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Resumo O Brasil é o maior produtor de figos da América do Sul, porém o cultivo comercial brasileiro da figueira baseia-se na plantação de uma única cultivar, o Roxo-de-Valinhos, resultando em sérios problemas relativos a pragas e doenças. Uma vez que há variações epigenéticas na interação planta-patógeno, principalmente por meio da regulação gênica, o presente trabalho objetiva realizar a caracterização in vivo de acessos de figo, por meio da análise de incidência natural de nematoides formadores de galha e de incidência natural de ferrugem, correlacionada ao seu perfil epigenômico, a fim de subsidiar trabalhos de conservação, melhoramento genético e produção da cultura. A análise dos componentes principais dos dados da caracterização dos acessos foi realizada por meio da matriz de correlação residual obtida pela análise de variância conjunta utilizando o programa GENES. Pôde-se constatar que todas as plantas foram atacadas por este patógeno, evidenciando que são suscetíveis ao mesmo. Já a análise conjunta dos dados demonstrou que a metilação e a incidência de ferrugem em folhas, quando observadas na mesma fase fenológica da planta, se correlacionam, apresentando evidências iniciais de mesmas cargas fatoriais de pressão nos genótipos, com a premissa de comportamento semelhante nos mesmos, indicando que, além do fator genético, fatores abióticos também são responsáveis pelas alterações no fenótipo das plantas, evidenciando a plasticidade fenotípica das mesmas.

Abstract Commercial fig tree cultivation in Brazil involves a single cultivar, ‘Roxo-de-Valinhos’. The use of a single cultivar results in serious diseases and related problems. The aim of this study was to characterize fig accessions by analyzing the natural root-knot nematode and leaf rust incidence in relation to the epigenomic profile of the plant, since epigenetic variations affect plant–pathogen interactions. All plants were attacked by nematodes, indicating susceptibility; Meloidogyne incognita was the root-knot nematode species involved. Joint analysis of data showed that methylation and leaf rust incidence were correlated when observed in the same phenological phase, presenting initial evidence of the same factorial pressure loads in genotypes, suggesting similar behavior within these genotypes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.263041

Effects of Chemical inhibition of histone deacetylase proteins in the growth and virulence of Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid.
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Villota Salazar, Nubia Andrea

; Ramos García, Víctor Hugo

; González Prietof, Juan Manuel

; Hernández Delgado, Sanjuana

Revista argentina de microbiología

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Dic 2023, Volumen 55 Nº 4 Paginas 4 - 4

Resumen: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Chromatin remodeling enzymes are important "writers’’, "readers’’ and "erasers’’ of the epigenetic code. These proteins are responsible for the placement, recognition, and removal of molecular marks in histone tails that trigger structural and functional changes in chromatin. This is also the case for histone deacetylases (HDACs), i.e., enzymes that remove acetyl groups from histone tails, signaling heterochromatin formation. Chromatin remodeling is necessary for cell differentiation processes in eukaryotes, and fungal pathogenesis in plants includes many adaptations to cause disease. Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. is a nonspe-cific, necrotrophic ascomycete phytopathogen that causes charcoal root disease. M. phaseolina is a frequent and highly destructive pathogen in crops such as common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), particularly under both water and high temperature stresses. Here, we evaluated the effects of the classical HDAC inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) on M. phaseolina in vitro growth and virulence. During inhibition assays, the growth of M. phaseolina in solid media, as well as the size of the microsclerotia, were reduced (p <0.05), and the colony morphology was remark-ably affected. Under greenhouse experiments, treatment with TSA reduced (p <0.05) fungal virulence in common bean cv. BAT 477. Tests of LIPK, MAC1 and PMK1 gene expression during the interaction of fungi with BAT 477 revealed noticeable deregulation. Our results provide additional evidence about the role of HATs and HDACs in important biological processes of M. phaseolina.

Resumen Las enzimas remodeladoras de la cromatina son «escritores», «lectores» y «borradores» importantes del código epigenético. Estas proteínas son responsables de la localización, el reconocimiento y la remoción de las marcas moleculares sobre las terminaciones de las histonas que desencadenan cambios funcionales y estructurales en la cromatina. Es el caso de las desacetilasas de histonas (HDAC), enzimas que remueven grupos acetilo de las «colas» de las histonas, señalizando la formación de heterocromatina. La anterior es una actividad necesaria en los procesos de diferenciación celular de los eucariotas, y se conoce que la patogénesis fúngica en las plantas requiere de adaptaciones diversas para ocasionar enfermedad. Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. es un ascomiceto fitopatógeno, necrótrofo e inespecífico, causante de la pudrición carbonosa. Este es un hongo frecuente y altamente destructivo en cultivos como fríjol común (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), particularmente bajo estrés hídrico y térmico. En este trabajo evaluamos los efectos del inhibidor de HDAC clásicas tricostatina A (TSA) sobre el crecimiento in vitro y la virulencia de M. phaseolina. El TSA redujo el crecimiento de M. phaseolina en medio sólido y el tamano de los microesclerocios (p < 0,05), lo que afectó la morfología colonial. En invernadero, el tratamiento con TSA disminuyó (p<0,05) la gravedad de la infección en la variedad de frijol BAT 477. La expresión de los genes de patogenicidad LIPK, MAC1 y PMK1 durante la interacción del hongo con la planta reveló una desregulación importante. Estos resultados proporcionan evidencia adicional del papel que cumplen las HDAC en la regulación de procesos biológicos fundamentales de M. phaseolina. © 2023 Asociación Argentina de Microbiología. Publicado por Elsevier Espana, S.L.U.

