Milton L

; Costa, Julliet C. da

; Prestes, Laura D

; Sardinha, Gabriela D

; Cunha, Joyce G. da

; Ribeiro, Júlia N. A

; Pereira, Paula M. F

; Bubolz, Rafaella P

; Gianuca, Kahuam S

; Abrahão, Gisele R

; Rovedder, Josiane

; Marques, Vanessa C

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2021, Volumen 69 Supl. 1 elocation e21042

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The ocean is a unique system connecting ecological, economic, social, and cultural components, through which goods and services regulate the planetary condition and support the development of mankind. However, its increasing use has followed the exponential growth of the global economic system, outpacing humanity’s ability to develop the knowledge necessary to establish a basis for its proper use. Hence, there is an added perception that our necessary knowledge about the functioning of the ocean for its appropriate planning and management, advances at a slow pace, with which the ocean would be losing quality and sustainability. Systemic views of the ocean tend to highlight dominant components and processes instead of structural details, establishing a quality shortcut to the knowledge where society can understand current and future ocean conditions. To achieve the desired ocean health and sustainability, we propose the formation of a base of knowledge of the marine and coastal environments, capable of supporting best practices and policies for planning and management. We drew from the interdisciplinary research developed by the Brazilian research group “Ecosystem-Based Marine and Coastal Management (Eco-MCM), ” which has been developing projects based on three fundamental steps: (1) systemic analysis of the marine and coastal environments, highlighting their ecosystems, ecosystem services, social and economic benefits produced by the services and the stakeholders benefited; (2) modeling of the studied systems, and (3) propositional phase to incorporate models to support the practices and policies for their planning, management, and governance. As such, they are aligned with the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021-2030) challenges and outcomes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824069.21023mla

Effect of High-pressure Torsion on Corrosion Behavior of a Solution-treated Al-Mg-Sc Alloy in a Saline Solution
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Lage, Michelle Dias Alves

; Soares, Renata Braga

; Pereira, Pedro Henrique R.

; Figueiredo, Roberto B.

; Lins, Vanessa Freitas C.

; Langdon, Terence G.

Materials Research

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2019, Volumen 22 Nº 5 elocation e20190343

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The effect of the increase in crystalline defects in the structure generated by high-pressure torsion (HPT) on the corrosion behavior of metallic materials is not well understood. This report evaluates the influence of HPT on the corrosion behavior of a solution treated Al-3wt% Mg-0.2wt% Sc alloy in a 3.5 wt./v.% NaCl solution. The electrochemical behavior of the alloy was evaluated using cyclic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), Mott Schottky, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and chronoamperometry testing. The passive current density decreased after HPT processing, indicating a more protective oxide layer was formed on the surface of the HPT-processed alloy. Mott Schottky analysis confirmed the higher protection efficiency of the passive layer on the HPT-processed alloy. The film formed in the solution-treated alloy was a p-type and an n-type semiconductor while the alloy processed by HPT exhibited only an n-type semiconductor behavior. EIS showed that corrosion resistance in a saline medium increased with HPT processing.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2019-0343 616 descargas

TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY OF THE ACCLIMATIZATION SYSTEM IN AVIARY OF POSTURE: A CASE STUDY
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Pereira, Danilo F.

; Kodaira, Vanessa

; Bueno, Leda G. de F.

; Soares, Nilce M.

; Salgado, Douglas D'Alessandro

Engenharia Agrícola

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Sep 2017, Volumen 37 Nº 5 Paginas 855 - 866

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to compare the performance of laying hens between automated aviaries, one with and another without acclimatized system. On a daily basis it was registered in each aviary the mortality, the egg production, and the feed consumption. The variables of the dry bulb temperature, relative humidity and black globe temperature were registered every 30 minutes using the thermos hygrometer. Every 28 days ninety eggs from each aviary were collected randomly and the variables egg weight, shell weight, shell thickness and Haugh Unit were registered. The consumption and quality of the electrical energy supply were monitored every 30 minutes using registers of electrical magnitude. The results showed that the acclimatization system consumes more electrical energy; however it provides thermal environment more suitable for bird raising, resulting in better production and quality of the eggs. The quality of the electrical energy supply was not maintained, since several interruptions occurred which resulted in higher mortality in the acclimatized aviary. It was concluded that the acclimatization system is technically feasible, since the electrical energy supply is guaranteed.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v37n5p855-866/2017 843 descargas

AVALIAÇÃO DA LIBERAÇÃO DE ELEMENTOS TRAÇO EM SOLOS TRATADOS COM XISTO RETORTADO
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Santos, Jeniffer V. dos

; Presbiteris, Rafael J. B. De

; Santos, Vanessa C. G. dos

; Grassi, Marco T.