A Modified Radiopropagation Multipath Model for Constant Refractivity Gradient Profiles
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Parada, D.

; Rego, C. G.

; Guevara, D.

; Navarro, A.

; Ramos, G. L.

; Oliveira, R.

Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications

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Jun 2023, Volumen 22 Nº 2 Paginas 298 - 312

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract This paper presents a radiopropagation algorithm based on a Ray Tracing (RT) technique that combines a modified multipath model for constant refractivity gradient profiles and the Uniform Theory of Diffraction (UTD). A novel formulation is proposed by the authors for calculation and ground-reflection analysis of ray paths depending on atmospheric refractivity. The algorithm introduced herein was evaluated in a mixed scenario and in two more realistic case studies, under conditions of constant refractivity gradient and lossy terrain profiles. Pathloss results are obtained and compared with Parabolic Equation (PE) numerical solution results at 2.0 GHz, 3.5 GHz and 5.4 GHz. In such conditions, the modified radiopropagation multipath algorithm with atmospheric refractivity introduced herein showed satisfactory results.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-10742023v22i2272846

Dimensiones bioculturales y socioeconómicas de la sustentabilidad en sistemas agroforestales diversificados con cacao y vainilla
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Ramos-Prado, José M.

; Romero-Hernández, Esteban

; Sánchez-Morales, Primo

; Jiménez-García, Daniel

; Hipólito-Romero, Enrique

Revista mexicana de ciencias agrícolas

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May 2023, Volumen 14 Nº 3 Paginas 401 - 412

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Los sistemas agroforestales y la diversificación productiva son alternativas sostenibles que revierten los daños y riesgos de la agricultura convencional. Existen pocos estudios de sostenibilidad que permitan incorporarlos a proyectos destinados a aumentar la rentabilidad y mejorar el bienestar de los productores, restaurando los servicios ecosistémicos. El objetivo fue evaluar la sustentabilidad de dos sistemas agroforestales tradicionales, diversificados con cacao y vainilla, en los estados de Veracruz y Oaxaca. Se promovieron técnicas agroecológicas y estrategias de desarrollo empresarial con las familias de ambos productores. La investigación se llevó a cabo durante el periodo: febrero 2012 a julio 2020, las parcelas están ubicadas en los municipios de San Pedro Ixcatlán, Oaxaca y Papantla, Veracruz. Se utilizó la metodología del marco de evaluación de sistemas de gestión de recursos naturales. Los resultados mostraron que los estados iniciales tenían un manejo poco intensivo, bajo uso de insumos, alta diversificación y orientado a la agricultura de subsistencia. Tras la diversificación, manejo agroecológico y desarrollo empresarial, los estados de transición han mejorado en la mayoría de los indicadores de sostenibilidad. En particular la rentabilidad (índice beneficio-costo), que alcanzó 1.2 para San Pedro y 2.6 para Papantla cuando se da valor agregado a la vainilla y el cacao. Es relevante la participación de las mujeres en actividades emergentes derivadas de la diversificación y el interés de los jóvenes por continuar con actividades de transformación de materias primas y la comercialización de productos de valor agregado.

Abstract Agroforestry systems and productive diversification are sustainable alternatives that reverse the damages and risks of conventional agriculture. There are few sustainability studies that allow them to be incorporated into projects aimed at increasing profitability and improving the welfare of producers, restoring ecosystem services. The objective was to assess the sustainability of two traditional agroforestry systems, diversified with cacao and vanilla, in the states of Veracruz and Oaxaca. Agroecological techniques and business development strategies were promoted with the families of both producers. The research was carried out during the period: February 2012 to July 2020, the plots are located in the municipalities of San Pedro Ixcatlán, Oaxaca and Papantla, Veracruz. The methodology of the framework of assessment of natural resource management systems was used. The results showed that the initial states had a low intensive management, low use of inputs, high diversification and oriented to subsistence agriculture. After diversification, agroecological management and business development, transition states have improved in most sustainability indicators. In particular, profitability (benefit-cost index), which reached 1.2 for San Pedro and 2.6 for Papantla when added value is given to vanilla and cacao. The participation of women in emerging activities derived from diversification and the interest of young people to continue with activities of transformation of raw materials and the commercialization of value-added products are relevant.

https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v14i3.3093

Propriedade dos meios de produção em Cuba: Origens e atualidade do debate econômico
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Rodríguez, Raime R.

; Alves, Milena L.

; Ramos, Carlos A.

América Latina en la historia económica

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Abr 2023, Volumen 30 Nº 1 elocation e1304

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O debate sobre a propriedade dos meios de produção em Cuba teve dois grandes momentos: na década de 1960 com o triunfo revolucionário e no início do século XXI com as medidas para combater a crise produtiva. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar ambos os debates, suas consequências na estrutura de propriedade cubana e compreender as mudanças de interpretação dos desafios da ilha e as variações na dinâmica de reflexão do próprio debate. Foram encontradas evidências de que nos primeiros anos do processo de transição socialista o esforço e as preocupações do debate giravam ao redor da possibilidade e viabilidade do socialismo em Cuba enquanto o debate que surgiu com a crise da década de 1990 e inícios dos 2000 exibe preocupações e interpretações marcadamente pragmáticas e instrumentalistas da propriedade.

Abstract The debate over the ownership of the means of production in Cuba had two great moments: in the 1960s with the revolutionary triumph and in the beginning of the 21st century with measures to combat the crisis. The objective of this work is to analyze both debates, their consequences on the Cuban property structure and to understand the changes in the interpretation of the island’s challenges and the variations in the dynamics of reflection of the debate itself. Evidences were found that in the early years of the socialist transition process, the effort and concerns of the debate revolved around the possibility and viability of socialism in Cuba, while the debate that emerged with the crisis of the 90s and early 2000s shows concerns and interpretations. markedly pragmatic and instrumentalist property.

https://doi.org/10.18232/20073496.1304

Performance of soil-matrix composite reinforced with recycled shredded fibers from waste tires
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Tolentino, E.

; Oliveira, F. C. de

; Campos, L. A.

; Tolentino Junior, J.

; Ramos, F. J. H. T. V.

Cerâmica

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Abr 2023, Volumen 69 Nº 390 Paginas 115 - 124

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Some experimental results concerning the performance of fiber-reinforced soil composites made of soil and shredded fibers from waste tires are presented. The composite mixtures were prepared with fiber addition of 0, 15, 30, and 45 wt%. After molding, the specimens were oven-dried and tested for unconfined compressive strength and water immersion durability. The results showed an improvement in durability with the addition of fiber. The results also indicated good compressive strength performance for the composites with a fiber content of 15 and 30 wt%. The 30 wt% fiber addiction was the best choice because of the environmental sustainability appeal to solid waste reduction.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132023693903366

Donación renal pareada: beneficio de este programa en la tasa de trasplantes y sobrevida del injerto
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Bahena-Carrera, Lucino

; Noyola-Villalobos, Héctor F.

; Ramos-Díaz, Edgar E.

; Loera-Torres, Marco A.

; Mendiola-Fernández, Ricardo

; Razo-Padilla, Mónica L.

Cirugía y cirujanos

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Feb 2023, Volumen 91 Nº 1 Paginas 50 - 57

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Objetivo: Demostrar la experiencia adquirida desde la implementación del programa de donación renal pareada, el cual aumenta un 25-30% la tasa de donación en los centros hospitalarios sin inferioridad en la sobrevida del injerto comparado con el trasplante renal de donante vivo dirigido. Método: Estudio observacional, analítico, longitudinal y prospectivo de diciembre de 2018 a julio de 2021. Se incluyeron todos los enfermos renales crónicos G5 KDIGO que en el protocolo pretrasplante resultaron HLA o ABO incompatibles con sus donantes originales y que fueron trasplantados bajo el programa de donación renal pareada. Resultados: Se realizaron 22 trasplantes renales bajo este programa. La sobrevida del injerto y del paciente a 1 año postrasplante fue del 100%. La tasa de filtración glomerular postrasplante fue de 72.5 ± 17 ml/min/1.73 m2 de superficie corporal. Fueron trasplantados exitosamente el 36.3% de pacientes hipersensibilizados. La tasa de donación intrahospitalaria aumentó un 33.33%. Conclusiones: El trasplante bajo programa de donación renal pareada constituye una modalidad real de trasplante exitoso cuando existe incompatibilidad con el donante original. La mayor utilización y la socialización de este programa pueden aumentar la tasa de trasplante renal nacional, disminuyendo la lista de espera. Nuestro hospital representa la mayor experiencia publicada en México con este programa de trasplante.