; Messerschmidt, Iara

; Pereira, Betânia F.

; Martinazzo, Rosane

; Abate, Gilberto

Química Nova

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Jun 2017, Volumen 40 Nº 5 Paginas 496 - 505

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Soils that had received successive applications of retorted oil shale (ROS) in an experiment under field conditions were used in this study, aiming to evaluate the availability of trace elements. In the batch tests, we observed that toxic elements present in the ROS are not desorbed from the matrix in significant amounts to contaminate soil and groundwater. The element Ca represents the greatest nutrient contribution, which has high mobility and ease release into the soil solution. Concerning the results obtained from the soil extracts analysis; we observed that the undesirable elements released into the extracts are not directly related to the presence of ROS in the soil samples. Comparing the behavior of soil samples with and without ROS it is possible to infer that many of the trace elements are derived from soil constituents, from previous fertilizer and pesticides applications. The study suggested that the ROS can be used as a soil conditioner for agricultural purposes without adding harmful elements to the environment.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170030 632 descargas

The Challenge of Diagnosis and Indication for Treatment in Fabry Disease
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Curiati, Marco A.

; Aranda, Carolina S.

; Kyosen, Sandra O.

; Varela, Patricia

; Pereira, Vanessa G.

; D’Almeida, Vania

; Pesquero, João B.

; Martins, Ana M.

Journal of Inborn Errors of Metabolism and Screening

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2017, Volumen 5 elocation e160049

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Fabry disease, caused by deficient alpha-galactosidase A lysosomal enzyme activity, remains challenging to health-care professionals. Laboratory diagnosis in males is carried out by determination of alpha-galactosidase A activity; for females, enzymatic activity determination fails to detect the disease in about two-thirds of the patients, and only the identification of a pathogenic mutation in the GLA gene allows for a definite diagnosis. The hurdle to be overcome in this field is to determine whether a mutation that has never been described determines a ‘‘classic’’ or ‘‘nonclassic’’ phenotype, because this will have an impact on the decision-making for treatment initiation. Besides the enzymatic determination and GLA gene mutation determination, researchers are still searching for a good biomarker, and it seems that plasma lyso-Gb3 is a useful tool that correlates to the degree of substrate storage in organs. The ideal time for treatment initiation for children and nonclassic phenotype remains unclear.

https://doi.org/10.1177/2326409816685735 1679 descargas

Rhodoliths in Brazil: Current knowledge and potential impacts of climate change
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Horta, Paulo Antunes

; Riul, Pablo

; Amado Filho, Gilberto M.

; Gurgel, Carlos Frederico D.

; Berchez, Flávio

; Nunes, José Marcos de Castro

; Scherner, Fernando

; Pereira, Sonia

; Lotufo, Tito

; Peres, Letícia

; Sissini, Marina

; Bastos, Eduardo de Oliveira

; Rosa, João

; Munoz, Pamela

; Martins, Cintia

; Gouvêa, Lidiane

; Carvalho, Vanessa

; Bergstrom, Ellie

; Schubert, Nadine

; Bahia, Ricardo G.