Abstract Objective: To demonstrate the experience since the transplant program under paired kidney donation implementation; program that increases the donation rate by 25-30% in hospitals with no inferior graft survival compared to directed living donor kidney transplantation. Method: Observational, analytical, longitudinal and prospective study from December 2018 to July 2021. All G5 KDIGO chronic kidney patients who were HLA or ABO incompatible with their original donors in the pretransplant protocol and who were transplanted under the paired kidney donation program, were included. Results: 22 kidney transplants were performed under this program. Survival of the graft and the patient 1 year after transplantation was 100%. The post-transplant glomerular filtration rate was 72.5 ± 17 ml/min/1.73 m2 body surface. 36.3% of hypersensitized patients were successfully transplanted. The in-hospital donation rate increased by 33.33%. Conclusions: Transplantation under the kidney paired donation program constitutes a real modality of successful transplantation when there is incompatibility with the original donor. The greater use and socialization of this program can increase the country kidney transplantation rate, reducing the waiting list. Our hospital represents the largest experience published in Mexico with this transplant program.

https://doi.org/10.24875/ciru.21000865

Variación morfológica en semillas de Pinus pseudostrobus Lindl. altamente productores de resina
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Muñoz Flores, Hipólito Jesús

; Sáenz Reyes, J. Trinidad

; Gómez Cárdenas, Martín

; Hernández Ramos, Jonathan

; Barrera Ramírez, Rubén

Acta universitaria

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2023, Volumen 33 elocation e3549

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Los análisis de conos y semillas permiten evaluar las características físicas y biológicas de un lote de semillas y determinar la cantidad y calidad de semilla producida en unidades productoras de germoplasma forestal. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la variación morfológica y germinación de la semilla de 48 familias resineras de Pinus pseudostrobus Lindl., distribuidas en tres gradientes altitudinales en rodales naturales de la Comunidad Indígena de Nuevo San Juan Parangaricutiro (CINSJP), Michoacán. Se evaluaron las variables: ancho, largo, peso y germinación, número de semillas por kilogramo y contenido de humedad de la semilla. Los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas (p ≤ 0.05) entre gradientes y entre familias en las variables. El tamaño, peso de la semilla y porcentajes de germinación fueron mayores en los gradientes 1 y 2 (2200 m. s. n. m.-2400 m. s. n. m. y 2401 m. s. n. m.-2600 m. s. n. m.); en número de semillas existe diferencia estadística (p ≤ 0.05) entre familias en cada gradiente con 35 760 a 108 966 semillas (kg-1).

Abstract The analyzes of cones and seeds allow to evaluate the physical and biological characteristics of a lot of seeds and to determine the quantity and quality of seed produced in forest germplasm production units. The objective of this study was to determine the morphological variation and seed germination of 48 resin families of Pinus pseudostrobus Lindl., distributed in three altitudinal gradients, natural forests of the Indigenous Community of Nuevo San Juan Parangaricutiro, Michoacán. The evaluated variables were: width, length, weight and germination, number of seeds per kilogram, and moisture content of the seed. The results showed significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) between gradients and between families in the variables. The size, weight of seed, and germination percentages were higher in gradients 1 and 2 (2200 m. a. s. l.-2400 m. a. s. l. and 2401 m. a. s. l.-2600 m. a. s. l.); in number of seeds there is a statistical difference (p ≤ 0.05) between families in each gradient with 35 760 to 108 966 seeds (kg-1).

https://doi.org/10.15174/au.2023.3549

Ursolic Acid Derivatives Down Regulate Inflammatory Mediators
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Scherrer, Elaine C.

; Valadares, Ydia M.

; Alves, Caio C. S.

; Carli, Alessandra P.

; Fernandes, Bárbara G. R.

; Carvalho, Paloma E.

; Ramos, Karla A.

; Salvador, Maiara R.

; Silva, Jeferson G. da

; Silva, Fernando S.

; Denadai, Ângelo M. L.

; Castro, Sandra B. R.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2023, Volumen 34 Nº 9 Paginas 1250 - 1261

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Ursolic acid (UA) is being investigated due to its anti-inflammatory potential, and structural modifications can enhance its biological activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of the ursolic acid derivatives (UAD) in macrophages and in the carrageenan-induced paw edema model. RAW264.7 cells were cultured in the presence or absence of UA or UAD (1-18). Nitric oxide (NO), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and cellular viability were measured. 30 min before the carrageenan-induced paw edema, the UAD1 and UAD2 (200 mg kg-1) were administered intraperitoneally. The results showed that UAD2-4, UAD7, UAD9-11 had half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) greater than 90 µM and were able to reduce NO, NF-κB and TNF production. Moreover, UAD1 and UAD2 reduced paw edema and IL-6 production. In conclusion, the results obtained demonstrated a variation in the response between the derivatives due to the chemical modifications, showing potential to reduce the inflammatory mediators, deserving further investigations.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230036

10.

Protocol for reproduction and ploidy confirmation in Nodipecten nodosus (Linnaeus, 1758) by flow cytometry
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Ferreira, Y. M.

; Silva, R. R.

; Alves, A. C.

; Ramos, L. R. V.

; Nascimento, N. F.

; Yasui, G. S.

; Santos, M. P.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volumen 83 elocation e270425

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.270425

11.

La certificación de especialistas en medicina familiar en México: 35 años de evolución
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Fernández-Ortega, Miguel A.

; Mazón-Ramírez, Juan J.

; Rivero-López, Carlos A.

; Pons-Álvarez, Octavio Noel

; Portillo-García, Zitlalli

; Hernández-Martínez, Minerva P.

; López-Lozano, Miguel

; Ovando-Diego, Liliana

; Domínguez-del-Olmo, Javier A.

; Palacios-Hernández, Alejandra

; Román-Arrioja, Verónica

; Bailón Ramos, Marco A.

; Tecuanhuey-Tlahuel, Héctor

; Figueroa-Chavira, Ana R.

; López-Salas, Sara de J.

; Huerta-González, José L.

; Avilés-Sánchez, María Emilia

Revista mexicana de medicina familiar

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Dic 2022, Volumen 9 Nº 4 Paginas 126 - 132

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN Se presenta la evolución histórica de la certificación de especialistas en medicina familiar en México, a 35 años de su fundación. Asimismo, se abordan brevemente los procesos de evaluación de los sustentantes y la importancia de mantener la «vigencia de la certificación». Se realiza el benchmarking de la certificación en otros países con procesos de certificación bien definidos y consolidados. Al final, se presentan los retos más inmediatos de la certificación en México para esta especialidad.

ABSTRACT: The historical evolution of the Certification of Specialists in Family Medicine in Mexico is presented, 35 years after its foundation. Likewise, the evaluation processes of the applicants and the importance of maintaining the “Certification Validity” are briefly addressed. Certification benchmarking is carried out in other countries with well-defined and consolidated certification processes. At the end, the most immediate challenges of the Certification in Mexico for this specialty are presented.

https://doi.org/10.24875/rmf.22000077

12.

[SciELO Preprints] - Guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology on Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Chagas Disease Cardiomyopathy
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Marin-Neto, José Antonio Rassi Jr., Anis Moraes Oliveira, Gláucia M. Lemos Correia, Luís Claudio Novaes Ramos Jr., Alberto Hasslocher-Moreno, Alejandro Marcel Luquetti Ostermayer, Alejandro Sousa, Andréa Silvestre de Amato Vincenzo de Paola, Angelo Sobral de Sousa, Antonio Carlos Pinho Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz Correia Filho, Dalmo Moraes de Souza, Dilma do Socorro Cunha-Neto, Edecio J. A. Ramires, Felix Bacal, Fernando Pereira Nunes, Maria do Carmo Martinelli Filho, Martino Ibrahim Scanavacca, Maurício Magalhães Saraiva, Roberto Alves de Oliveira Júnior, Wilson M. Lorga-Filho, Adalberto de Jesus Benevides de Almeida Guimarães, Adriana Lopes Latado Braga, Adriana Sarmento de Oliveira, Adriana V. L. Sarabanda, Alvaro Yecê das Neves Pinto, Ana Assis Lopes do Carmo, André Schmidt, André Costa, Andréa Rodrigues da Ianni, Barbara Maria Markman Filho, Brivaldo Eduardo Rochitte, Carlos Thé Macedo, Carolina Mady, Charles Chevillard, Christophe Bittencourt das Virgens, Cláudio Marcelo Nery de Castro, Cleudson De Paoli de Carvalho Britto, Constança Felícia Pisani, Cristiano do Carmo Rassi, Daniela C. Sobral Filho, Dario Rodrigues Almeida, Dirceu A. Bocchi, Edimar T. Mesquita, Evandro de Souza Nogueira Sardinha Mendes, Fernanda Pereira, Francisca Tatiana Sperandio da Silva, Gilberto Marcelo de Lima Peixoto, Giselle Glotz de Lima, Gustavo H. Veloso, Henrique Turin Moreira, Henrique Bellotti Lopes, Hugo Masciarelli Francisco Pinto, Ibraim Pinto Dias, João Carlos Bemfica, João Marcos Silva-Nunes, João Paulo Soares Barreto-Filho, José Augusto Kerr Saraiva, José Francisco Lannes-Vieira, Joseli Menezes Oliveira, Joselina Luzia V. Armaganijan, Luciana Martins, Luiz Cláudio C. Sangenis, Luiz Henrique Barbosa, Marco Paulo Almeida-Santos, Marcos Antônio Simões, Marcos Vinicius Shikanai-Yasuda, Maria Aparecida Vieira Moreira, Maria da Consolação Higuchi, Maria de Lourdes Costa Monteiro, Maria Rita de Cássia Felix Mediano, Mauro Felippe Maia Lima, Mayara T. Oliveira, Maykon Moreira Dias Romano , Minna Nitz, Nadjar de Tarso Jorge Medeiros, Paulo Vieira Alves, Renato Alkmim Teixeira, Ricardo Coury Pedrosa, Roberto Aras, Roque Morais Torres, Rosália dos Santos Povoa, Rui Manoel Rassi, Sérgio Gabriel Salles Xavier, Sérgio Marinho Martins Alves , Silvia B. N. Tavares, Suelene Lima Palmeira, Swamy da Silva Junior, Telêmaco Luiz da Rocha Rodrigues, Thiago Madrini Junior, Vagner Maia da Costa , Veruska Dutra, Walderez