; Rodrigues, Ana Claudia

; Rörig, Leonardo

; Barufi, José Bonomi

; Figueiredo, Marcia

Brazilian Journal of Oceanography

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2016, Volumen 64 Nº spe2 Paginas 117 - 136

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Bancos de rodolitos formam oásis de alta biodiversidade em ambientes marinhos de fundo arenoso. Os rodolitos são formados por espécies bioconstrutoras, que fornecem abrigo e substrato para diversas e abundantes comunidades bentônicas. No Brasil esses ambientes são frequentes, representando grandes "fábricas" de carbonato com um papel fundamental no ciclo biogeoquímico do carbono no Atlântico Sul. Estes organismos e ambientes estão ameaçados pelas mudanças climáticas (principalmente a acidificação dos oceanos e o aquecimento global) e pelos estressores locais, tais como os impactos causados pela pesca e as descargas costeiras de efluentes. Neste trabalho fazemos uma revisão da taxonomia, filogenia e biologia desses organismos, com destaque para os efeitos previstos das mudanças climáticas e suas relações com estressores locais. A maioria dos estudos acerca dos efeitos das mudanças climáticas e da acidificação dos oceanos em algas calcárias relatam respostas negativas não só no crescimento e na calcificação, mas também no processo de fotossíntese, espessura da parede celular, reprodução e sobrevivência das algas. Este cenário reforça a necessidade em estabelecer uma consistente rede de trabalho para proporcionar um programa de monitoramento amplo e de longo prazo, bem como infraestrutura para avaliações experimentais de impactos locais e regionais das mudanças climáticas e dos estressores locais em bancos de rodolitos.

Abstract Rhodolith beds are important marine benthic ecosystems, representing oases of high biodiversity among sedimentary seabed environments. They are found frequently and abundantly, acting as major carbonate 'factories' and playing a key role in the biogeochemical cycling of carbonates in the South Atlantic. Rhodoliths are under threat due to global change (mainly related to ocean acidification and global warming) and local stressors, such as fishing and coastal run-off. Here, we review different aspects of the biology of these organisms, highlighting the predicted effects of global change, considering the additional impact of local stressors. Ocean acidification (OA) represents a particular threat that can reduce calcification or even promote the decalcification of these bioengineers, thus increasing the eco-physiological imbalance between calcareous and fleshy algae. OA should be considered, but this together with extreme events such as heat waves and storms, as main stressors of these ecosystems at the present time, will worsen in the future, especially if possible interactions with local stressors like coastal pollution are taken into consideration. Thus, in Brazil there is a serious need for starting monitoring programs and promote innovative experimental infrastructure in order to improve our knowledge of these rich environments, optimize management efforts and enhance the needed conservation initiatives.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1679-875920160870064sp2 12795 descargas

The sea-level highstand correlated to marine isotope stage (MIS) 7 in the coastal plain of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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LOPES, RENATO P.

; DILLENBURG, SERGIO R.

; SCHULTZ, CESAR L.

; FERIGOLO, JORGE

; RIBEIRO, ANA MARIA

; PEREIRA, JAMIL C.

; HOLANDA, ELIZETE C.

; PITANA, VANESSA G.

; KERBER, LEONARDO

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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Dic 2014, Volumen 86 Nº 4 Paginas 1573 - 1595

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A planície costeira do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, no sul do Brasil, inclui quatro sistemas deposicionais do tipo laguna-barreira formados por sucessivas transgressões marinhas do Quaternário, correlacionadas aos estágios isotópicos marinhos (MIS) 11, 9, 5 e 1, apesar da escassez de idades absolutas. Este estudo descreve um máximo transgressivo marinho mais antigo que o MIS 5, com base na estratigrafia, datações e fósseis encontrados na fácies marinho raso de uma barreira costeira (Barreira II). Esta fácies encontra-se exposta ao longo das barrancas do Arroio Chuí, é composto por areia quartzosa fina, bem-selecionada, com icnofósseis Ophiomorpha nodosae Rosselia sp., e conchas de moluscos. O registro sedimentar indica agradação da costa seguida por regressão do nível do mar e progradação da linha de costa. Datações por termoluminescencia (TL) e ressonância do spin do elétron (ESR) em sedimentos e conchas fósseis indicam uma idade de ∼220 ka para o final desta transgressão, correlacionando-a, portanto, ao MIS 7 (sub-estágio 7e). Dados altimétricos indicam amplitude máxima de aproximadamente 10 metros acima do nível atual do mar, mas processos tectônicos podem estar envolvidos. Condições paleoceanográficas à época da transgressão e correlações com outros depósitos da costa brasileira também são discutidos.

The coastal plain of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, in southern Brazil, includes four barrier-lagoon depositional systems formed by successive Quaternary sea-level highstands that were correlated to marine isotope stages (MIS) 11, 9, 5 and 1, despite the scarcity of absolute ages. This study describes a sea-level highstand older than MIS 5, based on the stratigraphy, ages and fossils of the shallow marine facies found in coastal barrier (Barrier II). This facies outcrops along the banks of Chuí Creek, it is composed of fine, well-sorted quartz sand and contains ichnofossils Ophiomorpha nodosa and Rosseliasp., and molluscan shells. The sedimentary record indicates coastal aggradation followed by sea-level fall and progradation of the coastline. Thermoluminescence (TL) and electron spin resonance (ESR) ages from sediments and fossil shells point to an age of ∼220 ka for the end of this marine transgression, thus correlating it to MIS 7 (substage 7e). Altimetric data point to a maximum amplitude of about 10 meters above present-day mean sea-level, but tectonic processes may be involved. Paleoceanographic conditions at the time of the highstand and correlations with other deposits in the Brazilian coasts are also discussed.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201420130274 4947 descargas

The effect of seasonality on the structure of rotifers in a black-water shallow lake in Central Amazonia
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NOVA, CLARICE C.

; LOPES, VANESSA G.

; SOUZA, LEONARDO COIMBRA E

; KOZLOWSKY-SUZUKI, BETINA

; PEREIRA, TALITA A.A.

; BRANCO, CHRISTINA W.C.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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Sep 2014, Volumen 86 Nº 3 Paginas 1359 - 1372

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Os rotíferos têm sido utilizados com indicadores de mudanças súbitas de características físicas e químicas do ambiente aquático. Tais características sofrem grandes variações durante o pulso de inundação em pequenos lagos associados a planícies de inundação. No entanto, poucos estudos investigam quais são as consequências deste pulso de inundação sobre a composição, abundância, riqueza e diversidade de rotíferos, especialmente em lagos amazônicos. Neste estudo, foram analisadas amostras de um pequeno lago de águas escuras de um igarapé conectado permanentemente com o rio Negro, na Amazônia Central. As amostras foram coletadas duas vezes por ano durante dois anos, compreendendo os períodos de enchente e vazante do pulso. A abundância de rotíferos aumentou significantemente após eventos de seca e a condutividade elétrica e a turbidez foram intrinsecamente relacionadas a esta variação. A composição de espécies também variou entre os períodos de enchente e vazante. Alguns táxons, como Brachionus zahniseri reductus e Lecane remanei foram restritos a períodos de vazante, enquanto B. zahniseri, B. gillardi e L. proiecta foram presentes apenas durante fases de enchente. Uma mudança na composição de famílias de rotíferos foi observada entre um período e outro, ilustrando o efeito de renovação de águas do pulso de inundação. Estes resultados sugerem que o pulso de inundação age como força direcionada e condição estressante que altera consideravelmente a dinâmica da comunidade de rotíferos, seja modificando a composição de espécies ou diminuindo sua abundância.

Rotifers have often been used as indicators of sudden changes in physical and chemical features of the aquatic environment. Such features vary greatly during flood pulse events in small lakes connected to major floodplains. However, few are the studies that investigate the consequences of the flood pulse in rotifer species composition, abundance, richness and diversity, especially in Amazonian lakes. We analyzed samples from a small blackwater lake of an “igarapé” connected permanently to the Negro river, in Central Amazonia. Samples were taken twice a year for two years, comprising flooding and receding periods of the flood pulse. Rotifer abundance increased significantly after draught events, and electrical conductivity and turbidity were intrinsically related to such variation. Species composition also changed from flooding to receding periods. Some taxa, such as Brachionus zahniseri reductus and Lecane remanei were restricted to receding periods, while Brachionus zahniseri, Brachionus gillardi and Lecane proiecta were only present during flooding. A shift in the composition of rotifer families was observed from one period to another, showing the effect of renewing waters of the flood pulse. These results suggest that the flood pulse acts as a driving force and stressing condition, considerably altering rotifer community dynamics, either changing species composition or decreasing abundance.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201420130323 2290 descargas

10.