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Fecha de publicación: 2022-10-11

Resumen: En Pt

This guideline aimed to update the concepts and formulate the standards of conduct and scientific evidence that support them, regarding the diagnosis and treatment of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, with special emphasis on the rationality base that supported it.nbsp; Chagas disease in the 21st century maintains an epidemiological pattern of endemicity in 21 Latin American countries. Researchers and managers from endemic and non-endemic countries point to the need to adopt comprehensive public health policies to effectively control the interhuman transmission of T. cruzi infection, and to obtain an optimized level of care for already infected individuals, focusing on diagnostic and therapeutic opportunistic opportunities. nbsp; Pathogenic and pathophysiological mechanisms of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease were revisited after in-depth updating and the notion that necrosis and fibrosis are stimulated by tissue parasitic persistence and adverse immune reaction, as fundamental mechanisms, assisted by autonomic and microvascular disorders, was well established. Some of them have recently formed potential targets of therapies.nbsp; The natural history of the acute and chronic phases was reviewed, with enhancement for oral transmission, indeterminate form and chronic syndromes. Recent meta-analyses of observational studies have estimated the risk of evolution from acute and indeterminate forms and mortality after chronic cardiomyopathy. Therapeutic approaches applicable to individuals with Indeterminate form of Chagas disease were specifically addressed. All methods to detect structural and/or functional alterations with various cardiac imaging techniques were also reviewed, with recommendations for use in various clinical scenarios. Mortality risk stratification based on the Rassi score, with recent studies of its application, was complemented by methods that detect myocardial fibrosis.nbsp; The current methodology for etiological diagnosis and the consequent implications of trypanonomic treatment deserved a comprehensive and in-depth approach. Also the treatment of patients at risk or with heart failure, arrhythmias and thromboembolic events, based on pharmacological and complementary resources, received special attention. Additional chapters supported the conducts applicable to several special contexts, including t. cruzi/HIV co-infection, risk during surgeries, in pregnant women, in the reactivation of infection after heart transplantation, and others.nbsp; nbsp;nbsp; Finally, two chapters of great social significance, addressing the structuring of specialized services to care for individuals with the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, and reviewing the concepts of severe heart disease and its medical-labor implications completed this guideline.

Esta diretriz teve como objetivo principal atualizar os conceitos e formular as normas de conduta e evidências científicas que as suportam, quanto ao diagnóstico e tratamento da CDC, com especial ênfase na base de racionalidade que a embasou. A DC no século XXI mantém padrão epidemiológico de endemicidade em 21 países da América Latina. Investigadores e gestores de países endêmicos e não endêmicos indigitam a necessidade de se adotarem políticas abrangentes, de saúde pública, para controle eficaz da transmissão inter-humanos da infecção pelo T. cruzi, e obter-se nível otimizado de atendimento aos indivíduos já infectados, com foco em oportunização diagnóstica e terapêutica. Mecanismos patogênicos e fisiopatológicos da CDC foram revisitados após atualização aprofundada e ficou bem consolidada a noção de que necrose e fibrose sejam estimuladas pela persistência parasitária tissular e reação imune adversa, como mecanismos fundamentais, coadjuvados por distúrbios autonômicos e microvasculares. Alguns deles recentemente constituíram alvos potenciais de terapêuticas. A história natural das fases aguda e crônica foi revista, com realce para a transmissão oral, a forma indeterminada e as síndromes crônicas. Metanálises recentes de estudos observacionais estimaram o risco de evolução a partir das formas aguda e indeterminada e de mortalidade após instalação da cardiomiopatia crônica. Condutas terapêuticas aplicáveis aos indivíduos com a FIDC foram abordadas especificamente. Todos os métodos para detectar alterações estruturais e/ou funcionais com variadas técnicas de imageamento cardíaco também foram revisados, com recomendações de uso nos vários cenários clínicos. Estratificação de risco de mortalidade fundamentada no escore de Rassi, com estudos recentes de sua aplicação, foi complementada por métodos que detectam fibrose miocárdica. A metodologia atual para diagnóstico etiológico e as consequentes implicações do tratamento tripanossomicida mereceram enfoque abrangente e aprofundado. Também o tratamento de pacientes em risco ou com insuficiência cardíaca, arritmias e eventos tromboembólicos, baseado em recursos farmacológicos e complementares, recebeu especial atenção. Capítulos suplementares subsidiaram as condutas aplicáveis a diversos contextos especiais, entre eles o da co-infecção por T. cruzi/HIV, risco durante cirurgias, em grávidas, na reativação da infecção após transplante cardíacos, e outros.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Por fim, dois capítulos de grande significado social, abordando a estruturação de serviços especializados para atendimento aos indivíduos com a CDC, e revisando os conceitos de cardiopatia grave e suas implicações médico-trabalhistas completaram esta diretriz.nbsp;