Anatomia comparativa da dura-máter de Sapajus libidinosus
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Pereira, Kleber F.

; Menezes, Vanessa A.

; Araújo, Eugênio G. de

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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Oct 2013, Volumen 33 Nº 10 Paginas 1263 - 1268

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O Sapajus libidinosus é um primata do novo mundo popularmente conhecido como macaco-prego, geograficamente distribuído por todo território sul-americano, possui características de inquietude e habilidade de manipulação de ferramentas para a obtenção de alimentos. Este estudo teve por objetivo descrever a morfologia dos seios da dura-máter de Sapajus libidinosus numa perspectiva comparativa. Foram utilizados um total de 3 animais adultos e machos oriundos da Universidade Federal de Goiás e fixados em solução aquosa de formaldeído 10%. No encéfalo de S. libidinosus, foi possível observar a fissura longitudinal, profunda e que divide o mesmo em dois hemisférios, esquerdo e direito. O lobo parietal e frontal apresenta-se relativamente lisoencefálico, mas com giros e sulcos bem definidos e no lobo occipital nota-se a predominância do aspecto lisencefálico. Nota-se a presença de 8 seios da dura-máter, que corresponde de modo geral às descrições para outros primatas como Pan, Papio e homem. Notamos a presença dos seios sagital dorsal, seio sagital ventral, seio transverso, seio reto, seio sigmóide, seio temporal e seio basilar, que são semelhantes a Pan, Papio e homem, a presença do seio parietal semelhante à Saimiri sciureus e a ausência do seio occipital, assim como em Macaca mullata. No macaco prego não foram observados os seios intracavernosos, seio esfenoparietal, seio petroso superior, seio petroso inferior, sendo estes descritos em Pan, Papio e Homem. Sendo assim, estes dados demonstram uma possível maior proximidade evolutiva entre Papio e Pan em relação ao homem do que o macaco Sapajus.

Sapajus libidinosus is a new World primate commonly known as capuchin monkey, geographically distributed throughout South America, has characteristics of restlessness and ability to manipulate tools to obtain food. This study aimed to describe the morphology of the dural sinuses of S. libidinosus through a comparative perspective. We used 3 adult male from the Federal University of Goiás, Brazil, fixed in aqueous 10% formaldehyde. The longitudinal fissure in the brain extends deeply and divides the organ into two left right hemispheres, The frontal and parietal lobe presents relatively smooth surface, but with well-defined gyri and sulci. In the occipital lobe, however, smooth surface aspect prevails. We observed eight sinuses of the dura mater, sagittal dorsal, ventral sagittal, transverse, straight, sigmoid, basilar and temporal which corresponds generally to the descriptions of other primates as Pan, Papio and man. Furthermore, parietal sinus similar to Saimiri sciureus and absence of sinus occipital, as in Macaca mullata, were also recorded. In the capuchin monkey, intracavernous, sphenoparietal, superior petrosal and inferior petrosal sinuses, which are described in Pan, Papio and Man, were absent. Taken together, these data point to a possible grater evolutionary proximity to man of Papio and Pan as compared to Cebus.

2939 descargas

11.

Comparative study between immunoturbidimetric and latex agglutination methods for the detection of rheumatoid factor
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Rocha, Katya Cristina

; Brinque, Luiz Alberto da Fonseca

; Oliveira, Claudia G. B.

; Sant'Anna, Aleksandra Vanessa Lambiasi

; Fonseca, Alexandre Luiz Affonso

; Azzalis, Ligia Ajaime

; Pereira, Edimar Cristiano

; Junqueira, Virginia Berlanga Campos

; Beltrame, Registila Libania

; Fonseca, Fernando Luiz Affonso

Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial

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Feb 2013, Volumen 49 Nº 1 Paginas 12 - 16

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

INTRODUÇÃO: O fator reumatoide (FR) é o autoanticorpo mais comum encontrado em pacientes com artrite reumatoide, uma doença crônica inflamatória caracterizada pelo envolvimento articular com inflamação do líquido sinovial, infiltração de tecido por leucócitos e destruição das articulações, que acaba por determinar deformidades articulares. O FR é encontrado em 70%-80% da população adulta e em 10% da população juvenil. OBJETIVO: Comparar os métodos de imunoturbidimetria e aglutinação (prova do látex) para a determinação de FR em soro. RESULTADO: Foi possível observar que o método imunoturbidimétrico apresenta sensibilidade (95,2%), especificidade (89,4%) e correlação positiva elevada (R² = 0,8077) com o método de aglutinação pelo látex em amostras de soro positivas. CONCLUSÃO: O estudo permitiu demonstrar que o método imunoturbidimétrico e o método de aglutinação pelo látex são igualmente capazes de discriminar amostras negativas e positivas para FR.

INTRODUCTION: The rheumatoid factor (RF) is the most common antibody found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. It is an inflammatory chronic disease characterized by articular involvement, inflammation of synovial fluid, tissue infiltration by leucocytes and joint destruction, which ultimately determine articular deformities. The rheumatoid factor is found in 70%-80% of the adult population and in 10% of the young population. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this research was to compare immunoturbidimetric and latex agglutination methods for the detection of RF in serum. RESULTS: The immunoturbidimetric method displayed sensitivity (95.2%), specificity (89.4%) and high positive correlation (R² = 0,8077) with the latex agglutination method in positive serum samples. CONCLUSION: The study allowed to demonstrate that both immunoturbidimetric and latex agglutination methods equally discriminate between negative and positive serum samples for RF.

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12.

Evaluation of oxidative stress markers and cardiovascular risk factors in Fabry Disease patients
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Müller, Karen B.

; Galdieri, Luciano C.

; Pereira, Vanessa G.

; Martins, Ana M.

; D'Almeida, Vânia

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2012, Volumen 35 Nº 2 Paginas 418 - 423

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Fabry Disease, an X-linked inborn error of metabolism, is characterized by progressive renal insufficiency, with cardio and cerebrovascular involvement. Homocysteine (Hcy) is considered a risk factor for vascular diseases, but the mechanisms by which it produces cardiovascular damage are still poorly understood. Regarding the vascular involvement in FD patients, the analysis of factors related to thromboembolic events could be useful to improving our understanding of the disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate plasma Hcy and other parameters involved in the methionine cycle, as well as oxidative stress markers. The sample consisted of a group of 10 male FD patients and a control group of 8 healthy individuals, paired by age. Venous blood was collected for Hcy determination, molecular analysis, identification of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, total glutathione and antioxidant enzymes activity, as well as vitamins quantification. Comparative analysis of FD patients versus the control group indicated hyperhomocysteinemia in 8 of the 10 FD patients, as well as a significant increase in overall glutathione levels and catalase activity. It is inferred that FD patients, apart from activation of the antioxidant system, present increased levels of plasma Hcy, although this is probably unrelated to common alterations in the methionine cycle.

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13.

The neurobiology of posttraumatic stress disorder: dysfunction in the prefrontal-amygdala circuit?
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Lobo, Isabela

; Oliveira, Letícia de

; David, Isabel A.

; Pereira, Mirtes G.

; Volchan, Eliane

; Rocha-Rego, Vanessa

; Figueira, Ivan

; Mocaiber, Izabela

Psychology & Neuroscience

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2011, Volumen 4 Nº 2 Paginas 191 - 203

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder that can develop following exposure to a traumatic event, including terrifying or life-threatening situations such as sexual assault or natural disasters. The disorder is characterized by a reaction of intense fear, helplessness, or horror when the individual experiences, testifies about, or is faced with one or more events that involve death, severe wounds, or a threat to one's own or another's physical integrity. One of the most important symptoms of PTSD is the revival of the traumatic event, which has been interpreted as an inability to downregulate negative emotions. Neuroimaging studies that probed the ability to regulate emotions in healthy volunteers have found a pattern characterized by activation of the prefrontal cortex associated with a reduction in amygdala activity. This suggests an inhibitory prefrontal cortex-amygdala circuit that underlies emotional regulation. The hypothesis that increased amygdala activation associated with PTSD results from dysfunction in the inhibitory mechanism exerted by the prefrontal cortex has been the topic of debate. The present review investigates the validity of dysfunction in the prefrontal-amygdala pathway in PTSD. The studies provide evidence that the amygdala and prefrontal cortex exhibit distinct activation patterns in PTSD, thus supporting the model of a dysfunctional circuit. Inconsistencies in the literature may be attributable to distinct PTSD subgroups, different experimental approaches, different contrasts employed in neuroimaging studies, and small sample sizes.