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.4820

13.

Sistema de radiocirugía robótica estereotáctica CyberKnife en estadios avanzados de melanoma uveal ciliocoroideo. Resultados preliminares en México
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Ortiz-Morales, Gustavo

; Domínguez-Varela, Irving

; Gómez-Elizondo, Daniela E.

; Pérez-Ramos, Erik

; González-Godínez, Sara

; Aguilar-y-Méndez, Dione

; Estrada-Hernández, Christian

; Corral, Ramiro

; Zamorano-Gómez, Octavio

; Shields, Carol L.

; Dalvin, Lauren A.

; González-Monroy, Efrén

; Ancona-Lezama, David

Revista mexicana de oftalmología

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Oct 2022, Volumen 96 Nº 5 Paginas 205 - 212

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Objetivo: Reportar los resultados iniciales de la cirugía estereotáctica con CyberKnife® (CK®) para etapas avanzadas de melanoma de cuerpo ciliar y coroides (MCC-C) en pacientes mexicanos. Método: Revisión retrospectiva de expedientes clínicos. Se analizaron los resultados de los pacientes a quienes se trató con CK® (Accuray Inc, Sunnyvale, CA, Estados Unidos). Resultados: Cuatro pacientes con MCC-C fueron tratados bajo este protocolo. La media de edad fue de 53.2 ± 5.3 años (rango: 47-60). La mediana de seguimiento fue de 9.5 ± 3.1 meses (rango: 5-12). El diámetro promedio del tumor fue de 13.49 mm, el grosor promedio fue de 11.74 mm y el volumen tumoral promedio fue de 1251.97 mm3. Los tumores tuvieron una configuración de domo (50%) y de seta (50%), de tamaño mediano a grande. Tres pacientes tuvieron un tumor T3b y uno tuvo un tumor T4d en fase inicial según el American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC). Se prescribió una dosis promedio de radiación de 2763 ± 181,3 cGy al 90% de la línea de isodosis. Todos los pacientes lograron el control local del tumor después de una sesión de radiocirugía en la última visita de seguimiento. Un paciente presentó datos de toxicidad aguda (desprendimiento seroso de retina) y fue tratado con éxito. Ninguno de los pacientes precisó enucleación secundaria. Conclusiones: El abordaje multidisciplinario con CK® es una terapia efectiva en el manejo del MCC-C de tamaño mediano a grande. Es necesario mayor tiempo de seguimiento para confirmar estos hallazgos y evaluar la morbilidad a largo plazo.

Abstract Objective: To report the early results of CyberKnife® (CK®) stereotactic radiosurgery in advanced stages of ciliochoroidal (CBCh) melanoma in Mexican patients. Method: A retrospective review of charts was performed to analyze the outcomes of patients who underwent CK® (Accuray Inc, Sunnyvale, CA, USA). Results: Four patients with CBCh melanoma were treated under this protocol. The mean age was 53.2 ± 5.3 years (range: 47-60). Median of follow-up was 9.5 ± 3.1 months (range: 5-12). Mean tumor diameter was 13.49 mm, mean thickness, 11.74 mm, and mean gross tumor volume, 1251.97 mm3. Tumors were dome- (50%) and mushroom-spahed (50%), in medium-to-large sizes. Three patients had T3b tumors, and 1 had a T4d tumor at the early tumor staging according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC). A mean dose of 2763 ± 181.3 cGy was prescribed to the 90% isodose line. All patients achieved local tumor control after a single radiosurgical session at the latest follow-up. One patient presented with acute toxicity (extensive serous retinal detachment associated with radiation induced tumor vasculopathy) that was promptly managed. None of the patients required secondary enucleation. Conclusions: CK® appears to be an effective therapy for the management of medium-to-large sized CBCh melanoma. A prospective comparative study with longer follow-up is needed to confirm these findings and assess long-term morbidity.

https://doi.org/10.24875/rmo.m22000236

14.