https://doi.org/10.3922/j.psns.2011.2.004 6252 descargas

14.

In vitro evaluation of triazenes: DNA cleavage, antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity against acute myeloid leukemia cells
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Domingues, Vanessa O.

; Hörner, Rosmari

; Reetz, Luiz G. B.

; Kuhn, Fábio

; Coser, Virgínia M.

; Rodrigues, Jacqueline N.

; Bauchspiess, Rita

; Pereira, Waldir V.

; Paraginski, Gustavo L.

; Locatelli, Aline

; Fank, Juliana de O.

; Giglio, Vinícius F.

; Hörner, Manfredo

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Dic 2010, Volumen 21 Nº 12 Paginas 2226 - 2237

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

As diazoaminas assimétricas 1-(2-clorofenil)-3-(4-carboxifenil)triazeno (1), 1-(2-fluorofenil)-3-(4-carboxifenil)triazeno (2) e 1-(2-fluorofenil)-3-(4-amidofenil)triazeno (3) foram avaliadas quanto à capacidade de clivagem do DNA plasmidial pUC18 e pBSKII, atividade antibacteriana e citotoxicidade in vitro frente a células de leucemia mielóide aguda e leucócitos normais utilizando o bioensaio da redução do sal brometo de 3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-il)-2,5-difeniltetrazólio (MTT). Os triazenos analisados demonstraram capacidade de clivagem dos dois tipos de DNA plasmidial: triazeno 1 em pH 8,0 e 50 ºC; triazeno 2 em pH 6,5 a 37 e 50 ºC; triazeno 3 em pH 6,5 e 37 ºC. Os compostos apresentaram atividade citotóxica frente a células leucêmicas. O composto 1 mostrou alta atividade frente a B. cereus (CIM = 32 mg mL-1). A associação molecular através de ligações de hidrogênio no estado sólido do composto 3 com base na análise estrutural por difratometria de raios X em monocristal, bem como os resultados das análises espectroscópicas nas regiões do IV e UV-Vis dos compostos 1, 2 e 3 são discutidos no presente trabalho

The asymmetric diazoamines 1-(2-chlorophenyl)-3-(4-carboxyphenyl)triazene (1), 1-(2-fluorophenyl)-3-(4-carboxyphenyl)triazene (2) and 1-(2-fluorophenyl)-3-(4-amidophenyl)triazene (3) were evaluated for their ability to cleave pUC18 and pBSKII plasmid DNA, antibacterial activity and in vitro cytotoxicity against acute myeloid leukemia cells and normal leukocytes using the bioassay of reduction of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT). The triazenes showed ability to cleave the two types of plasmid DNA: triazene 1 at pH 8.0 and 50 ºC; triazene 2 at pH 6.5 and 37 and 50 ºC; triazene 3 at pH 6.5 and 37 ºC. The compounds presented cytotoxic activity against myeloid leukemia cells. Compound 1 showed high activity against B. cereus (MIC = 32 mg mL-1). The observation of intermolecular hydrogen bonding in the solid state of compound 3, based on the structural analysis by X-ray crystallography, as well as the results of IR and UV-Vis spectroscopic analyses of compounds 1, 2 and 3 are discussed in the present work.

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15.

Response of Cucumis sativus L. seedlings to Pb exposure
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Gonçalves, Jamile F.

; Becker, Alexssandro G.

; Pereira, Luciane B.

; Rocha, João B. T. da

; Cargnelutti, Denise

; Tabaldi, Luciane A.

; Battisti, Vanessa

; Farias, Júlia G.

; Fiorenza, Amanda M.

; Flores, Érico M. M.

; Nicoloso, Fernando T.

; Schetinger, Maria R. C.

Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology

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2009, Volumen 21 Nº 3 Paginas 175 - 186

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

No presente estudo, os efeitos do chumbo (Pb) sobre o crescimento, a concentração de pigmentos fotossintéticos, a peroxidação lipídica, a percentagem de extravazamento de eletrólitos (ELP), a oxidação protéica, a atividade das enzimas aminolevulinato desidratase (ALA-D; E.C. 4.2.1.24), peroxidase do ascorbato (APX; E.C. 1.11.1.11), catalase (CAT; E.C. 1.11.1.6) e dismutase do superóxido (SOD; E.C. 1.15.1.1) e as concentrações de ácido ascórbico (AsA), de grupos tióis não-protéicos (NPSH) e de proteínas solúveis totais foram investigados em plântulas de pepino (Cucumis sativus L.). As plântulas foram cultivadas in vitro em um substrato solidificado com ágar contendo três concentrações de Pb na forma de (C2H3O2)Pb.3H2O (0, 100, 400 e 1000 µmol L-1), durante 10 dias. O aumento da concentração de Pb no substrato ocasionou um aumento da concentração de Pb tanto nas raízes quanto na parte aérea. O Pb foi acumulado em maior quantidade nas raízes. O comprimento radicular e a matéria fresca total foram diminuídos nas duas maiores concentrações de Pb. O pepino não apresentou redução no comprimento da parte aérea e na matéria seca total nos tratamento de Pb. A maior concentração de Pb diminuiu o conteúdo de água e a atividade da ALA-D bem como aumentou as concentrações de aldeído malônico, de grupos carbonil e de proteínas solúveis totais. A concentração de carotenóides aumentou em 100 e 400 µmol Pb L-1, enquanto a concentração de clorofila e a ELP não foram afetadas pelo estresse com Pb. A atividade da APX foi inibida, enquanto as atividades da CAT e SOD foram aumentadas em todas as concentrações de Pb. A concentração de AsA aumentou sob 400 e 1000 µmol Pb L-1, enquanto a de NPSH aumentou somente na maior concentração de Pb. Portanto, a exposição a altas concentrações de Pb causou estresse oxidativo e o sistema antioxidante das plântulas de pepino não foi capaz de reverter esta situação, contribuindo para a redução no crescimento.

In this study, the effects of lead (Pb) on growth, photosynthetic pigments concentration, lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage percentage (ELP), protein oxidation, aminolevulinate dehydratase (ALA-D; E.C. 4.2.1.24), ascorbate peroxidase (APX; E.C. 1.11.1.11), catalase (CAT; E.C. 1.11.1.6) and superoxide dismutase (SOD; E.C. 1.15.1.1) activities, and ascorbic acid (AsA), non-protein thiol groups (NPSH) and total soluble protein concentrations in cucumber seedlings (Cucumis sativus L.) were investigated. Seedlings were grown in vitro in an agar-solidified substrate containing three Pb levels as (C2H3O2)Pb.3H2O (0, 100, 400, and 1000 µmol L-1) for 10 d. Increasing Pb concentrations in substrate enhanced Pb concentration in both roots and shoot. Pb accumulated at a higher amount in roots. Root length and total fresh weight were decreased at the two highest Pb concentrations. Cucumber showed no reduction in shoot length and total dry weight at any Pb level. The highest Pb concentration decreased water content and ALA-D activity as well as increased malondialdehyde, carbonyls and total soluble protein concentrations. Carotenoids concentration enhanced at 100 and 400 µmol Pb L-1, while chlorophyll concentration and ELP were not affected by Pb stress. Activity of APX was inhibited while the activities of CAT and SOD were increased at all Pb concentrations. AsA was enhanced at 400 and 1000 µmol Pb L-1 whereas NPSH were increased only at the highest Pb concentration. Therefore, high Pb-exposure caused oxidative stress, and the antioxidant system of the cucumber seedlings was not sufficient to revert it, contributing for growth reduction.

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