Development and Chemical Characterization of Pequi Pericarp Flour (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) and Effect of in vitro Digestibility on the Bioaccessibility of Phenolic Compounds
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Santos, Bárbara O.

; Tanigaki, Maurício

; Silva, Mauro R.

; Ramos, Ana Luiza C. C.

; Labanca, Renata A.

; Augusti, Rodinei

; Melo, Júlio O. F.

; Takahashi, Jacqueline A.

; Araújo, Raquel L. B. de

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Sep 2022, Volumen 33 Nº 9 Paginas 1058 - 1068

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The pequi pericarp corresponds to the largest portion of the fruit and has a high nutritional value, but it is discarded as an agro-industrial residue. The present study aimed to prepare and characterize flours from the pequi pericarp in terms of their proximate composition, its antioxidant potential before and after the in vitro digestibility process and chemical profile, aiming at the full use of this fruit. The samples of pequi pericarp flours from the cities of Sete Lagoas, Paraopeba and Felixlândia were analyzed. The profile of chemical compounds present in the flours was determined using paper spray mass spectrometry. The in vitro simulated digestion technique was used to verify the stability of the phenolic compounds and the maintenance of the antioxidant capacity of the samples. The flours from the pequi pericarp showed to have higher levels of protein, ash and dietary fiber, compared to the data described in the literature for the pulp of the fruit. The analysis of paper spray mass spectrometry allowed the identification of 46 chemical compounds including amino acids, sugars, organic acids and phenolic compounds. The analysis of the main components showed that there was no chemical variation among the fruits from the cities studied. Through the in vitro digestibility technique, it was possible to observe an increase in the bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds, contributing to increase the already significant antioxidant capacity of the samples. It was concluded that the pequi pericarp flour has the potential to be used as a food ingredient due to the high bioaccessibility of its bioactive compounds, capable of reducing the risk of developing diseases caused by oxidative stress.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220022

15.

Exchange Markets and Stock Markets Integration in Latin-America
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Muñoz Mendoza, Jorge A.

; Veloso Ramos, Carmen L.

; Sepúlveda Yelpo, Sandra M.

; Delgado Fuentealba, Carlos L.

; Cornejo Saavedra, Edinson E.

Revista mexicana de economía y finanzas

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Sep 2022, Volumen 17 Nº 3 elocation e719

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Analizamos la relación entre los mercados cambiarios y el proceso de integración de los mercados bursátiles de América Latina (MILA), centrando el análisis en dos puntos. Primero, evaluamos la existencia y la naturaleza de un premio por riesgo cambiario y su relación con el sesgo de la paridad descubierta de interés (UIP). Segundo, analizamos el efecto de MILA en los mercados cambiarios latinoamericanos. Utilizamos series de tiempo mensuales entre enero de 1997 y diciembre de 2021 para los mercados cambiarios de Brasil, Chile, Colombia, México y Perú. El análisis econométrico se basa en regresiones OLS, GARCH-in-mean y DCC-MGARCH. Nuestros resultados indican que la UIP no se cumple. Incluso los resultados de los modelos GARCH-in-mean indican que no hay un premio por riesgo individual que corrija el sesgo de la UIP. Sin embargo, los resultados del modelo DCC-MGARCH muestran que existe una prima por riesgo generada simultáneamente por la correlación entre mercados. MILA incrementó las correlaciones dinámicas de los retornos cambiarios y de los premios por riesgo, principalmente entre los mercados MILA. Estos resultados tienen implicancias para inversores y policymakers.

Abstract We analyze the relationship between the exchange markets and the integration process of the Latin American stock markets (MILA), focusing the analysis on two points. First, we evaluate the existence and nature of exchange risk premium and its relationship with the uncovered interest parity (UIP) bias. Second, we analyze the effect of MILA on Latin American foreign exchange markets. We use monthly time series between January 1997 and December 2021 for the exchange markets of Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru. The econometric analysis was based on OLS, GARCH-in-Mean and DCC-MGARCH regressions. Our results indicate that UIP is does not meet. Even the GARCH-in-Mean models results indicates that there is no individual risk premium that corrects UIP bias. However, the results of the DCC-MGARCH model show that there is a risk premium generated simultaneously by the correlation between markets. Finally, MILA increased the dynamic correlations of exchange returns and risk premiums, mainly among the MILA markets. These results have relevant implications for policymakers and investors due to the impacts on exchange markets dependence and international investment decision-making.

https://doi.org/10.21919/remef.v17i3.719

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